Sensor

Abstract

The invention provides a sensor which saves space and can accurately sense abnormal vibration of a centrifugal separation device without special processing of a frame and the like so as to control the operation state. The sensor is provided with: a housing (202) disposed at a predetermined position on the outer peripheral surface (100a) of the centrifugal separation device (100); a determination unit (212) that is disposed within the housing (202), receives sensing signals from various sensors, and determines whether the sensing signals are normal operation or abnormal operation of the centrifugal separation device (100); and a first report unit (218) that reports that the centrifugal separation device (100) is in an abnormal operation state when the determination unit (212) determines that the centrifugal separation device (100) is in abnormal operation, the sensor being a vibration sensor (216) that senses vibration of the centrifugal separation device (100), and the vibration sensor (216) being disposed inside the housing (202).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to sensors, and more specifically, to sensors installed in centrifugal separation devices, such as those mounted on ships, for sensing abnormal vibrations of the devices. Background Technology

[0002] Previously, centrifugal separators used for cleaning marine fuel oil, lubricating oil, etc., were installed on large ships.

[0003] For example, in a high-speed rotating centrifugal separator, excessive mechanical vibration may cause contact between the rotating body and the frame, or damage to the bearings supporting the rotating shaft or the shaft itself, which may lead to a major accident and have a significant impact on operational safety.

[0004] Besides uneven mass distribution of the rotating body and bearing damage, the main causes of vibration are also known to be the accumulation of solids (sludge) separated from the treatment liquid in self-discharge centrifugal separators, which can lead to imbalance and abnormal vibration.

[0005] When abnormal vibrations occur, the machine needs to be stopped quickly. Therefore, a system that can sense the vibration state of the machine and control its operation is required.

[0006] Previously, various systems for monitoring mechanical vibration in high-speed rotating centrifugal separators have been provided. For example, a mechanical vibration switch, disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, is known to be mounted on the side of the frame of the centrifugal separator. This vibration switch is a mechanical vibration sensing device that uses a microswitch to operate when the vibration caused by abnormal vibration exceeds a set value.

[0007] However, since the mechanical vibration sensing device disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 uses mechanical contacts such as microswitches, it may sometimes falsely sense vibrations outside the monitoring frequency band caused by imbalances in the rotation of the assembled device. Furthermore, it cannot continuously indicate vibration acceleration.

[0008] Furthermore, centrifugal separators used for cleaning marine fuel oil, lubricating oil, etc., are mostly installed in the ship's engine room. Therefore, when installed in the ship's engine room, vibrations from not only the centrifugal separator itself but also the surrounding environment are sometimes sensed, leading to exaggerated vibration estimates or erroneous sensing.

[0009] Existing technical documents Patent documents Non-Patent Document 1: "Operating Principle" page of the instruction manual for the Tokyo Keiki Co., Ltd. "Voltage Detector VD-10" <URL: https: / / www.tokyokeiki.jp / Portals / 0 / images / products / pdf / measurement / manual / manual_vd_10_k14_005e.pdf> Summary of the Invention

[0010] The problem that the invention aims to solve The present invention was made to solve the problems of the prior art, and its objective is to provide a sensor that can accurately sense the generation of abnormal vibrations in a centrifugal separator and thus control its operating status.

[0011] Solution for solving the problem To achieve this objective, the first invention employs a sensor characterized by comprising: The housing is disposed at a specified position on the outer circumferential surface of the centrifugal separator. A determination unit, disposed within the housing, receives sensing signals from various sensors and determines whether the sensing signal indicates normal or abnormal operation of the centrifugal separator; and The reporting department shall report the abnormal working state when the determination department determines that the abnormal working state is abnormal. The sensor is a vibration sensing sensor that senses the vibration of the centrifugal separation device. The vibration sensing sensor is disposed in the housing.

[0012] The second invention employs a sensor, characterized in that, in the first invention... The centrifugal separator separates a liquid containing a heavier solid component from a lighter liquid component. The centrifugal separator includes an outlet pressure sensor located in the outlet region of the lighter liquid and senses the outlet pressure. The determination unit receives a sensing signal from the outlet pressure sensing sensor and determines whether the sensing signal indicates normal or abnormal operation of the centrifugal separator.

[0013] The third invention employs a sensor, characterized in that, in the first or second invention... The reporting unit utilizes one or both of a first reporting unit and a second reporting unit, wherein the first reporting unit is disposed in the housing, and the second reporting unit is disposed in a remote location and performs remote reporting.

