Installation method of subsea tunnel flue plate

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of subsea tunnel construction, in particular to a subsea tunnel flue plate mounting method which comprises the steps of flue plate prefabrication preparation, flue plate template fixation, flue plate pouring, flue plate maintenance, flue plate transfer and flue plate mounting. By prefabricating the flue plate in the subsea tunnel, the installation process of the flue plate is optimized, the time for operators to wait for the flue plate to be transported in place is shortened, the risk that the flue plate is damaged due to the fact that the flue plate is transported to a subsea tunnel installation area in construction from the outside of the subsea tunnel is avoided, and the subsea tunnel construction efficiency is improved; when the flue plates are installed, the flue plates can be rapidly fixed in place through butt joint of the connecting convex edges and the connecting grooves, the sealing performance between the adjacent flue plates is guaranteed, and the construction quality of the subsea tunnel flue plates is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of submarine tunnel construction, in particular to a method for installing a flue plate of a submarine tunnel. BACKGROUND

[0002] A submarine tunnel needs to cross an entire sea area, and the length of a single tunnel often reaches several kilometers or even tens of kilometers. Since the submarine tunnel is a long-distance tunnel, natural ventilation is not easy, and therefore an exhaust passage needs to be provided in the design to actively exhaust the foul gas in the submarine tunnel, so as to ensure fresh air in the tunnel. The installation of the flue plate is performed after the secondary lining construction of the submarine tunnel is completed. After the flue plate is installed, the submarine tunnel is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer. The lower layer of the submarine tunnel is used for vehicle passage, and the upper layer of the submarine tunnel is used as the exhaust passage.

[0003] However, in actual construction, the flue plate needs to be prefabricated outside the submarine tunnel. After the prefabrication of the flue plate is completed, the flue plate is transported to the tunnel by a vehicle for installation. The flue plate is a large component, and the weight of a single piece is about 18.5 tons. During hoisting, the component is prone to cracking due to uneven stress. During transportation, jolting and vibration may cause edge and corner damage or loosen the embedded parts, and the transportation cost is high. The production plan of the flue plate is prone to deviate from the installation progress on site. If the component is produced too early, the site will be occupied and the maintenance cost will be increased, and if the component is produced too late, the construction progress on site will be affected. Moreover, the flue plate is difficult to align during installation, and the installation of the flue plate takes a long time. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art that the installation of the flue plate of the submarine tunnel has high transportation cost, the flue plate is difficult to align, and the production plan of the flue plate is prone to deviate from the installation progress on site, and provides a method for installing a flue plate of a submarine tunnel.

[0005] The present application provides a method for installing a flue plate of a submarine tunnel, comprising the following steps: S1, flue plate prefabrication preparation: transporting a flue plate formwork and flue plate manufacturing materials to a tunneling section of the submarine tunnel; S2, flue plate formwork fixing: fixing the flue plate formwork at the tunneling section; S3, flue plate pouring: prefabricating the flue plate with connecting grooves and connecting ribs using the flue plate formwork; and pre-embedding a hoisting assembly on the top of the flue plate; S4, flue plate maintenance: covering a tarpaulin on the flue plate formwork to form a steam curing chamber, and injecting steam into the steam curing chamber by using a steam curing device to perform steam curing on the flue plate; S5, flue plate transfer: transferring the flue plate after steam curing from the tunneling section to an installation area; S6, flue plate installation: the connecting convex edge of the to-be-installed flue plate is butted with the connecting groove of the installed flue plate, and the to-be-installed flue plate is supported by the bracket of the undersea tunnel.

[0006] Preferably, in S2, the flue plate template comprises a base provided with an arc-shaped bottom plate, a first side plate, a second side plate, a first end plate, a second end plate, a first cover plate and a second cover plate; the first side plate and the second side plate are oppositely arranged, the first end plate and the second end plate are oppositely arranged, the first side plate and the second side plate are respectively hinged to the base, the first end plate and the second end plate are respectively hinged to the base, one end of the first end plate is detachably connected with the first side plate, the other end is detachably connected with the second side plate, one end of the second end plate is detachably connected with the first side plate, the other end is detachably connected with the second side plate, the first side plate, the second side plate and the first end plate are respectively detachably connected with the first cover plate, and the first side plate, the second side plate and the second end plate are respectively detachably connected with the second cover plate, thereby forming a forming cavity; the first cover plate and the second cover plate are spaced apart to form a pouring opening, the pouring opening is communicated with the forming cavity, and the pouring opening is located on the top side of the forming cavity; one side of the first side plate close to the forming cavity is provided with a forming convex edge, and one side of the second side plate close to the forming cavity is provided with a forming groove.

[0007] Preferably, in S3, the step of prefabricating the flue plate comprises: A1, setting a steel cage: removing the first cover plate and the second cover plate, and setting a flue plate steel cage in the forming cavity; A2, positioning the steel cage: after adjusting the installation position of the steel cage in the forming cavity, installing the first cover plate and the second cover plate; A3, pouring concrete: injecting concrete into the forming cavity from the pouring opening, and vibrating the concrete in the forming cavity; A4, flue plate forming: after the flue plate solidifies and forms, the appearance of the flue plate is regularized.

[0008] Preferably, in S4, after the flue plate steam curing is completed, the flue plate is demolded: the first cover plate, the second cover plate, the first end plate, the second end plate, the first side plate and the second side plate are removed in sequence, the flue plate is separated from the arc-shaped bottom plate by connecting and hoisting the hoisting assembly through hoisting equipment.

