A mixing component, sludge coal water slurry preparation system and preparation method thereof
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TAIZHOU UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2020-09-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
Smart Images
Figure CN116474627B_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] Case Analysis
[0002] The original basis for this divisional application is patent application No. 202010978133.1, filed on September 17, 2020, entitled "A method for preparing sludge-coal slurry and its slurry preparation system". Technical Field
[0003] This invention belongs to the fields of sludge treatment technology and coal-water slurry preparation technology. Specifically, it relates to a method and system for preparing coal-water slurry from sludge that can be consumed and treated efficiently and at low cost by wastewater treatment plants that currently have difficulty in properly handling the sludge. Background Technology
[0004] The fine structure of residual sludge after wastewater treatment is a flocculated network structure. The percentage of water weight in sludge relative to its total weight is called sludge moisture content. Water in sludge exists in three forms: pore water, capillary water, surface-adsorbed water, and internally bound water. Pore water, approximately 70%, is free water between particles and can be separated by gravity sedimentation (concentration and compaction). Surface-adsorbed water, approximately 5%, is water adhering to the surface of sludge particles. It has strong adhesion and often appears on the surface of colloidal particles and biological sludge. Coagulation methods are used to remove this surface water through the flocculation of colloidal particles; it can also be removed through biological separation or thermal methods. Internally bound water, approximately 5%, is water bound within the sludge particles, such as intracellular water in biological sludge and crystal water from metal compounds in inorganic sludge. It can be removed through biological separation or thermal methods. Sludge is typically fluid when the moisture content is above 85%, plastic when it is between 65% and 85%, and solid when it is below 60%.
[0005] Coal-water slurry is a coal-based fluid fuel obtained through physical processing. It is prepared by mixing approximately 65% coal (including additives) and 35% water. Coal-water slurry has the advantages of high combustion efficiency and environmental friendliness and energy saving. As a clean coal fuel, coal-water slurry has significant advantages and holds a prominent position in the national "clean coal" technology. Mixing sludge with granulated coal to make coal-water slurry is a relatively advanced and efficient treatment method. It harmlessly consumes the sludge while fully utilizing the water resources and combustible organic matter in the sludge. No additional water needs to be added during slurry preparation, thus saving normal water resources. However, due to the fine flocculated network structure of sludge, it will agglomerate into large and small clumps when directly mixed with granulated coal. The internal water content is very high, and if it is not effectively decomposed, it will not burn completely with the granulated coal. Currently, the main challenge in preparing coal-water slurry from sludge is that sludge treated with flocculants has a high viscosity, and the network structure of the flocculants makes it difficult to mix fully with the coal slurry, significantly increasing the viscosity of the slurry. The sludge contains a large amount of internal water, which not only reduces the concentration and calorific value of the sludge-coal slurry, but also prevents the combustion of organic matter in the sludge. This results in the sludge-coal slurry being unable to burn completely, greatly limiting the proportion of sludge consumed by the sludge and preventing the optimal effect of sludge energy utilization.
[0006] The applicant's application ZL201910842220.1, filed on September 6, 2019, entitled "A Method for Preparing Sludge-Coal Slurry and a Sludge-Coal Slurry Preparation System," describes a scheme that, while utilizing the high-speed shearing action of the protruding rotating and stationary teeth of a pulverizer to disrupt the network structure of the sludge flocculant and cause water to separate from the sludge, represents a significant technological advancement compared to existing technologies. However, because it continuously feeds hard granular coal and soft sludge into the slurry pulverizer for crushing and mixing, it has the following shortcomings: directly feeding hard granular coal into the slurry pulverizer is unsuitable, as the hardness of the granular coal causes rapid wear of the protruding rotating and stationary teeth of the pulverizer, resulting in a shorter service life for the pulverizer's components; furthermore, the granular coal often contains stones or even hard metal pieces, which can cause the pulverizer's components to seize up and become unusable. In addition, since the size of the gap between the protruding rotating teeth and the protruding fixed teeth of the pulverizing component of the slurry pulverizer determines the particle size of the material after pulverization, when sludge and granular coal are pulverized together, the gap between the protruding rotating teeth and the protruding fixed teeth cannot fully meet the actual needs of coal or sludge. It usually can only meet the particle size requirements of coal. This gap is not small enough for sludge, resulting in insufficient water separation from the sludge.
