Intelligent electronic switch, chip, product and equipment for overload protection

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent electronic switch, a chip, a product and equipment for overload protection, the intelligent electronic switch comprises an input end, a first one-way conduction circuit, an overload counting latch and a control circuit, the positive electrode of the first one-way conduction circuit is connected with the input end, and the negative electrode of the first one-way conduction circuit is connected with the power supply end of the overload counting latch; the first one-way conduction circuit is used for allowing the energy of a starting control signal to be supplied to the power supply end of the overload counting latch when the input end receives the starting control signal, so that the starting control signal continuously received by the input end can continuously supply power to the overload counting latch, and even if the power supply end of the power supply is under-voltage, the overload counting latch can continuously supply power to the overload counting latch. And data in the overload counting latch cannot be lost, so that an implementation basis is provided for a control circuit to accurately control the on-off state of the power switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of semiconductor technology, and more particularly to an intelligent electronic switch, chip, product, and device for overload protection. Background Technology

[0002] In electromechanical equipment, intelligent electronic switches are connected between the load and the power supply via wires. They have one or more diagnostic capabilities and protection features, such as protection against over-temperature, overload, overcurrent, and short-circuit events. When events such as over-temperature, overload, or short circuit occur, the power switch in the intelligent electronic switch can be disconnected, thereby disconnecting the path between the power supply and the load.

[0003] In practical applications, due to parasitic factors such as inductance in the wires, when the power switch is turned off due to overload protection, the voltage at the power supply terminal may be pulled down below the undervoltage threshold. This can cause the power supply signal to the overload counter latch in the intelligent electronic switch to be lost, resulting in the loss of data such as the number of times the overload counter latch has turned off. Consequently, when the voltage at the power supply terminal returns to normal, the control of the power switch may malfunction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an intelligent electronic switch, chip, product, and device for overload protection, which addresses the problem that the voltage at the power supply terminal may be undervoltage when the power switch experiences overload protection, potentially leading to errors in the control of the power switch.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the first aspect of this application provides an intelligent electronic switch for overload protection, comprising a power supply terminal, a power ground terminal, an input terminal, a load output terminal, a power switch, and a control circuit.

[0006] Wherein, the power supply terminal is used to connect to the positive terminal of the power supply, the power ground terminal is used to connect to the negative terminal of the power supply, the load output terminal is used to connect in series with the load, the power switch has a first terminal connected to the power supply terminal or the power ground terminal, a second terminal connected to the load output terminal, and a gate terminal connected to the control circuit. The control circuit is connected to the input terminal, and the control circuit is used to control the power switch to turn on when the input terminal receives an on control signal.

[0007] It also includes a first unidirectional conduction circuit and an overload counter latch. The positive terminal of the first unidirectional conduction circuit is connected to the input terminal, and its negative terminal is connected to the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch. The first unidirectional conduction circuit is used to allow the energy of the turn-on control signal to be supplied to the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch when the input terminal receives the turn-on control signal. The overload counter latch is used to count and store the number of times the power switch is turned off due to overload protection.

[0008] Optionally, the intelligent electronic switch further includes a power supply branch, one end of which is connected to the power supply terminal, and the other end is connected to the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch.

[0009] The power supply branch includes a second unidirectional conduction circuit and a voltage processing circuit connected in series. The second unidirectional conduction circuit is used to allow energy from the power supply terminal to be supplied to the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch. The voltage processing circuit is used to process the voltage of the power supply terminal when the voltage of the power supply terminal is normal, so that the power supply branch outputs the power supply signal of the overload counter latch.

[0010] Optionally, the overload counter latch includes an overload counter and a first latch connected to each other, and the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch includes the power supply terminal of the overload counter and the power supply terminal of the first latch.

[0011] The overload counter is used to store and accumulate the number of times the power switch is turned off due to overload protection when the power supply is normal, and outputs a first count arrival signal when the number of turn-offs reaches the first count threshold. The first latch is used to output a turn-off latch signal when the power supply is normal and the first count arrival signal is received, so that the control circuit controls the power switch to remain in the turn-off state.

