Device and method for pumping and draining gas generated when highway tunnel passes through coal seam

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for pumping and draining gas generated when a highway tunnel penetrates through a coal seam in the technical field of tunnel engineering and safety. The device comprises a floral tube, and one end of the floral tube is communicated with an extraction tube; the end, close to the floral tube, of the extraction tube is annularly sleeved with a driving assembly, the surface of the floral tube is slidably connected with a rotating disc, a plurality of scraping plates are arranged on one side of the rotating disc in a circular array mode, and the other side of the rotating disc is provided with an inner gear and meshed with the driving assembly through the inner gear. The driving assembly is used for driving the rotating disc to rotate; the extraction pipe communicates with a suction assembly used for providing negative pressure suction force for the extraction pipe. According to the device, the driving assembly drives the rotating disc and the scraping plate to rotate on the surface of the floral tube, coal cinder and coal slime hydrate on the surface of the floral tube and at air holes can be effectively scraped, and blocking is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering and safety technology, specifically to a gas extraction device and method for highway tunnels crossing coal seams. Background Technology

[0002] The main component of methane gas is methane (CH4). When the methane concentration in the air reaches 5%-16%, it will explode violently upon contact with an open flame or high temperature (such as mechanical friction or electric sparks). In the confined space of a tunnel, the consequences of such an explosion are extremely severe, potentially leading to collapse, casualties, and equipment damage. Coal seams themselves are methane reservoirs. During tunnel excavation, the original stress balance of the coal seam is disrupted, and methane will be continuously released into the tunnel space. If not pumped out in time, the concentration will rapidly rise to a dangerous level. Therefore, existing technologies use equipment such as drilling (drilling into the coal seam from the tunnel perimeter or working face), pipelines, and negative pressure fans to extract gas from the coal seam and transport it to a safe area (such as the ground), thereby reducing the gas content in the coal seam and tunnel. Pre-extraction is carried out before construction to reduce the gas content in the coal seam; during construction, continuous extraction is performed to control the gas concentration at the excavation face; and during operation, long-term monitoring and extraction are achieved through fixed extraction systems (such as pre-buried pipelines and zoned extraction).

[0003] Wet drilling is essential for drilling at the working face. This technique uses water as a coolant, lubricant, and slag removal medium during drilling. It is widely used in coal mine gas extraction and tunnel construction. Its core principle is to use water to mix with drill cuttings to form mud, achieving efficient slag removal and dust control. After drilling, the drill cuttings (coal slag) mix with cooling water to form a high-viscosity coal slurry hydrate. Although most of this hydrate is discharged during drilling, some remains in the finished borehole. With the installation of subsequent extraction pipes (slot pipes) and the activation of corresponding suction equipment, this residual hydrate is adsorbed by negative pressure at the holes of the slot pipes, causing blockage and reducing actual suction efficiency. Furthermore, if the interbedded rock layers in the primary coal seam (such as quartzite or pyrite nodules) are hard, they are easily broken into large particles during drilling and are difficult to remove by water or air flow, further exacerbating blockage problems.

[0004] Therefore, this invention proposes a gas extraction device and method for highway tunnels passing through coal seams to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a gas extraction device and method for highway tunnels traversing coal seams. This device effectively scrapes away coal slag and coal slurry hydrates from the surface of the perforated pipe and the pores, preventing blockages, ensuring unobstructed gas extraction channels, and improving extraction efficiency. It solves the problem in the prior art where perforated pipes are easily blocked by coal slag and other materials, leading to reduced extraction efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a gas extraction device for a highway tunnel crossing a coal seam, comprising a perforated pipe, one end of which is connected to an extraction pipe; a driving assembly is looped around the extraction pipe near the perforated pipe, a rotating disk is slidably connected to the surface of the perforated pipe, a plurality of scraping plates are arranged in a circular array on one side of the rotating disk, and an internal gear is provided on the other side of the rotating disk and meshes with the driving assembly through the internal gear; the driving assembly is used to drive the rotating disk to rotate; and a suction assembly is connected to the extraction pipe to provide negative pressure suction for the extraction pipe.

