Energy storage control method and device, equipment, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage control method and device, equipment, a storage medium and a program product, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage control. The method comprises the following steps: constructing an independent energy storage electric energy regulation and control model and a frequency modulation auxiliary service regulation and control model; constructing a security constraint condition set according to the physical parameters of the independent energy storage; the physical parameters comprise charge state upper and lower limits, a charging power upper limit, a discharging power upper limit, a primary frequency modulation capacity upper limit and a secondary frequency modulation capacity upper limit; constructing a target function according to the electric energy regulation and control model, the frequency modulation auxiliary service regulation and control model and the security constraint condition set; and solving a node marginal electricity price based on the target function, and controlling the charging and discharging power, the primary frequency modulation declaration capacity and the secondary frequency modulation declaration capacity of the independent energy storage according to the node marginal electricity price. According to the embodiment of the invention, the operation safety of independent energy storage can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage control, and particularly relates to an energy storage control method and device, equipment, a storage medium and a program product. BACKGROUND

[0002] Independent energy storage refers to an energy storage system that can independently participate in power market transactions. With the increasing role of independent energy storage in power systems in terms of stabilizing new energy fluctuations and providing frequency regulation services, scientific and effective control of the independent energy storage is not only a prerequisite for ensuring safe and stable operation of the equipment itself, but also a key to improving the reliability of power grid dispatching.

[0003] However, the existing independent energy storage control method still has significant limitations in actual application, especially in terms of ensuring safe operation, and the specific manifestations are as follows: the existing technology focuses more on maximizing the comprehensive income of the energy storage equipment by optimizing the charging and discharging strategy or the market participation mode, and the physical characteristics and safety boundaries of the energy storage equipment are not considered. For example, some control methods only take the comprehensive income of the energy market and the frequency regulation service as the optimization target, which may lead to an optimization result that exceeds the safe operation range of the equipment, and ultimately affects the safe and stable operation of the energy storage equipment and the reliability of power grid dispatching. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an energy storage control method and device, equipment, a storage medium and a program product, which can effectively improve the operation safety of independent energy storage.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an energy storage control method, comprising: constructing an energy regulation model and a frequency regulation auxiliary service regulation model of independent energy storage; constructing a set of safety constraint conditions according to physical parameters of the independent energy storage; the physical parameters include upper and lower limits of the state of charge, upper limits of charging power and discharging power, upper limits of primary frequency regulation capacity and secondary frequency regulation capacity; constructing a target function according to the energy regulation model, the frequency regulation auxiliary service regulation model and the set of safety constraint conditions; solving a node marginal price based on the target function, and controlling the charging and discharging power, the primary frequency regulation declared capacity and the secondary frequency regulation declared capacity of the independent energy storage according to the node marginal price.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the energy storage control method provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that: the safety constraint condition set is formed by the upper and lower limits of the state of charge, the upper limits of the charging and discharging power, the upper limits of the primary and secondary frequency modulation capacities, and the like, and the state of charge, the power, and the frequency modulation capacity of the energy storage are strictly limited by the safety constraint condition set based on the physical characteristics of the equipment, so that the over-limit operation of the equipment is avoided, and the operation safety of the energy storage is effectively improved; the collaborative optimization of the multi-market model is used to improve the comprehensive income in the joint framework of the electric energy and the frequency modulation service, and the limitations of the single market strategy are avoided; and the fine control based on the node marginal price can make the charging and discharging plan and the frequency modulation capacity declaration accurately match the real-time supply and demand and the marginal cost of the power grid, and provide reliable support for the stable operation of the power grid.

[0007] In some embodiments, the safety constraint condition set comprises: an SOC safety constraint for limiting the SOC value of the energy storage within the upper and lower limits of the state of charge in any period; a power safety constraint for limiting the charging power of the energy storage to be less than the upper limit of the charging power and the discharging power of the energy storage to be less than the upper limit of the discharging power in any period; a frequency modulation capacity safety constraint for limiting the primary frequency modulation declaration capacity of the energy storage to be less than the upper limit of the primary frequency modulation capacity and the secondary frequency modulation declaration capacity of the energy storage to be less than the upper limit of the secondary frequency modulation capacity in any period.

[0008] In some embodiments, the node marginal price is solved based on the target function, and the charging and discharging power of the energy storage, the primary frequency modulation declaration capacity, and the secondary frequency modulation declaration capacity are controlled based on the node marginal price. constructing a set of power grid operation constraint equations and linearizing the set of power grid operation constraint equations to obtain a linear penalty term; solving the price based on the target function and the linear penalty term to obtain the node marginal price.