[0007] Patent document CN110540880A discloses a method for preparing sludge-coal slurry and a pre-furnace slurry preparation system for the low-cost and efficient consumption and treatment of residual sludge after sewage treatment. The method involves pre-preparing granulated coal with a particle diameter of less than 50mm, calculating the weight ratio of granulated coal to sludge based on the sludge's moisture content, continuously shearing the granulated coal and sludge together according to the calculated ratio into small particles with a diameter of 1mm to 5mm, and simultaneously mixing the granulated coal and sludge to produce a sludge-coal slurry composed of 65% to 70% solid particles and 30% to 35% water. High-speed shearing thoroughly destroys the sludge flocculant network structure, allowing water to be fully released from the sludge. The particle size can be artificially controlled, without the generation of ultrafine powder, achieving an ideal and uniform particle size. The produced sludge-coal slurry is more suitable for combustion in fluidized bed boilers. However, the rotor in this patented technology is an integral rotor structure, which is equivalent to having only one rotatable blade structure. The only factor affecting its installation is the central hole structure in the center of the blade, which cannot achieve the technical effect of "misaligned installation of the cutter head".
[0008] Furthermore, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the applicant studied a large number of documents and patents when making this invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents were listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not possess the features of these prior art. On the contrary, the present invention already possesses all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art. Summary of the Invention
[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing sludge-coal slurry that can consume and treat the residual sludge after sewage treatment in sewage treatment plants that are currently difficult to handle at low cost and with high efficiency, in view of the above-mentioned technical status; at the same time, a sludge-coal slurry preparation system using the preparation method is provided, which can consume and treat the residual sludge after sewage treatment at low cost and with high efficiency.
[0010] The technical solution adopted by the sludge-coal slurry preparation method of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:
[0011] A method for preparing sludge-coal slurry involves calculating the weight ratio of granular coal to sludge based on the moisture content of the sludge and the target sludge-coal slurry. The method is characterized by first pulverizing the raw coal and sludge separately into coal powder and sludge slurry of target particle size, and then mixing the coal powder and sludge slurry to produce a sludge-coal slurry composed of 65% to 70% solid particles and 30% to 35% water. The sludge primarily refers to the residual sludge from wastewater treatment plants, which has high viscosity, a flocculated network structure, and contains a large amount of internal water, making it difficult to mix thoroughly with coal slurry. The residual sludge from wastewater treatment plants typically lacks other impurities and will not damage the pulverizing components. However, the sludge described in this invention can also be other similar waste materials, which typically pollute the environment but possess a certain calorific value, such as oil sludge, waste oil slurry, organic waste slurry, and kitchen waste slurry. Of course, hard impurities such as metals and stones that could damage the pulverizing components need to be removed beforehand. The raw coal is preferably pure coal lumps or granular crushed coal, but it can also be coal slime with sufficient calorific value, coal gangue that can be crushed into powder, etc.
[0012] The following is a further embodiment of the sludge-coal slurry preparation method of the present invention:
[0013] Before mixing the coal powder with the sludge slurry, the raw coal is crushed into coal powder with a particle diameter of 1 mm to 2 mm, and the sludge is crushed into sludge slurry with a particle diameter of less than 1 mm. Then the coal powder of the target particle size is mixed with the sludge slurry.
[0014] The raw coal is repeatedly crushed by a crusher. After each crushing, the raw coal is screened through a vibrating screen with a mesh diameter of 2mm. Particles with a diameter smaller than 2mm that pass through the screen are considered qualified coal powder, while particles with a diameter larger than 2mm that cannot pass through the screen are returned to the crusher for further crushing. The sludge is then crushed by a slurry pulverizer. The coal powder of the target particle size is then mixed with the sludge slurry and continuously fed into a slurry mixer for mixing. The mixture is then discharged from the outlet of the slurry mixer to a sludge-coal slurry collection container.
[0015] The slurry pulverizer includes a pulverizing component, and the slurry mixer includes a mixing component. Both the pulverizing component and the mixing component of the slurry pulverizer and the mixing component of the slurry mixer include a cylinder and a rotor located inside the cylinder. One end of the cylinder is a material inlet, and a shaft connecting the rotor extends from the other end of the cylinder as a power transmission end. A portion of the cylinder wall is a screen area for discharging the mixed material. The screen area is filled with mesh openings with a diameter suitable for discharging the mixed material. Outside of the screen area, the inner wall of the cylinder is provided with multiple raised teeth. These raised teeth are arranged in multiple rows along the circumference of the inner wall of the cylinder, with each row including multiple raised teeth arranged vertically along the inner wall of the cylinder. The rotor has fixed teeth, with gaps between adjacent rows of protruding fixed teeth to provide space for material to fall. Multiple protruding rotating teeth are arranged on the outer periphery of the rotor, with at least two rows arranged along the outer periphery. Each row includes multiple protruding rotating teeth arranged vertically along the outer periphery of the rotor. Gaps are provided between adjacent rows of protruding rotating teeth to provide space for material to fall. The multiple protruding rotating teeth on the outer periphery of the rotor mesh with multiple protruding fixed teeth on the inner wall of the cylinder. Grooves are formed between every two protruding fixed teeth or every two protruding rotating teeth, allowing each other to embed. The meshing protruding rotating teeth and protruding fixed teeth maintain the spacing required for the target particle size of the material.
