Novel flocculating agent experimental device for coal-containing sewage and use method of novel flocculating agent experimental device

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel flocculating agent experimental device for coal-containing sewage and a use method of the novel flocculating agent experimental device. The existing flocculant experimental device and method are difficult to quantify and compare. Therefore, the novel flocculating agent experimental device for the coal-containing sewage comprises a flat box-shaped container, a photoelectric sensing module and an industrial personal computer, the side walls of the two sides of the flat box-shaped container are transparent side walls, a lamp box is attached to the transparent side wall of one side of the flat box-shaped container, and the photoelectric sensing module is in a rectangular flat plate shape and is arranged on the other side of the flat box-shaped container; a through hole is formed in the center of the photoelectric sensing module, a camera is embedded in the through hole, the industrial personal computer is provided with a display screen, and the camera and the photoelectric sensing module are connected with the signal input end of the industrial personal computer. The device is simple in structure, convenient to use, convenient for quantitative comparison and quantitative operation, and suitable for coal mine enterprises to treat mine water and coal washing water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a novel experimental apparatus for flocculants used in coal-containing wastewater and its method of use. Background Technology

[0002] Flocculation and sedimentation is the process by which particulate matter flocculates and settles in water. After adding a coagulant to water, the colloidal and dispersed particles of suspended solids form flocs under the interaction of molecular forces. During sedimentation, these flocs collide and aggregate, continuously increasing in size and mass, and their settling velocity. Flocculation and sedimentation occur in surface water after adding coagulants, in domestic sewage, in activated sludge, and in other sedimentation processes.

[0003] Current technologies for treating mine water and coal washing water involve adding flocculants to coagulate particulate matter into flocs, which then settle into sediment at the bottom of the water. Existing flocculants are water treatment agents that use charge neutralization and adsorption bridging to cause suspended particles in water to aggregate and settle. They are mainly divided into three categories: inorganic, organic, and microbial. Inorganic flocculants are mainly composed of aluminum salts, iron salts, and their polymers (such as polyaluminum chloride and polyferric sulfate), which achieve colloid destabilization by providing high-valence metal ions. Organic flocculants include synthetic polymers such as polyacrylamide and naturally modified products, characterized by low dosage and high floc separation efficiency. Microbial flocculants are produced by microorganisms such as Rhodococcus rubrum and have the characteristic of no secondary pollution.

[0004] In practical applications, it is often necessary to select the most suitable type of flocculant based on the specific characteristics of the wastewater, and to determine the optimal dosage and treatment conditions through experiments. Sometimes, in order to achieve better treatment results, it is also necessary to use a combination of two or more flocculants. For example, inorganic flocculants can be used for preliminary treatment first, and then organic flocculants can be used for advanced treatment to achieve a higher suspended solids removal rate and water purification effect.

[0005] Chinese patent document CN201821053593.8 discloses an evaluation device for the flocculation effect of a flocculant. This device is applied in the field of oil and gas extraction engineering technology and is mainly used to evaluate the flocculation effect of a flocculant in different filter media. The device includes a liquid supply assembly, a flocculant supply assembly, a flocculation reaction assembly, and a filtration assembly. The liquid to be flocculated and the flocculant are fed into the flocculation reaction assembly through a multi-way valve, where a flocculation reaction occurs to generate precipitate. The generated precipitate is then subjected to multi-stage filtration through the filtration assembly, which contains multiple filter elements with gradually decreasing pore sizes to evaluate the effect of the flocculant in different filter media.

[0006] Chinese patent document CN202221409839.7 discloses a dynamic evaluation experimental device for flocculants. This device is applied to the field of performance testing of flocculants in coal gasification ash water. The device aims to solve the problem that the dynamic law of the effect of flocculants cannot be grasped in the prior art, thereby reducing the poor effect and waste of raw materials in coal gasification ash water treatment.

