Automatic control system and method for biomass briquetting production

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy processing, and discloses a biomass briquetting production automatic control system and method.The biomass briquetting production automatic control system comprises a screening module, a smashing module, a drying module and a pressing module; the screening module intermittently delivers biomass with specified weight into the crushing module; the drying module comprises a hot air unit, a weighing unit, a sampling total water content calculation unit and a processing unit; the processing unit is used for estimating the current water content proportion of the current batch of biomass according to the output data of the weighing unit and the sampling water content total calculation unit; and when the current water content ratio reaches a specified value in a specified threshold range, conveying the current batch of biomass to a pressing module for briquetting and pressing. And data support is provided for subsequent accurate drying control, and raw material waste and energy loss caused by improper moisture control are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of biomass energy processing, and in particular to an automated control system for biomass briquetting production. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass briquettes are produced by processing biomass raw materials such as straw, sawdust, and bagasse and pressing them into blocks of a certain shape for fuel or raw materials. They have advantages such as high density and ease of transportation and storage. Agricultural and forestry waste raw materials have problems such as large differences in moisture content, irregular size, and many impurities. Therefore, the traditional biomass briquette production process usually includes screening, crushing, drying, and pressing, with each step carried out in sequence by conveying equipment.

[0003] Because the crushing and drying processes are separate, the crushed biomass fragments need to wait for the drying process, resulting in a long production cycle. At the same time, the moisture control of biomass raw materials is not precise enough. If the moisture content is too high, it will affect the preservation of the briquettes, making them prone to spoilage and clumping, requiring additional dispersing equipment and disrupting the continuity of the automated process. If the moisture content is too low, the briquettes will be easily broken, ultimately affecting the quality of the briquettes. Therefore, the moisture control in the drying process needs to be more precise. However, the existing online moisture meters are prone to increased errors under continuous long-term operation. Subsequent maintenance and calibration will affect production efficiency, and the accuracy of the moisture content will affect the normal operation of subsequent processes, leading to unstable product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the production efficiency and quality stability of biomass briquettes at a low cost, this application provides an automated control system for biomass briquette production.

[0005] Firstly, this application provides an automated control system for biomass briquetting production, employing the following technical solution: An automated control system for biomass briquetting production includes a screening module, a crushing module, a drying module, and a pressing module connected in sequence via a conveying module. The drying module dries the biomass while the crushing module crushes it. The screening module intermittently feeds a specified weight of the biomass into the crushing module. The drying module includes a hot air unit, a weighing unit, a sampling total moisture content calculation unit, and a processing unit; the sampling moisture content calculation unit is used to quantitatively calculate the total moisture content percentage of the current batch of biomass, and the processing unit is used to estimate the current moisture content percentage of the current batch of biomass based on the output data of the weighing unit and the sampling total moisture content calculation unit. When the current moisture content reaches a specified value within a specified threshold range, the current batch of biomass is transported to the pressing module for briquetting.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solutions, the increased specific surface area of ​​biomass during the crushing process enhances the heat exchange efficiency between hot air and biomass, significantly improving overall production efficiency. Intermittent feeding of a specified weight of biomass allows each batch of material to form an independent processing unit, avoiding cross-interference between different batches. Comparison of specified values ​​ensures the consistency of moisture content in each batch of briquettes, solving the problems of loose briquettes, easy mold growth, or brittleness caused by moisture fluctuations in traditional production, thus improving product quality stability. Through the collaboration of the weighing unit, the sampling total moisture content calculation unit, and the processing unit, dynamic monitoring and estimation of biomass moisture can be achieved, avoiding the lag and errors of manual testing. This provides data support for subsequent precise drying control, reducing raw material waste and energy loss caused by improper moisture control.

[0007] Optionally, the output data of the weighing unit includes data on the change of the current total weight of the current batch of biomass over time. , Batch number; The calculation process of the processing unit includes: in, The initial total weight of the current batch of biomass. The percentage of total water content, This is the current estimated water content.