[0009] Preferably, in S4, the base is provided with a steam curing cavity and a plurality of steam curing holes, the steam curing holes are distributed on opposite sides of the base, and the steam curing holes are communicated with the steam curing cavity; the steam curing device injects steam into the steam curing cavity.

[0010] Preferably, in the S4, flue plate steam curing is completed, and then the flue plate is dried; a drying device is used to condense and dry the steam curing chamber, and the drying device is communicated with the steam curing chamber.

[0011] Preferably, in the S3, the flue plate comprises A-type flue plates suitable for standard section flue structures, B-type flue plates suitable for flue structures at electric smoke exhaust openings, and C-type flue plates suitable for flue structures at hanging air fans. The B-type flue plate is provided with a smoke exhaust opening, and a reinforcing steel plate is embedded around the smoke exhaust opening and welded with the steel reinforcement cage. The C-type flue plate is provided with a plurality of embedded steel plates for connecting air fans, and the embedded steel plates are welded with the steel reinforcement cage.

[0012] Preferably, in the S3, the lifting assembly comprises four lifting rings, and the four lifting rings are connected with the top of the flue plate.

[0013] Preferably, in the S6, the installation method of the flue plate comprises the following steps: B1, flue plate installation position measurement: measuring the bracket elevation and pile number before installing the flue plate; B2, installing a fixed rubber plate: laying a rubber plate on the bracket; B3, installing a positioning assembly: installing a positioning assembly on the bracket on both sides of the submarine tunnel; B4, lifting the flue plate to be installed: adjusting the position of the flue plate to be installed, so that the flue plate to be installed abuts against the positioning assembly and is positioned; B5, abutting the flue plate: pushing the flue plate to be installed, so that the connecting convex rib of the flue plate to be installed is abutted with the connecting groove of the installed flue plate; B6, joint sealing: brushing fireproof sealant to seal the connection between the flue plate and the bracket, and brushing fireproof sealant to seal the connecting joint of adjacent flue plates.

[0014] Preferably, in the B3, the positioning assembly comprises two wedge-shaped blocks arranged at intervals, and the wedge-shaped blocks are respectively installed on the brackets on both sides of the submarine tunnel and are detachably connected with the brackets.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1.The application provides a method for installing flue plates in a submarine tunnel, which pre-fabricates the flue plates in the submarine tunnel to avoid damage during transportation, adjusts the production schedule of the flue plates according to the construction progress of the submarine tunnel, and reduces the land occupation during the production of the flue plates; the flue plate template is installed in the tunnel section to avoid the influence of the pre-fabricated flue plates on the secondary lining construction and the tunnel excavation construction; the flue plate template can be moved to a position close to the flue plate installation area as the construction of the tunnel progresses, which avoids a large distance between the pre-fabrication area and the installation area of the flue plates, shortens the transportation distance of the flue plates, and improves the installation efficiency of the flue plates; the pre-fabricated flue plates have connecting grooves and connecting ridges for easy docking and positioning during installation; the hoisting assembly can hoist the flue plates to separate them from the flue plate template, which facilitates the demolding of the flue plates and the installation of the flue plates; a tarpaulin is used to cover the flue plate template to form a steam curing chamber for steam curing of the flue plates in the flue plate template, which reduces the land occupation, improves the structural strength of the flue plates through steam curing, reduces the curing time of the flue plates, and speeds up the pre-fabrication of the flue plates. 2.The application provides a method for installing flue plates in a submarine tunnel, which pre-fabricates the flue plates in the submarine tunnel, shortens the distance between the flue plate installation area and the flue plate pre-fabrication area, improves the transportation and installation efficiency of the flue plates, and speeds up the construction progress of the tunnel; the connecting ridges and the connecting grooves are used for docking during installation of the flue plates, which enables the flue plates to be quickly fixed in place, ensures the sealing between adjacent flue plates, and improves the construction quality of the flue plates in the submarine tunnel.

[0016] 3.The application provides a method for installing flue plates in a submarine tunnel, which pre-fabricates the flue plates in the submarine tunnel, optimizes the installation process of the flue plates, shortens the waiting time of the workers for the transportation of the flue plates, avoids the risk of damage to the flue plates caused by transportation from outside the submarine tunnel to the installation area in the submarine tunnel under construction, avoids deviations between the production plan of the flue plates and the installation schedule on site, improves the construction efficiency of the submarine tunnel, and has good economic value and practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for installing flue plates in a submarine tunnel according to the application; Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a flue plate template according to the application; Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a side view of the flue plate template according to the application; Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a first side plate of the flue plate template according to the application; Figure 5Structure diagram of the second side plate of the flue plate template of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of flue plate steam curing of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connection of the second limiting piece of the flue plate template of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection of the first limiting piece of the flue plate template of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application; Figure 9 Flow schematic diagram of the prefabricated flue plate of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application; Figure 10 Flow schematic diagram of the installation of the flue plate of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the installation of the flue plate of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the corbel of the flue plate of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the corbel of the flue plate of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application; Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the A-type flue plate of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application; Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the B-type flue plate of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application; Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the C-type flue plate of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application; Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the use state of the C-type flue plate of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application; Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the end structure of the flue plate of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application; Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the structure of the injection glue groove of the flue plate installation method of the underwater tunnel flue plate of the present application.