[0007] Basic principle: The suction component provides negative pressure suction to the extraction pipe. Under the action of negative pressure, the gas in the coal seam enters the extraction pipe through the perforated pipe to achieve extraction. At the same time, the drive component meshes with the internal gear of the rotating disk, driving the rotating disk to slide and rotate on the surface of the perforated pipe. The rotating disk drives the scraper to rotate synchronously. The scraper scrapes and cleans the coal slag and coal slurry hydrate on the surface of the perforated pipe and at the vent holes, preventing them from clogging the perforated pipe and ensuring the smooth flow of gas extraction channels.

[0008] The above solution has the following advantages: Compared with the existing technology, this solution effectively solves the problem of gas pipe blockage. By continuously rotating the scraper, the residual coal slag and coal slurry hydrate on the surface of the gas pipe and at the vent holes can be removed in time, preventing the decrease in gas extraction efficiency caused by blockage and ensuring the stability and continuity of gas extraction.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a drive seat fixedly connected to the extraction pipe. The drive seat is provided with several drive cavities, and each drive cavity is provided with a rotating shaft. One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to several fan blades, and the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a transmission assembly for transmitting mechanical energy to the rotating disk and causing the rotating disk to rotate. The drive chamber is connected to an air supply pipe at the end near the fan blade, and the air supply pipe is connected to a pump assembly; the drive chamber is connected to an exhaust pipe at the end away from the fan blade.

[0010] Beneficial effects: Gas is delivered to the drive chamber via the pump assembly and gas supply pipe, which drives the fan blades to rotate the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is then driven to rotate by the transmission assembly. No additional complex electric drive device is required. Power transmission is achieved through pneumatic means, which is safer and especially suitable for flammable and explosive environments such as gas. The setting of multiple drive chambers and rotating shafts can provide more stable driving force, ensuring that the rotating disk and scraper work continuously and efficiently. The exhaust pipe can discharge the gas in the drive chamber in a timely manner, ensuring smooth airflow circulation and maintaining the stable operation of the drive assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, each transmission component includes a first gear and several second gears. The first gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the surface of the extraction tube. The end of the rotating shaft away from the drive cavity passes through the drive seat and is coaxially fixedly connected to the second gear. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the drive seat. Each second gear meshes with the first gear and with the internal gear.

[0012] Beneficial effects: Through the meshing transmission of the first gear, the second gear and the internal gear, the power of the rotating shaft is stably transmitted to the rotating disk. The gear transmission has high precision and high efficiency, which can ensure that the rotating disk rotates at a uniform speed, so that the scraping plate is evenly stressed and the scraping effect is improved. Multiple second gears mesh with the first gear and the internal gear at the same time, which can distribute the force, reduce the wear of individual gears, extend the service life of the transmission components, and ensure the smoothness of the rotating disk rotation.

[0013] Furthermore, a stabilizing ring is slidably fitted on the surface of the flower tube, and all stabilizing rings are fixedly connected to the inner side of the scraping plate.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The stabilizing ring slides and fits on the surface of the perforated pipe and is fixed to the scraper plate, which can support and position the scraper plate, prevent the scraper plate from shifting or shaking due to uneven force during rotation, ensure that the scraper plate always fits the surface of the perforated pipe, improve the stability and thoroughness of scraping coal slag, and enhance the rigidity of the overall structure of the rotating disk and the scraper plate.

[0015] Furthermore, both ends of the drive cavity have chamfered structures.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The chamfered structure can reduce the eddies and resistance of gas at the inlet and outlet of the drive chamber, allowing gas to enter and exit the drive chamber more smoothly, increasing the driving force of the gas on the fan blades and improving drive efficiency; at the same time, the chamfered structure can prevent gas from accumulating in corners, reducing wear inside the drive chamber and extending the service life of the drive chamber.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner side of the scraping plate is provided with a number of grooves along its length, and each groove is fitted with a pushing block. The pushing block is spherical at one end near the flower tube, and the other end of each pushing block is fixedly connected to a number of springs, one end of each spring being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove. The pushing blocks correspond to the air holes on the surface of the flower tube.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The pushing block is always in contact with the surface of the perforated tube under the action of the spring. The spherical structure can better adapt to the shape of the pores, and can push and clean the coal slag and coal slurry hydrate in the pores in a targeted manner, so as to avoid the pores being blocked. The elasticity of the spring gives the pushing block a buffering ability and a reset function, which can ensure the cleaning effect without damaging the surface of the perforated tube due to excessive squeezing.

