Energy-saving control method for environmental chamber

Abstract

The invention discloses an environmental chamber energy-saving control method. A multi-chamber system is provided with a master control unit, a shared refrigeration module, a shared heating module, a shared ventilation module, a temperature detection module, an air duct switching module, a shared air duct and an energy consumption monitoring module. A multi-cabin system is adopted to configure a general control unit to plan all modules to work cooperatively, an initialization setting stage is that operation parameters are defined, a shared ventilation module is started to construct closed-loop airflow circulation, and stable circulation of airflow is ensured; a temperature data acquisition link provides an accurate basis for subsequent adjustment, and blind control is avoided; adjusting links of the heating module and the refrigerating module are shared, on-demand operation is achieved by means of comparison and judgment of the master control unit, repeated energy consumption of traditional single-cabin independent equipment is avoided, and the device has the advantage of being good in energy-saving effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental cabin control technology, specifically to an energy-saving control method for environmental cabins. Background Technology

[0002] VOC environmental chambers are core equipment used to detect the release of volatile organic compounds from materials. In the existing technology, four 1m³ VOC environmental chambers are usually configured in a "single chamber independent configuration" mode: each chamber is equipped with a separate refrigeration compressor, heating pipe, circulating fan and independent air duct, resulting in a total equipment power of up to 16KW and serious energy waste. At the same time, the dispersed equipment layout requires a large space, and the temperature control accuracy is easily affected when multiple sets of equipment are running in parallel (fluctuation of more than ±1℃), resulting in many maintenance points and high costs.

[0003] Some existing 4-compartment VOC environmental chamber systems on the market have a single compartment with a refrigeration compressor power of 800W, a heating element power of 1200W, and a circulating fan power of 0.5KW, for a total power of 2.5KW per compartment and a total power of 10KW for all four compartments (excluding air ducts and control units). With the addition of auxiliary equipment, the total power reaches 16KW. It consumes 192 kWh of electricity in 12 hours of operation, resulting in high energy costs. Furthermore, the four sets of equipment are installed separately, occupying an area of ​​approximately 15㎡, which results in low space utilization.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to redesign and modify the energy-saving control method of the environmental cabin to effectively prevent it from having poor energy-saving effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention aims to provide an energy-saving control method for an environmental cabin, which has the advantage of good energy-saving effect.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an energy-saving control method for an environmental chamber, comprising a multi-chamber system configuration control unit, a shared cooling module, a shared heating module, a shared ventilation module, a temperature detection module, an air duct switching module, a shared air duct, and an energy consumption monitoring module, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Initialization settings: Set the target temperature and energy consumption control threshold through the multi-compartment system configuration control unit, control the air duct switching module to open the corresponding air valves of all environmental compartments, and start the shared ventilation module to drive the airflow to circulate in a closed loop between the shared air duct and each environmental compartment.

[0008] S2: Temperature data acquisition: The internal temperature data of the four environmental chambers is acquired in real time through the temperature detection module, and the temperature data is transmitted to the multi-chamber system configuration control unit.

[0009] S3: Shared heating module adjustment: The multi-compartment system configuration central control unit compares the collected temperature of each environmental compartment with the target temperature. If the temperature of any environmental compartment is lower than the lower limit of the target temperature, the shared heating module is controlled to perform jogging heating at a preset cycle until the temperature of that environmental compartment reaches the target temperature.

[0010] S4: Shared cooling module adjustment: If the temperature of any environmental chamber is higher than the target temperature limit, the central control unit controls the shared cooling module to start and output cooling air to the shared air duct until the temperature of the environmental chamber drops to the target temperature, and then controls the shared cooling module to stop.

[0011] S5: Dynamic switching of air ducts: When a certain environmental chamber needs to be shut down for maintenance, the central control unit controls the air duct switching module to close the corresponding air valve of the environmental chamber, while the other environmental chambers remain connected to the shared air duct and continue to execute steps S2-S4.