[0018] Markings in the figure: 1-arc-shaped bottom plate, 2-base, 31-first side plate, 311-first limiting hole, 32-second side plate, 321-second limiting hole, 33-first end plate, 34-second end plate, 35-first limiting piece, 36-second limiting piece, 37-shaped convex rib, 38-shaped concave groove, 41-first cover plate, 42-second cover plate, 5-shaped cavity, 6-pouring opening, 7-steaming hole, 8-steaming cavity, 9-steaming chamber, 10-tarpaulin, 11-steaming equipment, 100-subsea tunnel, 101-corbel, 102-flue plate, 1021-A type flue plate, 1022-B type flue plate, 1023-exhaust hole, 1024-C type flue plate, 1025-embedded steel plate, 1026-lifting ring, 1027-connecting convex rib, 1028-connecting concave groove, 103-self-compacting micro-expansion concrete, 104-rubber plate, 105-gel injection groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The application will be further described in details below in connection with specific examples. However, it should not be understood that the above-mentioned subject matter of the application is limited to the following examples only, and any technology realized based on the content of the application falls within the scope of the application.

[0020] In the description of the specific embodiments of the application, the orientation or position relationship terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inner", "outer" and the like are expressed based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship when the product / equipment / device of the application is usually used. These orientation or position relationship terms are only used to facilitate the description of the application scheme or simplify the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the quick understanding of the scheme by the technicians, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application.

[0021] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", "coaxial" and the like appear in the terms, it does not mean that the corresponding device / component / element is absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel or coaxial, but can be slightly inclined or have a deviation, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the related component. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined; "coaxial" means that two components are coaxially arranged as much as possible, and can move in a coaxial or approximately coaxial manner when the relative position changes. Alternatively, it can be simplified to understand that the corresponding device / component / element is arranged in the "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", "coaxial" direction, and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably an error / deviation of ±8% or less, more preferably an error / deviation of ±6% or less, more preferably an error / deviation of ±5% or less, more preferably an error / deviation of ±4% or less. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present application.

[0022] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like in the terms are only used to distinguish the same or similar components for description, and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of the specific components.

[0023] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "several", "a plurality of", "several" represent at least 2. It can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, etc. in any case, and even more than 9.

[0024] In addition, in the description of the technical scheme of the present application, unless otherwise specified / limited / limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connect", "set", "lay", "arrange" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected, which can be welding, riveting, bolting, screwing and other commonly used connection means in the art. The connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication between two elements.

[0025] Embodiment 1 As shown in Figures 1-19 A method for installing a tunnel flue plate under the sea, specifically comprising the following steps: S1, tunnel flue plate 102 prefabrication preparation: transport tunnel flue plate template and tunnel flue plate 102 manufacturing materials to the tunneling section of the tunnel under the sea 100; The secondary lining concrete construction has been completed in the tunneling section, which has a relatively flat space, and large machinery is less in the tunneling section, which can provide a space for the precast and storage of the flue plate 102. S2, flue plate template fixing: fixing the flue plate template in the tunneling section; The flue plate template is fixed on the tunnel floor by bolts, which provides a stable precast environment for the flue plate 102, and facilitates the demolding of the flue plate 102 from the flue plate template; S3, flue plate 102 pouring: using the flue plate template to precast the flue plate 102 with connecting grooves 1028 and connecting ribs 1027; embedding lifting assembly on the top of the flue plate 102; The lifting assembly is convenient for crane connection, and facilitates the handling and stripping of the flue plate 102; when the flue plate 102 is installed, the connecting grooves 1028 and connecting ribs 1027 of adjacent flue plates 102 are butted, which facilitates the quick positioning and installation of the flue plate 102; S4, flue plate 102 curing: covering the tarpaulin 10 on the flue plate template to form a steam curing chamber 9, and using the steam curing equipment 11 to inject steam into the steam curing chamber 9 to steam cure the flue plate 102; Steam curing can strengthen the structural strength of the flue plate 102, accelerate the precast speed of the flue plate 102, and shorten the production time of the flue plate 102; S5, flue plate 102 transfer: transferring the flue plate 102 after steam curing from the tunneling section to the installation area; The flue plate 102 is transferred by the crane lifting method, and the crane connects the lifting assembly; S6, flue plate 102 installation: making the connecting rib 1027 of the flue plate 102 to be installed butt with the connecting groove 1028 of the flue plate 102 already installed, and the flue plate 102 to be installed is supported by the corbel 101 of the submarine tunnel 100.

[0026] The connecting rib 1027 and the connecting groove 1028 butt, which can ensure that the adjacent flue plates 102 form a good seal and avoid flue leakage; the two ends of the flue plate 102 are supported by the corbel 101, so that the flue plate 102 is firmly fixed; after the flue plate 102 is installed, the self-compacting micro-expansion concrete 103 is filled above the corbel 101 to make the flue plate 102 and the corbel 101 firmly connected.