[0007] Chinese patent document CN202110622797.9 discloses a flocculant performance evaluation and testing device and method. This device is applied in the field of raw water treatment. The system can quickly calculate the raw water turbidity removal rate, the final filtrate turbidity and membrane flux, thereby directly reflecting the treatment effect of the flocculant.

[0008] Chinese patent document CN201822015115.4 discloses a flocculant performance evaluation device, which includes a feed well, a flocculation tank, a stirring device, and a sampling device. The feed well, located above the flocculation tank, is used to introduce a mixture containing flocculant and wastewater into the flocculation tank. The stirring device agitates the mixture within the flocculation tank, while the sampling device extracts a test sample from the tank after the flocculation reaction. This device can dynamically simulate the flocculation reaction, more realistically reflecting the actual effect of the flocculant and improving the accuracy of the evaluation.

[0009] Chinese patent document CN202221188607.3 discloses an experimental device for evaluating the performance of solid-phase flocculants. The device includes a base plate and a vertical plate fixed on it. A rotatable rotating rod is mounted on the vertical plate, and a rotating shell is fixed to the front end of the rotating rod. The rotating shell contains multiple evenly distributed partitions and feeding holes. Fixing rods are installed between the partitions, and a sliding shell is fitted onto each fixing rod. A horizontal plate and a sealing ball are mounted on the outer end of the sliding shell, and the sealing ball contacts the inner wall of the feeding hole. This device can simultaneously test multiple flocculants and facilitates the comparison of experimental results.

[0010] In the treatment of mine water and coal washing water, workers always strive to achieve the best possible flocculation effect with the least amount of flocculant and the lowest possible cost. However, the flocculant performance evaluation devices disclosed in the above patent documents are not equipped with dedicated light sources, and the experiments are all manually operated, which is easily affected by differences in external lighting and manual operation. They can usually only determine whether the flocculant can effectively promote the flocculation and sedimentation of the wastewater to be treated, but it is difficult to accurately determine the optimal type and dosage of flocculant for different types of mine water and coal washing water. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and provide a novel experimental device for flocculants in coal-containing wastewater.

[0012] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a novel experimental device for flocculants used in coal-containing wastewater, characterized in that it comprises a flat box-shaped container, a photoelectric sensing module, and an industrial control computer. The flat box-shaped container is rotatably mounted on two opposing tripods via short axes on both sides. The side walls of the flat box-shaped container are transparent, with a lightbox attached to one side. The photoelectric sensing module is a rectangular flat plate, located on the other side of the flat box-shaped container, with a through-hole in its center. A camera is embedded in this through-hole. The industrial control computer is equipped with a display screen. The camera and the photoelectric sensing module are connected to the signal input terminal of the industrial control computer. The top of the flat box-shaped container has an opening. The lightbox uses a flat box-type light source similar to the radiological image reading device disclosed in Chinese invention patent document CN 118091963 B. The photoelectric sensing module uses an existing rectangular solar panel.

[0013] Before flocculation and sedimentation of coal-containing wastewater in a flat, box-shaped container, the light transmittance is poor, resulting in a low voltage generated by the photoelectric sensor module. After flocculation and sedimentation, the light transmittance is high, leading to a high voltage generated by the photoelectric sensor module. This design facilitates quantitative comparisons to determine the optimal minimum dosage of flocculant.

[0014] As an optimization, the opening is equipped with a removable cap, and the bottom of the flat box-shaped container is equipped with a discharge pipe with a discharge valve. This design, with the cap on the opening, prevents water from being thrown out of the flat box-shaped container when it is rotated or swung, and the discharge pipe with a discharge valve at the bottom facilitates wastewater discharge after the experiment.

