OPGW optical cable leading-down method for transformer substation in alpine region

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric power communication, and discloses an alpine region transformer substation OPGW optical cable leading-down method, which comprises the following steps: arranging a top suspension assembly to bear the dead weight of an OPGW optical cable; a sliding block array comprising a plurality of intelligent damping sliding blocks and a passive icebreaking guide sliding block is fixed to the OPGW optical cable; a sliding block array is embedded into the icing-proof special-shaped guide rail to limit a vertical sliding path; and the bottom constant-force tensioning assembly is connected with the tail end of the OPGW optical cable to apply continuous axial tension. Through cooperation of the bottom constant-force tensioning assembly and the sliding block array, when the OPGW optical cable stretches out and draws back due to temperature changes, the sliding block array is driven to slide along the guide rail to release thermal stress; vibration energy is absorbed through the multiple intelligent damping sliding blocks; and when the OPGW optical cable slides downwards due to cold contraction, the passive icebreaking guide sliding block is driven to crush and remove ice coated on the guide rail, so that the problems of thermal stress accumulation, vibration damage and failure of a low-temperature icing function in a traditional leading-down mode are solved, and the operation reliability of the system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power communication technology, specifically to a method for leading down OPGW optical cables to substations in high-altitude and cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] OPGW optical cables play a crucial role in power system communications. In substations in high-altitude and cold regions, OPGW optical cables need to be routed from the upper-level infrastructure to ground-based terminal equipment.

[0003] Existing OPGW fiber optic cable drop-off methods generally employ static, rigid fixing structures. These structures constrain the OPGW cable to a fixed position. The metallic materials of the OPGW cable expand and contract with changes in ambient temperature, and the rigid fixing method hinders the cable's free length expansion and contraction. This constraint generates and accumulates destructive thermal stress within the cable, threatening the safety of the cable structure and internal fiber optic units.

[0004] Meanwhile, vertically lowered OPGW optical cables are exposed to the natural environment and are susceptible to vibration caused by wind. Traditional down-draft fixing methods typically lack effective vibration damping measures. Prolonged reciprocating vibration of the OPGW optical cable can lead to metal fatigue, especially at suspension and fixing points, easily causing cable damage and reducing system reliability.

[0005] In high-altitude and cold regions, icing is a severe problem. Rain, snow, and freezing rain can form a hard layer of ice on the surface of the down-drop optical cable and its associated fixing and guiding structures. If the down-drop system includes a guide rail, the ice can block the rail, hindering the normal sliding of the guiding components. Once the rail is frozen, the optical cable's thermal stress relief function will fail, exacerbating the operational risks of the optical cable at low temperatures. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for leading down OPGW optical cables in substations in high-altitude and cold regions. This method solves the problems of thermal stress generated by temperature changes in OPGW optical cables being difficult to release and fatigue damage caused by wind-induced vibration in traditional static rigid leading-down methods. In particular, it solves the problem of the leading-down path freezing under high-altitude and icy conditions, leading to system malfunction.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for leading down OPGW optical cables to substations in high-altitude and cold regions, the method comprising:

[0008] First, a top suspension assembly is installed on the building's roof structure to support the vertical weight of the OPGW optical cable. In one embodiment, the top suspension assembly includes a rotationally damped suspension clamp that provides rotational freedom and initial vibration damping for the OPGW optical cable.

[0009] Next, a slider array is fixed to the OPGW optical cable. This slider array includes multiple smart damping sliders and a passive ice-breaking guide slider positioned vertically above all the smart damping sliders.

[0010] Subsequently, the slider array is embedded in an anti-icing shaped guide rail. The anti-icing shaped guide rail is set along the vertical down-leading path of the OPGW optical cable, defining a vertical sliding path for the slider array. In one embodiment, the cross-section of the anti-icing shaped guide rail has a V-groove structure, in which case the intelligent damping slider and the passive ice-breaking guide slider in the slider array both have sliding surfaces adapted to the V-groove structure.

[0011] Then, a bottom constant force tensioning assembly is connected to the end of the OPGW optical cable, the bottom constant force tensioning assembly applying a preset, continuous axial tensile force to the OPGW optical cable. In one embodiment, the bottom constant force tensioning assembly includes a constant force spring tensioner, the constant force spring tensioner having a flexible connecting strap connected to the end of the OPGW optical cable, and the axial tensile force is applied through a constant force spring reel.

[0012] After the above system is constructed, this method achieves dynamic protection of OPGW optical cables through the coordinated operation of various components:

[0013] Thermal stress relief: Through the coordination of the bottom constant force tensioning assembly and the slider array, when the OPGW optical cable expands or contracts due to temperature changes, the bottom constant force tensioning assembly automatically compensates for the length change. This compensation action drives the slider array to slide upward or downward along the anti-icing shaped guide rail as a whole, thereby releasing the thermal stress inside the OPGW optical cable.