[0027] The flue plate 102 is prefabricated in the submarine tunnel 100, damage of the flue plate 102 in the transportation process is avoided, the production progress of the flue plate 102 can be adjusted according to the construction progress of the submarine tunnel 100, and the land occupation in the production process of the flue plate 102 is reduced; by installing the flue plate formwork in the hole forming section, the influence of the prefabricated flue plate 102 on the secondary lining construction and the tunnel excavation construction of the submarine tunnel 100 is avoided; the flue plate formwork can be carried to the position close to the installation area of the flue plate 102 along with the construction progress of the tunnel, the distance between the prefabrication area and the installation area of the flue plate 102 is avoided to be too large, the transportation distance of the flue plate 102 is shortened, and the installation efficiency of the flue plate 102 is improved; the prefabricated flue plate 102 has the connecting groove 1028 and the connecting convex edge 1027, which facilitates the butt joint positioning of the flue plate 102 during installation; the flue plate 102 can be lifted by the lifting assembly to separate from the flue plate formwork, which facilitates the demolding of the flue plate 102 and the installation of the flue plate 102; the tarpaulin 10 is arranged on the flue plate formwork to form the steam curing chamber 9, the flue plate 102 located in the flue plate formwork is subjected to steam curing, the land occupation is reduced, the structural strength of the flue plate 102 is improved through steam curing, the curing time of the flue plate 102 is reduced, and the prefabrication speed of the flue plate 102 is accelerated; since the flue plate 102 is prefabricated in the submarine tunnel 100, the distance between the installation area and the prefabrication area of the flue plate 102 is short, the transportation and installation efficiency of the flue plate 102 is improved, and the tunnel construction progress is accelerated; during the installation of the flue plate 102, the flue plate 102 can be quickly fixed in place through the butt joint of the connecting convex edge 1027 and the connecting groove 1028, the sealing between adjacent flue plates 102 is ensured, and the construction quality of the submarine tunnel flue plate is improved.

[0028] In one or more embodiments, in S2, the flue plate template comprises a base 2, which is provided with an arc-shaped bottom plate 1, a first side plate 31, a second side plate 32, a first end plate 33, a second end plate 34, a first cover plate 41 and a second cover plate 42; the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are oppositely arranged, the first end plate 33 and the second end plate 34 are oppositely arranged, the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are respectively hinged to the base 2, the first end plate 33 and the second end plate 34 are respectively hinged to the base 2, one end of the first end plate 33 is detachably connected to the first side plate 31, the other end is detachably connected to the second side plate 32, one end of the second end plate 34 is detachably connected to the first side plate 31, the other end is detachably connected to the second side plate 32, the first side plate 31, the second side plate 32 and the first end plate 33 are respectively detachably connected to the first cover plate 41, and the first side plate 31, the second side plate 32 and the second end plate 34 are respectively detachably connected to the second cover plate 42, thereby forming a forming cavity 5; the first cover plate 41 and the second cover plate 42 are arranged at intervals to form a pouring opening 6, the pouring opening 6 is communicated with the forming cavity 5, and the pouring opening 6 is located at the top side of the forming cavity 5; one side of the first side plate 31 close to the forming cavity 5 is provided with a forming convex rib 37, and one side of the second side plate 32 close to the forming cavity 5 is provided with a forming concave groove 38; when pouring the flue plate 102, the arc-shaped bottom plate 1, the first side plate 31, the second side plate 32, the first end plate 33, the second end plate 34, the first cover plate 41 and the second cover plate 42 jointly form the forming cavity 5 with the pouring opening 6, concrete is injected into the forming cavity 5 through the pouring opening 6, the concrete fills the forming cavity 5, and thus the concrete is formed into the shape of the forming cavity 5 to form the flue plate 102; the first side plate 31, the second side plate 32, the first end plate 33 and the second end plate 34 are respectively hinged to the base 2, which facilitates the flue plate template to quickly return to the pouring state after demolding and accelerates the pouring speed of the flue plate 102; the forming convex rib 37 and the forming concave groove 38 are adaptively shaped, the forming concave groove 38 is oppositely arranged with the forming convex rib 37 in the forming cavity 5; after the flue plate 102 is formed, the connecting groove 1028 is located at the front end of the flue plate 102, and the connecting convex rib 1027 is located at the rear end of the flue plate 102, which facilitates the butt joint of adjacent flue plates 102; in order to facilitate demolding, the cross section of the forming convex rib 37 is semicircular, and the cross section of the forming concave groove 38 is a semicircular groove, which