Three-dimensional positioning size expression method

Abstract

The invention provides a three-dimensional positioning size expression method, which comprises the following steps of: defining a positioning information expression format, and converting traditional labeling information into self-defined labeling information, so that one labeling element has two display forms: 1, simplifying the labeling form, and intuitively expressing installation positioning information through a brief text and mnemonic symbols; and the other form is a traditional labeling form, namely a conventional three-dimensional labeling method and elements, including dimensions, tolerances and the like. One labeling element is only displayed in one of the labeling elements at the same time, and a user can freely switch between the labeling elements and the labeling elements according to requirements. According to the method, the readability and the operation efficiency of the three-dimensional model are remarkably improved by simplifying a symbol display mode; and secondly, the flexibility and the practicability of the system are enhanced while the original size marking function is reserved. According to the method, the working intensity of constructors can be effectively reduced, the misoperation risk caused by information confusion can be reduced, and therefore the overall quality and efficiency of ship building are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shipbuilding, in particular to a three-dimensional positioning size expression method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the modern shipbuilding process, the on-site operator needs to determine the position of the installation part according to the two-dimensional drawing or three-dimensional model and accurately install it. With the continuous improvement of informatization and digitization level of the shipbuilding industry, the traditional two-dimensional drawing is gradually replaced by the three-dimensional model. However, in the existing three-dimensional model, the positioning size is mainly marked by the size line. Due to the complex structure of the three-dimensional model of the ship and the large amount of materials (a drawing usually contains hundreds or even thousands of installation parts), this method has the following problems in actual application: a large number of size markings cause the model interface to be cluttered, and the size lines are seriously overlapped, which seriously affects the reading efficiency and accuracy of the operator. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, in a complex ship model, the traditional size marking method will cause the key information to be submerged in the complex graphics. In order to solve the above problems, it is urgent to develop a method that can clearly and intuitively express the three-dimensional positioning size, so as to improve the work efficiency of the operator and reduce the risk of misoperation. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present application proposes a new three-dimensional positioning size expression method aiming at the reading convenience problem caused by the overlapping and overlapping of the three-dimensional model. In this method, 1 marking element has 2 display forms, one is a simplified marking form, which directly expresses the installation positioning information through a brief text and a mnemonic symbol; the other is a traditional marking form, which is a conventional three-dimensional marking method and element, including size, tolerance, etc.

[0004] Specifically, the present application provides a three-dimensional positioning size expression method, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1: Standardized positioning form; analyze the installation characteristics of the installation part, and sort out the standard positioning form of various installation parts; the standard positioning form includes inherent constraints and design constraints, the inherent constraints are the basic physical relationship that needs to be followed during the installation of the installation part, which is related to the physical characteristics of the structure part, and the inherent constraints include face-to-face fitting, shaft hole concentricity and common point; the design constraint is the relative orientation relationship between the installation part and the reference position, including the movement and rotation relative to the reference position;

[0006] S2: Define the positioning reference mnemonic symbol; the reference position of the installation part during assembly is the positioning reference, and the positioning reference mnemonic symbol is the abbreviated mark of the positioning reference;

[0007] S3: define the category symbol of each type of design constraint; analyze all types of design constraints in the standard positioning form, and establish a simplified symbol corresponding to each type of design constraint as a category symbol;

[0008] S4: define the positioning information expression format; combine the specific values of the design constraints, the category symbols of the design constraints in S3, and the positioning reference mnemonics in S2 according to the preset format as the positioning information expression format, and form a complete custom annotation information.

[0009] Optionally, the mounting member includes a bracket, a pipe, a cable tray, a manhole cover, and a staircase.

[0010] Optionally, the reference position includes a ship plate, a ship beam, a plate seam line, a bracket surface, a pipe segment boundary, a rib position surface, and a deck surface.