[0012] Optionally, the intelligent electronic switch further includes a protection circuit, which is connected to the overload counter and the control circuit;

[0013] The protection circuit is used to output an overload protection signal when the first sample value of the power switch is greater than the first protection threshold, and the overload counter is used to accumulate counts when the overload protection signal is received.

[0014] The overload counter is also used to output a second count arrival signal to the protection circuit when its power supply is normal and the accumulated count of the shutdown cutoff times reaches a second count threshold, wherein the second count threshold is less than the first count threshold.

[0015] The protection circuit is further configured to switch the first protection threshold to a second protection threshold when the second count arrival signal is received, wherein the second protection threshold is less than the first protection threshold.

[0016] Optionally, the protection circuit includes a current limiting protection unit and a temperature protection unit, both of which are connected to the control circuit and the overload counter.

[0017] The current limiting protection unit is used to output a current limiting protection signal when the current sampling value of the power switch is greater than the first current limiting protection threshold, so that the control circuit adjusts the current value flowing through the power switch, thereby making the current sampling value less than or equal to the first current limiting protection threshold. The temperature protection unit outputs an over-temperature protection signal when the temperature sampling value of the power switch is greater than the over-temperature protection threshold, so as to trigger the control circuit to control the power switch to turn off and the overload counter to accumulate counts.

[0018] The current limiting protection unit is also used to switch the first current limiting protection threshold to the second current limiting protection threshold when the second count arrival signal is received.

[0019] Optionally, the protection circuit includes an overcurrent protection unit connected to the control circuit and the overload counter. When the current sampling value of the power switch is greater than a first overcurrent protection threshold, the overcurrent protection unit outputs an overcurrent protection signal, causing the control circuit to control the power switch to turn off and the overload counter to increment. The overcurrent protection unit is also used to switch the first overcurrent protection threshold to a second overcurrent protection threshold when a second count arrival signal is received; or...

[0020] The protection circuit includes a temperature protection unit connected to the control circuit and the overload counter. When the temperature sampling value of the power switch is greater than the first temperature protection threshold, the temperature protection unit outputs a temperature protection signal so that the control circuit controls the power switch to turn off and the overload counter to accumulate counts. The temperature protection unit is also used to switch the first temperature protection threshold to the second temperature protection threshold when it receives the second count arrival signal.

[0021] Optionally, the first number threshold is in the range of 3 to 10 times, and the second number threshold is in the range of 1 to the first number threshold minus 1.

[0022] Optionally, the intelligent electronic switch further includes a drain-source voltage detection circuit, and the overload counter latch further includes a second latch;

[0023] As an example, the drain-source voltage detection circuit is connected to the input terminal, the second latch, the control circuit, and the drain and source of the power switch, respectively. The second latch is also connected to the protection circuit and the negative terminal of the first unidirectional conduction circuit. The drain-source voltage detection circuit is used to obtain the drain-source voltage value of the power switch when the input terminal receives an on control signal, and output a first threshold selection signal based on the maximum value of the drain-source voltage value. When the control circuit receives the first threshold selection signal, it controls the power switch to turn on. When the second latch receives the first threshold selection signal, it outputs a first threshold latch signal. The protection circuit determines a protection threshold for protecting the power switch based on the received first threshold latch signal.

[0024] As another example, the drain-source voltage detection circuit is connected to the input terminal, the second latch, the drain and source of the power switch, respectively. The second latch is also connected to the protection circuit and the negative terminal of the first unidirectional conduction circuit. The drain-source voltage detection circuit is used to obtain the drain-source voltage value of the power switch when the input terminal receives an enable control signal, and output a first threshold selection signal based on the maximum value of the drain-source voltage value. The control circuit controls the power switch to turn on when the input terminal receives an enable control signal. The second latch outputs a first threshold latch signal when it receives the first threshold selection signal. The protection circuit determines a protection threshold for protecting the power switch based on the received first threshold latch signal.