avoids the first side plate 31 from pushing the flue plate 102 due to rotation and avoids the second side plate 32 from pushing the flue plate 102 due to rotation when the flue plate template is designed.Specifically, when the flue plate formwork is poured, the pouring cavity is formed by the arc-shaped bottom plate 1, the first side plate 31, the second side plate 32, the first end plate 33, the second end plate 34, the first cover plate 41 and the second cover plate 42, and the pouring cavity is filled with concrete from the pouring opening 6, so that the concrete is solidified in the pouring cavity to form the flue plate 102. After the flue plate 102 is solidified and formed, the first cover plate 41 and the second cover plate 42 are removed first, the tarpaulin 10 is arranged on the flue plate formwork, the steam generator is arranged in the steam curing cavity 8, and the flue plate 102 is steam cured by steam.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, in S3, the step of prefabricating the flue plate 102 includes: A1, setting the reinforcement cage: removing the first cover plate 41 and the second cover plate 42, and hoisting and placing the reinforcement cage of the flue plate 102 into the forming cavity 5 from the top of the forming cavity 5; A2, positioning the reinforcement cage: adjusting the installation position of the reinforcement cage in the forming cavity 5 to center the position of the reinforcement cage in the forming cavity 5, and then installing the first cover plate 41 and the second cover plate 42 to position the reinforcement cage; A3, pouring concrete: injecting concrete into the forming cavity 5 from the pouring opening 6, filling the forming cavity 5 with concrete, and vibrating the concrete in the forming cavity 5 by a vibrator, using a vibrating rod to cooperate with an attached vibrator to vibrate and compact, focusing on vibrating around the embedded parts and corner parts to avoid honeycomb and pitted surface. After pouring, the surface is collected in time and multiple times to eliminate surface floating slurry and reduce shrinkage cracks; A4, forming the flue plate 102: after the flue plate 102 is solidified and formed, the appearance of the flue plate 102 is regularized.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, in S4, after the steam curing of the flue plate 102 is completed, the flue plate 102 is demolded: the first cover plate 41, the second cover plate 42, the first end plate 33, the second end plate 34, the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are removed in sequence, the flue plate 102 is separated from the arc-shaped bottom plate 1 by hoisting equipment connected to the hoisting assembly, and the obstacles on the top and sides of the flue plate 102 are removed to facilitate hoisting of the flue plate 102.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, in S4, the base 2 is provided with a steam curing cavity 8 and a plurality of steam curing holes 7, the steam curing holes 7 are distributed on opposite sides of the base 2, the steam curing holes 7 are communicated with the steam curing cavity 8; the steam curing equipment 11 injects steam into the steam curing cavity 8; the steam curing equipment 11 is a steam generator, the steam generated by the steam generator warms and moisturizes the flue plate 102; the steam in the steam curing cavity 8 enters the steam curing chamber 9 through the steam curing holes 7; the temperature, humidity and temperature rising rate are strictly controlled during the steam curing process to prevent cracks in the concrete.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, in S4, after the steam curing of the flue plate 102 is completed, the flue plate 102 is dried: a drying equipment is used to condense and dry the steam curing chamber 9, the drying equipment is communicated with the steam curing cavity 8, the drying equipment compresses the air in the steam curing chamber 9 to condense the water vapor in the air into liquid water, separates and discharges the water, and introduces the dry air into the steam curing chamber 9, so that the humidity in the steam curing chamber 9 is reduced, the water in the flue plate 102 is separated and discharged, and the drying of the flue plate 102 is accelerated.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, in S3, the flue plate 102 includes A-type flue plates 1021 suitable for standard section flue structures, B-type flue plates 1022 suitable for flue structures at electric smoke exhaust openings, and C-type flue plates 1024 suitable for flue structures at air hangers. The B-type flue plate 1022 is provided with a smoke exhaust opening 1023, a reinforcing steel plate is embedded around the smoke exhaust opening 1023, and the reinforcing steel plate is welded with the steel reinforcement cage; the B-type flue plate 1022 is structurally reinforced by using a box type embedded part, a 316 stainless steel plate with a thickness of 10 mm is used, double-sided welding is performed according to the design size, curvature, bending, angle and other requirements of the drawing, and sealing is ensured, there are 68 14 mm bolt holes with a spacing of 200 mm between horizontal steel plates; the inner diameter size of the box is 5.1 m*1.7 m, and the anchor reinforcement is made horizontally with a length of 350 mm and a diameter of 12 mm or more. After the steel reinforcement is bound and welded, it is hoisted on a special template support for leveling, correction and fixation, and then the steel reinforcement is laid and bound and welded.