[0014] The fourth invention employs a sensor, characterized in that, in the third invention, The sensor also includes at least one of the following: leakage sensing function, discharge sensing function, partial discharge volume sensing function, and moisture sensing function.

[0015] Invention Effects According to the present invention, a sensor is provided that can accurately sense the generation of abnormal vibrations in a centrifugal separator, thereby controlling its operating status. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic front view of a centrifugal separation device equipped with the sensor of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a general front view of the sensor.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the inside of the sensor.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a block diagram for abnormal vibration sensing.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a digital filter (low-pass filter).

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a digital filter (high-pass filter).

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a digital filter (bandpass filter).

[0023] Figure 8 This is a front sectional view of the main part of the centrifugal separation device.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the separation plate according to the first embodiment.

[0025] Figure 10 This is an example of the stacking of the separation plates in the first embodiment. Figure 9 Sectional view in direction III-III.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a top view of the separation plate in the first embodiment.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the separation plate in the first embodiment.

[0028] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the separation plate according to the second embodiment.

[0029] Figure 14This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the separation plate according to the third embodiment.

[0030] Figure 15 This is a top view of the separation plate in the third embodiment.

[0031] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the flow state of the separation plate.

[0032] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 The streamline diagram between the separation plates shown in Xa and Xb is a schematic flow diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following describes one embodiment of the sensor of the present invention. It should be noted that this embodiment is merely one embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the interpretation; appropriate design modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention.

[0034] In this embodiment, the sensor 200 of the present invention is applied... Figure 1 One embodiment of the centrifugal separation device 100 shown will be described. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the sensor 200 is sometimes referred to as a multi-monitor.

[0035] In this embodiment, it is assumed that the centrifugal separation device 100 is, for example, a centrifugal separation device used for purifying raw liquids such as fuel oil and lubricating oil of marine diesel engines, or for grading and separation operations in various industrial fields.

[0036] The centrifugal separator 100 is a vertical separation plate type centrifugal separator. Multiple separation plates are stacked with small gaps along the axial direction of the guide tube in the rotating body. These separation plates are made of thin plates in the shape of truncated cones. In this centrifugal separator, centrifugal force is used in the rotating body to separate components with different specific gravities.

[0037] The aforementioned components with different specific gravities are impurities with different specific gravities contained in the fuel oil of a diesel engine, which are being processed in the fluid. More specifically, they are solid components / water that separate / accumulate within a rotating body due to centrifugal force.

[0038] The sensor 200 senses the vibration of the frame of the centrifugal separator 100. When it determines that the frame vibration is abnormal (abnormal operation of the centrifugal separator), it will perform the prescribed reporting process through the first reporting unit. As a result, the operation of the centrifugal separator that has generated abnormal vibration will be stopped.

[0039] The sensor 200 has a rectangular housing 202 when viewed from the front, and the housing 202 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface 100a of the centrifugal separation device 100. The shape of the housing 202 is not particularly limited and can be appropriately designed and modified within the scope of the present invention.

[0040] The housing 202 consists of a hollow main body 204 and a cover 206. The front surface of the main body 204 is open and is fitted to the outer peripheral surface 100a of the centrifugal separator 100 in a tight contact state by means of threaded fastening or the like. The cover 206 is detachably mounted on the front of the main body 204 (see reference). Figure 3 。 ).

[0041] The main body 204 includes and is equipped with a determination unit 212, a vibration sensing sensor 216, and a first reporting unit 218.

[0042] The determination unit 212 is disposed on the open front surface area of ​​the main body 204, and communicates with the vibration sensing sensor 216 to measure the frame vibration of the centrifugal separator 100 and determine whether there is abnormal vibration of the equipment. The internal memory of the determination unit 212 has a digital filter and sets the sensing frequency and sensing frequency range.

[0043] In addition, in this embodiment, the determination unit 212 also communicates with the inlet pressure sensing sensor 222, the temperature sensing sensor 224, the outlet pressure sensing sensor 226, the circulation pipeline pressure sensing sensor 228, and the speed sensing sensor 230 to determine whether each sensor is abnormal.

[0044] A display unit 214 constituting the first reporting unit 218 is provided on the front surface side of the determination unit 212. Furthermore, the bottom panel 204c of the main body 204 has a wiring guide 208 that communicates with the inlet pressure sensing sensor 222, temperature sensing sensor 224, outlet pressure sensing sensor 226, circulation pipeline pressure sensing sensor 228, and speed sensing sensor 230, respectively, and a wiring exit 210 that sends abnormal outflow sensing signals, discharge failure sensing signals, abnormal temperature sensing signals, abnormal moisture sensing signals, abnormal vibration sensing signals, and high outlet pressure sensing signals from the determination unit 212 to the control unit. It should be noted that in this embodiment, it is assumed that the control unit is disposed outside the sensor 200, but it may also be disposed inside the sensor 200.

