Insulation defect detection method and device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an insulation defect detection method and device and electronic equipment, and relates to the field of power equipment. And tiny insulation defects of the insulating part can be detected. The insulation defect detection method comprises the following steps: irradiating a to-be-detected insulation part through a short-wave irradiation source, and collecting a discharge signal generated by the insulation part under irradiation by adopting an ultrahigh-frequency sensor; extracting a plurality of signal parameters from the discharge signal, and determining whether the discharge signal is an effective discharge signal according to the extracted signal parameters; and when the discharge signal is an effective discharge signal, determining that the insulator has an insulation defect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power equipment, and more particularly to a method, apparatus and electronic equipment for detecting insulation defects. Background Technology

[0002] As a critical piece of equipment in power grid nodes, gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS) boasts significant advantages such as compact structure, high reliability, and minimal susceptibility to environmental influences. Statistics show that over 60% of large power equipment failures originate from the progressive degradation of their internal insulation systems, with sudden short-circuit faults caused by insulator surface flashover or air gap breakdown constituting the most prevalent type of GIS equipment failure. Partial discharge detection is the most direct method for assessing insulation condition. Partial discharge detection methods typically employ ultra-high frequency (UHF) sensors to detect discharge signals. However, UHF detection methods rely primarily on signal amplitude and spectral characteristics for identification. In real-world environments, interference signals and discharge signals exhibit high similarity in both time and frequency domain characteristics, leading to a high false positive rate. This is particularly problematic when detecting minute defects, where signal amplitudes approach noise levels, making them virtually indistinguishable using traditional methods. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an insulation defect detection method, device, and electronic equipment that combines shortwave light source and ultra-high frequency detection to identify minute insulation defects.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for detecting insulation defects, including: The insulating component to be tested is irradiated by a shortwave irradiation source, and the discharge signal generated by the insulating component under irradiation is collected by an ultra-high frequency sensor. Multiple signal parameters are extracted from the discharge signal, and the validity of the discharge signal is determined based on the extracted signal parameters. When the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal, it is determined that the insulating component has an insulation defect.

[0005] According to the insulation defect detection method provided in this embodiment, the insulating component to be tested is irradiated by a short-wave radiation source. Short-wave radiation can excite micro-defects to generate discharge, thereby improving the detection accuracy of defects. In addition, the signal is collected by an ultra-high frequency sensor to ensure the sensitivity to micro-defect discharge, so as to achieve effective extraction and identification of micro-insulation defects.

[0006] The method of using an ultra-high frequency sensor to collect the discharge signal generated by the insulating component under irradiation includes: The detection window is determined based on the pulse width of the shortwave irradiation source, and the start time of the detection window is also determined. The ultra-high frequency sensor is controlled to collect discharge signals according to the detection window from the start time.

[0007] Optionally, the method further includes: Background interference signals were acquired under conditions of no shortwave radiation, and the signal characteristics of the background interference signals were extracted. The discharge signal is compared with the signal features, and signals in the discharge signal whose matching degree with the signal features is higher than a preset threshold are removed.

[0008] Optionally, the ultra-high frequency sensor includes a dual-polarized antenna, and the step of using the ultra-high frequency sensor to acquire the discharge signal generated by the insulating component under irradiation includes: The vertical polarization component and the horizontal polarization component of the discharge signal were collected separately to determine the differences in polarization characteristics; Background interference signals are removed from the discharge signal based on the polarization characteristic differences.

[0009] Optionally, the extraction of multiple signal parameters from the discharge signal includes: The signal amplitude, rise time, pulse width, and phase correlation are extracted from the discharge signal to obtain the signal parameters.

[0010] Optionally, determining whether the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal based on the extracted signal parameters includes: According to the preset weights corresponding to each signal parameter, the multiple signal parameters are weighted and summed to obtain the comprehensive score; Whether a discharge signal is a valid discharge signal is determined by a comprehensive score.