[0034] The C-type flue plate 1024 is provided with a plurality of embedded steel plates 1025 for connecting the air fan, and the embedded steel plates 1025 are welded with the steel reinforcement cage; the C-type plate embedded part is divided into A and B types, a 316 stainless steel plate with a thickness of 20 mm is used, the A-type size is 300*400*20 mm, the B-type size is 2200*300*20 mm, according to the drawing requirements, every three C-type flue plates 1024 are a group, six B-type embedded parts are embedded in the middle flue plate 102, three A-type embedded parts are embedded in each of the two side flue plates 102, the center line of the three flue plates 102 is used as an axis, the embedded part position is positioned longitudinally and transversely according to the design size of the drawing, and the embedded part is first bound and fixed to the bottom of the steel reinforcement cage, and then the embedded part is slightly adjusted and firmly welded after the steel reinforcement cage is put into the mold.

[0035] In one or more embodiments, in S3, the hoisting assembly includes four lifting rings 1026, each of which is connected to the top of the flue plate 102, two lifting rings 1026 are arranged on one side of the flue plate 102, and two lifting rings 1026 are arranged on the other side. When the flue plate 102 is hoisted, the four lifting rings 1026 are connected to the crane to ensure the stability of the flue plate 102 hoisting.

[0036] In one or more embodiments, in S6, the installation method of the flue plate 102 includes the following steps: B1, flue plate 102 installation position measurement: Before the installation of the flue plate 102, the bracket 101 elevation and pile number are measured to determine the installation model of the flue plate 102 at this position, so as to avoid installation errors of the flue plate 102; B2, install the rubber plate 104: Lay the rubber plate 104 on the bracket 101, which can avoid damage to the flue plate 102 during installation. After the installation of the flue plate 102, the rubber plate 104 seals the gap between the flue plate 102 and the bracket 101; B3, install the positioning assembly: Install the positioning assembly on the bracket 101 on both sides of the submarine tunnel 100; B4, hoist the flue plate 102 to be installed: Adjust the position of the flue plate 102 to be installed so that the flue plate 102 to be installed abuts against the positioning assembly to position the flue plate 102 to be installed; facilitate the rapid installation of the flue plate 102; B5, butt joint the flue plate 102: Push the flue plate 102 to be installed so that the connecting convex rib 1027 of the flue plate 102 to be installed is butt jointed with the connecting groove 1028 of the installed flue plate 102; B6, joint sealing: Brush fireproof sealant on the connection between the flue plate 102 and the bracket 101, and brush fireproof sealant on the connecting joint of adjacent flue plates 102; ensure the sealing of the flue.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, in B3, the positioning assembly includes two spaced apart wedge blocks, each of which is installed on the bracket 101 on both sides of the submarine tunnel 100 and is detachably connected to the bracket 101; when the flue plate 102 to be installed is hoisted, the two ends of the flue plate 102 to be installed can abut against the wedge blocks to position the flue plate 102 to be installed.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, the first side plate 3131 is provided with a plurality of first limiting members 3535, the first limiting members 3535 are detachably connected with the base 22, the second side plate 3232 is provided with a plurality of second limiting members 3636, the second limiting members 3636 are detachably connected with the base 22; the first side plate 3131 is pulled tight by the first limiting members 3535, so that the first side plate 3131 is tightly attached to the arc-shaped bottom plate 11, thereby avoiding slurry leakage; the second side plate 3232 is pulled tight by the second limiting members 3636, so that the second side plate 3232 is tightly attached to the arc-shaped bottom plate 11, thereby avoiding slurry leakage; the forming quality of the flue plate 102100 is ensured; a plurality of first limiting holes 311311 are formed in the first side plate 3131, the first limiting members 3535 include first bolts, the first bolts pass through the first limiting holes 311311, the first bolts abut against the first side plate 3131, and the first bolts are threadedly connected with the base 22; a plurality of second limiting holes 321321 are formed in the second side plate 3232, the second limiting members 3636 include second bolts, the second bolts pass through the second limiting holes 321321, the second bolts abut against the second side plate 3232, and the second bolts are threadedly connected with the base 22; the bolt connection mode can quickly connect and detach the first side plate 3131 and the second side plate 3232 with the base 22, thereby accelerating the mold closing and mold opening processes and facilitating the rapid pouring of the flue plate 102100 by the operating personnel.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of support frames 9 for supporting the tarpaulin 10 are arranged on the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 respectively, the support frames 9 abut against the tarpaulin 10, so that the tarpaulin 10 has a certain distance from the flue plate 102100, the steam flows, the flue plate 102100 is uniformly heated and moisturized during the steam curing operation, and the forming quality of the flue plate 102100 is ensured.

[0040] Specifically, the flue plate 102 is an arched plate body.

[0041] Specifically, the diameter of the lifting eye 1026 is φ28; the size of the smoke discharging hole 1023 of the B-type flue plate 1022 is 5.1m*1.7m; the pre-embedded steel plate 1025316 of the C-type flue plate 1024 is a stainless steel plate, and two types of pre-embedded steel plates 1025 are embedded in the C-type flue plate 1024, which facilitates the connection of the fan.

[0042] Specifically, after the two flue plates 102 are butt-jointed, glue injection grooves 105 are arranged at the top and the bottom of the joint respectively, the glue injection groove 105 at the top is in a U-shaped cross section, the glue injection groove 105 at the bottom is in a prismatic cross section, and the glue injection grooves 105 are used for injecting fireproof sealing glue to seal the joint.

[0043] Specifically, the flue plate 102 is produced in batch and concentrated precast in the hole forming section of the submarine tunnel 100, and then is transferred from the precast field to the installation area for installation.

[0044] Specifically, the concrete used for pouring flue slab 102 is of C45 strength grade and is mixed with polypropylene coarse fiber. The mix design meets the requirements for strength, durability, and workability. Due to the corrosiveness of the marine environment, the concrete’s impermeability and crack resistance are important considerations. The cement, aggregate, admixtures and other components should be selected reasonably in the mix design.

[0045] Specifically, before pouring flue slab 102, the width is measured at 5 points on the inner and outer arcs of the steel mold cavity using an inside micrometer, and the measurements are recorded in the self-inspection table. If the error exceeds the specified dimensions, the flue slab template is readjusted until it meets the flue slab template closing accuracy requirements.

[0046] Specifically, flue plate 102 is 10.4m long, 2.5m wide, and 0.25m thick.

[0047] The installation method of the flue plate in the submarine tunnel according to this embodiment has the following advantages: 1. The flue slab 102 is prefabricated in batches using flue slab templates. From steel bar processing and template installation to concrete pouring and curing, it follows fixed process standards. The product's dimensional accuracy and quality stability are far superior to those of cast-in-place components. 2. All prefabrication production processes are completed in the prefabrication yard inside the tunnel, which is not limited by the weather or site conditions. The construction environment is highly controllable, which is conducive to quality control and efficiency improvement. 3. The flue plate 102 integrates functions such as smoke exhaust channel and fireproof partition. During the prefabrication process, the installation of embedded parts such as lifting ring 1026, embedded steel plate 1025, and reinforcing steel plate is completed simultaneously; the smoke exhaust opening 1023 is precisely positioned. 4. The production plan for flue plate 102 is strictly matched with the on-site installation schedule to avoid stockpiling or supply disruptions of flue plate 102.