[0009] In some embodiments, the price is solved based on the target function and the linear penalty term to obtain the node marginal price, and the method comprises: constructing a Lagrange function based on the target function and the linear penalty term; analyzing the optimal solution of the Lagrange function based on the KKT condition, and taking the optimal solution as the node marginal price.

[0010] In some embodiments, the set of power grid operation constraint equations is constructed, and the method comprises: The SOC dynamic equation constraint is established based on the charging and discharging efficiency of independent energy storage, the day-ahead charging and discharging capacity, and the real-time charging and discharging capacity. A power balance constraint is established based on the net discharge of the independent energy storage and the net grid injection demand. Operational safety constraints are established based on the state of charge, charging and discharging power, and frequency regulation capacity of the independent energy storage. Frequency regulation service coupling constraints are established based on the frequency regulation capacity and discharge power of the independent energy storage. A coordination mode constraint is established based on the power allocation of the independent energy storage in the day-ahead market and the power allocation in the real-time market. A set of power grid operation constraint equations is constructed based on the SOC dynamic equation constraints, the power balance constraints, the operational safety constraints, the frequency regulation service coupling constraints, and the coordination mode constraints.

[0011] In some embodiments, controlling the charging and discharging power, primary frequency regulation declaration capacity, and secondary frequency regulation declaration capacity of the independent energy storage based on the nodal marginal electricity price includes: A grid status signal is generated based on the marginal electricity price of the node, and a charging and discharging power allocation instruction and a frequency regulation capacity application instruction are generated based on the grid status signal. The charging and discharging power of the independent energy storage is modified according to the charging and discharging power allocation command; The primary and secondary frequency regulation application capacities of the independent energy storage shall be modified in accordance with the frequency regulation capacity application instruction.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of this application provides an energy storage control device, the device comprising: The model building module is used to build an independent energy storage power regulation model and a frequency regulation ancillary service regulation model; The safety constraint module is used to construct a set of safety constraint conditions based on the physical parameters of the independent energy storage; the physical parameters include upper and lower limits of state of charge, upper limit of charging power, upper limit of discharging power, upper limit of primary frequency regulation capacity, and upper limit of secondary frequency regulation capacity. The function generation module is used to construct an objective function based on the electric energy regulation model, the frequency modulation auxiliary service regulation model, and the set of safety constraints. The function solving module is used to solve the nodal marginal electricity price based on the objective function, and to control the charging and discharging power, primary frequency regulation application capacity and secondary frequency regulation application capacity of the independent energy storage according to the nodal marginal electricity price.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, the electronic device including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described in the first aspect.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, a fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising a stored computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed, controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform the method described in the first aspect.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, a fifth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program or computer instructions, wherein the computer program or computer instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the method described in the first aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an energy storage control method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A flowchart of step S104 in the process; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A flowchart of step S202 in the process; Figure 4 This is a flowchart for obtaining the marginal electricity price at a node; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage control device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0019] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0020] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] Independent energy storage refers to energy storage systems that can participate in electricity market transactions independently. As the role of independent energy storage in power systems, such as mitigating fluctuations in renewable energy sources and providing frequency regulation services, becomes increasingly prominent, its scientific and effective control is not only a prerequisite for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the equipment itself, but also a key to improving the reliability of power grid dispatch.

[0022] However, existing independent energy storage control methods still have significant limitations in practical applications, especially in ensuring operational safety. Specifically, existing technologies often focus on maximizing returns through optimizing charging and discharging strategies or market participation models, neglecting the physical characteristics and safety boundaries of energy storage devices. For example, some control methods only consider the combined returns from the energy market and frequency regulation services as the optimization objective, potentially leading to optimization results that exceed the safe operating range of the equipment, ultimately affecting the safe and stable operation of the energy storage device and the reliability of grid dispatch.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is an optional flowchart of the energy storage control method provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 The method may include, but is not limited to, steps S101 to S104.

[0024] Step S101: Construct an independent energy storage power regulation model and a frequency regulation ancillary service regulation model; Step S102: Construct a set of safety constraints based on the physical parameters of independent energy storage; Step S103: Construct the objective function based on the power regulation model, the frequency regulation auxiliary service regulation model, and the set of safety constraints; Step S104: Solve for the node marginal electricity price based on the objective function, and control the charging and discharging power, primary frequency regulation application capacity, and secondary frequency regulation application capacity of independent energy storage according to the node marginal electricity price.