[0015] The first method of using the novel experimental apparatus for flocculants in coal-containing wastewater of the present invention includes the following steps: ①. Take the coal-containing wastewater to be treated from the flocculation sedimentation tank and inject it into a flat box-shaped container, add the predetermined amount of flocculant, then seal the container and turn on the industrial control computer; ②. Rotate or swing the flat box-shaped container to fully dissolve and mix the flocculant and coal-containing wastewater inside. Then, keep the flat box-shaped container vertical, with the light box and photoelectric sensor module located on opposite sides of the container, and connect the power supply to the light box. ③. The light emitted by the light box shines through the flat box-shaped container and the sewage inside onto the photoelectric sensing module to generate a voltage signal. This voltage signal is transmitted to the industrial control computer, which converts the received voltage signal into a digital signal. The computer displays the curve of the photoelectric sensing voltage changing with time on one side of the display screen, with the real-time digital signal as the vertical axis and the real-time time t as the horizontal axis, and displays the image captured by the camera in real time on the other side of the display screen.

[0016] ④. Once the digital signal reaches its peak, it is determined that the wastewater in the flat box container has settled sufficiently, and flocculation and sedimentation have ended. Record the end time t1, calculate the flocculation and sedimentation time between the initial digital signal generation time t0 and the end time t1, and compare this flocculation and sedimentation time with the preset flocculation and sedimentation time. If the ratio of the flocculation and sedimentation time to the preset flocculation and sedimentation time is ≤95%, open the cover and discharge valve to empty the flat box container. Then, appropriately reduce the amount of flocculant used in step ① (e.g., reduce it to 95% of the original amount), and return to step ① to repeat the above operation. If the ratio of the flocculation sedimentation time to the preset flocculation sedimentation time is ≤105%, open the cap and discharge valve to empty the flat box-shaped container. Then, appropriately increase the amount of flocculant used in step ① (e.g., increase it to 105% of the original amount), and then return to step ① to repeat the above operation.

[0017] If the ratio of 95% < flocculation sedimentation time to preset flocculation sedimentation time < 105%, the amount of flocculant to be added to the flocculation sedimentation tank is the ratio multiplied by the capacity of the flocculation sedimentation tank.

[0018] As an optimization, there are N flat box-shaped containers, photoelectric sensing modules, and cameras, each divided into N experimental groups. Each experimental group is numbered, and its photoelectric sensing module and camera are connected to the signal input terminal of the industrial control computer, where N is a positive integer and N≥1. The display screen has N display areas, each corresponding to one of the N experimental groups, and displays the corresponding experimental group number. This design allows multiple experiments to be conducted simultaneously, quickly determining the amount of flocculant to be added to the flocculation sedimentation tank.

[0019] The second method of using the novel coal-containing wastewater flocculant experimental device of the present invention includes the following steps: ①. Take the coal-containing wastewater to be treated from the flocculation sedimentation tank and inject it into the flat box-shaped container of each experimental group, and add different amounts of flocculant respectively. Then seal the container and turn on the industrial control computer. ②. Rotate or swing each group of flat box-shaped containers to fully dissolve and mix the flocculant and coal-containing wastewater. Then, keep each group of flat box-shaped containers vertical, with the light box and photoelectric sensor module located on opposite sides of the flat box-shaped containers, and connect the power supply to each group of light boxes. ③. The light emitted from each group of light boxes shines through the flat box-shaped container and its internal sewage, illuminating the photoelectric sensor module in the same group and generating a voltage signal. This voltage signal is transmitted to the industrial control computer, which converts the received voltage signal into a digital signal. The real-time digital signal is displayed on the vertical axis, and the real-time time is displayed on the horizontal axis, showing each group's signal on one side of the corresponding display area on the screen. The other side of the corresponding display area displays the real-time image captured by the camera in the same group. ④. Compare the digital signals in each display area. When the digital signal in a certain display area reaches its peak, it is determined that the wastewater to be treated in the flat box-shaped container of the corresponding experimental group has fully settled and flocculation has ended. Record the end time and calculate the flocculation time between the initial digital signal generation time and the end time of the corresponding experimental group. The flocculation and sedimentation time for each experimental group was calculated, and the ratio of the flocculation and sedimentation time for each experimental group to the preset flocculation and sedimentation time was also calculated. If the ratio of flocculation and sedimentation time to the preset flocculation and sedimentation time in each experimental group is ≤95%, open all the caps and discharge valves to empty each flat box-shaped container. Then, appropriately reduce the amount of flocculant used in each experimental group in step ①, and then return to step ① to repeat the above operation. If the ratio of flocculation and sedimentation time to the preset flocculation and sedimentation time in each experimental group is ≤105%, open all the caps and discharge valves, empty all the flat box-shaped containers, then appropriately increase the amount of flocculant used in step ①, and then return to step ① to repeat the above operation. If 95% < the ratio of the flocculation sedimentation time to the preset flocculation sedimentation time in a certain experimental group < 105%, then multiplying this ratio by the capacity of the flocculation sedimentation tank will give the amount of flocculant that should be added to the flocculation sedimentation tank.