[0048] In the specific implementation method, according to the production tasks and schedule, a total of 5 sets of flue slab formwork were used: 3 sets of Type A flue slab 1021 formwork, 1 set each of Type B flue slab 1022 and Type C flue slab 1024 formwork, with a daily output of 5 flue slabs 102. The length of the reinforcing bars was calculated according to the design dimensions in the drawings, and the bars were cut and processed. Partially welded reinforcing cages were then assembled and fabricated on a dedicated reinforcing bar work platform. A 2.5t gantry crane was used to lift the reinforcing cages to the storage area for temporary storage. The flue slab formwork was then erected and hoisted into place. The reinforcing cage is cast and vibrated using C45 commercial concrete. The flue slab 102 is steam-cured with the formwork in place. After the flue slab 102 reaches the design strength, a 25t gantry crane is used to lift the finished flue slab 102 from the production area to the storage area for covering and water curing. After the curing reaches the required strength, the 25t gantry crane lifts the flue slab 102 onto a transport flatbed truck, which then transports the flue slab 102 to the installation area. An 80t folding arm truck-mounted crane is used to install the flue slab 102 in the work area.

[0049] Before the reinforcement cage enters the mold, the flue plate template needs to be cleaned and uniformly coated with an interface agent. The reinforcement cage is padded with plastic pads, and the protective layer should meet the design requirements. The main reinforcement of the reinforcement cage has a protective layer thickness of 40 mm. When the reinforcement cage enters the mold, the hook should be close to the longitudinal reinforcement with stirrups, and it should be placed vertically from above the flue plate template, and it should not slide on the flue plate template. After the reinforcement cage enters the mold, the reinforcement cage is padded with special pads and the thickness of the inner mold and the bottom protective layer is checked. When the protective layer is greater than the tolerance or the reinforcement cage is twisted, it cannot be used.

[0050] The concrete pouring starts from both ends of the flue plate 102 and is poured in order from low to high to ensure that the concrete can uniformly slide to the four sides of the mold. After half of the pouring is completed, the first cover plate 41 and the second cover plate 42 at both ends are installed synchronously until the pouring of the arch part is completed. Specifically, during half of the pouring, the pneumatic attached vibrators are opened synchronously and arranged in a plum blossom shape at the bottom of the flue plate template. The vibrators have three gears, and the vibration intensity increases in order. During the initial pouring process, the first gear is opened first to increase the uniformity of the concrete flow. The second gear is opened when 1 / 4 of the pouring is completed. When half of the pouring is about to be completed, the first cover plate 41 and the second cover plate 42 are installed at the arch part, and then the pouring continues. Until the half of the pouring is completed, the third gear is opened, and the inserted vibrators are used to ensure the pouring density.

[0051] The first cover plate 41 and the second cover plate 42 are removed before steam curing, and the static stop, temperature rise, constant temperature, and temperature drop times are strictly controlled during steam curing. It is appropriate to statically stop for pre-curing for 2-6 hours at room temperature, the temperature rise and drop speeds should not exceed 20°C / h, the highest curing temperature should not exceed 70°C, and the difference between the surface temperature of the flue plate 102 after demolding and the ambient temperature should not exceed 25°C.

[0052] After the flue plate 102 is installed in place, the concrete interface agent is applied to both ends of the flue plate 102, and the C45 self-compacting micro-expanding plain concrete 103 is poured on the corbels 101 in a timely manner. For the lifting hole with a lifting ring 1026 on the flue plate 102, M15 mortar is used for sealing. Specifically, the C45 self-compacting micro-expanding plain concrete 103 is used to fill the space above the corbels 101 to fix the flue plate 102. The ground pump pouring method is used, and the garbage on the corbels 101 is cleaned before pouring. After every 15-25 flue plates 102 are installed, pouring is concentrated once, and then manual troweling and leveling are performed, and covering and watering maintenance are performed.

[0053] After the flue plate 102 is installed, after the C45 self-compacting micro-expansion concrete 103 of the corbel 101 on both sides of the underwater tunnel 100 reaches the design strength, the joint embedding glue construction is performed, the material for filling the joint is fireproof sealant, before the joint is injected with glue, the injection groove 105 is cleaned by using high-pressure gas, if necessary, the injection groove 105 is washed and dried by using high-pressure water, then the high-altitude operation vehicle is used to embed the joint from one end to the other end, the glue nozzle is cut according to the width of the injection groove 105, generally, the glue outlet is slightly smaller than the width of the injection groove 105, the glue is uniformly applied to the injection groove 105; the front end of the glue nozzle should be close to the bottom of the injection groove 105 to apply glue, so that the glue is naturally extruded outward from the bottom, the sealant is ensured to be close to the flue plate 102 on both sides of the joint, and the joint between the corbel 101 and the flue plate 102 is sealed by using the fireproof sealant.

[0054] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for installing a flue slab in an underwater tunnel, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation for prefabrication of flue slab (102): Transport flue slab templates and flue slab (102) fabrication materials to the tunnel section of the undersea tunnel (100); S2. Fixing the flue slab template: Fix the flue slab template in the tunnel section; S3, Flue plate (102) casting: Flue plate (102) with connecting groove (1028) and connecting protrusion (1027) is prefabricated using flue plate template; hoisting components are pre-embedded on the top of flue plate (102); S4. Curing of flue plate (102): Cover the flue plate template with tarpaulin (10) to form a steam curing chamber (9), and use steam curing equipment (11) to inject steam into the steam curing chamber (9) to steam cure the flue plate (102); S5. Transfer of flue plate (102): Transfer the flue plate (102) that has been steam cured from the tunnel section to the installation area; S6. Installation of flue plate (102): Align the connecting protrusion (1027) of the flue plate (102) to be installed with the connecting groove (1028) of the installed flue plate (102). The flue plate (102) to be installed is supported by the bracket (101) of the undersea tunnel (100).