[0008] Optionally, a filter unit is provided at the hot air outlet of the drying module; The calculation process of the processing unit also includes: when When the upper limit of the specified threshold range is reached, the weight increase of the filtering unit is obtained. and actual moisture content ; in, This refers to the current water content.

[0009] Optionally, the percentage of total water content The calculation process includes: Extract biomass samples from the current batch of biomass; Obtain the weight change curve of the biomass sample during the independent drying process. ; Real-time calculation of the weight change curve The derivative value is used to record weight change data when the derivative value is less than a specified value. ; in, The initial weight of the biomass sample.

[0010] Optionally, the screening module includes a vibrating screen, a weight detection device, and a feeding control device; The vibrating screen is used to screen biomass raw materials; The weight detection device is used to detect the weight of biomass that enters the feeding area after screening. The feeding control device is used to feed the batch of biomass to the crushing module when the detected biomass weight reaches the specified weight.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, the vibrating screen can effectively remove impurities and oversized particles from biomass raw materials, preventing impurities from entering the subsequent crushing module and causing equipment wear. At the same time, it ensures that the initial particle size of the raw materials entering the crushing module is uniform, laying the foundation for improving subsequent crushing efficiency and ensuring consistent particle size after crushing. The combination of the weight detection device and the feeding control device can accurately control the feeding weight of each batch, avoiding overloading the crushing module and insufficient crushing due to excessive feeding, or idling the equipment and wasting energy due to insufficient feeding. This achieves stable load operation of the crushing module, further ensuring the uniformity of material processing parameters for each batch, and indirectly improving the uniformity of briquette product quality.

[0012] Optionally, the feeding control device further includes a timer, which issues a warning signal when the time interval between two adjacent feedings exceeds a preset time threshold.

[0013] By using the timer described above to monitor the time interval between two adjacent feedings, the raw material supply status can be fed back in real time. When the interval exceeds the preset time threshold, an early warning signal is issued in a timely manner to remind the operator that the raw material supply is insufficient, thus preventing the subsequent crushing, drying, and pressing modules from running idle and stopping due to lack of material, reducing production interruption time. At the same time, the early warning allows the operator to check the problem in time, ensuring the continuity of the production process, avoiding excessively long production intervals between batches due to sudden material shortages, reducing the loss of overall production efficiency, and improving the stability and operability of equipment operation.

[0014] Optionally, the pulverizing module includes a pulverizing chamber, pulverizing blades, a drive motor, and a particle size detection device; The pulverizing blades are driven to rotate by a drive motor to pulverize the biomass; The particle size detection device is used to detect the particle size of the crushed biomass. When the detected particle size exceeds the preset particle size range, the speed of the drive motor is adjusted.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the particle size detection device can capture the particle size change of biomass after crushing in real time. When the particle size exceeds the preset range, the speed of the drive motor is adjusted to ensure that the particle size of the crushed biomass is always in the optimal range for subsequent drying and pressing. On the one hand, a suitable particle size can ensure uniform hot air penetration during drying and avoid local under-drying or over-drying. On the other hand, a uniform particle size can make the material be subjected to uniform force during pressing, reduce the internal voids of the briquettes, and improve the density and mechanical strength of the briquettes, thus solving the problems of low drying efficiency and easy briquette breakage caused by uncontrolled particle size in traditional crushing.

[0016] Optionally, the hot air unit includes a heater, a fan, a temperature sensor, and a wind speed sensor; The heater is used to heat the air, and the fan is used to send the heated air into the drying module. The temperature sensor and wind speed sensor are used to detect the temperature and wind speed of the hot air, respectively. The processing unit can adjust the heating power of the heater and the speed of the fan based on the difference between the current water content and the specified value.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solutions, temperature and wind speed sensors can acquire key parameters of hot air in real time, providing precise control basis for the processing unit and avoiding energy waste caused by the operation of traditional hot air units with fixed parameters. When the current moisture content is higher than the specified value, increasing the heating power and fan speed can enhance the drying intensity, shorten the drying time, and avoid the need for secondary processing due to insufficient drying. When the current moisture content is lower than the specified value, reducing the heating power and fan speed can reduce ineffective energy consumption, while avoiding over-drying that leads to biomass embrittlement and dust loss during pressing.