[0019] Furthermore, the inner wall of each groove is connected to several air jet channels, which extend to the inner side of the scraping plate and are distributed in a circular array along the corresponding groove.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The jet channel can spray gas from the inside of the scraper to blow away the coal slag scraped off by the scraper, making it detach from the surface of the perforated pipe and preventing the coal slag from re-attaching; the circular array of jet channels can cover the cleaning area in all directions, improving the cleaning effect, while the airflow can assist the gas to enter the perforated pipe, improving the extraction efficiency.

[0021] Furthermore, an elastic layer is provided on the spherical end of each push block.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The elastic layer can prevent the pushing block from making direct hard contact with the surface of the perforated pipe, reduce wear on the surface of the perforated pipe, and protect the structure of the perforated pipe; at the same time, the elastic layer has a certain deformation capacity, which can better fit the surface of the perforated pipe and the edge of the pores, and enhance the pushing and cleaning effect on the coal slag in the pores.

[0023] Furthermore, a one-way valve is installed inside the extraction pipe.

[0024] Beneficial effects: Installing a one-way valve inside the extraction pipe can prevent gas backflow, ensuring that extracted gas will not flow back to the coal seam or tunnel due to extraction component failure or pressure fluctuations, thus improving system safety; at the same time, it maintains stable extraction negative pressure, reduces energy consumption, protects equipment from high-pressure impacts, and extends pipeline service life.

[0025] On the other hand, this application discloses a method for gas drainage in highway tunnels crossing coal seams, comprising the following steps: Step 1, Drilling and Equipment Installation: Drilling is carried out in the coal seam area through which the highway tunnel passes according to the design parameters. The perforated pipe and the extraction pipe are inserted into the borehole together, and polyurethane sealant is injected in sections at the borehole opening for sealing and fixing. Step 2, Start the extraction system: Start the suction assembly to create negative pressure in the extraction pipe. Under the action of negative pressure, the gas in the coal seam enters the perforated pipe through the pores on the surface of the perforated pipe and is then extracted through the extraction pipe. At the same time, start the pump assembly to deliver gas to the drive chamber through the gas delivery pipe. The gas drives the fan blades on the rotating shaft in the drive chamber to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating shaft to rotate. Step 3, scraping and cleaning operation: When the rotating shaft rotates, the first gear, the second gear and the internal gear form a planetary gear structure, which transmits mechanical energy to the rotating disk, so that the rotating disk rotates on the surface of the tube. The rotating disk drives the scraping plate to rotate synchronously, and the scraping plate scrapes and cleans the coal slag on the surface of the tube. Step 4, System Operation Monitoring and Maintenance: During the extraction process, monitor the gas concentration, flow rate and pressure parameters in the extraction pipe, and adjust the operating parameters of the suction component and pump component.

[0026] Beneficial Effects: This method for gas drainage in highway tunnels traversing coal seams achieves high efficiency and safety through a multi-step, coordinated operation. Step one employs segmented sealing and fixing to ensure the stable installation of the perforated pipe and the extraction pipe, reducing the risk of gas leakage and laying a reliable foundation for drainage. Step two simultaneously activates the drainage and drive systems, utilizing pneumatic drive to power the scraping and cleaning while extracting gas under negative pressure, enabling parallel drainage and unblocking operations and improving overall efficiency. Step three utilizes a planetary gear transmission structure to ensure stable rotation of the scraper, effectively removing coal slag from the surface of the perforated pipe and at the vent holes, preventing blockages that could affect drainage performance. Step four uses real-time monitoring and parameter adjustment to dynamically optimize system operation, ensuring continuous and stable drainage and reducing equipment failures and safety hazards. This entire method organically combines installation, drainage, unblocking, and monitoring, adapting to the complex environment of coal seams and efficiently addressing blockage issues during gas drainage, ensuring tunnel construction safety.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is an overall isometric view of an embodiment of the coal seam gas drainage device for highway tunnels according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is an overall side sectional view of an embodiment of the coal seam gas drainage device for highway tunnels according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of part A of an embodiment of the coal seam gas drainage device for highway tunnels according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is an isometric view of the scraping plate of an embodiment of the coal seam gas extraction device for highway tunnels according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the rotating disk of an embodiment of the coal seam gas extraction device for highway tunnels according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is an isometric view of the extraction pipe and the perforated pipe of an embodiment of the coal seam gas extraction device for highway tunnels of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission components of an embodiment of the coal seam gas extraction device for highway tunnels according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a side sectional view of the scraping plate in an embodiment of the coal seam gas extraction device for highway tunnels according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gas drainage method for highway tunnels crossing coal seams according to the present invention.