[0020] This design allows for the simultaneous execution of multiple sets of experiments, quickly determining the appropriate amount of flocculant to be added to the flocculation sedimentation tank.

[0021] Using the aforementioned method, the amount of flocculant to be added to the flocculation sedimentation tank can be calculated conveniently and accurately. While ensuring good flocculation and sedimentation effects, the amount of flocculant used should be minimized to save costs and avoid secondary pollution of the clarified water caused by excessive flocculant.

[0022] During the experiment, the light box served as the external light source, providing constant illumination. The voltage signal generated by the photoelectric sensing module was directly related to the light transmittance of the flat box-shaped container and the wastewater inside. This light transmittance, in turn, was related to the flocculation and sedimentation effect. By comparing the timing of the voltage signal peak, it was possible to determine whether the flocculant dosage was excessive. This design facilitates quantitative comparison, enabling the use of as little flocculant as possible to achieve good flocculation and sedimentation results, and preventing excessive flocculant dosage that could lead to high costs or secondary pollution.

[0023] The novel flocculant experimental device for coal-containing wastewater of this invention has a simple structure, is easy to use, and facilitates quantitative comparison and operation, making it suitable for use by coal mining enterprises in treating mine water and coal washing water. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The experimental apparatus for flocculants used in coal-containing wastewater according to the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the experimental device for flocculants used in coal-containing wastewater. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the initial flocculation and sedimentation moment displayed on the screen of the experimental device for flocculants used in novel coal-containing wastewater. Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the image displayed on the screen during the mid-stage of flocculation and sedimentation in the experimental device for flocculants used in novel coal-containing wastewater. Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the image displayed on the screen at the termination time of flocculation and sedimentation in the experimental device for flocculants used in novel coal-containing wastewater.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the experimental device for flocculants used in coal-containing wastewater (the six dots in the diagram represent the flat box-shaped containers, photoelectric sensing modules, and cameras of the two experimental groups that are omitted). Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the image displayed on the screen at the termination time of flocculation and sedimentation in Embodiment 2 of the experimental device for flocculants used in coal-containing wastewater.

[0026] In the diagram: 1 is a flat box-shaped container, 2 is a photoelectric sensor module, 3 is an industrial control computer, 4 is a short shaft, 5 is a tripod, 6 is a light box, 7 is a camera, 8 is a display screen, 9 is a cover, and 10 is a discharge valve.

[0027] Figure 2 —In —4, U is the vertical axis (representing the digital signal of the voltage generated by photoelectric induction). T is the horizontal axis (representing time), t0 is the time when the initial digital signal is generated, t1 is the time when the voltage generated by photoelectric induction reaches its peak, that is, the time when flocculation and sedimentation end, and S is the curve formed by the digital signal on the display screen at different times. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Implementation method one: such as Figure 1As shown, this novel experimental apparatus for flocculants used in coal-containing wastewater includes a flat box-shaped container 1, a photoelectric sensing module 2, and an industrial control computer 3. The flat box-shaped container 1 is rotatably mounted on two opposing tripods 5 via short shafts 4 on both sides. The side walls of the flat box-shaped container 1 are transparent, with a light box 6 attached to one side. The photoelectric sensing module 2 is a rectangular flat plate located on the other side of the flat box-shaped container 1, with a through hole in its center. A camera 7 is embedded in this through hole. The industrial control computer 3 is equipped with a display screen 8. Both the camera 7 and the photoelectric sensing module 2 are connected to the signal input terminal of the industrial control computer 3. The top of the flat box-shaped container 1 has an opening with a detachable cover 9. The bottom of the flat box-shaped container 1 has a discharge pipe with a discharge valve 10.