[0016] The rotor of the mixing component of the mixer is composed of multiple stacked blades. Each blade has a shaft hole and includes at least two blades. The space between two adjacent blades is partially cut off to form a notch. The outer side of each blade is provided with the protruding rotating teeth. From top to bottom, each blade deflects around the shaft by one deflection angle (R) relative to the blade above it, so that each blade forms an offset step surface in each slot relative to its adjacent blade, forming the space required for material to fall in the slot in the shape of a spiral staircase.
[0017] The notch of the rotating blade is arc-shaped. The radius of the arc of the notch of the multiple stacked rotating blades decreases from top to bottom, so that the openings decrease in turn. Correspondingly, the blade width increases in turn, and the length of the protruding rotating teeth on the outer side of the blade increases in turn.
[0018] When the sludge is a fluid sludge with a moisture content of 85% to 95%, the weight ratio of granular coal to sludge is 1:0.46 to 0.70; when the sludge is a plastic sludge with a moisture content of 75% to 85%, the weight ratio of granular coal to sludge is 1:0.550 to 0.875.
[0019] In the crushing component of the slurry crusher or the mixing component of the slurry mixer, the meshing distance between all the meshing protruding rotating teeth and protruding stationary teeth is consistent, and is the distance required for the target particle size of the material.
[0020] The technical solution adopted by the sludge-coal slurry preparation system of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:
[0021] A sludge-coal slurry preparation system is provided, which can efficiently and cost-effectively consume and treat the residual sludge after sewage treatment. The system is characterized by comprising a slurry mixer for mixing coal powder of the target particle size with the sludge slurry. The slurry mixer is divided into two separate sections: a coal treatment unit and a sludge treatment unit. The coal treatment unit, in sequence according to its processing technology, includes a crusher for pulverizing raw coal and a vibrating screen. A return device is provided between the crusher and the vibrating screen to return raw coal that fails to pass through the screen openings back to the crusher. The sludge treatment unit mainly includes a slurry pulverizer for pulverizing sludge into sludge slurry.
[0022] The following is a further embodiment of the sludge-coal slurry preparation system of the present invention:
[0023] The slurry crusher and slurry mixer described above are used.
[0024] The slurry mixer described above is used.
[0025] The mixer outlet is connected to a coal-water slurry collection container, which is connected to a coal-water slurry pool via a conveying pipe. The coal-water slurry pool is connected to the feed inlet of a vertical fluidized bed boiler via a conveying pump and a conveying pipe.
[0026] The sludge-coal slurry preparation method and sludge-coal slurry preparation system of this invention can efficiently and cost-effectively consume and treat the residual sludge after sewage treatment, which is currently difficult to handle properly. It can cleanly, thoroughly, efficiently, and harmlessly consume and treat the residual sludge after sewage treatment. In the sludge-coal slurry preparation method of this invention, the sludge crushing can adopt the method described in the applicant's application ZL201910423588.4, entitled "A Vertical Slurry Crusher," or the horizontal slurry crusher scheme with application number 201910423269.3. Because this invention first uses a slurry crusher to cut and crush the sludge into sludge slurry before mixing, the high-speed shearing action of the protruding rotating teeth and protruding stationary teeth of the slurry crusher can completely destroy the network structure of the sludge flocculant, allowing water to be fully released from the sludge.
[0027] Because the core of this invention's slurry mixer is a rotor composed of a set of mixing vanes and a cylinder with multiple raised fixed teeth on its inner wall, it has dual functions of crushing and mixing. It achieves unexpectedly good technical results in the field of sludge-coal slurry production technology, a field of energy conservation and environmental protection that is currently in urgent need but difficult to solve. Since the vanes of this invention's slurry mixer are installed in a left-right spiral configuration, the changing spiral angle causes the material to swirl, increasing the mixing effect; the spiral groove depth gradually decreases from top to bottom, causing the material to move laterally, and the gradually decreasing spiral groove space increases the compression mixing effect. Therefore, coal and sludge can be thoroughly mixed.