[0029] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Extraction pipe; 101. First gear; 102. Flower pipe; 2. Gas delivery pipe; 3. Exhaust pipe; 4. Polyurethane layer; 5. Drive base; 501. Second gear; 502. Rotating shaft; 503. Fan blade; 504. Drive cavity; 6. Rotating disk; 601. Scraper; 602. Stabilizing ring; 7. Groove; 701. Spring; 702. Pushing block; 703. Jet channel. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: Example 1:

[0034] As attached Figure 1 , Figure 6As shown, a gas drainage device for a highway tunnel crossing a coal seam includes a perforated pipe 102, a drainage pipe 1, and a suction assembly. As the basic structure of this solution, a hole is drilled at the tunnel face using a wet drilling method. The perforated pipe 102 and the drainage pipe 1 are then inserted into the borehole together. Polyurethane is then poured in sections at the drill opening to form a polyurethane layer 4, which fixes and seals the perforated pipe 102 and the drainage pipe 1. The drainage pipe 1 is then connected to the suction assembly to provide the necessary negative pressure. Specifically, the perforated pipe 102 is connected to the drainage pipe 1, and the drainage pipe 1 is connected to the suction assembly. The suction assembly is preferably an explosion-proof vacuum pump or an explosion-proof centrifugal fan (the specific selection depends on the required negative pressure, gas concentration, and tunnel construction environment). A one-way valve is installed inside the drainage pipe 1 to allow airflow from the perforated pipe 102 to the drainage pipe 1.

[0035] In response to the issue of coal slime hydrate residue clogging the pores on the surface of the perforated pipe 102 during gas extraction, this solution specifically addresses the problem as follows: Figure 4 As shown, a drive seat 5 is welded to the surface of the extraction pipe 1, and two drive cavities 504 are provided inside the drive seat 5. Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, each drive chamber 504 is equipped with a rotating shaft 502 rotatably connected to the drive base 5. Several fan blades 503 are welded to one end of the rotating shaft 502. Each drive chamber 504 near the fan blades 503 is connected to an air supply pipe 2, which is connected to a pump assembly (air pump). Each drive chamber 504 away from the fan blades 503 is connected to an exhaust pipe 3. A first gear 101 is rotatably connected to the surface of the extraction pipe 1, and a second gear 501 is screwed to the other end of the rotating shaft 502. The second gear 501 meshes with the first gear 101. Simultaneously, a rotating disk 6 is slidably connected to the surface of the flower pipe 102. Several scraping plates 601 are arranged in a circular array on one side of the rotating disk 6, and an internal gear is provided on the other side of the rotating disk 6, meshing with the second gear 501 to form a planetary gear structure consisting of the first gear 101, the second gear 501, and the internal gear.