[0029] The method of using the novel flocculant experimental device for coal-containing wastewater of the present invention includes the following steps: ①. Take the coal-containing wastewater to be treated from the flocculation sedimentation tank and inject it into the flat box-shaped container 1, add the predetermined amount of flocculant, then seal the cap 9 and turn on the industrial control computer 3.

[0030] ②. Rotate or swing the flat box-shaped container 1 to fully dissolve and mix the flocculant and coal-containing wastewater inside. Then keep the flat box-shaped container 1 vertical, with the light box 6 and photoelectric sensing module 2 located on both sides of the flat box-shaped container 1, and connect the power supply to the light box 6.

[0031] ③. The light emitted by the light box 6 shines through the flat box-shaped container 1 and the sewage inside, illuminating the photoelectric sensor module 2 and generating a voltage signal. This voltage signal is transmitted to the industrial control computer 3. The industrial control computer 3 converts the received voltage signal into a digital signal and displays a curve of the photoelectric sensor voltage changing over time on one side of the display screen, with the real-time digital signal U as the vertical axis and the real-time time t as the horizontal axis. On the other side of the display screen, it displays the image captured in real time by the camera 7. Figure 2 , 3 As shown.

[0032] ④. When the digital signal reaches its peak value, such as Figure 4 As shown, it is determined that the wastewater to be treated in the flat box-shaped container 1 has settled sufficiently and flocculation has ended. The end time t1 is recorded. The flocculation and sedimentation time between the initial digital signal generation time t0 and the end time t1 is calculated and compared with the preset flocculation and sedimentation time. If the percentage of the flocculation and sedimentation time compared with the preset flocculation and sedimentation time is ≤95%, the cap 9 and the discharge valve 10 are opened to empty the flat box-shaped container 1. Then, the amount of flocculant used in step ① is appropriately reduced (e.g., reduced to 95% of the original amount). Then, step ① is returned, and the above operation is repeated. If the percentage of flocculation and sedimentation time to the preset flocculation and sedimentation time is ≤105%, open the cap 9 and the discharge valve 10 to empty the flat box container 1. Then, appropriately increase the amount of flocculant used in step ① (e.g., increase it to 105% of the original amount), and then return to step ① to repeat the above operation.

[0033] If the ratio of 95% < flocculation sedimentation time to preset flocculation sedimentation time < 105%, the amount of flocculant to be added to the flocculation sedimentation tank is the ratio multiplied by the capacity of the flocculation sedimentation tank.

[0034] Implementation Method Two: (e.g.) Figure 5 , 6 As shown, there are N units of the flat box-shaped container 1, photoelectric sensing module 2, and camera 7, which are divided into N experimental groups. Each experimental group is numbered. The photoelectric sensing module 2 and camera 3 are connected to the signal input terminal of the industrial control computer 3, where N is a positive integer and N≥1. The display screen 8 has N display areas, which correspond one-to-one with the N experimental groups and display the corresponding experimental group number. The remaining structure is shown in Implementation Method 1 and is omitted.