[0025] Steps S101 to S104 of this application embodiment involve constructing an independent energy storage power regulation model and a frequency regulation auxiliary service regulation model. An objective function is constructed by combining a set of safety constraints formed by physical parameters such as upper and lower limits of state of charge, upper limits of charging and discharging power, and upper limits of primary and secondary frequency regulation capacity. This function is then used to solve for the nodal marginal price, and based on this, the charging and discharging power, primary frequency regulation application capacity, and secondary frequency regulation application capacity of the independent energy storage are controlled. The beneficial effects are: firstly, by using a set of safety constraints based on the physical characteristics of the equipment, the operating boundaries of energy storage in terms of state of charge, power, and frequency regulation capacity are strictly limited, preventing equipment damage caused by exceeding limits and effectively improving the operational safety of independent energy storage; secondly, by leveraging the synergistic optimization of multiple market models, comprehensive revenue is improved within the joint framework of power energy and frequency regulation services, avoiding the limitations of a single market strategy; and thirdly, based on the refined control of the nodal marginal price, charging and discharging plans and frequency regulation capacity applications can be accurately matched with the real-time supply and demand of the power grid and marginal costs, providing reliable support for the stable operation of the power grid.

[0026] In step S101 of some embodiments, independent energy storage refers to an energy storage system that can independently participate in electricity market transactions and has flexible adjustment capabilities. The electricity energy regulation model can be a mathematical model describing the charging and discharging behavior and revenue of independent energy storage in the electricity energy market, namely the charging and discharging price difference revenue in the day-ahead market and the real-time market, with a certain degree of margin reservation.

[0027] Day-ahead market returns: This logic considers the returns from the day-ahead market charging and discharging power of independent energy storage during time period t, as well as the electricity price during that time period. However, its optimization is limited by operational constraints such as SOC and power.

[0028] Current market return = ; in, This refers to the day-ahead electricity price in the electricity market, which is the benchmark price for electricity trading for each time period determined by the electricity market before the trading day (usually the following day). This refers to the day-ahead discharge price of independent energy storage, which is the settlement price for independent energy storage to discharge into the grid during a specific period on the following day, as determined before the transaction date. This refers to the day-ahead charging price for independent energy storage, which is the settlement price for independent energy storage to be charged from the grid during a specific period on the following day, as determined before the transaction date. This represents the independent energy storage charging and discharging period, that is, the specific time interval during which independent energy storage will carry out charging or discharging operations as planned before the trading day. T usually represents the total number of time periods involved in the entire day's market. t represents a specific time period, which is a variable used to iterate through every hour in the entire total time period.

[0029] Real-time market returns: The return structure of the real-time market is the same as that of the day-ahead market, but the price volatility is greater. Therefore, an offset is added to cover the risks of real-time trading and to avoid operational insecurity caused by prediction bias.

[0030] Real-time market returns = ; in, This refers to the real-time electricity price in the electricity market, which is a price dynamically determined at certain time intervals based on real-time factors of the power grid. This represents the real-time discharge price of independent energy storage, which is the settlement price when independent energy storage releases electricity to the grid. This represents the real-time charging price for independent energy storage, which is the settlement price when independent energy storage absorbs electricity from the grid for charging. This represents an independent energy storage charging / discharging period, which is the specific time interval during which an independent energy storage system performs charging or discharging operations. T typically represents the total number of time periods involved in the entire real-time market. t represents a specific time period, a variable used to iterate through every hour within the total time period.

[0031] Therefore, the electrical energy regulation model = By multiplying electricity price, charging / discharging capacity, and time, the charging / discharging behavior of independent energy storage in the day-ahead and real-time electricity markets is quantified.

[0032] In some embodiments, the frequency regulation ancillary service control model can be a mathematical model describing the capacity declaration and revenue when independent energy storage participates in grid frequency regulation services, wherein the frequency regulation service revenue is the capacity revenue of primary and secondary frequency regulation. Frequency regulation service revenue is directly related to capacity declaration and does not depend on actual operational volume. In this application, the frequency regulation ancillary service control model calculates the capacity revenue of primary and secondary frequency regulation by multiplying the capacity price by the declared capacity, while being subject to the coupling constraints of the frequency regulation capacity ceiling and power allocation.

[0033] FM service revenue = ; in, This represents the price of primary frequency regulation capacity during time period t. This represents the primary frequency regulation capacity provided by independent energy storage during time period t. This represents the price of secondary frequency regulation capacity during time period t. This represents the secondary frequency regulation capacity provided by independent energy storage during time period t. T typically represents the total number of time periods involved in the entire frequency regulation ancillary service market. t represents a specific time period, a variable used to iterate through every hour within the total number of time periods.

[0034] Therefore, the frequency modulation ancillary service control model = The product of frequency regulation price and frequency regulation capacity quantifies the degree of participation of independent energy storage in the frequency regulation ancillary services market.