[0012] S6: Energy consumption closed-loop regulation: During the execution of steps S2-S5, the total current and voltage data of the system are collected in real time through the energy consumption monitoring module, the total energy consumption is calculated and transmitted to the main control unit. If the total energy consumption exceeds the upper limit of the energy consumption control threshold, the main control unit extends the power-off time of the shared heating module. If the total energy consumption is lower than the lower limit of the energy consumption control threshold, the power-off time of the shared heating module is shortened to maintain the total energy consumption stable within the energy consumption control threshold range.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preset cycle is "30 seconds of power-on to 60 seconds of power-off", the rated power of the shared heating module is 3000W, and the multi-compartment system is configured with a central control unit that acquires feedback data from the temperature detection module every 10 seconds and determines whether to stop the intermittent heating.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rated power of the shared cooling module is 500W. After the multi-compartment system is configured with a central control unit to control the shared cooling module to start, it acquires the temperature data of the corresponding environmental compartment every 30 seconds. When the temperature drops to the target temperature range, it immediately controls the shared cooling module to stop.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the energy consumption monitoring module has a preset upper limit of energy consumption control threshold of 7.2KW and a lower limit of energy consumption control threshold of 6.8KW. When the total energy consumption is >7.2KW, the power outage time of the shared heating module is extended to 90 seconds, and when the total energy consumption is <6.8KW, the power outage time is shortened to 45 seconds.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rated power of the shared ventilation module is 0.37KW, and it continues to operate after startup, with the airflow circulation speed in the shared duct being 1.2m / s-1.5m / s.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air valve of the air duct switching module is an electric air valve. The multi-compartment system is configured with a central control unit to control the air valve with a response time of ≤1 second. After the air valve is closed, the sealing degree between the corresponding environmental compartment and the shared air duct is ≥98%, avoiding affecting the temperature stability of other environmental compartments. The multi-compartment system is configured with a central control unit to adjust the operating frequency of the shared cooling module according to the difference between the environmental compartment temperature and the target temperature. When the temperature difference is >1℃, the frequency is set to 50Hz, and when the temperature difference is ≤1℃, the frequency is set to 30Hz-40Hz.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. This invention employs a multi-compartment system configuration with a central control unit to coordinate the collaborative work of various modules. During the initial setup phase, operating parameters are clearly defined, and the shared ventilation module is activated to construct a closed-loop airflow circulation, ensuring stable airflow. Temperature data acquisition provides accurate data for subsequent adjustments, avoiding blind control. The adjustment of the shared heating and cooling modules relies on the central control unit's comparative judgment to achieve on-demand operation, avoiding the repetitive energy consumption of traditional single-compartment independent equipment. Dynamic air duct switching allows maintenance of a single compartment without interrupting the operation of other compartments, ensuring overall efficiency. Closed-loop energy consumption adjustment optimizes energy consumption in real time, effectively solving the problems of energy waste and high risk of operational interruption in traditional single-compartment independent configuration modes. This significantly improves the operational energy efficiency of the environmental chamber system, reduces long-term operating costs, and ensures the operational stability of each compartment. This device has the advantage of excellent energy-saving performance.

[0020] 2. This invention, through a preset-cycle intermittent heating design, avoids excessive energy consumption caused by the continuous operation of the shared heating module. By precisely replenishing heat through intermittent heating, it meets the temperature requirements of the environmental chamber while reducing unnecessary energy consumption. The reasonable configuration of the shared heating module, combined with the design of the multi-chamber system's central control unit acquiring temperature feedback data at fixed intervals, can promptly capture temperature changes and adjust the heating status, preventing insufficient or excessive heating due to delayed temperature feedback. This further ensures that the temperature of each chamber is maintained within the target range. Compared with the traditional continuous heating mode, this not only improves the accuracy of temperature control but also extends the service life of the shared heating module, reduces equipment maintenance frequency and costs, and balances energy saving and equipment practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the method of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a system diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, an energy-saving control method for an environmental chamber includes a multi-chamber system configuration control unit, a shared cooling module, a shared heating module, a shared ventilation module, a temperature detection module, an air duct switching module, a shared air duct, and an energy consumption monitoring module. The method includes the following steps:

[0025] S1: Initialization settings: Set the target temperature and energy consumption control threshold through the multi-compartment system configuration control unit, control the air duct switching module to open the corresponding air valves of all environmental compartments, and start the shared ventilation module to drive the airflow to circulate in a closed loop between the shared air duct and each environmental compartment.