[0045] A window 206a is formed in the cover 206, through which the display 214 (see reference) can be observed. Figure 2 。 ).

[0046] In this embodiment, the vibration sensing sensor 216 is assumed to be an acceleration sensor.

[0047] In this embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown in the schematic diagram, the acceleration sensor 216 is disposed in a manner that closely adheres to the inner surface of the back panel 204a of the main body portion 204 in the housing 202, which is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface 100a of the centrifugal separation device 100.

[0048] Accelerometer 216 communicates with determination unit 212 to measure the frame vibration of centrifugal separation device 100.

[0049] The accelerometer 216 is disposed within the housing 202 of the sensor 200 for compactness, but it can also be disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the housing 202. Alternatively, it can be disposed close to the outer peripheral surface 100a of the centrifugal separator 100 to avoid the effects of resonance with the housing 202.

[0050] The first reporting unit 218 is configured to include a lamp unit 219 and a display unit 214, which are arranged protruding outward from the upper surface plate 204b of the main body 204 of the housing 202.

[0051] In this embodiment, three lamps 219 are arranged side by side. Each lamp 219 communicates with the determination unit 212 and responds to a signal from the determination unit 212 by lighting up, flashing, or performing other reporting actions. For example, the lamps 219 are configured to illuminate when viewed from the front. Figure 2 The sensor 200 shown consists of, from left to right, a yellow LED (Light Emitting Diode) 219a, a green LED 219b, and a red LED 219c.

[0052] The yellow LED 219a is set to flash when the outlet pressure approaches the set pressure (within ±15%) and illuminate when it is within the set range (within ±3%). The green LED 219b is set to illuminate during normal rotation (normal operation) of the centrifuge 100. The red LED 219c is set to illuminate (or flash) during abnormal rotation (abnormal operation). Thus, the centrifuge 100 can visually indicate whether it is operating normally or abnormally. It should be noted that a red rotating warning light, also known as a patrol lamp, can be used instead of the red LED 219c.

[0053] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first reporting unit 218 assumes visual reporting via the lamp unit 219 and auditory reporting via voice (alarm tone). For example, when an abnormal vibration is sensed, an alarm tone is emitted from the speaker.

[0054] The display unit 214 has an LED display function and communicates with the determination unit 212, which receives signals from various sensors. For example, in this embodiment, a configuration is adopted in which the flow rate is displayed in the display area shown by reference numeral 214a, the flow temperature is displayed in the display area shown by reference numeral 214b, and the light liquid outlet pressure (L pressure), horizontal axis rotation speed, heavy liquid circulation pressure (H pressure), or vibration speed is appropriately displayed in the area shown by reference numeral 214c. The LED display is not particularly limited to this embodiment, and design changes can be made according to specifications.

[0055] Here, based on Figure 4 The system block diagram shown illustrates the actions performed by sensor 200.

[0056] Based on the sensing frequency and sensing frequency range set in the internal memory of the determination unit 212, digital filtering is performed on the frame vibration data sensed by the acceleration sensor 216.

[0057] For example, if the vibration component of the centrifugal separator 100 is 180Hz, and the sensing frequency is set to 180Hz and the sensing frequency range is ±10Hz, then only the acceleration of the vibration component in the 180Hz±10Hz frequency band will be converted into velocity.

[0058] This function allows sensing to focus solely on the vibration component of the centrifugal separator 100. Therefore, the vibration state of the centrifugal separator 100 can be monitored without being affected by vibrations in the surrounding environment (such as the mechanical vibration of the main engine or hull rocking in the case of a ship).

[0059] In digital filters, low-pass, high-pass, and band-pass filters are used to attenuate frequency components outside the sensing frequency range, thereby detecting only specific frequency components (see [reference]). Figures 5 to 7 ).

[0060] For example, the positions of fc1 and fc2 are determined based on the sensing frequency range. Therefore, in a bandpass filter, with a sensing frequency of 180Hz and the sensing frequency range set to ±10Hz, fc1 = 170Hz and fc2 = 190Hz become fc1 = 170Hz and fc2 = 190Hz.