[0014] Vibration suppression: When the OPGW optical cable vibrates, the mechanical energy of the vibration is converted into heat energy through the multiple intelligent damping sliders, thus achieving vibration suppression.

[0015] In one embodiment, the intelligent damping slider includes an outer shell, an inner liner clamp fixed to the OPGW optical cable, and a highly damping viscoelastic material filled in the cavity between the outer shell and the inner liner clamp. When the OPGW optical cable vibrates, causing the inner liner clamp to move relative to the outer shell, the highly damping viscoelastic material undergoes shear deformation, thereby converting mechanical energy into heat energy.

[0016] To suppress multi-stage vibrations in OPGW optical cables, the multiple intelligent damping sliders can be arrayed at predetermined intervals along the length of the OPGW optical cable, simultaneously absorbing and dissipating vibration energy at multiple discrete points along the entire length of the OPGW optical cable.

[0017] To reduce sliding resistance, the housing of the intelligent damping slider can be made of a material with a low coefficient of friction.

[0018] Ice removal: The passive ice-breaking guide slider breaks and removes the ice layer on the sliding contact surface of the anti-icing irregular guide rail as the OPGW optical cable slides downward due to cold contraction.

[0019] In one embodiment, the passive ice-breaking guide slider, facing the anti-icing profiled guide rail, is integrally formed with a wedge-shaped ice-breaking structure. The mechanical force required to drive the passive ice-breaking guide slider to perform the ice-breaking action originates from the downward displacement force generated by the bottom constant force tensioning assembly pulling the OPGW optical cable and the slider array when the OPGW optical cable contracts. This downward displacement force drives the wedge-shaped ice-breaking structure to wedge into the ice layer, applying concentrated mechanical stress to the ice layer and causing it to break.

[0020] To ensure the ice-breaking effect, the passive ice-breaking guide slider can be made of engineering materials with high hardness and high wear resistance.

[0021] Finally, this method also includes a terminal switching step: after connecting the OPGW optical cable to the bottom constant force tension assembly, it is introduced into a ground terminal assembly set at ground level. In the optical cable junction box of the ground terminal assembly, the optical fiber unit switching between the OPGW optical cable and the station communication optical cable is realized.

[0022] This invention provides a method for leading down OPGW optical cables to substations in high-altitude and cold regions. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. This invention sets up a bottom constant force tensioning assembly that works in conjunction with a slider array that can slide on an anti-icing irregular guide rail. When the OPGW optical cable stretches or contracts due to temperature changes, the constant force tensioning assembly can drive the slider array to produce corresponding displacement, converting the length change of the optical cable into overall vertical sliding, keeping the axial tension of the optical cable constant, and avoiding the accumulation of thermal stress inside the optical cable that could cause damage.

[0024] 2. This invention uses an array of intelligent damping sliders distributed on the OPGW optical cable. When the OPGW optical cable vibrates due to wind, the vibration energy is absorbed by the high-damping viscoelastic material inside the sliders at multiple discrete points, and the mechanical energy is converted into heat energy for dissipation. This distributed energy dissipation method suppresses the multi-order vibration of the OPGW optical cable and reduces the metal fatigue of the optical cable.

[0025] 3. This invention sets a passive ice-breaking guide slider at the top of the slider array. Utilizing the downward pull generated by the cold contraction of the OPGW optical cable, this slider is driven to slide downwards before all the intelligent damping sliders, breaking and removing the ice layer on the sliding surface of the anti-icing irregular guide rail. This clears a smooth sliding path for the subsequent sliders, ensuring the functional reliability of the entire guide system in low-temperature icing environments. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an OPGW optical cable downleading system for a substation in a cold region according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top suspension assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom constant force tensioning assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration damping assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the intelligent damping slider and the anti-icing irregular guide rail of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the passive ice-breaking guide slider and the anti-icing irregular guide rail of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the passive ice-breaking guide slider of the present invention.

[0033] Among them, 100 is the top suspension assembly; 110 is the fixed bracket; 120 is the rotary damping suspension clamp; 121 is the rotary component; 122 is the damping element; 123 is the clamp body; 200 is the bottom constant force tensioning assembly; 210 is the mounting base; 220 is the constant force spring tensioner; 221 is the housing; 222 is the constant force spring reel; 223 is the flexible connecting belt; 300 is the vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration damping assembly; 310 is the anti-icing irregular guide rail; 320 is the intelligent damping slider; 321 is the outer shell; 322 is the inner lining clamp; 323 is the high damping viscoelastic material; 330 is the passive ice-breaking guide slider; 331 is the wedge-shaped ice-breaking structure; 400 is the ground terminal assembly; and 410 is the optical cable junction box. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] This invention provides a method for leading down OPGW optical cables to substations in high-altitude and cold regions. The method replaces the traditional static and rigid fixing method by constructing a collaborative working system that integrates dynamic tensioning, adaptive guidance, vibration suppression, and torsion control, thereby achieving comprehensive and dynamic protection for OPGW optical cables in complex environments.