[0026] S2: Temperature data acquisition: The internal temperature data of the four environmental chambers is acquired in real time through the temperature detection module, and the temperature data is transmitted to the multi-chamber system configuration control unit.

[0027] S3: Shared heating module adjustment: The multi-compartment system configuration central control unit compares the collected temperature of each environmental compartment with the target temperature. If the temperature of any environmental compartment is lower than the lower limit of the target temperature, the shared heating module is controlled to perform jogging heating at a preset cycle until the temperature of that environmental compartment reaches the target temperature.

[0028] S4: Shared cooling module adjustment: If the temperature of any environmental chamber is higher than the target temperature limit, the central control unit controls the shared cooling module to start and output cooling air to the shared air duct until the temperature of the environmental chamber drops to the target temperature, and then controls the shared cooling module to stop.

[0029] S5: Dynamic switching of air ducts: When a certain environmental chamber needs to be shut down for maintenance, the central control unit controls the air duct switching module to close the corresponding air valve of the environmental chamber, while the other environmental chambers remain connected to the shared air duct and continue to execute steps S2-S4.

[0030] S6: Energy consumption closed-loop regulation: During the execution of steps S2-S5, the total current and voltage data of the system are collected in real time through the energy consumption monitoring module, the total energy consumption is calculated and transmitted to the main control unit. If the total energy consumption exceeds the upper limit of the energy consumption control threshold, the main control unit extends the power-off time of the shared heating module. If the total energy consumption is lower than the lower limit of the energy consumption control threshold, the power-off time of the shared heating module is shortened to maintain the total energy consumption stable within the energy consumption control threshold range. The four 1m³ cabins in this device share one air duct, one refrigeration compressor, and one set of heating tubes. The circulating fan uses low power and the heating tubes use momentary heating.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 The preset cycle is "30 seconds of power on - 60 seconds of power off". The rated power of the shared heating module is 3000W. The multi-compartment system is configured with a central control unit that obtains feedback data from the temperature detection module every 10 seconds and determines whether to stop the intermittent heating.

[0032] As a technical optimization of this invention, the intermittent heating design with a preset cycle avoids excessive energy consumption caused by continuous operation of the shared heating module. Intermittent heating precisely replenishes heat, meeting the temperature requirements of the environmental chamber while reducing unnecessary energy consumption. The reasonable configuration of the shared heating module, combined with the design of the multi-chamber system's central control unit acquiring temperature feedback data at fixed intervals, can promptly capture temperature changes and adjust the heating status, preventing insufficient or excessive heating due to delayed temperature feedback. This further ensures that the temperature of each chamber is maintained within the target range. Compared with the traditional continuous heating mode, this not only improves the accuracy of temperature control but also extends the service life of the shared heating module, reduces equipment maintenance frequency and costs, and balances energy saving and equipment practicality.

[0033] refer to Figure 2 The rated power of the shared cooling module is 500W. After the multi-compartment system is configured with a central control unit to control the shared cooling module to start, it acquires the temperature data of the corresponding environmental compartment every 30 seconds. When the temperature drops to the target temperature range, it immediately controls the shared cooling module to stop.

[0034] As a technical optimization of this invention, the design of a shared cooling module eliminates the traditional decentralized configuration of independent cooling equipment in a single compartment, avoiding the high energy consumption caused by the simultaneous operation of multiple cooling devices. After the shared cooling module is started, the central control unit of the multi-compartment system periodically acquires the temperature data of the corresponding environmental compartment and controls its shutdown. This allows for precise control of the cooling duration, preventing energy waste caused by excessive operation of the cooling module. Simultaneously, it ensures that cooling stops promptly once the environmental compartment temperature drops to the target range, preventing excessively low temperatures from affecting testing requirements or increasing subsequent heating energy consumption. This precise cooling control logic solves the problems of high energy consumption and coarse control in traditional cooling equipment, while ensuring the stability of the environmental compartment temperature, providing a reliable temperature environment for scenarios such as VOC detection, and reducing the overall energy consumption of the system.