[0035] The method of using the novel flocculant experimental device for coal-containing wastewater described in Embodiment 2 includes the following steps: ①. Take the coal-containing wastewater to be treated from the flocculation sedimentation tank (not shown in the figure), inject it into the flat box-shaped container 1 of each experimental group, add different amounts of flocculant, then seal the cap 9 and turn on the industrial control computer 3. ②. Rotate or swing each group of flat box-shaped containers 1 to fully dissolve and mix the flocculant and coal-containing wastewater. Then, keep each group of flat box-shaped containers 1 vertical, with the light box 6 and photoelectric sensor module 2 located on opposite sides of the corresponding flat box-shaped container 1, and connect the power supply to each group of light boxes 6. ③. The light emitted from each group of light boxes 6 shines through the flat box-shaped container 1 and its internal sewage into the photoelectric sensor module 2 of the same group, generating a voltage signal. Each group's voltage signal is transmitted to the industrial control computer 3. The industrial control computer 3 converts the received voltage signal into a digital signal, and displays it on one side of the corresponding display area of ​​the display screen 8, with the real-time digital signal as the vertical axis and the real-time time as the horizontal axis. The other side of the corresponding display area displays the real-time image captured by the corresponding camera 7 of the same group, such as... Figure 6 As shown.

[0036] ④. Compare the digital signals of each display area. When the digital signal of a certain display area reaches its peak, it is determined that the wastewater to be treated in the flat box container 1 of the corresponding experimental group has settled sufficiently and the flocculation and sedimentation have ended. Record the end time and calculate the flocculation and sedimentation time between the initial digital signal generation time and the end time of the corresponding experimental group.

[0037] Calculate the flocculation and sedimentation time for each experimental group, and calculate the ratio of the flocculation and sedimentation time of each experimental group to the preset flocculation and sedimentation time.

[0038] If the ratio of flocculation and sedimentation time to the preset flocculation and sedimentation time in each experimental group is ≤95%, open each sealing cap 9 and discharge valve 10 to empty each flat box-shaped container 1. Then, appropriately reduce the amount of flocculant used in each experimental group in step ①, and then return to step ① to repeat the above operation. If the ratio of the flocculation and sedimentation time to the preset flocculation and sedimentation time in each experimental group is ≤105%, open each sealing cap 9 and discharge valve 10, empty each flat box-shaped container 1, then appropriately increase the amount of flocculant used in step ①, and then return to step ① to repeat the above operation. If 95% < the ratio of the flocculation sedimentation time of a certain experimental group to the preset flocculation sedimentation time < 105%, the ratio multiplied by the capacity of the flocculation sedimentation tank is the amount of flocculant to be added to the flocculation sedimentation tank. In the second implementation method, N is taken as 4.

Claims

1. A novel experimental apparatus for flocculants in coal-containing wastewater, characterized in that: The device includes a flat, box-shaped container, a photoelectric sensor module, and an industrial control computer. The flat, box-shaped container is rotatably mounted on two opposing tripods via short shafts on both sides. The side walls of the flat, box-shaped container are transparent, with a lightbox attached to one side of the transparent side wall. The photoelectric sensor module is a rectangular flat plate, located on the other side of the flat, box-shaped container, with a through hole in its center. A camera is embedded in this through hole. The industrial control computer is equipped with a display screen. The camera and the photoelectric sensor module are connected to the signal input terminal of the industrial control computer. The top of the flat, box-shaped container has an opening.

2. The novel flocculant experimental apparatus for coal-containing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening is equipped with a removable cover, and the bottom of the flat box-shaped container is equipped with a discharge pipe with a discharge valve.

3. The novel flocculant experimental apparatus for coal-containing wastewater according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: There are N flat box-shaped containers, photoelectric sensing modules, and cameras, which are divided into N experimental groups. Each experimental group is numbered, and its photoelectric sensing module and camera are connected to the signal input terminal of the industrial control computer. N is a positive integer and N≥1. The display screen has N display areas, which correspond one-to-one with the N experimental groups and display the corresponding experimental group number.