[0018] Secondly, this application provides an automated control method for biomass briquetting production, employing the following technical solution: S1: The screening module screens the biomass raw materials. When the weight of the biomass entering the feeding area after screening reaches the specified weight, the feeding control device sends the batch of biomass to the crushing module. S2: The crushing module crushes the received biomass, and at the same time the drying module begins to dry the biomass during the crushing process. S3: The weighing unit detects the total weight of the current batch of biomass in real time, and the sampling moisture content calculation unit periodically samples the current batch of biomass and calculates the percentage of total moisture content in the sample. S4: The processing unit estimates the current moisture content of the current batch of biomass based on the total weight detected by the weighing unit and the percentage of total moisture content calculated by the sampling moisture content calculation unit. S5: The processing unit adjusts the operating parameters of the hot air unit based on the comparison between the current moisture content and the specified threshold range; S6: When the current moisture content reaches a specified value within a specified threshold range, the processing unit controls the conveying module to transport the current batch of biomass to the pressing module; S7: The pressing module presses the received biomass into briquettes.

[0019] Optionally, in step S5, the adjustment of the operating parameters of the hot air unit adopts a PID control algorithm. The difference between the current water content and the specified value is used as input, and the adjustment amount of the heater heating power and the fan speed is calculated by the PID controller so that the current water content can quickly and stably approach the specified value.

[0020] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: This application utilizes the increased specific surface area of ​​biomass during the crushing process to improve the heat exchange efficiency between hot air and biomass, significantly enhancing overall production efficiency. Intermittent feeding of a specified weight of biomass allows each batch of material to form an independent processing unit, avoiding cross-interference between different batches. Comparison of specified values ​​ensures the consistency of moisture content in each batch of briquettes, solving the problems of loose briquettes, easy mold growth, or brittleness caused by moisture fluctuations in traditional production, thus improving product quality stability. Through the collaboration of the weighing unit, the sampling total moisture content calculation unit, and the processing unit, dynamic monitoring and estimation of biomass moisture content are achieved, avoiding the lag and errors of manual testing. This provides data support for subsequent precise drying control, reducing raw material waste and energy loss caused by improper moisture control. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the module connection principle of the automated control system for biomass briquetting production in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0023] In the description of this specification, the references to "certain embodiments," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the described embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0024] This application discloses an automated control system for biomass briquetting production, referring to... Figure 1The system includes a screening module, a crushing module, a drying module, and a pressing module connected in sequence via a conveying module. The drying module dries the biomass while the crushing module crushes it. The screening module intermittently feeds a specified weight of the biomass into the crushing module. The drying module includes a hot air unit, a weighing unit, a sampling total moisture content calculation unit, and a processing unit; the sampling moisture content calculation unit is used to quantitatively calculate the total moisture content percentage of the current batch of biomass, and the processing unit is used to estimate the current moisture content percentage of the current batch of biomass based on the output data of the weighing unit and the sampling total moisture content calculation unit. When the current moisture content reaches 13% within the range of 10%-15%, the current batch of biomass is transported to the pressing module for briquetting.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, the increased specific surface area of ​​biomass during the crushing process enhances the heat exchange efficiency between hot air and biomass, significantly improving overall production efficiency. Intermittent feeding of a specified weight of biomass allows each batch of material to form an independent processing unit, avoiding cross-interference between different batches. Comparison of specified values ​​ensures the consistency of moisture content in each batch of briquettes, solving the problems of loose briquettes, easy mold growth, or brittleness caused by moisture fluctuations in traditional production, thus improving product quality stability. Through the collaboration of the weighing unit, the sampling total moisture content calculation unit, and the processing unit, dynamic monitoring and estimation of biomass moisture are achieved, avoiding the lag and errors of manual testing, providing data support for subsequent precise drying control, and reducing raw material waste and energy loss caused by improper moisture control.