[0011] Optionally, the method further includes: Real-time acquisition of background noise; dynamic threshold determined based on background noise amplitude. When the amplitude of the acquired signal exceeds the dynamic threshold and is within the detection window, the signal is determined to be a discharge signal.

[0012] Optionally, the shortwave irradiation source emits X-ray pulses with a pulse width of 30-50 ns and a repetition frequency of 1-10 Hz, and the start time is 200-500 μs after the shortwave irradiation pulse.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides an insulation defect detection device, comprising: The shortwave irradiation module is used to irradiate the insulating component to be tested through a shortwave irradiation source, and to collect the discharge signal generated by the insulating component under irradiation using an ultra-high frequency sensor. The signal extraction module is used to extract multiple signal parameters from the discharge signal and determine whether the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal based on the extracted signal parameters. The signal detection module is used to determine that there is an insulation defect in the insulating component when the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal.

[0014] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device including a memory and one or more processors. The memory stores one or more computer programs, each including instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the electronic device to perform the insulation defect detection method as described in the first aspect.

[0015] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the insulation defect detection method as described in the first aspect.

[0016] Fifthly, this application provides a computer program product that, when run on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform the insulation defect detection method as described in the first aspect.

[0017] Understandably, the beneficial effects achieved by the insulation defect detection device, electronic equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product provided above can be referred to the beneficial effects in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating the insulation defect detection method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the insulation defect detection device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish identical or similar items with substantially the same function and effect. For example, "first chip" and "second chip" are only used to distinguish different chips and do not limit their order. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" do not necessarily imply that they are different. It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that they are examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being better or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner. In the embodiments of this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more.

[0020] It should be noted that "at the time of..." in the embodiments of this application can be either at the instant when a certain situation occurs, or for a period of time after the occurrence of a certain situation. The embodiments of this application do not make specific limitations on this.

[0021] The implementation of this embodiment will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] This embodiment provides a method for detecting insulation defects. For example, this method can be applied to various electronic devices such as computers (PCs), tablets, virtual reality / augmented reality devices, wearable devices, industrial computers, and vehicle-mounted systems; it can also be applied to servers, cloud computing, server clusters, etc. This embodiment does not impose any special limitations on it.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of the insulation defect detection method provided in the embodiments of this application is shown.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the insulation defect detection method may include the following steps: Step 101: Irradiate the insulating component to be tested using a shortwave irradiation source, and use an ultra-high frequency sensor to collect the discharge signal generated by the insulating component under irradiation.

[0025] The insulating component refers to gas-insulated switchgear (GIS), which is a metal-enclosed switchgear and control device that uses a gas at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure as the insulating medium in at least one part. A shortwave irradiation source refers to a signal source capable of emitting shortwave signals such as X-rays. In this embodiment, the core component of the shortwave irradiation source is a YXLON 450-D08 X-ray tube with a tube voltage of 150kV. Multi-gradient control of 0.5-294mR / s is achieved through a combination of tube current (1-10mA) and copper filter thickness. The pulse width in short-pulse mode is 30-50ns.

[0026] The discharge is generated by pulsed X-ray irradiation to excite tiny defects in the insulating component. The irradiation pulse width is 30-50 ns, and the repetition frequency is 1-10 Hz. The shortwave irradiation source outputs light sources with a wavelength range of 0.01-20 nm. The irradiation rate is multi-gradiently controlled from 0.5-294 mR / s by combining the tube current (1-10 mA) with the thickness of the copper filter.

[0027] Step 102: Extract multiple signal parameters from the discharge signal, and determine whether the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal based on the extracted signal parameters.

[0028] Step 103: When the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal, it is determined that the insulating component has an insulation defect.