[0028] To address the problems identified in ZL201910842220.1, this invention first separately crushes and refines coal and sludge according to their actual needs. The raw coal is repeatedly crushed into coal powder with a particle diameter less than 2mm using an existing crusher. The sludge is then crushed into sludge slurry with a particle diameter of less than 1mm using a slurry mill. The coal powder of the target particle size is then mixed with the sludge slurry and continuously fed into a slurry mixer for further mixing. This completely avoids using a slurry mixer to crush the coal particles. Since the residual sludge from wastewater treatment plants typically contains no other impurities, it usually does not damage the crushing components. Because the gap between the protruding rotating teeth and the protruding stationary teeth of the slurry mill determines the particle size of the crushed material, the gap between the protruding rotating teeth and the protruding stationary teeth is designed to fully meet the actual needs of the sludge (less than 1mm), allowing water to be fully extracted from the sludge.
[0029] In addition, the sludge-coal slurry preparation system of the present invention is small in size and occupies little space, making it easy to prepare slurry in front of the furnace, saving transportation and storage costs, and reducing its impact on the surrounding environment. It has many outstanding advantages such as integration, miniaturization, and localization. Therefore, the application of the slurry mixer of the present invention in the field of sludge-coal slurry has good social and economic benefits and is worth promoting and applying. Attached Figure Description
[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the slurry mixer unit of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the hidden outer sleeves of the slurry mixer of the present invention.
[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the motor of the slurry mixer unit of the present invention.
[0033] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the slurry mixer of the present invention.
[0034] Figure 5 This is a top view schematic diagram of the hybrid component of the present invention.
[0035] Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the hybrid component of the present invention.
[0036] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cylinder.
[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a screen.
[0038] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the semicircular portion of the cylinder with protruding fixed teeth on the entire inner wall.
[0039] Figure 10A schematic diagram of the outer periphery of the semi-circular portion of the cylinder where the screen area is set.
[0040] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the inner circumference of the semi-circular portion of the cylinder used to set the screen area.
[0041] Figure 12 A top-view diagram showing the concealed flange and chassis configuration of the hybrid components.
[0042] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the assembly state of the rotor, shaft, and tray.
[0043] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft in a horizontal position.
[0044] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a 3-blade rotor and the separation state of its blades.
[0045] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of one of the blades of a 3-blade rotor.
[0046] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a 2-blade rotor.
[0047] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of one of the blades of a two-bladed rotor.
[0048] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of a 4-blade rotor.
[0049] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of one of the blades of a 4-blade rotor.
[0050] Figure 21 This is a process flowchart of the sludge-coal slurry preparation method of the present invention.
[0051] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the sludge-coal slurry preparation system of the present invention.
[0052] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the sludge-coal slurry preparation system of the present invention.
[0053] List of reference numerals
[0054] 1. Cylinder; 2. Rotor; 3. Rotating blade; 4. Rotating shaft; 5. Screen area; 6. Mesh opening; 7. Raised stationary teeth; 8. Empty section; 9. Raised rotating teeth; 10. Notch; 11. Blade; 12. Notch; 13. Shaft hole; 14. Raised rib; 15. Base plate; 16. Stepped surface; 17. Multi-tooth key; 18. Flange; 19. Multi-tooth groove; 20. Tray; 22. Groove; 23. Empty groove; 24. Upper outer sleeve; 25. Inlet end; 26. Discharge port; 27. Bearing; 29. Mounting bracket; 30. Mounting plate; 31. Middle outer sleeve; 32. Lower outer sleeve; 33. Pulley; 34. Motor; 35. Main shaft. Detailed Implementation
[0055] The following is Figures 1 to 20 Taking the slurry mixer shown as an example, combined with Figure 21 The pulping process flowchart shown is consistent with Figures 22 to 23 The schematic diagram of the sludge-coal slurry preparation system shown illustrates a specific embodiment of the present invention.
[0056] The sludge crushing can adopt the scheme of ZL201910423588.4, entitled "A Vertical Slurry Crusher", applied by the applicant on 2019-05-21, or the horizontal slurry crusher scheme with application number 201910423269.3.
[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the slurry mixer of the present invention is equipped with a mounting frame 29, on which a mounting plate 30 is mounted. The slurry mixer is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting plate 30. The lower end of the rotating shaft 4 of the slurry mixer passes through the mounting plate 30, and a pulley 33 is mounted on the lower end of the rotating shaft 4. A motor 34 is fixedly mounted on the other side of the mounting plate 30. The main shaft 35 of the motor 34 passes through the mounting plate 30, as shown. Figure 3 As shown, a pulley 33 is also installed at the lower end of the main shaft 35 of the motor 34, and a transmission belt is installed between the two pulleys 33. This forms the slurry mixer unit of the present invention.
[0058] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the slurry mixer of the present invention includes a mixing component driven by a rotating shaft 4. For example... Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the mixing component includes a cylinder 1 and a rotor 2 located inside the cylinder 1. A flange 18 is provided at the upper end of the cylinder 1, which is the material inlet end 25. A rotating shaft 4 is connected to the rotor 2 and extends out at the other end of the cylinder 1 as the power transmission end.