[0011] Optionally, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0012] S5: annotating the three-dimensional model, specifically including:

[0013] 1) generating annotations

[0014] The designer opens the three-dimensional model that needs to be annotated in the three-dimensional design software;

[0015] The designer activates the annotation generation tool, selects the mounting member boundary and the reference position boundary, and annotates the mounting position information of the mounting member according to the specification; the mounting position information includes traditional annotation information and custom annotation information obtained based on the positioning information expression format; the notations of the traditional annotation information and the custom annotation information are M1 and M2 respectively, and the two are displayed mutually exclusively;

[0016] 2) modifying annotations

[0017] The designer opens the three-dimensional model that needs to be modified in the three-dimensional design software, and checks and modifies the three-dimensional model for external release.

[0018] Optionally, the traditional annotation information includes a marking line connecting the mounting member and the reference position for displaying the design constraint, and a specific value corresponding to the design constraint located on the marking line, and the custom annotation information is obtained by converting the traditional annotation information based on the positioning information expression format.

[0019] Optionally, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0020] S6: client viewing

[0021] The application personnel obtain the three-dimensional model published in S5, and open the three-dimensional model and its annotations using a client;

[0022] By default, the annotations are expressed in the form of M2, and the application personnel obtain the mounting position information therefrom;

[0023] For the label with unclear or ambiguous expression semantics, the application personnel can switch the M2 form of the label, at which time the label will be displayed in the M1 form.

[0024] Optionally, the switching mode of the label includes: global switching based on the client, overall switching based on the model node, and single switching based on the label element.

[0025] As described above, the present application provides a three-dimensional positioning size expression method, which converts traditional label information into self-defined label information by defining positioning information expression format, so that one label element has two display forms: one is a simplified label form, which directly expresses the installation positioning information through brief text and mnemonic symbols; the other is a traditional label form, which is a conventional three-dimensional labeling method and element, including size, tolerance, etc. At the same time, one label element only displays one of the two forms, and the user can freely switch between the two forms according to needs. When the client views the three-dimensional model, the position information of the installation part is presented in the simplified label form by default. This display method can significantly reduce the visual interference of the operation interface and facilitate the construction workers to quickly obtain key information; at the same time, as a necessary means, the construction workers can convert the simplified symbol to the traditional dimension line label form by activating the related function. The application of this method has important technical significance: first, through the simplified symbol display method, the readability and operation efficiency of the three-dimensional model are significantly improved; second, while retaining the original size label function, the flexibility and practicality of the system are enhanced. This method not only effectively reduces the working intensity of the construction workers, but also reduces the risk of misoperation caused by information confusion, thereby improving the overall quality and efficiency of shipbuilding. In summary, the present application provides a more intelligent and convenient three-dimensional positioning size expression method, which has important practical value and technical significance for promoting the digital transformation of the shipbuilding industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Display as the dimension line label of the three-dimensional model in the prior art.

[0027] Figure 2 Display as the relative positional relationship between the installation part and the reference position in the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 Display as the self-defined label information of the installation part in the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 Display as the traditional label information of the installation part in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Following, the advantages and effects of the present application will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the specific examples. The present application can also be implemented or applied by other different specific embodiments, and the details in the description can be modified or changed based on different views and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application.

[0031] As described in the detailed embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional views of the device structure are partially enlarged without the general scale for the convenience of description, and the schematic views are only examples which should not limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual production.

[0032] For the convenience of description, spatial relationship words such as "under", "below", "lower", "underneath", "above", "upper" and the like can be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature with other elements or features shown in the drawings. It will be understood that these spatial relationship words are intended to include other directions of the device in use or operation in addition to the directions depicted in the drawings. In addition, when a layer is referred to as "between" two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers, or one or more intervening layers can also be present. "Between" used herein includes both end point values.

[0033] In the context of the present application, the structure described as "on" the first feature of the second feature can include the embodiment that the first and second features are formed in direct contact, and can also include the embodiment that another feature is formed between the first and second features, so that the first and second features can not be in direct contact.

[0034] It should be noted that the diagrams provided in the embodiments only schematically illustrate the basic concepts of the present application, and only the components related to the present application are shown in the diagrams, not the number, shape and size of the components when actually implemented. The actual implementation of each component can be a random change, and the component layout pattern can be more complex.