[0029] Signal parameters specifically include amplitude, rise time, pulse width, and phase correlation. Signal amplitude refers to the strength of the discharge signal; rise time is the time required for the signal to rise from a low level to a high level; pulse width is the duration of the discharge pulse; and phase correlation refers to the relationship between the signal and the power supply voltage phase. Phase correlation is calculated by dividing the power frequency voltage cycle (50Hz) into 360° phase intervals, recording the phase angle of each detected pulse signal relative to the zero-crossing point of the power supply voltage, and then statistically analyzing the concentration of phase distribution over a period of time (e.g., 100 consecutive signals). Specifically, it is calculated as the reciprocal of the phase standard deviation, i.e., the phase correlation index is: ,in This represents the standard deviation of the phase distribution. The closer this value is to 1, the higher the phase concentration, and the more it matches the characteristics of a real discharge occurring in a specific phase (such as within ±30°).

[0030] Signal parameters are obtained by extracting signal amplitude, rise time, pulse width, and phase correlation from the acquired discharge signal. Multiple signal parameters are then weighted and summed according to a preset weight for each parameter to obtain a comprehensive score. The comprehensive score is used to determine whether the discharge signal is valid.

[0031] When calculating the comprehensive score, four characteristic parameters—signal amplitude, rise time, pulse width, and phase correlation—are normalized, and then weighted and summed according to preset weights (e.g., 0.3:0.2:0.2:0.3) to obtain the comprehensive score. For example, a comprehensive score ≥ 7 (out of 10) is considered a valid discharge signal, indicating the presence of an insulation defect; a score < 5 is considered an interference signal, indicating the absence of an insulation defect; and scores between 5 and 7 are considered suspicious signals requiring further analysis. These judgment thresholds are determined by testing known defect samples and interference sources and adjusting the weights accordingly.

[0032] To avoid the problem of reduced detection efficiency due to mismatch between the excitation signal of the shortwave source and the detection window of the ultra-high frequency, this embodiment includes the following steps when acquiring the discharge signal: determining the detection window based on the pulse width of the shortwave irradiation source, and determining the start time of the detection window; controlling the ultra-high frequency sensor to acquire the discharge signal according to the detection window from the start time.

[0033] Discharge signals are acquired using an ultra-high frequency (UHF) sensor with a center frequency of 1-3 GHz and a bandwidth of 500 MHz. A timing synchronization relationship is established between the shortwave source pulse and the UHF detection window, ensuring the detection window precisely matches the 200-500 microsecond time interval following shortwave irradiation; that is, the start time is 200-500 μs after the shortwave irradiation pulse. The timing synchronization is achieved using a GPS-synchronized clock, with a synchronization accuracy better than ±50 ns, ensuring precise matching between the shortwave irradiation pulse and the UHF detection window.

[0034] To reduce background signal interference, background noise can be collected in real time during discharge signal acquisition, and a dynamic threshold is determined based on the background noise amplitude. This dynamic threshold filters out background noise interference. When the acquired signal amplitude exceeds the dynamic threshold and is within the detection window, the signal is determined to be a discharge signal. When the acquired signal amplitude does not exceed the dynamic threshold or is not within the detection window, the signal is determined to be irrelevant background noise.

[0035] This implementation achieves an adaptive threshold effect through real-time background noise. The background noise level is measured in real-time, the root mean square (RMS) value of the noise is calculated, and a dynamic threshold is set to 3-5 times the RMS value. A valid discharge signal is only determined when the signal amplitude exceeds the dynamic threshold and is within a preset time window.

[0036] By filtering out irrelevant signals and obtaining valid discharge signals, the detection efficiency can be improved.

[0037] This embodiment also includes removing interference signals from the discharge signal to improve the anti-interference capability of defect detection. Specifically, background interference signals are acquired under conditions without shortwave radiation, and the signal features of the background interference signals are extracted; the discharge signal is compared with the signal features, and signals in the discharge signal whose matching degree with the signal features is higher than a preset threshold are removed.

[0038] Before short-wave irradiating the insulating components, background interference signals can be collected and their signal characteristics, such as signal amplitude and pulse width, can be extracted. An interference signal feature database can be established based on the extracted signal characteristics. Then, the real-time detection signal (i.e., the discharge signal) can be compared with the interference signal feature database, and signals with a matching degree higher than 80% can be eliminated.