[0036] See attached document Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an OPGW optical cable down-leading system for a substation in a high-altitude and cold region, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The down-leading system provided by the present invention includes: a top suspension assembly 100, a bottom constant force tensioning assembly 200, a vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration damping assembly 300, and a ground terminal assembly 400.

[0037] The top suspension assembly 100 is installed at the OPGW optical cable drop-off point on the substation roof structure. The top suspension assembly 100 is used to support the vertical weight of the OPGW optical cable and to provide a suspension point with rotation and initial vibration buffering capabilities for the optical cable.

[0038] The bottom constant force tension assembly 200 is installed at a predetermined position on the exterior wall near the ground. The bottom constant force tension assembly 200 is connected to the end of the OPGW optical cable and is used to apply a preset, continuous axial tension to the OPGW optical cable.

[0039] The vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration damping assembly 300 is installed along the vertical down-path of the OPGW optical cable. The vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration damping assembly 300 includes an anti-icing profiled guide rail 310 installed along the wall, and a slider array mounted on the OPGW optical cable and cooperating with the anti-icing profiled guide rail 310. The slider array includes multiple intelligent damping sliders 320 and a passive ice-breaking guide slider 330.

[0040] The ground terminal assembly 400 is positioned at a ground height that maintenance personnel can access without climbing. The ground terminal assembly 400 includes an optical cable junction box for connecting the OPGW optical cable to the on-site communication optical cable.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, constant tension refers to the technical action of the bottom constant tension assembly 200 applying an axial tensile force with a basically constant value to the OPGW optical cable within its preset working stroke when the OPGW optical cable elongates or shortens due to temperature changes.

[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, self-cleaning guidance is a composite function description. This description includes both a guiding function and a self-cleaning function. The guiding function refers to the anti-icing profiled guide rail 310 providing a defined vertical sliding path for the OPGW optical cable. The self-cleaning function refers to the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 moving along the sliding contact surface of the anti-icing profiled guide rail 310 and removing the ice layer on the sliding contact surface when it is displaced downward due to the cold contraction of the OPGW optical cable.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, passive icebreaking refers to the passive icebreaking guide slider 330 not having its own power source. The mechanical force required for this slider to perform the icebreaking action comes from the downward displacement force generated when the OPGW optical cable is pulled by the bottom constant force tension assembly 200 during cold contraction, which pulls the OPGW optical cable and this slider.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, the anti-icing irregular-shaped guide rail 310 refers to a guide rail with a specific cross-sectional shape. This specific cross-sectional shape is unfavorable for the adhesion and accumulation of rain, snow, ice, and frost; for example, a V-shaped cross-section or an acute-angled ridge cross-section. This guide rail provides a sliding path for the slider array.

[0045] In this embodiment of the invention, the intelligent damping slider 320 refers to a slider internally integrated with a high-damping viscoelastic material. When the OPGW optical cable vibrates, the high-damping viscoelastic material within this slider undergoes shear deformation, converting the mechanical energy of the vibration into heat energy, thereby suppressing the vibration of the optical cable. Here, "intelligent" refers to this adaptive damping function based on physical principles.

[0046] See attached document Figure 1 One embodiment of the present invention provides a down-running system installed on the exterior wall of a building for running OPGW optical cables from the building's roof structure to a ground terminal.

[0047] This downlift system includes: a top suspension assembly 100, a bottom constant tension assembly 200, a vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration damping assembly 300, and a ground terminal assembly 400.

[0048] The top suspension assembly 100 is fixed to the OPGW fiber optic cable drop-off point on the building's roof structure. The drop-off section of the OPGW fiber optic cable begins at the top suspension assembly 100.

[0049] The bottom constant tension assembly 200 is fixed to the exterior wall near the ground. The end of the OPGW optical cable is connected to the bottom constant tension assembly 200.

[0050] The vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration damping assembly 300 is fixed to the exterior wall of the building along a vertical path between the top suspension assembly 100 and the bottom constant force tension assembly 200. The OPGW optical cable runs through the vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration damping assembly 300.

[0051] The ground terminal assembly 400 is fixed at a ground height near the bottom constant force tension assembly 200. After passing the bottom constant force tension assembly 200, the OPGW optical cable is introduced into the ground terminal assembly 400.