[0059] like Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, a portion of the cylinder wall of the cylinder 1 is a screen area 5 for discharging the mixed material. The screen area 5 is filled with mesh holes 6 with a diameter suitable for discharging the mixed material. The portion of the inner wall of the cylinder 1 other than the screen area 5 is provided with multiple raised teeth 7. For example... Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the raised fixed teeth 7 are arranged in multiple rows along the circumference of the inner wall of the cylinder 1. Each row includes multiple raised fixed teeth 7 arranged vertically along the inner wall of the cylinder 1. A gap section 8 is provided between two adjacent rows of raised fixed teeth 7 to provide space for material to fall. When the mixer is working, the mixing component of the present invention uses the centrifugal force of the rotor 2 to throw the material to the surrounding area. The material that is sheared and mixed to the target particle size is thrown out through the numerous mesh openings 6 of the screen and into the material collection device by centrifugal force. The material that does not meet the target particle size falls freely under its own gravity and is further sheared and mixed by the raised rotating teeth 9 and the raised fixed teeth 7 below. During the falling process, the material is sheared and mixed to the target particle size and then thrown out through the numerous mesh openings 6 of the screen and into the material collection device by centrifugal force.
[0060] like Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the rotor 2 has multiple raised rotating teeth 9 arranged on its outer periphery. At least two rows of these raised rotating teeth 9 are arranged along the outer periphery of the rotor 2. Considering both practical effect and manufacturability, three or four rows are more suitable, with three rows being the most appropriate. Each row includes multiple raised rotating teeth 9 arranged vertically along the outer periphery of the rotor 2. A gap groove 23 is provided between adjacent rows of raised rotating teeth 9 to provide space for material to fall. The multiple raised rotating teeth 9 on the outer periphery of the rotor 2 mesh with multiple raised fixed teeth 7 provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 1. A groove is formed between every two raised fixed teeth 7 or every two raised rotating teeth 9, allowing them to embed into each other. The meshing raised rotating teeth 9 and raised fixed teeth 7 maintain the spacing required for the target particle size of the material.
[0061] like Figure 4 , Figure 13 As shown, rotor 2 is composed of multiple stacked rotor plates 3. Figure 16 As shown, each rotating blade 3 has a shaft hole 13 and includes at least two blades 11. A notch 12 is formed between two adjacent blades 11, and a protruding rotating tooth 9 is provided on the outer side of each blade 11. Figure 15 As shown, from top to bottom, each rotating plate 3 deflects by a deflection angle R relative to the rotating plate 3 above it in turn around the axis, so that each rotating plate 3 forms an offset step surface 16 in each empty slot 23 relative to its adjacent rotating plate 3, forming the space required for material to fall in the empty slot 23 in the shape of a spiral staircase.
[0062] like Figure 15As shown, the notch 12 of the rotating blade 3 is arc-shaped. The radius of the arc of the notch 12 of the multiple stacked rotating blades 3 decreases from top to bottom, so that the openings decrease. Correspondingly, the width of the blade 11 increases, and the length of the protruding rotating teeth 9 on the outer side of the blade 11 increases.
[0063] The blade 11 of the rotating plate 3 consists of two symmetrically distributed blades, such as... Figure 17 , Figure 18 As shown; or three evenly distributed pieces, such as Figure 15 , Figure 16 As shown; or 4 pieces evenly distributed, such as Figure 19 , Figure 20 As shown, at least one rotor blade 3 located below rotor 2 deflects in the opposite direction. Considering both practical effect and manufacturability, setting 3 or 4 blades is appropriate, especially setting 3 blades is the most suitable.
[0064] like Figure 14 As shown, the rotating shaft 4 and the rotor 2 are connected by a spline. Multi-tooth keys 17 are provided on the rotating shaft 4, and the multi-tooth keys 17 are evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 4. Figure 15 , Figure 16 As shown, each rotating plate 3 has a corresponding multi-tooth groove 19 at its center, and the included angle between two adjacent tooth keys is the deflection angle R between the upper and lower rotating plates 3. This makes installation and debugging very convenient, as each rotating plate 3 only needs to be staggered by one tooth key from top to bottom to achieve the deflection angle R.
[0065] like Figure 15 As shown, preferably, the rotor 2 is composed of 9 stacked blades 3. The blades 11 of the blades 3 are 3 blades evenly distributed, the deflection angle R is 12 degrees, the number of teeth of the multi-tooth key 17 and the number of slots of the multi-tooth grooves 19 of each blade 3 are 30; the bottommost 9th blade 3 of the stacked blades 3 is deflected 12 degrees in the opposite direction.