[0039] In an exemplary embodiment, the ultra-high frequency sensor includes a dual-polarized antenna, which can separately acquire the vertical polarization component and the horizontal polarization component of the discharge signal to determine the polarization characteristic difference; and remove background interference signals from the discharge signal based on the polarization characteristic difference.

[0040] The system can acquire background interference signals even without shortwave radiation. Because the UHF sensor uses a dual-polarized antenna design, it simultaneously acquires both vertical and horizontal polarization components during acquisition. This data on the horizontal and vertical components of the background interference is used to establish an interference signal feature database for subsequent identification and removal of interference. During interference removal, partial discharge signals typically exhibit specific polarization patterns (such as linear polarization in a specific direction), while background electromagnetic interference signals possess different polarization characteristics (such as random or circular polarization). By comparing parameters such as the amplitude ratio and phase relationship of the vertical and horizontal polarization components of the discharge signal and the background interference signal, the unique polarization characteristics of the discharge signal can be identified. Based on these polarization characteristics, the discharge signal can be extracted, reducing interference signals.

[0041] In this embodiment, a shortwave light source and ultra-high frequency detection are combined to effectively extract the discharge signal. By precisely controlling the synchronization relationship between the shortwave light source pulse timing and the ultra-high frequency detection window, combined with feature signal extraction and interference suppression, the discharge signal of minute insulation defects can be effectively extracted and identified, thereby improving the accuracy of minute defect detection under strong electromagnetic interference environment.

[0042] For example, the system used in the above method of this embodiment includes four major modules: a shortwave irradiation unit, an ultra-high frequency (UHF) detection unit, a timing control unit, and a data processing unit. a. Shortwave Irradiation Unit: The core component is a YXLON 450-D08 X-ray tube with a tube voltage of 150kV. Multi-gradient control of 0.5-294mR / s is achieved through a combination of tube current (1-10mA) and copper filter thickness. The pulse width in short-pulse mode is 30-50ns. b. UHF Detection Unit: The core components are a dual-polarized UHF sensor (center frequency 2GHz, bandwidth 500MHz) and a high-speed acquisition card (bandwidth 5GHz, acquisition rate 20GS / s, storage depth 100Mpts). c. Timing Control Unit: The core component is a GPS synchronization clock module with a time synchronization accuracy of ±50ns, ensuring precise matching between the shortwave irradiation pulse and the UHF detection window. d. Data Processing Unit: The core hardware is a high-performance industrial control computer, equipped with MATLAB software including customized functional modules such as adaptive threshold algorithms and interference signal identification.

[0043] The test object can be commonly used epoxy insulation components in GIS systems, with prefabricated micro-gap samples of 0.29mm diameter. The experimental environment simulates the electromagnetic environment of a substation, with background noise levels controlled at -60dBm. The detection process is as follows: a. Establish time synchronization between the shortwave source and the UHF detection unit using a GPS synchronization clock, with time synchronization accuracy controlled within ±50ns; b. Determine the initial voltage of the sample through a PXIPD test, increasing the AC voltage to 15%-20% above the initial voltage; c. The shortwave irradiation source emits X-ray pulses with a pulse width of 30-50ns and a repetition frequency of 1-10Hz; d. The UHF detection system acquires signals within a time window of 200-500μs after the X-ray pulse; e. The data processing unit identifies valid discharge signals using an adaptive threshold algorithm and multi-parameter fusion criteria.

[0044] Experimental results demonstrate that in environments with a background noise level of -60 dBm, traditional UHF detection methods cannot distinguish between valid and interference signals. However, this method, through timing modulation and feature recognition, can clearly extract valid discharge signals. Even with a background noise level of -60 dBm, the false positive rate remains below 5%. In tests on samples with a tiny air gap of 0.29 mm in diameter, approximately 2800 stable discharge signals can be detected per minute, with the pulse height remaining stable within the 750-850 pC range. The time delay fluctuation coefficient is only 8.5%, far below the critical value of 10%.