[0052] See attached document Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a top suspension assembly 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The top suspension assembly 100 of the present invention includes a fixed bracket 110 and a rotation damping suspension clamp 120.

[0053] The fixed bracket 110 is fixed to the steel structure of the building roof by bolts. The rotation damping suspension clamp 120 is connected to the bottom of the fixed bracket 110.

[0054] The rotary damping suspension clamp 120 includes a clamp body 123. A protective strip for clamping the OPGW optical cable is provided inside the clamp body 123. A rotating assembly 121 and a damping element 122 are provided at the connection between the clamp body 123 and the fixing bracket 110.

[0055] The drop section of the OPGW optical cable passes through the rotating damping suspension clamp 120. The vertical weight of the OPGW optical cable is transferred to the steel structure of the building roof through the rotating damping suspension clamp 120 and the fixed support 110.

[0056] The rotating assembly 121 provides a small range of rotational degrees of freedom for the rotationally damped suspension clamp 120. The damping element 122 is made of rubber and is used to absorb some of the vibration energy when the OPGW optical cable vibrates.

[0057] See attached document Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bottom constant force tensioning assembly 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The bottom constant force tensioning assembly 200 of the present invention includes a mounting base 210 and a constant force spring tensioner 220.

[0058] The mounting base 210 is fixed to the exterior wall of the building near the ground by expansion bolts. A constant force spring tensioner 220 is mounted on the mounting base 210.

[0059] The constant force spring tensioner 220 includes a housing 221, a constant force spring reel 222 disposed within the housing 221, and a flexible connecting belt 223 connected to the constant force spring reel 222 and extendable or retractable from the housing 221.

[0060] The end of the OPGW optical cable is connected to the end of the flexible connecting strip 223 via an end connector 230.

[0061] During the extension or retraction of the flexible connecting strip 223, the constant force spring reel 222 consistently applies a preset, substantially constant tension to the flexible connecting strip 223. This tension is transmitted to the end of the OPGW optical cable through the flexible connecting strip 223 and the end connector 230.

[0062] See attached document Figure 1 and attached Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration damping assembly 300. The vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration damping assembly 300 of this embodiment includes an anti-icing shaped guide rail 310 and a slider array mounted on the OPGW optical cable and moving in coordination with the anti-icing shaped guide rail 310.

[0063] The anti-icing profiled guide rail 310 is made of corrosion-resistant metal profile and is vertically fixed to the exterior wall of a building via multiple connecting brackets. The cross-section of the anti-icing profiled guide rail 310 has a V-groove structure. This V-groove structure provides a defined vertical sliding path for the slider array.

[0064] The slider array includes multiple smart damping sliders 320 and a passive ice-breaking guide slider 330.

[0065] See attached document Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view showing the mating of the intelligent damping slider 320 and the anti-icing shaped guide rail 310. The intelligent damping slider 320 includes a housing 321, an inner clamp 322, and a high-damping viscoelastic material 323 filled in the cavity between the housing 321 and the inner clamp 322. The housing 321 is made of a material with a low coefficient of friction, and its inner sliding surface matches the V-groove structure of the anti-icing shaped guide rail 310. The inner clamp 322 is used to fix the intelligent damping slider 320 at a predetermined position on the OPGW optical cable. Multiple intelligent damping sliders 320 are arranged in an array along the OPGW optical cable at predetermined intervals.

[0066] See attached document Figure 6 and attached Figure 7 , Figure 6 A cross-sectional view showing the mating of the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 and the anti-icing irregular guide rail 310. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the working state of the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330. The passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 is made of engineering materials with high hardness and high wear resistance. The passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 does not contain high-damping viscoelastic materials internally.

[0067] The passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 faces the anti-icing irregular guide rail 310 and has an integrally formed wedge-shaped ice-breaking structure 331. The geometry of the wedge-shaped ice-breaking structure 331 is adapted to the V-groove structure of the anti-icing irregular guide rail 310.

[0068] In one embodiment of the invention, the downlink system is equipped with only one passive ice-breaking guide slider 330. The passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 is mounted on the OPGW optical cable, and its vertical mounting position is above all the smart damping sliders 320, that is, the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 is the slider in the slider array that is closest to the top suspension assembly 100.

[0069] See attached document Figure 1 The ground terminal assembly 400 of this embodiment of the invention includes an optical cable junction box 410 and a fixed bracket 420.

[0070] The ground terminal assembly 400 is fixed to the exterior wall of the building by a fixing bracket 420. The installation height of the ground terminal assembly 400 is set at a position where maintenance personnel can operate it while standing on the ground.