[0035] In step S102 of some embodiments, the physical parameters include upper and lower limits of state of charge, upper limit of charging power, upper limit of discharging power, upper limit of primary frequency regulation capacity, and upper limit of secondary frequency regulation capacity. As described above, in order to avoid violating the safe operation boundaries of energy storage devices, this application establishes a set of safety constraints for the physical characteristics of energy storage devices.

[0036] Specifically, the set of security constraints includes SOC security constraints, power security constraints, and frequency regulation capacity security constraints, among which: SOC safety constraints limit the SOC value of independent energy storage to between the upper and lower limits of the state of charge (SOC) for any given time period, ensuring that the SOC value of independent energy storage is less than or equal to the upper limit of the SOC for any given time period. Simultaneously satisfying a condition greater than or equal to the state of charge limit Therefore, the following SOC security constraints are established: SOC security constraints = ; in, This refers to the deviation of SOC from the upper limit of the state of charge, i.e., when SOC > hour, =SOC- ; This refers to the deviation of SOC from the state of charge limit, i.e., when SOC < hour, = -SOC; This is the unit deviation penalty coefficient for SOC. When the state of charge (SOC) of independent energy storage exceeds the safe operating range, the model will introduce a high penalty coefficient to linearly weight the out-of-bounds portion, forcing the optimal solution to automatically return to the upper and lower limits of the state of charge, thus preventing overcharging and over-discharging.

[0037] Power safety constraints limit the charging power of independent energy storage to no more than the upper limit of charging power and the discharging power of independent energy storage to no more than the upper limit of discharging power at any given time.

[0038] Power safety constraints = ; in, This refers to the deviation of the charging power from the upper limit of the charging power. This refers to the deviation where the discharge power exceeds the upper limit of the discharge power. This is the unit deviation penalty coefficient for power. If the charging / discharging power exceeds the rated power limit of the energy storage device, the model automatically adds a power over-limit penalty term to prevent damage to the inverter and battery modules due to overload through restrictive scheduling. Power safety constraints are used to prevent the charging / discharging power from exceeding the rated power of the energy storage device, protecting hardware safety.

[0039] Frequency regulation capacity safety constraints limit the declared capacity of independent energy storage for primary frequency regulation to no more than the upper limit of primary frequency regulation capacity at any given time period, and the declared capacity for secondary frequency regulation of independent energy storage to no more than the upper limit of secondary frequency regulation capacity.

[0040] Frequency modulation capacity safety constraints = ; in, The deviation of the primary frequency modulation capacity from the upper limit of the primary frequency modulation capacity. This refers to the deviation where the secondary frequency modulation capacity exceeds the upper limit of the secondary frequency modulation capacity. This is the unit deviation penalty coefficient for frequency regulation capacity. To prevent independent energy storage from declaring capacity exceeding the frequency regulation capacity available from the equipment during market response, the model introduces upper limit penalties for primary and secondary frequency regulation capacity to ensure that the frequency regulation capability is consistent with the hardware limits, thereby ensuring that the declared frequency regulation capacity does not exceed the maximum value allowed by the market.

[0041] Based on the hardware limitations of energy storage devices, this application establishes constraints to prevent overcharging, over-discharging, power overload, and exceeding frequency regulation limits.

[0042] In step S103 of some embodiments, when constructing the objective function, the primary goal is to ensure the safe and stable operation of independent energy storage. During the optimization process, unsafe behaviors such as SOC exceeding limits, power exceeding limits, and frequency regulation capacity exceeding limits are punished first. On the basis of meeting the above safety conditions, the revenue of the electricity market and the frequency regulation service market are comprehensively considered to achieve a balance between the economy and safety of energy storage operation.

[0043] Specifically, the objective function can be expressed as: ; in, This indicates the day-ahead electricity price in the electricity market. This indicates the day-ahead discharge price for independent energy storage. This indicates the day-ahead charging price for independent energy storage. This indicates the real-time electricity price in the electricity market. This indicates the real-time discharge price of independent energy storage. This indicates the real-time charging price for independent energy storage. Indicates the independent energy storage charging and discharging period. This represents the price of primary frequency regulation capacity during time period t. This represents the primary frequency regulation capacity provided by independent energy storage during time period t. This represents the price of secondary frequency regulation capacity during time period t. This represents the secondary frequency regulation capacity provided by independent energy storage during time period t. This refers to the deviation of SOC from the upper limit of the state of charge. This refers to the deviation of the State of Charge (SOC) from the limit of the state of charge. This is the unit deviation penalty coefficient for SOC. This refers to the deviation of the charging power from the upper limit of the charging power. This refers to the deviation where the discharge power exceeds the upper limit of the discharge power. This is the unit deviation penalty coefficient for power. The deviation of the primary frequency modulation capacity from the upper limit of the primary frequency modulation capacity. This refers to the deviation where the secondary frequency modulation capacity exceeds the upper limit of the secondary frequency modulation capacity. This is the unit deviation penalty coefficient for frequency modulation capacity.