[0026] Optionally, the output data of the weighing unit includes data on the change of the current total weight of the current batch of biomass over time. , Batch number; The calculation process of the processing unit includes: in, The initial total weight of the current batch of biomass. The percentage of total water content, This is the current estimated water content.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the total water content percentage of the current batch of biomass obtained by the sampling total water content calculation unit can ensure the reliability of the calculation accuracy.

[0028] Optionally, a filter unit is provided at the hot air outlet of the drying module; The calculation process of the processing unit also includes: when When the weight increase reaches 15%, the weight gain of the filter unit is obtained. and actual moisture content ; in, This refers to the current water content.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the combination of the pulverizing module and the drying module will result in the release of a large amount of fine powder and moisture. Therefore, when calculating the current moisture content, the dust and moisture intercepted and absorbed by the filtration unit need to be taken into account, resulting in a weight increase. This includes the total weight of dust and moisture intercepted and absorbed by the filter unit during this drying stage, which needs to be determined from... Remove from the middle. This indicates the weight of water that has been intercepted and absorbed, which also needs to be removed from the numerator to improve the accuracy of the calculation.

[0030] Optionally, the percentage of total water content The calculation process includes: Extract biomass samples from the current batch of biomass; Obtain the weight change curve of the biomass sample during the independent drying process. ; Real-time calculation of the weight change curve The derivative value is used to record weight change data when the derivative value is less than a specified value. ; in, The initial weight of the biomass sample.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, during the drying process, as the moisture content decreases, the rate of weight reduction also decreases, thereby enabling accurate and rapid determination of the point where the product is nearing complete drying.

[0032] Optionally, the screening module includes a vibrating screen, a weight detection device, and a feeding control device; The vibrating screen is used to screen biomass raw materials; The weight detection device is used to detect the weight of biomass that enters the feeding area after screening. The feeding control device is used to feed the batch of biomass to the crushing module when the detected biomass weight reaches the specified weight.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solutions, the vibrating screen can effectively remove impurities (such as stones and soil) and oversized materials (such as large, uncrushed straw) from biomass raw materials, preventing impurities from entering the subsequent crushing module and causing equipment wear. At the same time, it ensures that the initial particle size of the raw materials entering the crushing module is uniform, laying the foundation for improving subsequent crushing efficiency and ensuring consistent particle size after crushing. The combination of the weight detection device and the feeding control device can accurately control the feeding weight of each batch, avoiding overloading the crushing module and insufficient crushing due to excessive feeding, or idling the equipment and wasting energy due to insufficient feeding. This achieves stable load operation of the crushing module, further ensuring the uniformity of material processing parameters for each batch, and indirectly improving the uniformity of briquette product quality.

[0034] Optionally, the feeding control device further includes a timer, which issues a warning signal when the time interval between two adjacent feedings exceeds a preset time threshold.

[0035] By using the timer described above to monitor the time interval between two adjacent feeding operations, the raw material supply status can be fed back in real time. When the interval exceeds the preset time threshold, an early warning signal is issued in a timely manner to remind the operator that the raw material supply is insufficient (such as blockage of the raw material conveying pipeline or lack of material in the storage bin), thus avoiding the subsequent crushing, drying, and pressing modules from running idle and stopping due to lack of material, reducing production interruption time. At the same time, the early warning allows the operator to check the problem in time (such as clearing blocked pipelines and replenishing raw materials), ensuring the continuity of the production process, avoiding excessively long production intervals between batches due to sudden material shortages, reducing the loss of overall production efficiency, and improving the stability and operability of equipment operation.