[0035] refer to Figure 2 The energy consumption monitoring module has a preset upper limit of 7.2KW and a lower limit of 6.8KW for energy consumption control threshold. When the total energy consumption is greater than 7.2KW, the power outage time of the shared heating module is extended to 90 seconds. When the total energy consumption is less than 6.8KW, the power outage time is shortened to 45 seconds.

[0036] As a technical optimization of this invention, the energy consumption monitoring module can capture the total energy consumption status of the system in real time. A preset energy consumption control range provides a basis for the central control unit to adjust the power-off duration of the shared heating module. When the total energy consumption exceeds a reasonable range, extending the power-off duration can reduce the operating time of the heating module and prevent a continuous increase in energy consumption; when the total energy consumption is below a reasonable range, shortening the power-off duration can ensure heating needs and prevent temperature fluctuations. This dynamic adjustment method effectively solves the problems of traditional environmental chamber systems lacking closed-loop energy consumption control and being prone to energy consumption runaway. It keeps the total energy consumption of the system within an efficient range, avoiding energy waste and preventing temperature instability due to excessively low energy consumption. Long-term operation can significantly reduce energy costs and improve the system's energy efficiency and economy.

[0037] refer to Figure 2 The rated power of the shared ventilation module is 0.37KW. After startup, it continues to run, and the airflow circulation speed in the shared duct is 1.2m / s-1.5m / s.

[0038] As a technical optimization of this invention, the design of continuous operation of the shared ventilation module ensures stable airflow circulation within the shared duct, preventing uneven temperature distribution in each chamber due to airflow interruption. The optimized operation of the shared ventilation module prevents energy waste caused by excessively high wind speeds and avoids insufficient temperature transfer efficiency due to excessively low wind speeds, ensuring rapid temperature response for heating or cooling adjustments in each chamber and maintaining temperature consistency. Compared to the decentralized operation mode of traditional single-chamber independent ventilation equipment, the shared design reduces redundant energy consumption of multiple ventilation systems. Simultaneously, stable airflow circulation improves temperature regulation efficiency, making it easier to maintain stable temperatures in each chamber and providing uniform environmental conditions for environmental chamber testing, thus balancing operational efficiency and energy conservation requirements.

[0039] refer to Figure 2 The air valve of the air duct switching module is an electric air valve. The multi-compartment system is configured with a central control unit to control the air valve response time of ≤1 second. After the air valve is closed, the sealing degree between the corresponding environmental compartment and the shared air duct is ≥98%, so as to avoid affecting the temperature stability of other environmental compartments. The multi-compartment system is configured with a central control unit to adjust the operating frequency of the shared cooling module according to the temperature difference between the environmental compartment and the target temperature. When the temperature difference is >1℃, the frequency is set to 50Hz, and when the temperature difference is ≤1℃, the frequency is set to 30Hz-40Hz.

[0040] As a technical optimization of this invention, an electric air valve is used in the air duct switching module. The multi-compartment system is configured with a central control unit to control its rapid response. During single-compartment maintenance, the corresponding air valve can be quickly closed to prevent airflow leakage from affecting the temperature of other compartments. Simultaneously, the high-sealing design further ensures temperature stability, solving the temperature interference problems caused by slow response and poor sealing of traditional air valves. The central control unit adjusts the operating frequency of the shared cooling module based on the difference between the ambient temperature and the target temperature. This allows the cooling module to output cooling capacity on demand; when the temperature difference is large, the frequency is increased to ensure cooling efficiency, and when the temperature difference is small, the frequency is reduced to decrease energy consumption, avoiding the energy waste caused by the fixed-frequency operation of traditional cooling modules. This design not only improves the convenience of system maintenance and temperature stability but also further optimizes the energy consumption of the cooling process, comprehensively enhancing the practicality and energy efficiency of the ambient chamber system.