[0035] The present application provides a three-dimensional positioning size expression method, comprising the following steps:

[0036] S1: Standardized positioning form. Analyze the installation characteristics of the installation part, and sort out the standard positioning form of various installation parts. The installation parts include brackets, pipes, cable brackets, manhole covers, and staircases. The standard positioning mode includes inherent constraints and design constraints. The inherent constraints are the basic physical relationships that need to be followed during the assembly of the installation part, which are related to the physical characteristics of the structure itself, including face-to-face fitting, shaft hole concentricity, and common point. The design constraints are the relative orientation relationship between the installation part and the reference position, including movement and rotation relative to the reference position. S2: Standardized installation part. Analyze the installation characteristics of the installation part, and sort out the standard installation part of various installation parts. The installation parts include brackets, pipes, cable brackets, manhole covers, and staircases. The standard installation part includes inherent constraints and design constraints. The inherent constraints are the basic physical relationships that need to be followed during the assembly of the installation part, which are related to the physical characteristics of the structure itself, including face-to-face fitting, shaft hole concentricity, and common point. The design constraints are the relative orientation relationship between the installation part and the reference position, including movement and rotation relative to the reference position.

[0037] Take the bracket installation as an example, the support leg of the bracket is welded on the surface of the steel plate (denoted as surface S, the plane of the support leg of the bracket is attached to surface S), and this part of constraint information can be directly obtained from the model according to design and construction common sense, which is called inherent constraint; and the movement positioning of the bracket on surface S and the rotation positioning of the bracket on surface S (surface S is the reference position) need to be expressed by means of other auxiliary elements, that is, necessary information needs to be added outside the model to be explained, and such constraint is called design constraint, such as Figure 2 Based on the above information, the standard positioning form of the bracket can be established, as shown in Table 1 below: the movement constraint of L1 and L2 is expressed, and the rotation constraint of A1 is expressed.

[0038] Similarly, for other types of installations (such as pipes, cable brackets, manhole covers, escalators, etc.), the standardized positioning form can be defined.

[0039] Table 1 Inherent constraints and design constraints of installations

[0040]

[0041] S2: Define the positioning reference mnemonic. The reference position of the installation during assembly is the positioning reference, which can generally be a ship plate, ship rib, plate seam line, bracket surface, pipe segment boundary, rib position surface, deck surface, etc. The positioning reference mnemonic is a short mark of the positioning reference. For example, the rib position surface can use the mnemonic "FR100" to represent the 100th rib position; the plate seam line can use the mnemonic "WY" to represent the plate seam line of the current ship plate. As shown in Table 2 below.

[0042] Table 2 Positioning reference mnemonics

[0043]

[0044] S3: Define the class symbol of each type of design constraint.

[0045] Analyze all types of design constraints in the standardized positioning form, and establish corresponding simplified symbols as class symbols for each type of design constraint (such as distance, direction, etc.). Taking the distance constraint as an example, its class symbol can be designed as "". As shown in Table 3 below.

[0046] Table 3 Class symbols of various design constraints

[0047]

[0048] S4: Define the positioning information expression format

[0049] The specific value corresponding to the design constraint, the category symbol of the design constraint in S3, and the positioning reference mnemonic in S2 are combined together in a preset format as a positioning information expression format, that is, a complete custom labeling information can be formed. Taking the bracket described in S1 as an example, the L1 distance constraint can be expressed as “ 600 @WY”. Specifically, “” represents the distance constraint, where the arrow points to the direction of the reference position, “WY” represents the plate joint (structure plate boundary), and “600” represents the distance value between the support leg and the reference position. The symbol is marked at the support leg of the bracket. As shown in Table 4, the custom labeling information corresponding to different categories of design constraints.

[0050] Table 4 Custom labeling information

[0051]

[0052] S5: Labeling the three-dimensional model.

[0053] For any mounting, S1 defines which position constraints need to be expressed, and S2-S4 define how to express these position constraints. This step mainly explains how to label the three-dimensional model, which is divided into two cases:

[0054] 1) Generating labels

[0055] The designer opens the three-dimensional model that needs to be labeled in the three-dimensional design software.