[0071] The end of the OPGW optical cable is introduced into the optical cable junction box 410 after being connected to the bottom constant force tension assembly 200.

[0072] Inside the optical cable junction box 410, the optical fiber units in the OPGW optical cable are fused with the optical fiber units of the communication optical cable introduced into the substation, thereby realizing optical path switching.

[0073] The working function of the guide system is achieved through a series of coordinated mechanical actions between the top suspension assembly 100, the bottom constant force tensioning assembly 200, and the vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration damping assembly 300.

[0074] The triggering system of this invention utilizes the physical condition of ambient temperature change as the system's trigger input.

[0075] The length of the OPGW optical cable elongates or shortens with changes in ambient temperature. The bottom constant force tensioning assembly 200 utilizes the change in the length of the optical cable to drive the vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration damping assembly 300 to produce a corresponding displacement.

[0076] Through the linkage between the above-mentioned assemblies, the system realizes the release of thermal stress on the OPGW optical cable, the suppression of wind-induced vibration, and the self-cleaning of the sliding track under high-altitude and icy conditions.

[0077] This section details the working mechanism of the downleading system in releasing thermal stress on the OPGW optical cable in response to changes in ambient temperature. This mechanism is achieved through the synergistic effect of the bottom constant force tensioning assembly 200 and the vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration damping assembly 300.

[0078] When the ambient temperature rises, the length of the vertical drop section of the OPGW optical cable increases due to the thermal expansion of the material. This increase in length reduces the tension applied to the bottom constant force tensioning assembly 200. In response, the constant force spring tensioner 220 within the bottom constant force tensioning assembly 200 automatically retracts the flexible connecting strip 223 until the preset tension value on the OPGW optical cable is restored. During this process, all intelligent damping sliders 320 and passive ice-breaking guide sliders 330 fixed to the OPGW optical cable slide upwards along the anti-icing guide rail 310.

[0079] When the ambient temperature decreases, the length of the vertical drop section of the OPGW optical cable shortens due to the material's contraction effect. This shortening increases the tension applied to the bottom constant force tension assembly 200. The OPGW optical cable pulls the flexible connecting strip 223 downwards, causing it to extend from the constant force spring tensioner 220 until the tension on the optical cable returns to the preset value. During this process, all the intelligent damping sliders 320 and passive ice-breaking guide sliders 330 fixed to the OPGW optical cable slide downwards along the anti-icing guide rail 310.

[0080] Through the above process, the length change of the OPGW optical cable is converted into the vertical displacement of the entire optical cable and slider array along the guide rail. The bottom constant force tension assembly 200 ensures that the axial tension on the OPGW optical cable is always maintained near a preset constant value, thereby avoiding destructive thermal stress inside the optical cable due to temperature changes.

[0081] This section describes in detail the working mechanism of the downdraft system for suppressing wind-induced vibrations in OPGW optical cables. This mechanism is achieved through multiple intelligent damping sliders 320 arranged in an array on the OPGW optical cable.

[0082] When wind forces act on the OPGW optical cable, the OPGW optical cable will experience lateral vibration. Since the smart damping slider 320 is fixed to the OPGW optical cable through the inner clamp 322, the vibration of the OPGW optical cable will be synchronously transmitted to each smart damping slider 320.

[0083] The inner clamp 322 of the intelligent damping slider 320 moves relative to the outer shell 321. This relative movement causes the highly damped viscoelastic material 323 filled between the two to undergo shear deformation.

[0084] During shear deformation, the high-damping viscoelastic material 323 irreversibly converts the input vibrational mechanical energy into heat energy, which is then dissipated into the surrounding environment. This energy conversion process allows the vibrational energy of the OPGW optical cable to be absorbed, thereby suppressing the vibration amplitude.

[0085] Because multiple intelligent damping sliders 320 are distributed at predetermined intervals along the length of the OPGW optical cable, vibration energy is simultaneously absorbed and dissipated at multiple discrete points along the entire length of the cable. This multi-point distributed energy dissipation structure is used to suppress multi-order vibrations generated at different locations in the optical cable, thereby reducing metal fatigue damage caused by long-term vibration.

[0086] This section describes in detail the self-cleaning and ice-breaking mechanism of the system under high-altitude, icy conditions. (See appendix.) Figure 7 This mechanism is achieved through the synergistic effect of the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 and the bottom constant force tensioning assembly 200.

[0087] When the ambient temperature drops below freezing, an ice layer forms on the surface of the V-groove of the anti-icing guide rail 310.

[0088] Simultaneously, the low temperature causes the OPGW fiber optic cable to shrink. The bottom constant force tension assembly 200 pulls the OPGW fiber optic cable downwards. This downward sliding provides the mechanical force required for the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 to perform the ice-breaking action.