[0044] This application embodiment takes the revenue model of two markets with independent energy storage as the optimization direction, uses the set of safety constraints as the safety boundary, forms a solvable objective function, and achieves synergistic optimization of revenue and safety.

[0045] In step S104 of some embodiments, the nodal marginal price (LMP) refers to the real-time price of a node in the electricity market, reflecting the supply and demand tension and marginal cost of that node. The charge and discharge plan can arrange the charging and discharging amounts of independent energy storage at different times. The primary frequency regulation declaration capacity can be the maximum response capacity of independent energy storage to instantaneous frequency deviations in the power grid. The secondary frequency regulation declaration capacity can be the maximum capacity of independent energy storage that can be continuously adjusted according to dispatch instructions after primary frequency regulation. This application aims to obtain the nodal marginal price reflecting the real-time supply and demand of the power grid by solving the objective function, and formulate a charge and discharge plan accordingly, and determine the declaration capacity for primary and secondary frequency regulation, ensuring that the decision-making conforms to both market operation and security constraints.

[0046] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, step S104 may include, but is not limited to, steps S201 to S202: Step S201: Construct a set of power grid operation constraint equations and linearize the set of power grid operation constraint equations to obtain a linear penalty term; Step S202: Solve for the electricity price based on the objective function and the linear penalty term to obtain the nodal marginal electricity price.

[0047] In step S201 of some embodiments, the grid operation constraint equations are used to regulate the operational boundaries and logical relationships of independent energy storage in terms of dynamic changes in state of charge, power supply and demand balance, its own safe operation, frequency regulation service and discharge power adaptation, and power coordination across multiple time scales, so as to ensure that the behavior of energy storage participating in the electricity and frequency regulation ancillary service market is safe, feasible, and matches the grid demand.

[0048] A set of power grid operation constraint equations is constructed, including: establishing SOC dynamic equation constraints based on the charging and discharging efficiency, day-ahead charging and discharging capacity, and real-time charging and discharging capacity of independent energy storage; establishing power balance constraints based on the net discharge capacity of independent energy storage and the net grid injection demand; establishing operational safety constraints based on the state of charge, charging and discharging power, and frequency regulation capacity of independent energy storage; establishing frequency regulation service coupling constraints based on the frequency regulation capacity and discharge power of independent energy storage; establishing coordination mode constraints based on the power allocation of independent energy storage in the day-ahead market and the power allocation in the real-time market; and constructing a set of power grid operation constraint equations based on the SOC dynamic equation constraints, power balance constraints, operational safety constraints, frequency regulation service coupling constraints, and coordination mode constraints.

[0049] The SOC dynamic equation constraints are as follows: ; in, For independent energy storage, the state of charge during time period t. For independent energy storage, the state of charge during time period t-1 Charging efficiency for independent energy storage. For independent energy storage, the day-ahead charging capacity during time period t. The real-time charging capacity of independent energy storage during time period t. For independent energy storage, the day-ahead discharge amount during time period t. This refers to the real-time discharge capacity of an independent energy storage unit during time period t. For independent energy storage discharge efficiency, the SOC dynamic equation constraint, based on charge and discharge power and charge and discharge efficiency, determines the dynamic relationship of independent energy storage state of charge.

[0050] The power balance constraint is: ; in, For independent energy storage, the day-ahead discharge amount during time period t. This refers to the real-time discharge capacity of an independent energy storage unit during time period t. For independent energy storage, the day-ahead charging capacity during time period t. The real-time charging capacity of independent energy storage during time period t. This represents the net injection demand of the power grid during time period t. Power balance constraints ensure that the net discharge of independent energy storage matches the net injection demand of the power grid.

[0051] The operational safety constraints are: ; in, This is the state-of-charge limit for independent energy storage. This represents the upper limit of the state of charge for independent energy storage. For independent energy storage capacity, For independent energy storage, the day-ahead charging capacity during time period t. The real-time charging capacity of independent energy storage during time period t. For independent energy storage, the day-ahead discharge amount during time period t. This refers to the real-time discharge capacity of an independent energy storage unit during time period t. For the maximum power demand of the power grid, This represents the primary frequency regulation capacity provided by independent energy storage during time period t. This represents the secondary frequency regulation capacity provided by independent energy storage during time period t. This is the upper limit of the primary frequency modulation capacity. This sets the upper limit for secondary frequency regulation capacity. Operational safety constraints set upper and lower limits for operating parameters such as the state of charge, charging / discharging power, and frequency regulation capacity of independent energy storage.