[0061] If the sensing frequency range is too large, the risk of acquiring excessive vibration components increases; if it is too small, the rotational frequency may fall outside the sensing frequency range and become undetectable when the centrifuge's rotational speed changes. The preferred sensing frequency range is 1Hz to 30Hz.

[0062] Integrating the digitally filtered acceleration to convert it into vibration velocity, subtracting the offset from the average of 400 measured values ​​of a fixed quantity, and then performing mean square processing to calculate the effective value (peak value × 100%). Calculate the 1-second average of the effective velocity values. (Updated every 0.5 seconds) The calculated 1-second average value, speed setpoint 1, and speed setpoint 2 are compared. If the speed is maintained for a period of time or longer than the speed setpoint, an abnormal vibration alarm is output.

[0063] The speed setting value and speed holding time are set in the internal memory of the determination unit 212.

[0064] There are two speed settings, and the speed holding time is the same for each.

[0065] The vibration speed can be selected from four options: X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, and triaxial synthesis, based on the internal memory settings.

[0066] As described above, assuming that an acceleration sensor 216 is installed inside the housing 202 of the sensor 200, and that the calculation and processing are performed by the determination unit 212 located inside the sensor 200, it is not necessary to install a new vibration meter on the outer peripheral surface 100a of the centrifugal separation device 100, nor is it necessary to perform additional processing on the frame.

[0067] According to this embodiment, the vibration component of the centrifugal separator 100 can be accurately sensed without being affected by the vibration of the surrounding environment, and the vibration state can be monitored at all times. Therefore, the generation of abnormal vibration of the centrifugal separator 100 can be accurately sensed, and the operating state can be precisely controlled.

[0068] In this embodiment, it is also assumed that a second reporting unit 220 is provided for remotely sensing the abnormal operating status of the centrifugal separation device 100 at a remote location.

[0069] By providing the second report unit 220, not only can the first report unit 218 and the display unit 214 of the sensor 200 be monitored, but it can also be remotely monitored by operators in remote locations such as the engine control room. This allows for confirmation in different locations in cases of increased vibration or alarms. Items input to the second report unit 220, similar to those displayed on the display unit 214 via LEDs, can include fluid flow rate, fluid temperature, light liquid outlet pressure (L pressure), horizontal shaft speed, heavy liquid circulation pressure (H pressure), or vibration velocity.

[0070] In this embodiment, the second reporting unit is assumed to perform analog output, but even digital output is within the scope of this invention.

[0071] In addition to sensing abnormal vibrations via the vibration sensing sensor 216, the sensor 200 of this embodiment also has sensing functions such as monitoring flow rate, temperature, pressure, rotational speed, vibration, and other information necessary for the operation of the centrifugal separator 100 using a single sensor. Furthermore, it can prevent malfunctions by sensing abnormalities in the centrifugal separator 100 and outputting an alarm. It should be noted that the following description focuses on the reporting process to the first reporting unit 218, but a report signal is also sent to the second reporting unit 220 along with the report signal to the first reporting unit 218, remotely reporting abnormal conditions at a remote location.

[0072] [Outlet pressure high-pressure sensing function] When using the centrifugal separator 100, if the back pressure regulating valve at the outlet of the centrifugal separator 100 is closed, sometimes due to operational errors (human error), a large amount of the less dense treated liquid overflows from the rotating body and flows out to the sludge outlet.

[0073] In this embodiment, an outlet pressure sensing sensor 226 equipped on the discharge side is used to determine, via a determination unit 212, whether the discharge side pressure of the treated liquid exceeds the rated outlet pressure. If the rated outlet pressure is exceeded, the determination unit 212 outputs an outlet pressure high-pressure sensing alarm signal, illuminating the "Alarm" LED on the display unit 214 of the sensor 200 and the "LPHi" LED (not shown) on the substrate of the determination unit 212. Furthermore, the outlet pressure value is displayed in the LED display area 214c of the display unit 214. It should be noted that the alarm signal is turned off when the pressure falls below the rated outlet pressure.

[0074] In addition, the back pressure regulating valve can be automatically adjusted based on the output alarm signal.

[0075] According to this embodiment, since it has an outlet pressure high-pressure sensing function, the loss of the treated liquid caused by operational errors can be minimized. Furthermore, even when operating in an unmanned environment, faults can be dealt with solely through the function of the sensor.

[0076] [Leakage Detection Function] After the pressure drops, the system detects leakage of the treated liquid due to abnormal outflow from the centrifugal separator 100 (oil flowing out to the heavy liquid outlet side) or poor valve closure, outputs an alarm, and stops the operation of the centrifugal separator after the sludge is discharged, thereby minimizing the loss of the treated liquid.