[0066] The cross-sections of the raised fixed teeth 7 and the raised rotating teeth 9 are triangular, trapezoidal, or rectangular, with triangular being preferred. The cross-sections of the grooves 22 between every two raised fixed teeth 7 or every two raised rotating teeth 9, which allow them to interlock, are also correspondingly triangular, trapezoidal, or rectangular. The meshing distance between all the meshing raised rotating teeth 9 and raised fixed teeth 7 is consistent, and is the distance required for the target particle size of the material. The present invention preferably uses a triangular cross-section.
[0067] like Figure 7 As shown, the cylinder 1 comprises two semicircular sections; the inner wall of one semicircular section is entirely provided with protruding fixed teeth 7, such as... Figure 9 As shown; another semi-circular section is equipped with a screen area 5. (As shown...) Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, another semicircular portion has a notch 10, and the cylinder 1 also includes an independent screen plate, such as... Figure 8As shown, the screen mesh is fixedly installed in the notch 10, serving as the screen area 5. The inner diameter of the mesh 6 is smaller than the outer diameter. This arrangement effectively prevents material from clogging the mesh 6, ensuring smooth material discharge from the mesh 6.
[0068] like Figure 4 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, a tray 20 is disposed below the rotor 2, and the tray 20 rotates with the rotor 2; a base 15 is disposed below the tray 20, and multiple raised ribs 14 are provided on the bottom surface of the tray 20 for agitating materials falling onto the base 15; the raised ribs 14 are arranged along their radial direction and evenly distributed along their circumference; the rotating shaft 4 passes through the tray 20 and the base 15, and extends downward through at least one bearing 27. Figure 1 As shown, an outer sleeve 24 is fitted over the outer body 1. The outer sleeve 24 is provided with a discharge port 26, which corresponds to the screen area 5 of the cylinder 1. The raised ribs 14 are used to sweep up the material that falls onto the chassis 15. The centrifugal force of the rotating rotor 2 is used to throw it to the surrounding area. The material that is sheared and mixed to the target particle size is thrown out through the numerous mesh holes 6 of the screen and into the material collection device by centrifugal force. The material that does not meet the target particle size is further sheared and mixed by the raised rotating teeth 9 and raised stationary teeth 7 near the lower end of the chassis 15, and is thrown out through the numerous mesh holes 6 of the screen and into the material collection device by centrifugal force.
[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, the rotating shaft 4 is fitted with the middle outer sleeve 31 and the lower outer sleeve 32 below the upper outer sleeve 24. The upper outer sleeve 24, the middle outer sleeve 31, and the lower outer sleeve 32 are connected to each other. The lower outer sleeve 32 is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting plate 30. The lower end of the rotating shaft 4 passes through the mounting plate 30, and a pulley 33 is installed at the lower end of the rotating shaft 4. The motor 34 is fixedly installed on the other side of the mounting plate 30. The main shaft 35 of the motor 34 passes through the mounting plate 30, and a pulley 33 is also installed at the lower end of the main shaft 35 of the motor 34.
[0070] In operation, motor 34 drives shaft 4 to rotate at high speed, and rotor 2 rotates at high speed inside cylinder 1. Material is continuously fed in from material inlet 25 and is sheared and mixed by the protruding rotating teeth 9 of rotor 2 and the protruding fixed teeth 7 on the inner wall of cylinder 1. Material that is not cut to the target particle size falls to the bottom through the falling space to continue to be sheared and mixed. During the falling process, the material is sheared and mixed until it meets the target particle size, and is then thrown out through the numerous mesh holes 6 of the screen by centrifugal force, and goes to the material collection device through discharge port 26.
[0071] like Figure 21As shown, a method for preparing sludge-coal slurry involves calculating the weight ratio of granular coal to sludge based on the moisture content of the sludge and the target sludge-coal slurry. First, the raw coal and sludge are separately pulverized into coal powder and sludge slurry of the target particle size. Then, the coal powder and sludge slurry of the target particle size are mixed to produce a sludge-coal slurry composed of 65% to 70% solid particles and 30% to 35% water. The sludge primarily refers to the residual sludge from wastewater treatment plants, which has high viscosity, a flocculated network structure, and contains a large amount of internal water, making it difficult to mix thoroughly with coal slurry. The residual sludge from wastewater treatment plants typically does not contain other impurities and will not damage the pulverizing components. However, the sludge described in this invention can also be other similar waste materials. These waste materials usually pollute the environment but possess a certain calorific value, such as oil sludge, waste oil slurry, organic waste slurry, and kitchen waste slurry. Of course, hard impurities such as metals and stones that could damage the pulverizing components need to be removed beforehand. The raw coal is preferably pure coal lumps or granular crushed coal, but it can also be coal slime with sufficient calorific value, coal gangue that can be crushed into powder, etc.