[0089] The passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 is fixed to the OPGW optical cable, and its vertical mounting position is above all the smart damping sliders 320. This configuration makes the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 the first slider in the array to slide downwards.

[0090] See attached document Figure 5 The downward force provided by the bottom constant force tensioning assembly 200 drives the wedge-shaped ice-breaking structure 331 of the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 to wedge into the ice layer on the surface of the anti-icing irregular guide rail 310.

[0091] The wedge-shaped ice-breaking structure 331, with its specific geometry, applies concentrated mechanical stress to the ice layer. This structure is made of a high-hardness material. This mechanical stress causes the ice layer to break apart and peel off from the sliding surface of the anti-icing profiled guide rail 310.

[0092] This ice-breaking action occurs before all the smart damping sliders 320 reach this position. The passive ice-breaking guides the downward movement of the slider 330, clearing a smooth sliding path for all subsequent smart damping sliders 320 without ice obstruction.

[0093] This process ensures that the entire slider array can still slide freely along the anti-icing profiled guide rail 310 even under low-temperature icing conditions. This function guarantees that the temperature difference adaptation and thermal stress release mechanisms operate normally in low-temperature icing environments.

[0094] This invention provides an installation method for an OPGW optical cable downleading system in a substation in a cold region. The first step of this method, the installation of the base and the guide rail, includes the following actions:

[0095] On the exterior wall of the building, a vertical reference line is marked using a laser plumb line according to the design drawings, which is used for the positioning of subsequent assemblies.

[0096] Install the fixed bracket 110 of the top suspension assembly 100 at the predetermined drop-off point on the steel structure of the building's roof using bolt connections. After installation, tighten all connecting bolts.

[0097] At a predetermined location on the wall near the ground, install the mounting base 210 of the bottom constant force tension assembly 200 using expansion bolts. The center line of the mounting base 210 coincides with the vertical reference line.

[0098] Along the vertical baseline, the anti-icing irregular guide rail 310 is fixed to the exterior wall of the building using multiple connecting brackets. If the anti-icing irregular guide rail 310 is segmented, it is necessary to ensure that the joints between each segment are smooth and that the V-groove openings of the guide rail face outwards.

[0099] Near the mounting base 210 of the bottom constant force tension assembly 200, a fixing bracket 420 for mounting the ground terminal assembly 400 is installed.

[0100] The second step of the installation method in this embodiment of the invention, the pre-assembly of the optical cable and the slider, includes the following actions:

[0101] Lay the OPGW fiber optic cable flat on the ground. Mark the installation positions of all sliders on the OPGW fiber optic cable using a marking tool, according to the spacing determined in the design drawings.

[0102] At the top of the slider array, install the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330. Secure this passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 to the OPGW optical cable using fasteners.

[0103] At all remaining installation locations below the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330, multiple intelligent damping sliders 320 are installed sequentially at predetermined intervals.

[0104] The installation of each smart damping slider 320 involves using the inner clamp 322 to fix the smart damping slider 320 to the corresponding installation position on the OPGW optical cable.

[0105] After all sliders are installed, perform an inspection. Ensure that the V-groove openings of all sliders face the same direction and that the inner clamps 322 of all sliders are tightened. This step completes the assembly of a pre-assembled OPGW optical cable with the slider array.

[0106] The third step of the installation method in this embodiment of the invention, system hoisting and integration, includes the following actions:

[0107] Using hoisting equipment, the OPGW optical cable assembly pre-assembled with the slider array formed in the second step is lifted to the building roof. The OPGW optical cable is then passed through the rotary damping suspension clamp 120 and secured according to the operating procedures. The rotary damping suspension clamp 120 is already mounted on the fixed bracket 110.

[0108] During the slow lowering of the OPGW optical cable assembly by the hoisting equipment, the operator aligns the sliding surfaces of the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 and all the intelligent damping sliders 320 on the OPGW optical cable with and embeds them into the V-groove structure of the anti-icing special-shaped guide rail 310.

[0109] Install the constant force spring tensioner 220 onto the fixed mounting base 210.

[0110] The end of the OPGW optical cable is connected to the flexible connecting strip 223 of the constant force spring tensioner 220 via the end connector 230. The tension of the hoisting equipment is released, allowing the constant force spring tensioner 220 to apply a preset constant tension to the OPGW optical cable.

[0111] Install the optical cable junction box 410 onto the fixed bracket 420.

[0112] The fourth step of the installation method in this embodiment of the invention, terminal switching, includes the following actions:

[0113] The end of the OPGW optical cable is guided from the bottom constant tension assembly 200 and introduced into the installed optical cable junction box 410.