[0077] [Emission sensing function] Based on the characteristic of a decrease in rotational speed during sludge discharge, the presence or absence of sludge discharge is indirectly determined, thus judging whether sludge discharge has been carried out normally. The rotational speed is sensed / monitored by a rotational speed sensing sensor 230 installed on the horizontal axis. If the rotational speed decrease is not greater than a reference reduction in rotational speed in the discharge signal input, the determination unit 212 determines that "discharge is poor" and outputs a discharge poor signal to the first reporting unit 218. Then, if it is determined that discharge has not been carried out, a stop signal is sent to the control unit to automatically stop the operation of the centrifugal separator 100.

[0078] [Partial Discharge Sensing Function] In the partial discharge of a portion of the rotating body's capacity, the amount of sludge discharged is indirectly sensed based on the reduction in the centrifugal separator's rotation speed, and whether the discharge amount is appropriate is displayed on an internal LED.

[0079] That is, by sensing / monitoring the decrease in rotational speed through the rotational speed sensor 230, the amount of sludge discharged is indirectly determined based on the change in rotational speed in the discharge signal input. The LED on the substrate of the determination unit 212 is lit up according to three conditions: within the appropriate range, above the appropriate amount, and below the appropriate amount.

[0080] [Moisture Sensing Function] This function notifies the operator of a fixed amount of water accumulated in the rotating body before the water in the temporarily separated concentrate re-enters the light concentrate (cleaning solution). The circulation pressure on the heavy concentrate side is monitored by sensing the pressure through the circulation line pressure sensor 228. The determination unit 212, upon receiving the sensing signal from the circulation line pressure sensor 228, sends a notification to the first reporting unit 218 that a fixed amount of water has accumulated in the rotating body, and displays the circulation line pressure value in the display area 214c of the display unit 214.

[0081] (A rough outline of the centrifugal separation device) Here, based on Figures 8 to 17 For the application of the sensor of the present invention Figure 1 The centrifugal separation device shown will be described.

[0082] like Figure 8 As shown, the centrifugal separation apparatus 100 applied in this embodiment is a separation plate type centrifugal separation apparatus, comprising: a guide tube 101, which guides the raw liquid 13, which is the fluid to be processed, toward the lowest part of the rotating container in a manner that expands at the end, the raw liquid 13 being supplied from the top to the interior of the rotating container 11 which is mounted on a rotating shaft (not shown) and rotates at high speed; and separation plates 12, a plurality of separation plates 12 being stacked with small gaps in the axial direction of the guide tube 101, for separating components such as component 13B with different specific gravities in the raw liquid 13 from the separation liquid 13A by utilizing the difference in specific gravity.

[0083] As the raw liquid 13 introduced into such a separation plate type centrifugal separator 100 rises and flows through the gap D formed between multiple stacked separation plates 12, the heavier components (solid components and water, etc.) separate towards the outermost diameter side of the rotating body, while the lighter components separate towards the center side of the rotating container 11, and the separated liquid 13A is discharged from the top of the rotating container.

[0084] (Detailed structure and separation function of separation plate 12) like Figure 9 As shown, the separating plate 12 (disc) has a frustum shape made of stainless steel with a thickness of, for example, 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm. That is, the upper end is cut off with a plane parallel to the open bottom surface, and a conical surface 14 with an annular portion 14A in the same plane on the inner circumferential side is formed. On the outer circumference of the conical surface 14, an elongated gap piece (hereinafter also referred to as "gap piece") 16 is provided in the direction along the generatrix of the cone of the separating plate 12. The gap piece 16 forms a gap portion for maintaining the spacing D of the separating plates 12 stacked when assembled in a separating plate type centrifugal separator at, for example, 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm.

[0085] A notch 14B is formed on a portion of the inner circumferential side of the annular portion 14A. By inserting a key into the notch 14B and the notch formed in the annular portion 14A... Figure 8 The rotational position of the separation plate 12 is positioned (synchronized and stopped) between the keyways 101a of the guide tube 101 shown.

[0086] Here, the separation capacity (processing capacity) of the fluid being processed by centrifugal separation between the separation plates 12 as described above is generally proportional to the settling area, i.e., the surface area of ​​the separation plates 12. Therefore, in order to increase the separation capacity, the number of separation plates 12 or the outer diameter is usually increased.