[0036] The specific motion process is as follows: After the pump assembly (air pump) is started, high-pressure gas is delivered to the two drive chambers 504 of the drive base 5 through the gas supply pipe 2. The high-pressure gas impacts the fan blade 503 at one end of the rotating shaft 502 in the drive chamber 504, causing the fan blade 503 to drive the rotating shaft 502 to rotate around its own axis within the drive base 5. The rotating shaft 502 synchronously drives the second gear 501 to rotate, that is, the second gear 501 serves as the input end of the planetary gear structure. At the same time, the second gear 501 meshes with the first gear 101, and the first gear 101 is rotatably connected to the extraction pipe 1. The rotating disk 6 and the internal gear serve as the output end of the planetary gear structure, causing the rotating disk 6 to rotate around its own axis, that is, the rotating disk 6 slides and rotates on the surface of the perforated pipe 102, thereby driving the scraper plate 601 to scrape the coal slag mixture on the surface of the perforated pipe 102. During gas drainage, the perforated pipe 102 serves as a crucial channel for gas to enter the drainage pipe 1. If its surface is covered with impurities such as coal slag and dust, it will severely hinder gas flow and reduce drainage efficiency. However, when the rotating disk 6 rotates, several scraping plates 601 in a circular array on one side move synchronously with the disk 6, effectively scraping and cleaning the surface of the perforated pipe 102. This cleaning process promptly removes blockages from the surface of the perforated pipe 102, ensuring smooth gas flow through it into the drainage pipe 1, significantly improving gas drainage efficiency. Simultaneously, continuous and effective cleaning prevents pressure imbalances caused by blockages in the perforated pipe 102, reducing the risk of explosions and other safety accidents due to gas accumulation, and providing a safe and stable operating environment for gas drainage operations when highway tunnels traverse coal seams. Simultaneously, the continuously moving scraper 601 disrupts the continuous flow of gas around the vents on the surface of the perforated pipe 102 into the perforated pipe 102 due to negative pressure, thereby accelerating the flow of gas around the vents into the perforated pipe 102 and reducing the residence time of the coal slag mixture at the vents. At the same time, the continuous movement of the scraper 601 pushes the scraped coal slag mixture deeper into the borehole or away from the surface of the perforated pipe 102, preventing it from being re-adsorbed onto the vents under negative pressure. The disturbed airflow also helps to disperse the fine coal slag remaining at the edges of the vents, further reducing the risk of blockage and ensuring that the channel for gas to enter the perforated pipe 102 through the vents remains unobstructed. This ensures that the suction assembly can continuously and efficiently extract gas from the coal seam, maintaining the stable operating efficiency of the extraction system. The entire process uses a planetary gear structure consisting of the first gear 101, the second gear 501, and the internal gear to convert the rotational motion of the rotating shaft 502 into the circumferential rotation of the rotating disk 6 and the scraping plate 601, thus completing the transmission of power and the conversion of motion, and providing reliable mechanical support for efficient and safe gas extraction.

[0037] Secondly, combining Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a stabilizing ring 602 is slidably fitted onto the surface of the perforated pipe 102. Each stabilizing ring 602 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the scraper plate 601, providing radial support for the scraper plate 601. This prevents the scraper plate 601 from deforming or shifting due to centrifugal force or slag resistance when rotating at high speed with the rotating disk 6, ensuring that the scraper plate 601 remains in contact with the surface of the perforated pipe 102, thus improving the uniformity and thoroughness of scraping the slag mixture. Simultaneously, combined with... Figure 2As shown, both ends of the drive chamber 504 have chamfered structures, forming a variable-diameter channel that is narrow at both ends and wide in the middle. When high-pressure gas enters the drive chamber 504 from the gas pipe 2, the gas velocity increases due to the smaller diameter at the inlet end. When it enters the wide middle cavity, it forms pressure energy, and then accelerates again under the action of the narrowing diameter at the outlet end. Through the change of velocity of "acceleration-energy concentration-re-acceleration", the impact force on the fan blade 503 is enhanced, the driving torque of the rotating shaft 502 is significantly improved, and the rotation efficiency of the rotating disk 6 and the scraper 601 is improved, thus enhancing the cleaning effect on the coal slag mixture on the surface of the perforated pipe 102.

[0038] Example 2:

[0039] The difference from the above embodiments is that, as Figure 8 As shown, the scraping plate 601 has several grooves 7 arranged in an array along its length on its inner side. Each groove 7 has a slidingly fitted pushing block 702. The end of each pushing block 702 near the flower tube 102 is spherical, and an elastic layer (preferably rubber) is provided on the spherical end of each pushing block 702. The other end of each pushing block 702 is fixedly connected to several springs 701, one end of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove 7. Each pushing block 702 corresponds to an air hole on the surface of the flower tube 102. The inner wall of each groove 7 is connected to several air jet channels 703, which extend to the inner side of the scraping plate 601 and are distributed in a circular array along the corresponding groove 7.