[0114] According to the fiber optic fusion splicing process specifications, the end of the OPGW optical cable is stripped to expose the fiber unit.

[0115] At the same time, the communication optical cable led out from the substation is introduced into the optical cable junction box 410, and the communication optical cable is stripped to expose the optical fiber unit.

[0116] A fiber optic fusion splicer is used to splice the fiber optic units of the OPGW optical cable to the fiber optic units of the communication optical cable core by core.

[0117] Fit the completed fiber optic splice with a heat-shrinkable protective tube and heat it to secure it. Then coil the secured splice and place it in the fiber fusion tray of the fiber optic splice box 410.

[0118] After all optical fibers have been spliced ​​and coiled, the optical cable junction box 410 is sealed. This action completes the installation and optical path conversion of the OPGW optical cable down-running system.

[0119] See attached document Figures 1 to 7The OPGW optical cable downleading system for substations in high-altitude and cold regions disclosed in this invention achieves specific technical effects through the structural combination of the aforementioned top suspension assembly 100, bottom constant force tensioning assembly 200, vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration reduction assembly 300, and ground terminal assembly 400.

[0120] The bottom constant force tensioning assembly 200 works in conjunction with the slider array of the vertical self-cleaning guide and vibration damping assembly 300. When the OPGW optical cable expands or contracts due to temperature changes, the constant force spring tensioner 220 automatically compensates for this length change, driving the slider array to slide vertically along the anti-icing profiled guide rail 310. This structure ensures that the tension on the OPGW optical cable remains at a preset constant value, preventing damage caused by the accumulation of thermal stress inside the OPGW optical cable.

[0121] Multiple intelligent damping sliders 320 are arrayed along the OPGW optical cable. When the OPGW optical cable vibrates due to wind, the vibration energy is transferred to the intelligent damping sliders 320. The high-damping viscoelastic material 323 inside the intelligent damping sliders 320 undergoes shear deformation, converting the mechanical energy of the vibration into heat energy for dissipation. This distributed energy dissipation structure suppresses multi-order vibrations of the OPGW optical cable and reduces metal fatigue in the OPGW optical cable.

[0122] A passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 is installed at the top of the slider array. Under low-temperature icing conditions, the OPGW optical cable shrinks and drives the slider array to slide downwards. The wedge-shaped ice-breaking structure 331 of the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 moves before all the intelligent damping sliders 320, using downward mechanical force to break and remove ice from the V-groove of the anti-icing guide rail 310. This action ensures that the slider array can still slide under icing conditions, guaranteeing the realization of the thermal stress relief function.

[0123] The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific implementation methods described above.

[0124] In a modified embodiment, the constant force spring tensioner 220 in the bottom constant force tensioning assembly 200 can be replaced with a counterweight constant force tensioning device. The counterweight constant force tensioning device uses the weight of a gravity block to provide a constant tension to the OPGW optical cable.

[0125] In another modified embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the anti-icing irregular guide rail 310 is not limited to a V-groove structure, but can also be a U-groove structure. In this case, the sliding surface geometry of the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 is adapted to the U-groove structure, corresponding to the sliding surface geometry of the intelligent damping slider 320.

[0126] In yet another modified embodiment, the outer shell 321 of the intelligent damping slider 320 may be made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to reduce the coefficient of sliding friction.

[0127] In an optional variation, the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330 is replaced by an active electrically heated ice-breaking slider. This active electrically heated ice-breaking slider integrates a resistive heating unit and a temperature sensor. A separate power cable supplies power to this slider. When the temperature sensor detects that the ambient temperature is below a preset freezing point threshold, the control circuit activates the resistive heating unit. The heat generated by the resistive heating unit is conducted to the contact surface between the slider and the anti-icing guide rail 310. This heating melts the ice layer on the contact surface, ensuring a smooth sliding path.

[0128] In another optional variant embodiment, the damping mechanism of the intelligent damping slider 320 employs an eddy current damping structure. In this structure, a permanent magnet array is fixedly mounted on the inner liner clamp 322. A non-ferromagnetic, highly conductive plate is fixedly mounted on the outer shell 321 at a position corresponding to the permanent magnet array. When the OPGW optical cable vibrates, causing the inner liner clamp 322 to move relative to the outer shell 321, relative motion occurs between the permanent magnet array and the conductive plate, inducing eddy currents in the conductive plate. The magnetic field generated by the eddy currents interacts with the magnetic field of the permanent magnets, producing a damping force opposite to the direction of relative motion. This damping force converts the vibrational kinetic energy into electrical energy and dissipates it as heat in the conductive plate.