[0041] The working principle and usage process of this invention: When using this environmental chamber energy-saving control method, it is necessary to first conduct a preliminary inspection of each component of the multi-chamber system to confirm that the multi-chamber system configuration, including the central control unit, shared cooling module, shared heating module, shared ventilation module, temperature detection module, air duct switching module, shared air duct, and energy consumption monitoring module, are all in normal working condition. It is also necessary to ensure that there are no blockages inside the shared air duct, that the air valves of the air duct switching module move flexibly without jamming, and that the connection lines between each module are stable and reliable, so as to avoid affecting subsequent operation due to equipment failure or connection problems.

[0042] After the initial checks are completed, the multi-compartment system configuration control unit is activated, entering the initialization setup phase. The multi-compartment system configuration control unit sets the target temperature and energy consumption control thresholds to meet usage requirements. Simultaneously, the multi-compartment system configuration control unit sends commands to the air duct switching module, controlling it to open the corresponding air valves in all environmental compartments, ensuring that each environmental compartment remains connected to the shared air duct. Subsequently, the shared ventilation module is activated. Once operational, the shared ventilation module drives airflow to form a closed-loop circulation between the shared air duct and each environmental compartment, ensuring stable airflow throughout the system and providing the foundation for temperature regulation in each environmental compartment. After the initialization setup is complete and the shared ventilation module is running stably, the temperature detection module begins to collect real-time temperature data from each environmental compartment. The collected temperature data is continuously transmitted to the multi-compartment system configuration control unit, which performs real-time analysis and processing of this temperature data.

[0043] The multi-compartment system's central control unit compares the collected temperatures of each environmental compartment with the preset target temperature. If any environmental compartment's temperature is found to be below the lower limit of the target temperature, a control command is immediately sent to the shared heating module. This control module performs intermittent heating at a preset cycle. During intermittent heating, the central control unit continuously receives temperature data from the temperature detection module until the environmental compartment's temperature reaches the target temperature, at which point the shared heating module stops intermittent heating. If any environmental compartment's temperature is found to be above the upper limit of the target temperature, the central control unit sends a start command to the shared cooling module. This module starts the shared cooling module, which outputs cooling air into the shared air duct. The cooling air enters the corresponding environmental compartment through the shared air duct. The central control unit continuously monitors the temperature change of this environmental compartment. When the environmental compartment's temperature drops to the target temperature, the central control unit immediately stops the shared cooling module to avoid over-cooling and energy waste.