[0040] The specific implementation process is as follows: When the rotating disk 6 drives the scraper 601 to rotate on the surface of the perforated pipe 102, the pushing block 702, under the elastic force of the spring 701, always abuts against the surface of the perforated pipe 102. Since the pushing block 702 corresponds to the pores on the surface of the perforated pipe 102, when the scraper 601 rotates to the position where the pushing block 702 is opposite to the pore, the spherical end of the pushing block 702 will embed into the pore, precisely pushing the residual coal slime hydrate in the pore. The spherical structure can better adapt to the shape of the pore, and with the deformation of the elastic layer, it can avoid damage to the surface of the perforated pipe 102, while ensuring uniform pushing force. For example, when there are hard gangue particles in the pore, the elastic layer can buffer the contact force between the pushing block 702 and the particles, protecting the perforated pipe 102 and pushing the particles out of the pore.

[0041] Meanwhile, as the pushing block 702 rotates with the scraping plate 601, if it encounters an area with uneven surface or thick coal slag accumulation on the surface of the perforated pipe 102, the pushing block 702 will compress the spring 701 and retract into the groove 7. After passing through the area, the elasticity of the spring 701 will cause the pushing block 702 to extend again and adhere to the surface of the perforated pipe 102, ensuring a continuous cleaning effect. In addition, when the pushing block 702 passes through the air holes on the surface of the perforated pipe 102, the pushing block 702 performs piston movement in the groove 7. Thus, when the pushing block 702 completes the pushing of a certain air hole, the gas is ejected from the inside of the scraping plate 601 through the jet channel 703. The jet channels 703, which are distributed in a circular array along the groove 7, can form an annular airflow. When the scraping plate 601 scrapes, some coal slag located between the scraping plate 601 and the perforated pipe 102 is blown away from the area around the air hole. By combining the mechanical pushing of the pushing block 702 with the airflow purging of the jet channel 703, it can not only remove the stubborn coal slime hydrate that has been blocked in the vent, but also promptly blow away the scraped impurities, further improving the unobstructed flow rate of the vent of the perforated pipe 102 and ensuring that gas extraction is not affected by blockage.

[0042] Example 3:

[0043] The difference from the above embodiments is that, as Figure 9 As shown, a method for gas drainage in a highway tunnel crossing a coal seam includes the following steps: Step 1, Drilling and Equipment Installation: Drilling is carried out in the coal seam area through which the highway tunnel passes according to the design parameters. The perforated pipe 102 and the extraction pipe 1 are inserted into the borehole together, and polyurethane sealant is injected in sections at the borehole opening for sealing and fixing. Step 2, start the extraction system: Start the suction assembly to create negative pressure in the extraction pipe 1. Under the action of negative pressure, the gas in the coal seam enters the perforated pipe 102 through the vents on the surface of the perforated pipe 102 and is then extracted through the extraction pipe 1. At the same time, start the pump assembly to deliver gas to the drive chamber 504 through the gas delivery pipe 2. The gas pushes the fan blades 503 on the rotating shaft 502 in the drive chamber 504 to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft 502 to rotate. Step 3, scraping and cleaning operation: When the rotating shaft 502 rotates, it forms a planetary gear structure through the first gear 101, the second gear 501 and the internal gear, which transmits mechanical energy to the rotating disk 6, causing the rotating disk 6 to rotate on the surface of the perforated pipe 102. The rotating disk 6 drives the scraping plate 601 to rotate synchronously, and the scraping plate 601 scrapes and cleans the coal slag on the surface of the perforated pipe 102. Step 4, System Operation Monitoring and Maintenance: During the extraction process, monitor the gas concentration, flow rate and pressure parameters in extraction pipe 1, and adjust the operating parameters of the suction component and pump component.

[0044] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A gas extraction device for highway tunnels crossing coal seams, comprising a perforated pipe (102), characterized in that, One end of the flower tube (102) is connected to the extraction tube (1); the extraction tube (1) is surrounded by a drive assembly at one end near the flower tube (102), and a rotating disk (6) is slidably connected to the surface of the flower tube (102). Several scraping plates (601) are arranged in a circular array on one side of the rotating disk (6), and an internal gear is provided on the other side of the rotating disk (6) and meshes with the drive assembly through the internal gear; the drive assembly is used to drive the rotating disk (6) to rotate; the extraction tube (1) is connected to a suction assembly for providing negative pressure suction to the extraction tube (1).