[0072] Before mixing coal powder and sludge slurry, the raw coal is separately crushed into coal powder with a particle diameter of 1mm to 2mm, and the sludge is crushed into sludge slurry with a particle diameter of less than 1mm. Then, the coal powder of the target particle size is mixed with the sludge slurry. The raw coal is repeatedly crushed by a crusher. After each crushing, the raw coal is screened through a vibrating screen with a mesh diameter of 2mm. Particles with a diameter of less than 2mm that pass through the screen are considered qualified coal powder, while particles with a diameter greater than 2mm that do not pass through the screen are returned to the crusher for further crushing. The sludge is then crushed by a slurry pulverizer. The coal powder of the target particle size is then mixed with the sludge slurry and continuously fed into a slurry mixer for mixing. The mixture is then discharged from the outlet of the slurry mixer to a sludge-coal slurry collection container.
[0073] In the crushing component of the slurry crusher or the mixing component of the slurry mixer, the meshing distance between all the meshing protruding rotating teeth 9 and the protruding fixed teeth 7 is consistent, and is the distance required for the target particle size of the material.
[0074] When the sludge is fluid with a moisture content of 85% to 95%, the weight ratio of granulated coal to sludge is 1:0.46 to 0.70. If the sludge has a moisture content of 85%, the weight ratio of granulated coal to sludge is 1:0.55 to 0.70. This will produce a sludge-coal slurry consisting of 65% to 70% solid particles and 30% to 35% water. If the sludge is fluid with a moisture content of 90%, the weight ratio of granulated coal to sludge is 1:0.50 to 0.64. This will produce a sludge-coal slurry consisting of 65% to 70% solid particles and 30% to 35% water. If the sludge is fluid with a moisture content of 95%, the weight ratio of granulated coal to sludge is 1:0.460 to 0.585. This can produce sludge-coal slurry consisting of 65% to 70% solid particles and 30% to 35% water.
[0075] When the sludge is in a plastic state with a moisture content of 75% to 85%, the weight ratio of granular coal to sludge is 1:0.550 to 0.875. If the sludge has a moisture content of 75%, the weight ratio is 1:0.670 to 0.875; if the sludge has a moisture content of 80%, the ratio is 1:0.60 to 0.78; and if the sludge has a moisture content of 85%, the ratio is 1:0.55 to 0.70. This produces a sludge-coal slurry composed of 65% to 70% solid particles and 30% to 35% water.
[0076] like Figure 22 As shown, a sludge-coal slurry preparation system for implementing the above-mentioned sludge-coal slurry preparation method can efficiently and cost-effectively consume and treat the residual sludge after sewage treatment. It includes a slurry mixer for mixing coal powder of target particle size with sludge slurry. The slurry mixer is divided into two separate sections: a coal treatment device and a sludge treatment device. The coal treatment device, in sequence according to its processing technology, includes a crusher for crushing raw coal and a vibrating screen. A return device is installed between the crusher and the vibrating screen to return raw coal that fails to pass through the screen openings back to the crusher. The sludge treatment device mainly includes a slurry crusher for crushing sludge into sludge slurry. The slurry crusher can be the same as the one used in this application, ZL201910423588.4, entitled "A Vertical Slurry Crusher," filed on May 21, 2019, or the horizontal slurry crusher with application number 201910423269.3. The slurry mixer is the same as described above. Figure 23As shown, the mixer outlet 26 is connected to a coal-water slurry collection container, which is connected to a coal-water slurry tank via a conveying pipe. This invention's sludge-coal-water slurry preparation system can conveniently achieve pre-furnace slurry preparation; the coal-water slurry tank only needs to be connected to the feed port of a vertical fluidized bed boiler via a conveying pump and conveying pipe. The conveying pump can be the rotor pump for conveying solid-liquid two-phase materials, as described in the applicant's application (application number: 201910075221.8, application date: 2019-01).
[0077] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described above are exemplary. Those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this invention, and these solutions all fall within the scope of this invention and its protection. Those skilled in the art should understand that this specification and its accompanying drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. This specification contains multiple inventive concepts; terms such as "preferredly," "according to a preferred embodiment," or "optionally" indicate that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept. The applicant reserves the right to file divisional applications based on each inventive concept. Throughout the text, features introduced by "preferredly" are merely optional and should not be construed as mandatory. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete relevant preferred features at any time.