2. The method for installing a flue slab in a submarine tunnel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the flue plate template includes a base (2), which has an arc-shaped bottom plate (1), a first side plate (31), a second side plate (32), a first end plate (33), a second end plate (34), a first cover plate (41), and a second cover plate (42). The first side plate (31) and the second side plate (32) are arranged opposite to each other, and the first end plate (33) and the second end plate (34) are arranged opposite to each other. The first side plate (31) and the second side plate (32) are respectively hinged to the base (2), and the first end plate (33) and the second end plate (34) are respectively hinged to the base (2). One end of the first end plate (33) is detachably connected to the first side plate (31), and the other end is detachably connected to the second side plate (32). One end of the second end plate (34) is connected to the first side plate (31). 31) The first side plate (31), the second side plate (32) and the first end plate (33) are detachably connected to the first cover plate (41) respectively. The first side plate (31), the second side plate (32) and the second end plate (34) are detachably connected to the second cover plate (42) respectively, forming a molding cavity (5). The first cover plate (41) and the second cover plate (42) are spaced apart to form a pouring port (6). The pouring port (6) communicates with the molding cavity (5). The pouring port (6) is located on the top side of the molding cavity (5). The first side plate (31) is provided with a molding protrusion (37) on the side near the molding cavity (5). The second side plate (32) is provided with a molding groove (38) on the side near the molding cavity (5).

3. The method for installing a flue slab in a submarine tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S3, the step of prefabricating the flue plate (102) includes: A1. Set up the reinforcing cage: Remove the first cover plate (41) and the second cover plate (42), and set up the flue plate (102) reinforcing cage in the forming cavity (5); A2. Positioning the steel cage: After adjusting the installation position of the steel cage in the forming cavity (5), install the first cover plate (41) and the second cover plate (42); A3. Pouring concrete: Injecting concrete into the molding cavity (5) through the pouring port (6) and vibrating the concrete in the molding cavity (5); A4. Forming of flue plate (102): After the flue plate template is left to stand until the flue plate (102) solidifies, the appearance of the flue plate (102) is shaped.

4. The method for installing a flue slab in a submarine tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S4, after the flue plate (102) has been steam cured, the flue plate (102) is demolded: the first cover plate (41), the second cover plate (42), the first end plate (33), the second end plate (34), the first side plate (31) and the second side plate (32) are removed in sequence, and the flue plate (102) is separated from the arc-shaped bottom plate (1) by connecting the hoisting equipment with the hoisting assembly.

5. The method for installing a flue slab in a submarine tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that, In S4, the base (2) is provided with a steam curing chamber (8) and a plurality of steam curing holes (7). The steam curing holes (7) are distributed on opposite sides of the base (2) and are connected to the steam curing chamber (8). The steam curing equipment (11) injects steam into the steam curing chamber (8).

6. The method for installing a flue slab in a submarine tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that, In S4, after the flue plate (102) is steam cured, the flue plate (102) is dried: the steam curing chamber (9) is condensed and dried using a drying device, which is connected to the steam curing chamber (8).

7. The method for installing a flue slab in a submarine tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S3, the flue plate (102) includes an A-type flue plate (1021) suitable for standard flue structure, a B-type flue plate (1022) suitable for flue structure at electric exhaust port, and a C-type flue plate (1024) suitable for flue structure at fan location; The type B flue plate (1022) is provided with a smoke exhaust opening (1023), and a reinforcing steel plate is pre-embedded around the smoke exhaust opening (1023), and the reinforcing steel plate is welded to the reinforcing cage; The C-shaped flue plate (1024) is provided with several embedded steel plates (1025) for connecting the fan, and the embedded steel plates (1025) are welded to the reinforcing cage.

8. The method for installing a flue slab in a submarine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the hoisting assembly includes four lifting rings (1026), all of which are connected to the top of the flue plate (102).

9. The method for installing a flue slab in a submarine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the installation method of the flue plate (102) includes the following steps: B1. Measurement of the installation position of flue plate (102): Before installing flue plate (102), measure the elevation and station number of bracket (101); B2. Install and fix the rubber sheet (104): Lay the rubber sheet (104) on the corbel (101); B3. Install positioning components: Install positioning components on the corbels (101) on both sides of the undersea tunnel (100); B4. Hoisting the flue plate to be installed (102): Adjust the position of the flue plate to be installed (102) so that the flue plate to be installed (102) abuts against the positioning component and positions the flue plate to be installed (102); B5: Connecting flue plate (102): Push the flue plate to be installed (102) so that the connecting protrusion (1027) of the flue plate to be installed (102) aligns with the connecting groove (1028) of the installed flue plate (102); B6: Joint sealing: Apply fireproof sealant to the connection between the flue plate (102) and the bracket (101), and apply fireproof sealant to the connection between adjacent flue plates (102).

10. The method for installing a flue slab in a submarine tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that, In B3, the positioning component includes two spaced-apart wedges, and the wedges are respectively installed on the brackets (101) located on both sides of the submarine tunnel (100). The wedges are detachably connected to the brackets (101).

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