[0052] The frequency modulation service coupling constraint is: ; in, For independent energy storage, the day-ahead discharge amount during time period t. This refers to the real-time discharge capacity of an independent energy storage unit during time period t. This represents the primary frequency regulation capacity provided by independent energy storage during time period t. This represents the secondary frequency regulation capacity provided by independent energy storage during time period t. Frequency regulation service coupling constraints are used to adapt the frequency regulation capacity to the discharge power while preserving a margin.

[0053] The coordination mode constraints are: ; in, The real-time charging capacity of independent energy storage during time period t. This refers to the real-time discharge capacity of an independent energy storage unit during time period t. This is based on the maximum power demand of the power grid. Coordination mode constraints ensure energy conservation and consistency in the allocation of independent energy storage power across different time scales.

[0054] In some embodiments, the power grid operation constraint equations are transformed into linear penalty terms to maintain the model as a linear programming problem. For example, the Big M method can be used to transform the nonlinear logic conditions of SOC overrun and power limit overrun in the power grid operation constraint equations into linear penalty variables, thereby ensuring that the optimization model can be solved in milliseconds and meet the real-time requirements of power dispatch.

[0055] The linear penalty term obtained after transformation is: ; in, This refers to the deviation of SOC from the upper limit of the state of charge. For independent energy storage, the state of charge during time period t. This represents the upper limit of the state of charge for independent energy storage. Capacity for independent energy storage; This refers to the deviation of the State of Charge (SOC) from the limit of the state of charge. This is the state of charge limit for independent energy storage. This refers to the deviation of the charging power from the upper limit of the charging power. For independent energy storage, the day-ahead charging capacity during time period t. The real-time charging capacity of independent energy storage during time period t. This represents the maximum power demand of the power grid. This refers to the deviation where the discharge power exceeds the upper limit of the discharge power. For independent energy storage, the day-ahead discharge amount during time period t. This represents the real-time discharge capacity of the independent energy storage system during time period t. The deviation of the primary frequency modulation capacity from the upper limit of the primary frequency modulation capacity. This represents the primary frequency regulation capacity provided by independent energy storage during time period t. This is the upper limit of the primary frequency regulation capacity. This refers to the deviation where the secondary frequency modulation capacity exceeds the upper limit of the secondary frequency modulation capacity. This represents the secondary frequency regulation capacity provided by independent energy storage during time period t. This is the upper limit of the secondary frequency modulation capacity.

[0056] It is understandable that the set of safety constraints constructed based on independent energy storage physical parameters in the aforementioned step S102 is the basis and foundation for operations such as transforming the power grid operation constraint equation set into linear penalty terms.

[0057] In step S202 of some embodiments, the nodal marginal electricity price can be obtained by solving for the price based on the objective function and the linear penalty term.

[0058] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, step S202 may include, but is not limited to, steps S301 to S302: Step S301: Construct the Lagrangian function based on the objective function and the linear penalty term; Step S302: Analyze the optimal solution of the Lagrange function using KKT conditions, and use the optimal solution as the nodal marginal electricity price.

[0059] In step S301 of some embodiments, in the electricity market clearing model, the nodal marginal price is defined as the minimum marginal cost required for a node to increase its load by 1 unit while satisfying grid security constraints. By constructing a Lagrange function and utilizing duality theory, the LMP can be directly extracted from the dual variables of the Lagrange function.

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, by combining the objective function with a linear penalty term, a Lagrangian function is constructed: Linear penalty term; Where F is the objective function, For independent energy storage, the day-ahead discharge amount during time period t. This refers to the real-time discharge capacity of an independent energy storage unit during time period t. For independent energy storage, the day-ahead charging capacity during time period t. The real-time charging capacity of independent energy storage during time period t. Let be the marginal electricity price of the node to be solved.

[0061] In step S302 of some embodiments, the optimal solution of the Lagrangian function is analyzed through KKT conditions, including: Original feasibility analysis: It is necessary to satisfy all original constraints, which refer to the aforementioned set of safety constraints and the aforementioned linear penalty term; Duality feasibility analysis: The multipliers are non-negative (only for inequality constraints). The multipliers can be the Lagrange multipliers introduced when the constraints of the linear penalty term are incorporated into the objective function, i.e., the nodal marginal electricity price to be solved. Complementary relaxation: The product of the multiplier and the constraint violation is zero. The constraint violation refers to the degree of deviation between the actual situation and the constraint conditions. The gradient is zero: ; Finally, we obtain the expression for the dual variable: Where F is the objective function, The expression represents the net injection demand of the power grid during time period t. This is the obtained marginal electricity price at the node.