4. A method of using the novel flocculant experimental apparatus for coal-containing wastewater as described in claim 1 or 2, comprising the following steps: ①. Take the coal-containing wastewater to be treated from the flocculation sedimentation tank, pour it into a flat box-shaped container, add the predetermined amount of flocculant, then seal the container and turn on the industrial control computer; ②. Rotate or swing the flat box-shaped container to fully dissolve and mix the flocculant and coal-containing wastewater inside. Then, keep the flat box-shaped container vertical, with the light box and photoelectric sensor module located on opposite sides of the container, and connect the power supply to the light box. ③. The light emitted by the lightbox shines through the flat, box-shaped container and the wastewater inside, illuminating the photoelectric sensor module and generating a voltage signal. This voltage signal is transmitted to the industrial control computer, which converts the received voltage signal into a digital signal. The computer displays a curve of the photoelectric sensor voltage changing over time on one side of the screen, with the real-time digital signal as the vertical axis and the real-time time as the horizontal axis. On the other side of the screen, it displays the image captured in real-time by the camera. ④. Once the digital signal reaches its peak, it is determined that the wastewater in the flat box container has fully settled, and flocculation and sedimentation are complete. Record the end time, calculate the flocculation and sedimentation time between the initial digital signal generation time and the end time, and compare this flocculation and sedimentation time with the preset flocculation and sedimentation time. If the ratio of the flocculation and sedimentation time to the preset flocculation and sedimentation time is ≤95%, open the cover and discharge valve to empty the flat box container. Then, appropriately reduce the amount of flocculant used in step ①, and return to step ① to repeat the above operation. If the ratio of the flocculation and sedimentation time to the preset flocculation and sedimentation time is ≤105%, open the cap and discharge valve to empty the flat box-shaped container. Then, appropriately increase the amount of flocculant used in step ①, and return to step ① to repeat the above operation. If the ratio of 95% < flocculation sedimentation time to preset flocculation sedimentation time < 105%, the amount of flocculant to be added to the flocculation sedimentation tank is the ratio multiplied by the capacity of the flocculation sedimentation tank.

5. A method of using the novel flocculant experimental device for coal-containing wastewater as described in claim 3, comprising the following steps: ①. Take the coal-containing wastewater to be treated from the flocculation sedimentation tank and inject it into the flat box-shaped container of each experimental group, and add different amounts of flocculant. Then seal the container and turn on the industrial control computer. ②. Rotate or swing each group of flat box-shaped containers to fully dissolve and mix the flocculant and coal-containing wastewater. Then, keep each group of flat box-shaped containers vertical, with the light box and photoelectric sensor module located on opposite sides of the flat box-shaped containers, and connect the power supply to each group of light boxes. ③. The light emitted from each group of light boxes shines through the flat box-shaped container and its internal sewage, illuminating the photoelectric sensor module in the same group and generating a voltage signal. This voltage signal is transmitted to the industrial control computer, which converts the received voltage signal into a digital signal. The real-time digital signal is displayed on the vertical axis, and the real-time time is displayed on the horizontal axis, showing each group's signal on one side of the corresponding display area on the screen. The other side of the corresponding display area displays the real-time image captured by the camera in the same group. ④. Compare the digital signals in each display area. When the digital signal in a certain display area reaches its peak, it is determined that the wastewater to be treated in the flat box-shaped container of the corresponding experimental group has fully settled and flocculation has ended. Record the end time and calculate the flocculation time between the initial digital signal generation time and the end time of the corresponding experimental group. The flocculation and sedimentation time for each experimental group was calculated, and the ratio of the flocculation and sedimentation time for each experimental group to the preset flocculation and sedimentation time was also calculated. If the ratio of flocculation and sedimentation time to the preset flocculation and sedimentation time in each experimental group is ≤95%, open all the caps and discharge valves to empty each flat box-shaped container. Then, appropriately reduce the amount of flocculant used in each experimental group in step ①, and then return to step ① to repeat the above operation. If the ratio of flocculation and sedimentation time to the preset flocculation and sedimentation time in each experimental group is ≤105%, open the cap and discharge valve to empty each flat box-shaped container. Then, appropriately increase the amount of flocculant used in step ①, and return to step ① to repeat the above operation. If 95% < the ratio of the flocculation sedimentation time to the preset flocculation sedimentation time in a certain experimental group < 105%, then multiplying this ratio by the capacity of the flocculation sedimentation tank will give the amount of flocculant that should be added to the flocculation sedimentation tank.

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