[0036] Optionally, the pulverizing module includes a pulverizing chamber, pulverizing blades, a drive motor, and a particle size detection device; The pulverizing blades are driven to rotate by a drive motor to pulverize the biomass; The particle size detection device is used to detect the particle size of the crushed biomass. When the detected particle size exceeds the preset particle size range, the speed of the drive motor is adjusted.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the particle size detection device can capture the particle size change of biomass after crushing in real time. When the particle size exceeds the preset range (e.g., if the particle size is too large, it will lead to insufficient subsequent drying; if the particle size is too small, it will easily generate dust and increase the loss carried away by hot air), the speed of the drive motor is adjusted (e.g., if the particle size is too large, the speed is increased to enhance the crushing intensity; if the particle size is too small, the speed is decreased to reduce over-crushing). This ensures that the particle size of the crushed biomass is always within the optimal range for subsequent drying and pressing. On the one hand, a suitable particle size can ensure uniform hot air penetration during drying, avoiding local insufficient or excessive drying. On the other hand, a uniform particle size can make the material be subjected to uniform force during pressing, reduce the internal voids of the briquettes, and improve the density and mechanical strength of the briquettes. This solves the problems of low drying efficiency and briquettes that are easily broken due to uncontrolled particle size in traditional crushing.

[0038] Optionally, the hot air unit includes a heater, a fan, a temperature sensor, and a wind speed sensor; The heater is used to heat the air, and the fan is used to send the heated air into the drying module. The temperature sensor and wind speed sensor are used to detect the temperature and wind speed of the hot air, respectively. The processing unit can adjust the heating power of the heater and the speed of the fan based on the difference between the current water content and the specified value.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solutions, temperature and wind speed sensors can acquire key parameters of the hot air in real time, providing precise control basis for the processing unit and avoiding energy waste caused by the fixed parameter operation of traditional hot air units. When the current moisture content is higher than the specified value, increasing the heating power and fan speed can enhance the drying intensity, shorten the drying time, and avoid the need for secondary processing due to insufficient drying. When the current moisture content is lower than the specified value, reducing the heating power and fan speed can reduce ineffective energy consumption, while avoiding over-drying that leads to biomass embrittlement and dust loss during pressing. This dynamic adjustment logic enables the energy consumption of the hot air unit to be precisely matched with the drying requirements, reducing drying energy consumption compared to the traditional fixed parameter operation mode, while ensuring that the biomass moisture content is stably close to the specified value, further improving the quality of the pressed briquettes.

[0040] Secondly, this application provides an automated control method for biomass briquetting production, employing the following technical solution: S1: The screening module screens the biomass raw materials. When the weight of the biomass entering the feeding area after screening reaches the specified weight, the feeding control device sends the batch of biomass to the crushing module. S2: The crushing module crushes the received biomass, and at the same time the drying module begins to dry the biomass during the crushing process. S3: The weighing unit detects the total weight of the current batch of biomass in real time, and the sampling moisture content calculation unit periodically samples the current batch of biomass and calculates the percentage of total moisture content in the sample. S4: The processing unit estimates the current moisture content of the current batch of biomass based on the total weight detected by the weighing unit and the percentage of total moisture content calculated by the sampling moisture content calculation unit. S5: The processing unit adjusts the operating parameters of the hot air unit based on the comparison between the current moisture content and the specified threshold range; S6: When the current moisture content reaches a specified value within a specified threshold range, the processing unit controls the conveying module to transport the current batch of biomass to the pressing module; S7: The pressing module presses the received biomass into briquettes.

[0041] Optionally, in step S5, the adjustment of the operating parameters of the hot air unit adopts a PID control algorithm. The difference between the current water content and the specified value is used as input, and the adjustment amount of the heater heating power and the fan speed is calculated by the PID controller so that the current water content can quickly and stably approach the specified value.

[0042] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A biomass briquette production automated control system comprising a screening module, a pulverizing module, a drying module and a pressing module connected in sequence through a transfer module, characterized in that, The drying module performs drying treatment while the crushing module is crushing the biomass, and the screening module intermittently feeds the specified weight of the biomass into the crushing module; The drying module comprises a hot air unit, a weighing unit, a sampling total moisture content calculation unit and a processing unit; the sampling total moisture content calculation unit is used to quantitatively calculate the total moisture content proportion of the current batch of biomass, and the processing unit is used to estimate the current moisture content proportion of the current batch of biomass according to the output data of the weighing unit and the sampling total moisture content calculation unit; When the current moisture content proportion reaches a specified value within a specified threshold range, the current batch of biomass is transported to the briquetting module for briquetting.