[0062] In some embodiments, controlling the charging and discharging power, primary frequency regulation declaration capacity, and secondary frequency regulation declaration capacity of independent energy storage based on the nodal marginal electricity price includes: generating a grid status signal based on the nodal marginal electricity price, and generating a charging and discharging power allocation instruction and a frequency regulation capacity declaration instruction based on the grid status signal; correcting the charging and discharging power of independent energy storage based on the charging and discharging power allocation instruction; and correcting the primary frequency regulation declaration capacity and secondary frequency regulation declaration capacity of independent energy storage based on the frequency regulation capacity declaration instruction.

[0063] This solution integrates multiple market models and hardware security constraints to achieve coordinated optimization control of independent energy storage: it can ensure that the equipment operates within the safety boundary (avoiding overcharging, over-discharging, and power exceeding limits), and by extracting the marginal electricity price of nodes in real time, the energy storage control system can sense grid congestion and local demand, dynamically correct the allocation of charging, discharging and frequency regulation capacity, and avoid operational risks caused by grid state fluctuations.

[0064] This application introduces safety control rules such as SOC dynamic constraints, power limits, and frequency regulation capacity coupling to avoid overcharging, over-discharging, power exceeding limits, and exceeding declared capacity, ensuring that energy storage devices meet physical boundaries and market access conditions in actual operation. Secondly, it constructs an energy regulation model and a frequency regulation ancillary service regulation model, enabling independent energy storage to rationally allocate charging, discharging, and frequency regulation capacity between the day-ahead and real-time markets, balancing economic efficiency with safety constraints and improving operational effectiveness. Thirdly, addressing the non-convex constraint problem in cross-market collaborative dispatch, it introduces linearization penalty terms and mixed-integer programming techniques to transform complex nonlinear conditions into a solvable form, balancing computational real-time performance and optimization accuracy, ensuring the model can directly support real-time decision-making in the power dispatch system. Finally, it enhances the overall flexibility and reliability of the power system. Through this method, independent energy storage can simultaneously play a dual role of "energy time-shifting" and "frequency regulation," promoting the consumption of a high proportion of renewable energy and enhancing the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0065] Please see Figure 5 This application also provides an energy storage control device that can implement the above-described energy storage control method. The device includes: Model building module 501 is used to build an independent energy storage power regulation model and a frequency regulation ancillary service regulation model; The safety constraint module 502 is used to construct a set of safety constraint conditions based on the physical parameters of the independent energy storage; the physical parameters include upper and lower limits of state of charge, upper limit of charging power, upper limit of discharging power, upper limit of primary frequency regulation capacity, and upper limit of secondary frequency regulation capacity; The function generation module 503 is used to construct an objective function based on the power regulation model, the frequency regulation auxiliary service regulation model, and the set of safety constraints. The function solving module 504 is used to solve the nodal marginal electricity price based on the objective function, and to control the charging and discharging power, primary frequency regulation application capacity and secondary frequency regulation application capacity of independent energy storage according to the nodal marginal electricity price.

[0066] The specific implementation of this energy storage control device is basically the same as the specific embodiment of the energy storage control method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0067] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an electronic device provided in this application.

[0068] like Figure 6 As shown, the device includes: Memory 31 is used to store computer programs; Processor 32 is used to execute computer programs; When the processor 32 executes the computer program, it implements the energy storage control method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0069] For example, a computer program may be divided into one or more modules / units, one or more of which are stored in memory 31 and executed by processor 32 to complete this application. One or more modules / units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing a specific function, which describe the execution process of the computer program in an electronic device.

[0070] The processor 32 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0071] The memory 31 can be used to store computer programs and / or modules. The processor 32 implements various functions of the electronic device by running or executing the computer programs and / or modules stored in the memory 31 and calling the data stored in the memory 31. The memory 31 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, application programs required for at least one function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the mobile phone (such as audio data, phonebook, etc.). In addition, the memory 31 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as hard disk, RAM, plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0072] It should be noted that the aforementioned electronic devices include, but are not limited to, processors and memory, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. Figure 6 The structural diagram is merely an example of the electronic device described above and does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device. It may include more components than shown in the diagram, or combine certain components, or use different components.

[0073] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed, implements the energy storage control method of any of the above embodiments.