[0087] In contrast, in the separation plate of this embodiment, a raised and recessed pattern 15, consisting of raised and recessed portions on the surface and back of the separation plate 12, is formed in the area between the elongated gap pieces 16 provided on the conical surface 14.

[0088] That is, such as Figures 9 to 12 As shown, in this embodiment, multiple separation plates are stacked inside the rotating container 11 at predetermined intervals in the stacking direction, forming a frustum-shaped structure that separates components with different specific gravities contained in the original liquid 13, which is introduced into the rotating container 11, using centrifugal force.

[0089] Furthermore, a raised pattern 15 is formed on the separation plate 12. The raised pattern 15 is composed of a protrusion 12A and a recess 12B, and is formed as a line segment along the generatrix of the conical surface 14 of the separation plate 12, extending from the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14 toward the upper edge 14D of the conical surface 14.

[0090] Moreover, as Figure 9 Sectional view III-III Figure 10 As shown, there are eight elongated spacer plates 16 (16a to 16h) disposed on the surface side of the conical surface 14 of the first separation plate 12-1, along the generatrix of the conical surface 14, and maintaining a predetermined interval D between them and the other second separation plates 12-2 stacked in sequence. Here, in this embodiment, the spacer plates 16 are assembled by welding.

[0091] Moreover, such as Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, a raised / recessed pattern 15 is formed between the first spacer 16a and the second spacer 16b, which are disposed adjacent to each other on the circumference of the separation plate 12. Figure 11 As shown, in this embodiment, the raised and recessed pattern 15 includes eight patterns (the first pattern to the eighth pattern), which are formed by a plurality of protrusions 12A and a plurality of recesses 12B of the first pattern 15.

[0092] Here, the angle α1 formed by the first protrusion 12A-1 and the second protrusion 12A-2 adjacent to the first protrusion 12A-1 is less than or equal to 10 degrees, and more preferably less than or equal to 8 degrees.

[0093] This is because, at temperatures exceeding 10 degrees Celsius, the rectification effect cannot be fully utilized in the rectification region 17 formed by the interval D between the separating liquid and the separating plate, as described below.

[0094] Here, a plurality of spacers 16 are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction on the surface of the separation plate 12.

[0095] In this embodiment, the number of spacers 16 may be set to 6 to 12, preferably 6 to 10.

[0096] In this embodiment, such as Figure 11 As shown in the top view, eight spacer plates 16a to 16h are provided along the conical surface 14, and the angle β formed by spacer plates 16a and 16b is set to 45 degrees.

[0097] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a raised-recessed pattern 15 consisting of 6 protrusions 12A and 5 recesses 12B is formed between the first gap plate 16a and the second gap plate 16b adjacent to the first gap plate 16a.

[0098] The angle α1 between the first convex portion 12A-1 forming the embossed pattern 15 and the second convex portion 12A-2 adjacent to the first convex portion 12A-1 is set to 5 degrees. It should be noted that the angle α2 between the first spacer 16a and the first convex portion 12A-1 adjacent to it is set to 10 degrees, forming a flat surface 14E.

[0099] When there are 8 spacers 16, β can be set as β = (α1 × 5) + (α2 × 2).

[0100] As an example, with β at 45 degrees, it looks like this: β = (α1 (5 degrees) × 5 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) × 2 pieces) = 45 degrees (8 spacers); β = (α1 (2.5 degrees) × 10 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) × 2 pieces) = 45 degrees (8 spacers).

[0101] Furthermore, when β is 60 degrees, it is as follows: β = (α1 (5 degrees) × 8 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) × 2 pieces) = 60 degrees (6 spacers); β = (α1 (8 degrees) × 5 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) × 2 pieces) = 60 degrees (6 spacers).

[0102] That is, the two sides of the first spacer 16a (between the first spacer 16a and the first protrusion 12A-1 and between the first spacer 16a and the sixth protrusion 12H-6 of the eighth convex-concave pattern 15) are formed as flat surfaces 14E, for example, when the separation plate 12 is formed, the convex-concave pattern 15 is reliably formed with a specified interval.

[0103] It should be noted that the angle varies depending on the number of spacers 16. However, for example, if there are 8 spacers 16, β can be set to 45 degrees, and in this case, α1 can be set to approximately 3 to 8 degrees. In this case, it is preferable that when α1 is 3 degrees, α2 is set to 15 degrees, and when α1 is 8 degrees, α2 is set to approximately 3 degrees.