2. The automated control system for biomass briquette production of claim 1, wherein, The output data of the weighing unit includes current total weight over time data of the current batch of biomass , is a batch number; The calculation process of the processing unit comprises: wherein, is the initial total weight of the current batch of biomass, is the total water content percentage, is the current estimated water content percentage.

3. The automated control system for biomass briquette production of claim 2, wherein, The hot air outlet of the drying module is provided with a filtering unit; The calculation process of the processing unit further comprises: When reaching the upper limit of the specified threshold range, obtaining the weight growth amount of the filter unit and the actual moisture content ; wherein, is the current water cut.

4. The automated control system for biomass briquette production of claim 1, wherein, The total amount of water content accounts for The calculation process includes: A biomass sample in the current batch of biomass is extracted; obtaining a weight change curve of the biomass sample during independent drying ; calculating the derivative value of the weight change curve in real time, and recording the weight change data when the derivative value is less than a specified value calculating the derivative value of the weight change curve in real time, and recording the weight change data when the derivative value is less than a specified value ; wherein, is the initial weight of the biomass sample.

5. The automated control system for biomass briquette production of claim 1, wherein, The screening module comprises a vibrating screen, a weight detection device and a feeding control device; The vibrating screen is used to screen the biomass raw material; The weight detection device is used to detect the weight of the biomass entering the feeding area after screening; The feeding control device is used to feed the batch of biomass into the crushing module when the detected weight of the biomass reaches the specified weight.

6. The automated control system for biomass briquette production of claim 1, wherein, The feeding control device further comprises a timer, and when the time interval between adjacent two feedings exceeds a preset time threshold, a warning signal is sent.

7. The automated control system for biomass briquette production of claim 1, wherein, The crushing module comprises a crushing cavity, a crushing cutter, a driving motor and a particle size detection device; The crushing cutter is driven to rotate by the driving motor to crush the biomass; The particle size detection device is used to detect the particle size of the crushed biomass, and when the detected particle size exceeds a preset particle size range, the rotation speed of the driving motor is adjusted.

8. The automated control system for biomass briquette production of claim 1, wherein, The hot air unit comprises a heater, a fan, a temperature sensor and a wind speed sensor; The heater is used to heat air, and the fan is used to send the heated air into the drying module; The temperature sensor and the wind speed sensor are respectively used to detect the temperature and the wind speed of the hot air; The processing unit can adjust the heating power of the heater and the rotation speed of the fan according to the difference between the current moisture content proportion and the specified value.

9. A method for controlling the biomass briquette production automation, applied to the biomass briquette production automation system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The steps comprise: S1: The screening module screens the biomass raw material, and when the weight of the biomass entering the feeding area after screening reaches the specified weight, the feeding control device feeds the batch of biomass into the crushing module; S2: The crushing module crushes the received biomass, and at the same time, the drying module starts to perform drying treatment on the biomass in the crushing process; S3: The weighing unit detects the total weight of the current batch of biomass in real time, and the sampling total moisture content calculation unit periodically samples the current batch of biomass and calculates the sampling total moisture content proportion; S4: The processing unit estimates the current moisture content proportion of the current batch of biomass according to the total weight detected by the weighing unit and the sampling total moisture content proportion calculated by the sampling total moisture content calculation unit; S5: The processing unit adjusts the working parameters of the hot air unit according to the comparison result of the current moisture content proportion and the specified threshold range. S6: When the current water content reaches a specified value within a specified threshold range, the processing unit controls the conveying module to convey the current batch of biomass to the briquetting module; S7: The briquetting module briquettes the received biomass to form biomass briquettes.

10. The automated control system for biomass briquette production of claim 9, wherein, In the step S5, the adjustment of the hot air unit operating parameters adopts a PID control algorithm, taking the difference between the current water content and the specified value as input, and calculating the adjustment amount of the heater heating power and the fan speed through the PID controller, so that the current water content quickly and stably approaches the specified value.

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