[0074] It should be understood that all or part of the processes in the above-described energy storage control method can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the above-described energy storage control method. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately added or removed according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the relevant jurisdiction. For example, in some relevant jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer-readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0075] Fifthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the energy storage control method of any of the above embodiments.

[0076] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory (ROM), or random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0077] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage control method, characterized by, The application relates to an energy storage system and a control method thereof. An independent energy storage power regulation model and a frequency modulation auxiliary service regulation model are constructed; A safety constraint condition set is constructed according to physical parameters of the independent energy storage; the physical parameters include upper and lower limits of a state of charge (SOC), an upper limit of charging power, an upper limit of discharging power, an upper limit of primary frequency modulation capacity and an upper limit of secondary frequency modulation capacity; A target function is constructed according to the energy storage power regulation model, the frequency modulation auxiliary service regulation model and the safety constraint condition set; A node marginal electricity price is solved based on the target function, and charging and discharging power, primary frequency modulation capacity and secondary frequency modulation capacity of the independent energy storage are controlled according to the node marginal electricity price.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The safety constraint condition set includes: An SOC safety constraint limits an SOC value of the independent energy storage in any period within the upper and lower limits of the state of charge; A power safety constraint limits charging power of the independent energy storage in any period within the upper limit of the charging power and limits discharging power of the independent energy storage within the upper limit of the discharging power; A frequency modulation capacity safety constraint limits primary frequency modulation capacity of the independent energy storage in any period within the upper limit of the primary frequency modulation capacity and limits secondary frequency modulation capacity of the independent energy storage within the upper limit of the secondary frequency modulation capacity.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The node marginal electricity price is solved based on the target function, including: A power grid operation constraint equation set is constructed, and linearization processing is performed on the power grid operation constraint equation set to obtain a linear penalty term; The node marginal electricity price is solved according to the target function and the linear penalty term.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The node marginal electricity price is solved according to the target function and the linear penalty term, including: A Lagrange function is constructed based on the target function and the linear penalty term; An optimal solution of the Lagrange function is analyzed through a KKT condition, and the optimal solution is taken as the node marginal electricity price.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein, The power grid operation constraint equation set is constructed, including: An SOC dynamic equation constraint is established based on charging and discharging efficiency of the independent energy storage, day-ahead charging and discharging power and real-time charging and discharging power; A power balance constraint is established based on net discharging power of the independent energy storage and net injection demand of a power grid; An operation safety constraint is established based on the state of charge, charging and discharging power and frequency modulation capacity of the independent energy storage; A frequency modulation service coupling constraint is established based on the frequency modulation capacity and discharging power of the independent energy storage; A coordination mode constraint is established based on power distribution of the independent energy storage in a day-ahead market and power distribution of the independent energy storage in a real-time market; The power grid operation constraint equation set is constructed according to the SOC dynamic equation constraint, the power balance constraint, the operation safety constraint, the frequency modulation service coupling constraint and the coordination mode constraint.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The charging and discharging power, the primary frequency modulation capacity and the secondary frequency modulation capacity of the independent energy storage are controlled according to the node marginal electricity price, including: A power grid state signal is generated based on the node marginal electricity price, and charging and discharging power distribution instructions and frequency modulation capacity declaration instructions are generated according to the power grid state signal; The charging and discharging power of the independent energy storage is corrected according to the charging and discharging power distribution instructions; According to the frequency modulation capacity declaration instruction, the primary frequency modulation declaration capacity and the secondary frequency modulation declaration capacity of the independent energy storage are corrected.

7. An energy storage control device, characterized by The method comprises the following steps: A model construction module is configured to construct an electric energy regulation model and a frequency modulation auxiliary service regulation model of the independent energy storage. A security constraint module is configured to construct a security constraint condition set according to physical parameters of the independent energy storage; the physical parameters comprise upper and lower limits of a state of charge, upper limits of charging power, upper limits of discharging power, upper limits of primary frequency modulation capacity and upper limits of secondary frequency modulation capacity. A function generation module is configured to construct an objective function according to the electric energy regulation model, the frequency modulation auxiliary service regulation model and the security constraint condition set. A function solving module is configured to solve a node marginal price based on the objective function, and to control charging and discharging power, primary frequency modulation declaration capacity and secondary frequency modulation declaration capacity of the independent energy storage according to the node marginal price.

8. An electronic device, comprising: The computer program is configured to be executed by the processor, and the processor implements the energy storage control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium comprises a stored computer program, wherein the computer readable storage medium controls a device in which the computer readable storage medium is located to execute the energy storage control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when the computer program is running.

10. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product comprises a computer program or computer instructions, and the computer program or the computer instructions implement the energy storage control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executed by a processor.

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