[0045] Furthermore, this embodiment also provides an insulation defect detection device, which can be used to perform the above-described insulation defect detection method.

[0046] like Figure 2As shown, the insulation defect detection device 200 specifically includes: a shortwave irradiation module 201, used to irradiate the insulating component to be tested through a shortwave irradiation source and to collect the discharge signal generated by the insulating component under irradiation using an ultra-high frequency sensor; a signal extraction module 202, used to extract multiple signal parameters from the discharge signal and determine whether the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal based on the extracted signal parameters; and a signal detection module 203, used to determine that the insulating component has an insulation defect when the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal.

[0047] In one exemplary embodiment, the shortwave irradiation source emits X-ray pulses with a pulse width of 30-50 ns and a repetition frequency of 1-10 Hz, with the start time being 200-500 μs after the shortwave irradiation pulse.

[0048] In one exemplary embodiment, the shortwave irradiation module 201 is specifically used to: determine a detection window based on the pulse width of the shortwave irradiation source, and determine the start time of the detection window; control the ultra-high frequency sensor to collect discharge signals according to the detection window from the start time.

[0049] In one exemplary embodiment, the device further includes: an interference removal module, configured to acquire background interference signals under conditions without shortwave radiation, extract signal features of the background interference signals, compare the discharge signals with the signal features, and remove signals in the discharge signals whose matching degree with the signal features is higher than a preset threshold.

[0050] In one exemplary embodiment, the ultra-high frequency sensor includes a dual-polarized antenna, and the interference removal module is further configured to collect the vertical polarization component and the horizontal polarization component of the discharge signal respectively, determine the polarization characteristic difference, and remove background interference signals from the discharge signal based on the polarization characteristic difference.

[0051] In one exemplary embodiment, the signal extraction module 202 is specifically used to extract the signal amplitude, rise time, pulse width and phase correlation from the discharge signal to obtain signal parameters.

[0052] In one exemplary embodiment, the signal extraction module 202 is specifically used to perform weighted summation of multiple signal parameters according to the preset weight corresponding to each signal parameter to obtain a comprehensive score; and to determine whether the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal based on the comprehensive score.

[0053] In one exemplary embodiment, a signal filtering module is further included, which is used to collect background noise in real time, determine a dynamic threshold based on the amplitude of the background noise, and determine the signal as a discharge signal when the collected signal amplitude exceeds the dynamic threshold and is within the detection window.

[0054] The specific details of each module or unit in the above-mentioned insulation defect detection device have been described in detail in the corresponding insulation defect detection method, so they will not be repeated here.

[0055] This application also provides an electronic device. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3 The electronic device 600 shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 600 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 601, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 602 or a program loaded from a storage section 608 into a random access memory (RAM) 603. The RAM 603 also stores various programs and data required for system operation. The CPU 601, ROM 602, and RAM 603 are interconnected via a bus 604. An input / output (I / O) interface 605 is also connected to the bus 604.

[0057] The following components are connected to I / O interface 605: an input section 606 including a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output section 607 including a cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and speakers, etc.; a storage section 608 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 609 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, modem, etc. The communication section 609 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 610 is also connected to I / O interface 605 as needed. A removable medium 611, such as a disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., is installed on drive 610 as needed so that computer programs read from it can be installed into storage section 608 as needed.

[0058] In particular, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of this disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable storage medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 609, and / or installed from removable medium 611. When the computer program is executed by central processing unit (CPU) 601, it performs the functions defined in the embodiments of this application.

[0059] For example, when the computer program is executed by the central processing unit (CPU) 601, it can perform the following: irradiate the insulating component to be tested with a shortwave irradiation source and collect the discharge signal generated by the insulating component under irradiation using an ultra-high frequency sensor; extract multiple signal parameters from the discharge signal and determine whether the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal based on the extracted signal parameters; when the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal, determine that the insulating component has an insulation defect.