2. The gas extraction device for highway tunnels crossing coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a drive seat (5) fixedly connected to the extraction pipe (1). The drive seat (5) is provided with a plurality of drive cavities (504). Each drive cavity (504) is provided with a rotating shaft (502). One end of the rotating shaft (502) is fixedly connected with a plurality of fan blades (503). The other end of the rotating shaft (502) is fixedly connected with a transmission assembly for transmitting mechanical energy to the rotating disk (6) and causing the rotating disk (6) to rotate. The drive chamber (504) is connected to an air supply pipe (2) at the end near the fan blade (503), and the air supply pipe (2) is connected to a pump assembly; the drive chamber (504) is connected to an exhaust pipe (3) at the end away from the fan blade (503).

3. The gas extraction device for highway tunnels crossing coal seams according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission components all include a first gear (101) and several second gears (501). The first gear (101) is rotatably connected to the surface of the extraction tube (1) on the same axis. The end of the rotating shaft (502) away from the drive cavity (504) passes through the drive seat (5) and is fixedly connected to the second gear (501) on the same axis. The rotating shaft (502) is rotatably connected to the drive seat (5). The second gears (501) all mesh with the first gear (101) and all the second gears (501) mesh with the internal gear.

4. The gas extraction device for highway tunnels crossing coal seams according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the flower tube (102) is fitted with a stabilizing ring (602), and the stabilizing ring (602) is fixedly connected to the inside of the scraping plate (601).

5. The gas extraction device for highway tunnels crossing coal seams according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the drive cavity (504) are chamfered structures.

6. The gas extraction device for highway tunnels crossing coal seams according to claim 5, characterized in that: The scraping plate (601) has several grooves (7) arranged along its length on the inner side. Each groove (7) has a sliding push block (702). The push block (702) has a spherical structure at one end near the flower tube (102). The other end of the push block (702) is fixedly connected to several springs (701). One end of each spring (701) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove (7). The push block (702) corresponds to the air hole on the surface of the flower tube (102).

7. The gas drainage device for highway tunnels crossing coal seams according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the groove (7) is connected to several jet channels (703), and the jet channels (703) are all distributed in a circular array along the inner side of the scraping plate (601) and the corresponding groove (7).

8. The gas extraction device for highway tunnels crossing coal seams according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spherical end of the push block (702) is provided with an elastic layer.

9. The gas extraction device for highway tunnels crossing coal seams according to claim 8, characterized in that: A one-way valve is installed inside the extraction pipe (1).

10. A method for gas drainage in a highway tunnel crossing a coal seam, comprising the gas drainage device for a highway tunnel crossing a coal seam according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Drilling and Equipment Installation: Drilling is carried out in the coal seam area through which the highway tunnel passes according to the design parameters. The perforated pipe (102) and the extraction pipe (1) are inserted into the borehole together, and polyurethane sealing material is injected in sections at the borehole opening for sealing and fixing. Step 2, start the extraction system: Start the suction assembly to generate negative pressure in the extraction pipe (1). Under the action of negative pressure, the gas in the coal seam enters the perforated pipe (102) through the pores on the surface of the perforated pipe (102) and is then extracted through the extraction pipe (1). At the same time, start the pump assembly to deliver gas to the drive chamber (504) through the gas delivery pipe (2). The gas pushes the fan blades (503) on the rotating shaft (502) in the drive chamber (504) to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft (502) to rotate. Step 3, scraping and cleaning operation: When the rotating shaft (502) rotates, it forms a planetary gear structure through the first gear (101), the second gear (501) and the internal gear, which transmits mechanical energy to the rotating disk (6), so that the rotating disk (6) rotates on the surface of the perforated pipe (102). The rotating disk (6) drives the scraping plate (601) to rotate synchronously, and the scraping plate (601) scrapes and cleans the coal slag on the surface of the perforated pipe (102). Step 4, System operation monitoring and maintenance: During the extraction process, monitor the gas concentration, flow rate and pressure parameters in the extraction pipe (1) and adjust the operating parameters of the suction component and pump component.

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