[0104] Furthermore, in the state where multiple separation plates 12 (12-1, 12-2...) are stacked, the stacked area between the lower spacer 16-1 and the upper spacer 16-2 is formed by the surface of the lower separation plate 12-1 and the back of the other upper separation plate 12-2 in the stacked area to form a rectification area 17.

[0105] As a result, by forming the rectifying zone 17, the introduced raw liquid 13 is rectified, thus becoming laminar flow, rising and flowing in the gap D between the stacked separation plates. At this time, the heavier components (i.e., solid components and water) 13B that settle on the back of the separation plates 12-2 at the top of the stack will not be stirred up by turbulence. As a result, the heavier components separate towards the outer diameter of the rotating body, and the separation capacity of one side of the separated liquid 13 is improved, separating towards the center side of the rotating container 11.

[0106] In this invention, laminar flow refers to, as... Figure 9 As shown in the schematic diagram, the flow pattern in the region of the conical surface 14 of the separator plate with a convex-concave pattern 15A having six protrusions (the angle α1 between the first protrusion 12A-1 and the second protrusion 12A-2 adjacent to the first protrusion 12A-1 is less than or equal to 10 degrees) shows a flow in one direction. In contrast, in the region of the convex-concave pattern 15B where α1 exceeds 10 degrees, the flow does not become laminar, but rather turbulent due to the intersection of streamlines; the two flows are different.

[0107] Here, in Figure 17 (a) and (b) show Figure 16 The streamlines of the partial cross-sections of the separation plate shown in Xa and Xb are schematic diagrams of the approximate flow diagram.

[0108] like Figure 17 The streamline diagram in (a) shows that, in laminar flow, the velocity F1 near the wall of the separator is higher than that in laminar flow. Figure 17 The streamline diagram in (b) shows that the turbulent flow velocity F11 on the wall side is small. As a result, components with different specific gravities (solid components, water, etc.) in the introduced original liquid 13 tend to move towards the outer diameter side.

[0109] That is, such as Figure 17 As shown in (a), in the case of laminar flow, streamlines do not intersect, the flow velocity F2 is faster towards the center, and the flow velocity F3 on the wall side is approximately 0. As a result, due to centrifugal force, solid particles and water tend to move towards the outer diameter side of the rectifying region 17 or the embossed pattern 15A of the separation plate 12.

[0110] In contrast, such as Figure 17 As shown in (b), under turbulent conditions, streamlines intersect, and the flow velocities F12 in the central part are approximately the same, which is slightly slower than the flow velocities F11 on the wall side, and will not become as... Figure 17 The flow velocity F3 on the wall side shown in (a) is approximately 0. As a result, the movement of solid particles and water caused by centrifugal force towards the outer diameter side of the rectifying region 17 or the embossed pattern 15B of the separation plate 12 is suppressed.

[0111] As described above, according to the present invention, by adopting Figure 17 The region of the convex-concave pattern 15A in (a) becomes laminar flow, rather than becoming laminar flow. Figure 17 The turbulence in the region of the embossed pattern 15B in (b) improves the separation capability.

[0112] Thus, by defining the flow path formed by the embossed pattern 15 to form a rectifying region 17, the sliding of the separated liquid 13 on the separation plate 12 is prevented.

[0113] That is, when the conical surface 14 of the separation plate 12, which does not form the prescribed concave-convex pattern 15, is flat, it rotates counterclockwise at high speed during centrifugal separation. As a result, the separation liquid slides on the separation plate 12 in the direction of rotational delay and cannot be subjected to sufficient centrifugal force, thus reducing the separation efficiency.

[0114] This is because, on a high-speed rotating separation plate with a rotation speed of, for example, 5000 r / min to 10000 r / min (rpm), the separation liquid cannot be fully synchronized with the rotation. Due to the slippage in the direction of rotation delay, the liquid flow becomes turbulent, or only insufficient rotation below 10000 r / min is effective, and sufficient centrifugation effect cannot be obtained.

[0115] As a result, when a flat conical surface 14 without the convex-concave pattern 15 is used, the centrifugal force on the separated liquid is reduced, which in turn reduces the separation efficiency of components with different specific gravities in the separated liquid.

[0116] In contrast, as shown in this invention, a wall can be physically formed by providing a raised and recessed pattern 15 in the generatrix direction to prevent liquid from sliding in the rotational delay direction on the separation plate 12.

[0117] As a result, according to the present invention, it can be fully synchronized with the high-speed rotation of the separation plate 12, and can be subjected to the centrifugal effect to the maximum extent.