[0056] The designer activates the label generation tool, selects the mounting boundary and the reference position boundary, and labels the mounting position information of the mounting according to the specification. The mounting position information includes traditional labeling information (denoted as M1) and custom labeling information (denoted as M2) based on the positioning information expression format, and the traditional labeling information and the custom labeling information are displayed mutually exclusive.

[0057] Specifically, the traditional labeling information is dimension line labeling, which includes a marking line connecting the mounting and the reference position for displaying the design constraint, and a specific value corresponding to the design constraint on the marking line. The custom labeling information can be obtained by converting the traditional labeling information based on the positioning information expression format, and the custom labeling information can be generated using the labeling function of the three-dimensional design software (such as CAD). Then the label generation tool identifies the geometric features and text in the custom labeling information, converts the traditional labeling information to the custom labeling information based on the positioning information expression format as the conversion rule, and outputs the custom labeling information.

[0058] Taking the bracket described in S1 as an example, after the designer selects the plate joint line and the bracket support leg, the label generation tool will automatically generate a label at the support leg (such as Figure 3 、 Figure 4The generated mark includes two parts: one is the dimension line mark, i.e. the traditional mark information (denoted as M1); the other is the simplified custom mark information (denoted as M2) placed at the mounting part. In one marking operation, the two parts are generated simultaneously and displayed mutually exclusively.

[0059] The designer activates the mark checking tool, and the mark checking tool automatically checks whether the degrees of freedom of the mounting part are completely constrained, and prompts the missing constraints in the interface, and automatically generates a recommended scheme (additional mark).

[0060] The designer packs the three-dimensional model and the mark result, and publishes them externally.

[0061] 2) Modify the mark

[0062] The designer opens the three-dimensional model which needs to modify the mark in the three-dimensional design software.

[0063] The designer activates the mark updating tool, and synchronizes the expired mark to the latest state. The expired mark may be generated due to the modification of the three-dimensional model after the last marking, such as the movement of the bracket. When creating a mark, the CAD software records the precise geometric elements on which the mark depends. For example, a length mark does not only display a number, but also "remembers" that it measures the distance from face A to face B, and specifically establishes a "mark-geometry" association table in the background to bind each mark with the geometric entities such as points, lines and faces referenced by the mark. The tool monitors the change history or the current state of the three-dimensional model, and when it detects that the geometric elements in the model are modified, moved or deleted, it immediately queries the association table to find all marks that reference these modified elements. For each mark marked as "expired", the tool automatically performs a new measurement or calculation according to the type and the latest model geometry. After the bracket is moved, the system re-measures the distance from the new installation position of the bracket to the reference surface, and replaces the old mark value with the new value.

[0064] Then, the designer activates the mark checking tool, and the checking tool automatically checks whether the degrees of freedom of the mounting part are completely constrained, and prompts the missing constraints in the interface, and automatically generates a recommended scheme.

[0065] The designer packs the three-dimensional model and the mark result, and publishes them externally.

[0066] S6: Client viewing

[0067] The application personnel obtain the three-dimensional model (including the mark result) published in S5, and open the three-dimensional model and the mark using the client.

[0068] By default, the markups are expressed in M2 simplified form, from which the application personnel can obtain the installation position information.

[0069] For individual simplified markups with unclear or ambiguous expression semantics, the application personnel can switch the markups in M2 form, at which time the markups will be displayed in M1 form (dimension line form).

[0070] Specifically, the switching mode of the markups is not limited to the following:

[0071] 1) Global switching based on the client

[0072] Activate the markup switching module, and switch the M1 / M2 part described in S5 for all markup elements in the current interface.

[0073] 2) Overall switching based on the model node

[0074] Activate the markup switching module, and switch the M1 / M2 part described in S5 for all markup elements under the selected node.

[0075] 3) Single switching based on the markup element

[0076] Activate the markup switching module, and switch the M1 / M2 part described in S5 for the selected markup element.