[0044] During the entire system operation, if a certain environmental chamber needs to be shut down due to testing requirements or equipment maintenance, the multi-chamber system configuration control unit only needs to send a command to the air duct switching module to control the air duct switching module to close the corresponding air valve of the environmental chamber, so that the environmental chamber is disconnected from the shared air duct. The other environmental chambers remain connected to the shared air duct and continue to perform operations such as temperature data acquisition, heating or cooling regulation, ensuring that the overall system operation is not affected by single chamber maintenance. Meanwhile, the energy consumption monitoring module collects the system's total current and voltage data in real time during system operation, calculates the total energy consumption based on the collected data, and transmits the total energy consumption data to the multi-compartment system configuration control unit in real time. The multi-compartment system configuration control unit compares the total energy consumption data with the preset energy consumption control threshold. If the total energy consumption exceeds the upper limit of the energy consumption control threshold, the multi-compartment system configuration control unit automatically extends the power-off time of the shared heating module to reduce the operating time of the shared heating module and reduce energy consumption. If the total energy consumption is lower than the lower limit of the energy consumption control threshold, the power-off time of the shared heating module is shortened to ensure that the shared heating module can provide sufficient heat to the environmental compartment to maintain temperature stability, thereby keeping the total system energy consumption within the energy consumption control threshold range. After all environmental chamber testing tasks are completed, the shared heating and cooling modules are shut down first through the multi-chamber system configuration control unit. After the shared heating and cooling modules have completely stopped running, the shared ventilation module is turned off. Then, the air duct switching module is controlled to close the corresponding air valves of all environmental chambers. Finally, the multi-chamber system configuration control unit is turned off to complete the entire usage process. After the usage process is completed, each module can be briefly checked to prepare for the next use.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0046] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An energy-saving control method for an environmental chamber, comprising a multi-chamber system configuration control unit, a shared cooling module, a shared heating module, a shared ventilation module, a temperature detection module, an air duct switching module, a shared air duct, and an energy consumption monitoring module, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1: Initialization settings: Set the target temperature and energy consumption control threshold through the multi-compartment system configuration control unit, control the air duct switching module to open the corresponding air valves of all environmental compartments, and start the shared ventilation module to drive the airflow to circulate in a closed loop between the shared air duct and each environmental compartment. S2: Temperature data acquisition: The internal temperature data of the four environmental chambers is acquired in real time through the temperature detection module, and the temperature data is transmitted to the multi-chamber system configuration control unit. S3: Shared heating module adjustment: The multi-compartment system configuration central control unit compares the collected temperature of each environmental compartment with the target temperature. If the temperature of any environmental compartment is lower than the lower limit of the target temperature, the shared heating module is controlled to perform jogging heating at a preset cycle until the temperature of that environmental compartment reaches the target temperature. S4: Shared cooling module adjustment: If the temperature of any environmental chamber is higher than the target temperature limit, the central control unit controls the shared cooling module to start and output cooling air to the shared air duct until the temperature of the environmental chamber drops to the target temperature, and then controls the shared cooling module to stop. S5: Dynamic switching of air ducts: When a certain environmental chamber needs to be shut down for maintenance, the central control unit controls the air duct switching module to close the corresponding air valve of the environmental chamber, while the other environmental chambers remain connected to the shared air duct and continue to execute steps S2-S4. S6: Energy consumption closed-loop regulation: During the execution of steps S2-S5, the total current and voltage data of the system are collected in real time through the energy consumption monitoring module, the total energy consumption is calculated and transmitted to the main control unit. If the total energy consumption exceeds the upper limit of the energy consumption control threshold, the main control unit extends the power-off time of the shared heating module. If the total energy consumption is lower than the lower limit of the energy consumption control threshold, the power-off time of the shared heating module is shortened to maintain the total energy consumption stable within the energy consumption control threshold range.

2. The energy-saving control method for an environmental cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset cycle is "30 seconds of power on - 60 seconds of power off". The rated power of the shared heating module is 3000W. The multi-compartment system is configured with a central control unit that acquires feedback data from the temperature detection module every 10 seconds and determines whether to stop the intermittent heating.

3. The energy-saving control method for an environmental cabin according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rated power of the shared cooling module is 500W. After the multi-compartment system is configured with a central control unit to control the shared cooling module to start, it acquires the temperature data of the corresponding environmental compartment every 30 seconds. When the temperature drops to the target temperature range, it immediately controls the shared cooling module to stop.

4. The energy-saving control method for an environmental chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The energy consumption monitoring module has a preset upper limit of 7.2KW and a lower limit of 6.8KW for energy consumption control threshold. When the total energy consumption is greater than 7.2KW, the power outage time of the shared heating module is extended to 90 seconds. When the total energy consumption is less than 6.8KW, the power outage time is shortened to 45 seconds.

5. The energy-saving control method for an environmental cabin according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rated power of the shared ventilation module is 0.37KW. After startup, it continues to operate, and the airflow circulation speed in the shared air duct is 1.2m / s-1.5m / s.

6. The energy-saving control method for an environmental cabin according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air valve of the air duct switching module is an electric air valve. The multi-compartment system is configured with a central control unit to control the air valve response time to ≤1 second. After the air valve is closed, the sealing degree between the corresponding environmental compartment and the shared air duct is ≥98%, avoiding affecting the temperature stability of other environmental compartments. The multi-compartment system is configured with a central control unit to adjust the operating frequency of the shared cooling module according to the temperature difference between the environmental compartment and the target temperature. When the temperature difference is >1℃, the frequency is set to 50Hz, and when the temperature difference is ≤1℃, the frequency is set to 30Hz-40Hz.

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