[0060] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium disclosed herein may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination thereof. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example,—but not limited to—an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of a computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In this disclosure, a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. Computer-readable signal media can also be any computer-readable medium other than computer-readable storage media, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0061] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this disclosure. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or flowchart, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0062] The units described in the embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in software or hardware, and the described units can also be located in a processor. The names of these units do not necessarily limit the unit itself.

[0063] In another aspect, this application also provides a computer-readable medium, which may be included in the electronic device described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the electronic device. The computer-readable medium carries one or more programs, which include instructions that, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0064] It should be noted that although several modules or units for the device used to perform actions have been mentioned in the detailed description above, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiments of this application, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above can be embodied in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules or units.

[0065] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An insulation defect detection method characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: irradiating the insulation part to be detected by a short wave irradiation source, and collecting a discharge signal generated by the insulation part under irradiation by using a ultra-high frequency sensor; extracting a plurality of signal parameters from the discharge signal, and determining whether the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal according to the extracted signal parameters; when the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal, determining that the insulation part has an insulation defect.

2. The insulation defect detection method according to claim 1, characterized by, The collecting of the discharge signal generated by the insulation part under irradiation by using the ultra-high frequency sensor comprises the following steps: determining a detection window according to the pulse width of the short wave irradiation source, and determining the starting time of the detection window; controlling the ultra-high frequency sensor to collect the discharge signal according to the detection window from the starting time.

3. The insulation defect detection method according to claim 1, characterized by, Further comprising the following steps: collecting a background interference signal under the condition of no short wave irradiation, and extracting a signal feature of the background interference signal; comparing the discharge signal with the signal feature, and eliminating the signal in the discharge signal which has a matching degree higher than a preset threshold with the signal feature.

4. The insulation defect detection method according to claim 1, characterized by, The ultra-high frequency sensor comprises a dual-polarized antenna, and the collecting of the discharge signal generated by the insulation part under irradiation by using the ultra-high frequency sensor comprises the following steps: collecting a vertical polarization component and a horizontal polarization component of the discharge signal respectively, and determining a polarization feature difference; eliminating a background interference signal from the discharge signal based on the polarization feature difference.

5. The insulation defect detection method according to claim 1, characterized by, The extracting of the plurality of signal parameters from the discharge signal comprises the following steps: extracting a signal amplitude, a rise time, a pulse width and a phase correlation from the discharge signal to obtain signal parameters.

6. The insulation defect detection method according to claim 5, characterized by, The determining of whether the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal according to the extracted signal parameters comprises the following steps: weighting and summing the plurality of signal parameters according to a preset weight corresponding to each signal parameter to obtain a comprehensive score; determining whether the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal through the comprehensive score.

7. The insulation defect detection method according to claim 2, characterized by, Further comprising the following steps: collecting a background noise in real time, and determining a dynamic threshold according to a background noise amplitude; when the collected signal amplitude exceeds the dynamic threshold and is within the detection window, determining that the signal is a discharge signal.

8. The insulation defect detection method according to claim 2, characterized by, The short wave irradiation source emits X-ray pulses with a pulse width of 30-50 ns and a repetition frequency of 1-10 Hz, and the starting time is 200-500 μs after the short wave irradiation pulse.

9. An insulation defect detection apparatus characterized by comprising: The method comprises the following steps: a short wave irradiation module for irradiating the insulation part to be detected by a short wave irradiation source, and collecting a discharge signal generated by the insulation part under irradiation by using a ultra-high frequency sensor; a signal extraction module for extracting a plurality of signal parameters from the discharge signal, and determining whether the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal according to the extracted signal parameters; a signal detection module for determining that the insulation part has an insulation defect when the discharge signal is a valid discharge signal.

10. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device comprises a processor and a memory, and the memory stores one or more computer programs comprising instructions which, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the insulation defect detection method of any one of claims 1-8.

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