[0129] In another alternative embodiment, a superhydrophobic coating is applied to the sliding surface of the anti-icing profiled guide rail 310. This superhydrophobic coating is a nanocomposite-based coating. This coating increases the contact angle of water droplets on the guide rail surface, reducing the adhesion between the ice layer and the guide rail surface. This structure allows the ice layer to peel off from the guide rail surface when subjected to the mechanical force applied by the passive ice-breaking guide slider 330.

[0130] In another alternative embodiment, the rotary damping suspension clamp 120 in the top suspension assembly 100 has a damping element made of a metal-rubber material. The metal-rubber material is made of a specific arrangement of helical metal wires. This material dissipates vibrational energy through dry friction between the wires. This type of damping element has a wide operating temperature range and anti-aging properties.

Claims

1. A method for leading down OPGW optical cables to substations in high-altitude and cold regions, characterized in that, include: S1. Install the top suspension assembly on the building's roof structure to support the vertical weight of the OPGW optical cable; S2. Fix the slider array to the OPGW optical cable. The slider array includes multiple smart damping sliders and a passive ice-breaking guide slider disposed above the multiple smart damping sliders. S3. Embed the slider array into the anti-icing irregular guide rail, which is set along the vertical down-leading path of the OPGW optical cable to limit the vertical sliding path. S4. Connect the bottom constant force tensioning assembly to the end of the OPGW optical cable and apply a preset, continuous axial tension. S5. Through the coordination of the bottom constant force tensioning assembly and the slider array, when the OPGW optical cable experiences length expansion and contraction due to temperature changes, the length change is automatically compensated, and the slider array is driven to slide along the anti-icing irregular guide rail to release thermal stress. S6. By using the multiple intelligent damping sliders, when the OPGW optical cable vibrates, the mechanical energy of the vibration is converted into heat energy to suppress the vibration; S7. By using the passive ice-breaking guide slider, the ice layer on the sliding contact surface of the anti-icing irregular guide rail is broken and removed when the OPGW optical cable slides downward due to cold contraction. S8. After connecting the OPGW optical cable to the bottom constant force tension assembly, introduce it into the ground terminal assembly set at ground level. In the optical cable junction box of the ground terminal assembly, realize the optical fiber unit conversion between the OPGW optical cable and the station communication optical cable.

2. The method for leading down OPGW optical cable to a substation in a cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom constant force tensioning assembly includes a constant force spring tensioner, which includes a constant force spring reel and a flexible connecting strap; the flexible connecting strap is connected to the end of the OPGW optical cable for performing step S4.

3. The method for leading down OPGW optical cable to a substation in a cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent damping slider includes an outer shell, an inner lining clamp fixed to the OPGW optical cable, and a high-damping viscoelastic material filled in the cavity between the outer shell and the inner lining clamp. In step S6, when the OPGW optical cable vibrates and causes the inner lining clamp to move relative to the outer shell, the high-damping viscoelastic material undergoes shear deformation, thereby converting mechanical energy into thermal energy.

4. The method for leading down OPGW optical cable to a substation in a high-altitude, cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that, The passive ice-breaking guide slider faces the anti-icing irregular guide rail and has an integrally formed wedge-shaped ice-breaking structure. In step S7, the downward sliding of the OPGW optical cable drives the wedge-shaped ice-breaking structure to wedge into the ice layer, applying concentrated mechanical stress to the ice layer and causing it to break.

5. The method for leading down OPGW optical cable to a substation in a cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the anti-icing irregular-shaped guide rail has a V-groove structure; The intelligent damping slider and the passive ice-breaking guide slider in the slider array both have sliding surfaces adapted to the V-groove structure.

6. The method for leading down OPGW optical cable to a substation in a cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top suspension assembly includes a rotary damping suspension clamp that provides rotational freedom and initial vibration buffering for the OPGW optical cable.

7. The method for leading down OPGW optical cable to a substation in a high-altitude, cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the multiple intelligent damping sliders are arranged in an array at predetermined intervals along the length of the OPGW optical cable, simultaneously absorbing and dissipating vibration energy at multiple discrete points along the entire length of the OPGW optical cable, thereby suppressing multi-order vibrations of the OPGW optical cable.

8. The method for leading down OPGW optical cable to a substation in a cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S7, the mechanical force required to drive the passive ice-breaking guide slider to perform the ice-breaking action comes from the downward displacement force generated by the bottom constant force tensioning assembly pulling the OPGW optical cable and the slider array when the OPGW optical cable is cold-shrinking.

9. The method for leading down OPGW optical cable to a substation in a cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent damping slider has a shell made of a low-friction coefficient material to reduce the frictional resistance when the slider array slides along the anti-icing irregular guide rail.

10. The method for leading down OPGW optical cable to a substation in a cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that, The passive ice-breaking guide slider is made of high-hardness, high-wear-resistant engineering materials.

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