[0118] Furthermore, even with the same external dimensions of the separation plate 12, the increased surface area of ​​the conical surface 14 easily improves processing capacity. Therefore, for example, high processing capacity can be easily obtained even when the particle size is very small.

[0119] Furthermore, since the spacers 16 are arranged in a flat plate shape with a specified interval in the generatrix direction, even when multiple plates are stacked, the offset between the separation plates on the stacked sides is suppressed by compression and centrifugal force. As a result, the main causes such as deformation of the separation plates and mechanical vibration can be eliminated.

[0120] Furthermore, since the lower side of the embossed pattern 15 is formed by the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14, the introduction of the original liquid into the gap becomes reliable compared to the case where it is not formed by the lower edge 14C, and laminar flow can be formed immediately.

[0121] Here, in this embodiment, a discharge mechanism is provided in the circumferential area to discharge components with different specific gravities separated by centrifugal force to the outside. This mechanism is a self-discharging mechanism that discharges components (solid components / water, etc.) with different specific gravities that accumulate momentarily while maintaining the rotation of the separation plate 12 of the centrifugal separator.

[0122] For example, during the operation of the centrifugal separator, the vertically moving valve cylinder 111 moves upward, and the upper edge 111a of the outer periphery is pressed against the sealing part 112 to close the intermittent discharge port 113, causing components with different specific gravities (solid components, etc.) to accumulate. Then, for example, depending on the processing volume of the original liquid 13 and the content of its components with different specific gravities, if the amount of material accumulated in the rotating container 11 reaches a predetermined amount, the valve cylinder 111 moves downward, and the material is discharged all at once from the intermittent discharge port 113.

[0123] [Second Implementation] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the separation plate according to the second embodiment.

[0124] like Figure 13 As shown, in this embodiment, the separation plate has a plurality of notched liquid passage holes 19 formed on the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14.

[0125] By providing the liquid passage 19, the distribution and supply of the original liquid 13 to each separation plate becomes reliable when multiple separation plates are stacked.

[0126] Furthermore, by forming a notch-shaped liquid passage 19 at the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14, the original liquid 13 can be supplied evenly to the entire surface of the convex and concave pattern 15 formed on the separation plate 12.

[0127] [Third Implementation Method] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the separation plate according to the third embodiment. Figure 15 This is a top view of the separation plate in the third embodiment.

[0128] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, in this embodiment, the separation plate does not form a predetermined convex-concave pattern 15 throughout the circumferential region 14a near the upper edge 14D of the conical surface 14.

[0129] This is because if the raised and recessed pattern 15 is formed to the upper edge 14D, the possibility of cracks and deformation during manufacturing increases. Therefore, by not forming the prescribed raised and recessed pattern 15 in the circumferential region 14a, processability can be improved and the yield rate during manufacturing can be increased.

[0130] Industrial availability This invention can be used in all centrifugal separation devices and all other equipment.

[0131] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 100: Centrifugal separation device; 100a: Outer peripheral surface; 200: Sensor; 202: Shell; 212: Judgment Department; 214: Display unit; 216: Vibration sensing sensor (accelerometer); 218: First Reporting Department; 220: Second Reporting Department; 222: Inlet pressure sensing sensor; 224: Temperature sensing sensor; 226: Outlet pressure sensing sensor; 228: Circulation pipeline pressure sensing sensor; 230: Rotation speed sensor.

Claims

1. A sensor, characterized in that, include: The housing is disposed at a specified position on the outer circumferential surface of the centrifugal separator. A determination unit, disposed within the housing, receives sensing signals from various sensors and determines whether the sensing signal indicates normal or abnormal operation of the centrifugal separator; and The reporting department shall report the abnormal working state when the determination department determines that the abnormal working state is abnormal. The sensor is a vibration sensing sensor that senses the vibration of the centrifugal separation device. The vibration sensing sensor is disposed in the housing.

2. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifugal separator separates a liquid containing a heavier solid component from a lighter liquid component. The centrifugal separator includes an outlet pressure sensor located in the outlet region of the lighter liquid and senses the outlet pressure. The determination unit receives a sensing signal from the outlet pressure sensing sensor and determines whether the sensing signal indicates normal or abnormal operation of the centrifugal separator.

3. The sensor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The reporting unit utilizes one or both of a first reporting unit and a second reporting unit, wherein the first reporting unit is disposed in the housing, and the second reporting unit is disposed in a remote location and performs remote reporting.

4. The sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sensor also includes at least one of the following: leakage sensing function, discharge sensing function, partial discharge amount sensing function, and moisture sensing function.

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