Claims
1. A hybrid component, characterized in that, The mixing component includes a cylinder (1) and a rotor (2) located inside the cylinder (1). One end of the cylinder (1) is a material inlet, and a rotating shaft (4) connected to the rotor (2) extends out at the other end of the cylinder (1) as a power transmission end. The rotor (2) has a plurality of raised rotating teeth (9) arranged on its outer periphery. The raised rotating teeth (9) are arranged in at least two rows along the outer periphery of the rotor (2). Each row includes a plurality of raised rotating teeth (9) arranged vertically along the outer periphery of the rotor (2). A gap groove (23) is provided between two adjacent rows of raised rotating teeth (9) as the space required for material to fall. The rotor (2) of the mixing component is composed of multiple stacked blades (3). Each blade (3) has a shaft hole (13) and includes at least two blades (11). The portion between two adjacent blades (11) is cut off to form a notch (12). The outer side of each blade (11) is provided with the protruding rotating teeth (9). From top to bottom, each blade (3) deflects by one deflection angle relative to the blade (3) above it, so that each blade (3) forms an offset step surface (16) in each slot (23) relative to its adjacent blade (3), forming a space for material to fall in a spiral staircase-like shape in the slot (23). The notch (12) of the rotating blade (3) is arc-shaped. The radius of the arc of the notch (12) of the multiple stacked rotating blades (3) decreases from top to bottom, so that the openings decrease. The width of the blade (11) increases. The length of the protruding rotating teeth (9) on the outer side of the blade (11) increases. The depth of the spiral groove gradually decreases from top to bottom, so that the material moves laterally. At the same time, the spiral groove space gradually decreases to increase the extrusion and mixing effect. Part of the cylinder wall of the cylinder (1) is a screen area (5) for discharging the mixed material. The screen area (5) is filled with mesh holes (6) with a diameter suitable for discharging the mixed material. In addition to the screen area (5), the inner wall of the cylinder (1) is provided with multiple protruding fixed teeth (7). The protruding fixed teeth (7) are arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the cylinder (1). The arrangement is divided into multiple rows, each row including multiple raised fixed teeth (7) arranged vertically along the inner wall of the cylinder (1). A gap section (8) is set between two adjacent rows of raised fixed teeth (7) as the space required for material to fall. Multiple raised rotating teeth (9) on the outer periphery of the rotor (2) mesh with multiple raised fixed teeth (7) set on the inner wall of the cylinder (1). A groove is formed between every two raised fixed teeth (7) or every two raised rotating teeth (9) for each other to be embedded. The meshing raised rotating teeth (9) and raised fixed teeth (7) maintain the distance required for the target particle size of the material. An outer sleeve (24) is fitted on the outside of the cylinder (1). The outer sleeve (24) is provided with a discharge port (26). The discharge port (26) corresponds to the screen area (5) of the cylinder (1).
2. The hybrid component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge port (26) is connected to the coal-water slurry collection container. The coal-water slurry container is connected to the coal-water slurry pool via a conveying pipe. The coal-water slurry pool is connected to the feed port of the vertical fluidized bed boiler via a conveying pump and a conveying pipe.
3. A sludge-coal slurry preparation system, characterized in that, The invention includes a slurry mixer having a mixing component as described in claim 1 and mixing coal powder and sludge slurry. The slurry mixer is divided into two separate sections: a coal treatment device and a sludge treatment device. The coal treatment device includes, in sequence according to its processing technology, a crusher for crushing raw coal and a vibrating screen. A return device is provided between the crusher and the vibrating screen to transport raw coal that fails to pass through the screen openings back to the crusher. The sludge treatment apparatus includes a slurry crusher for crushing sludge into sludge slurry, the slurry crusher including a crushing component, and the slurry mixer including a mixing component.
4. A method using the sludge-coal slurry preparation system of claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the moisture content of the sludge and the target sludge-coal slurry, the weight ratio of granular coal to sludge is calculated. Before mixing the coal powder and sludge slurry, the raw coal is crushed into coal powder with a particle diameter of 1 mm to 2 mm. The sludge is crushed into sludge slurry with a particle diameter of less than 1 mm using a slurry crusher. The coal powder and sludge slurry are then mixed together and continuously fed into a slurry mixer for mixing. The mixture is then discharged from the outlet of the slurry mixer to a sludge-coal slurry collection container, thereby producing a sludge-coal slurry composed of 65% to 70% solid particles and 30% to 35% water.
5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The raw coal is repeatedly crushed by a crusher. After each crushing, the raw coal is screened through a vibrating screen with a mesh diameter of 2mm. Particles with a diameter of less than 2mm that pass through the screen are considered qualified coal powder, while particles with a diameter of more than 2mm that cannot pass through the screen are returned to the crusher for further crushing.