[0077] In summary, the present application provides a three-dimensional positioning size expression method, which converts traditional labeling information into self-defined labeling information by defining positioning information expression format, so that one labeling element has two display forms, one is a simplified labeling form, which directly expresses installation positioning information through brief text and mnemonic symbol; the other is a traditional labeling form, which is a conventional three-dimensional labeling method and element, including size, tolerance, etc. One labeling element only displays one of them at the same time, and users can freely switch between the two according to needs. When the client views the three-dimensional model, the position information of the installation part is presented in the simplified labeling form by default, and this display method can significantly reduce the visual interference of the operation interface, and facilitate construction workers to quickly obtain key information; at the same time, as a necessary means, construction workers can convert the simplified symbol to the traditional dimension line labeling form by activating the related function. The application of this method has important technical significance: first, through the simplified symbol display method, the readability and operation efficiency of the three-dimensional model are significantly improved; second, while retaining the original size labeling function, the flexibility and practicality of the system are enhanced. This method not only effectively reduces the working intensity of construction workers, but also reduces the risk of misoperation caused by information confusion, thereby improving the overall quality and efficiency of shipbuilding. In summary, the present application provides a more intelligent and convenient three-dimensional positioning size expression method, which has important practical value and technical significance for promoting the digital transformation of the shipbuilding industry.

[0078] The above embodiments only exemplarily illustrate the principles and effects of the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical thought disclosed by the present application should be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for expressing three-dimensional positioning dimensions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Standardized positioning methods; analyze the installation characteristics of the mounting components and compile the standard positioning methods for various mounting components; standard positioning methods include inherent constraints and design constraints. Inherent constraints are the basic physical relationships that the mounting components need to follow when assembling, which are related to the physical characteristics of the structural components themselves. Inherent constraints include surface-to-surface fit, concentric shaft and hole, and concurrent points; design constraints are the relative orientation relationship between the mounting component and the reference position, including the movement and rotation relative to the reference position. S2: Define the positioning reference mnemonic; the reference position during the assembly of the mounting parts is the positioning reference, and the positioning reference mnemonic is a simplified mark of the positioning reference; S3: Define category symbols for various design constraints; analyze all design constraint types in the standard positioning form, and establish corresponding simplified symbols as category symbols for each type of design constraint; S4: Define the format for expressing positioning information; combine the specific values ​​corresponding to the design constraints, the category symbols of the design constraints in S3, and the positioning reference mnemonic in S2 according to the preset format to form a complete custom annotation information.

2. The three-dimensional positioning dimension expression method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation components include brackets, pipes, cable trays, manhole covers, and ladders.

3. The three-dimensional positioning dimension expression method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Reference locations include hull plates, hull reinforcements, plate seams, support surfaces, pipe section boundaries, rib surfaces, and deck surfaces.

4. The three-dimensional positioning dimension expression method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S5: Annotate the 3D model, specifically including: 1) Generate annotations Designers open the 3D model that needs to be annotated in 3D design software; Designers activate the annotation generation tool, select the boundary of the installation component and the boundary of the reference position, and annotate the installation position information of the installation component according to the specifications. The installation position information includes traditional annotation information and custom annotation information obtained based on the positioning information expression format. The codes for traditional annotation information and custom annotation information are M1 and M2, respectively, and they are displayed mutually exclusively. 2) Modify annotations Designers open the 3D model that needs to be modified in 3D design software, check the changes, and then publish it.

5. The three-dimensional positioning dimension expression method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Traditional annotation information includes marking lines connecting the installation parts to the reference positions to show design constraints, and specific values ​​on the marking lines to show the design constraints. Custom annotation information is obtained by converting traditional annotation information based on the location information expression format.

6. The three-dimensional positioning dimension expression method according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S6: View from client Application users obtain the 3D model published by S5 and open the 3D model and its annotations using the client. By default, the annotation is expressed in the form of M2, from which users can obtain the location information of the installation parts; For annotations that are unclear or ambiguous in meaning, users can switch to the M2 format, at which point the annotation will be displayed in the M1 format.

7. The three-dimensional positioning dimension expression method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The annotation switching methods include: global switching based on the client, overall switching based on model nodes, and individual switching based on annotation elements.

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