[0025] Optionally, the intelligent electronic switch further includes a drain-source voltage detection circuit and a delay circuit, the overload counter latch further includes a second latch, the drain-source voltage detection circuit is connected to the input terminal, the second latch, the drain and source of the power switch respectively, the second latch is also connected to the protection circuit and the negative terminal of the first unidirectional conduction circuit, and the delay circuit is connected to the input terminal and the control circuit respectively.

[0026] The drain-source voltage detection circuit acquires the drain-source voltage value of the power switch when it receives the turn-on control signal at the input terminal, and outputs a first threshold selection signal based on the drain-source voltage value. The second latch outputs a first threshold latch signal when it receives the first threshold selection signal. The protection circuit determines a protection threshold for protecting the power switch based on the received first threshold latch signal. The delay circuit starts timing when it receives the turn-on control signal at the input terminal, and outputs a first timing arrival signal when the timing duration reaches a first preset duration threshold. The control circuit controls the power switch to turn on when it receives the first timing arrival signal.

[0027] Optionally, the intelligent electronic switch further includes a temperature detection unit, and the overload counter latch further includes a third latch. The temperature detection unit is connected to the input terminal, the third latch, and the protection circuit respectively. The third latch is also connected to the protection circuit and the negative terminal of the first unidirectional conduction circuit.

[0028] The temperature detection unit is used to start working when the input terminal receives the turn-on control signal to obtain the real-time temperature of the power switch, and output a second threshold selection signal based on the real-time temperature. The third latch outputs a second threshold latch signal when it receives the second threshold selection signal. The protection circuit determines a protection threshold for protecting the power switch based on the received second threshold latch signal.

[0029] A second aspect of this application provides an integrated circuit chip, including the intelligent electronic switch as described in the first aspect above, wherein the power supply terminal is a power supply pin, the power ground terminal is a power ground pin, the load output terminal is a load output pin, and the input terminal is an input pin.

[0030] A third aspect of this application provides a chip product including a smart electronic switch as described in the first aspect above, wherein the control circuit and overload counter latch of the smart electronic switch are located on a first integrated circuit chip, and the power switch is located on a second integrated circuit chip.

[0031] The fourth aspect of this application provides an electromechanical device, including an intelligent electronic switch as described in the first aspect above, or an integrated circuit chip as described in the second aspect above, or a chip product as described in the third aspect above.

[0032] It also includes a power supply, a load, and a processor; wherein, the positive terminal of the power supply is connected to the power supply terminal, the negative terminal of the power supply is connected to the power supply ground terminal, one end of the load is connected to the load output terminal, the other end of the load is connected to the power supply ground terminal or the power supply terminal, and the processor is connected to the intelligent electronic switch.

[0033] In the embodiments of this application, the intelligent electronic switch includes an input terminal, a one-way conduction circuit, and an overload counter latch. The positive terminal of the one-way conduction circuit is connected to the input terminal, and its negative terminal is connected to the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch. This one-way conduction circuit allows the energy of the turn-on control signal to be supplied to the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch when the input terminal receives a turn-on control signal. That is, the turn-on control signal continuously received at the input terminal can continuously supply power to the overload counter latch. Even if the power supply terminal experiences undervoltage, the data in the overload counter latch will not be lost. This provides a basis for the control circuit to accurately control the switching state of the power switch. Furthermore, the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch is also connected to the power supply terminal via a power supply branch. This allows the overload counter latch to operate normally based on the energy provided by either the input terminal or the power supply terminal when the start control signal received at the input terminal is normal and the voltage at the power supply terminal is normal. When the signal at the input terminal is unstable, the overload counter latch can still operate normally based on the energy provided by the power supply terminal. When voltage drops occur at the power supply terminal, the overload counter latch can still operate normally based on the energy provided by the input terminal, further ensuring the power supply stability of the overload counter latch and making it possible to accurately control the power switch with the control signal. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1A This is a circuit module diagram of an electromechanical device provided in the first embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 1B This is another circuit module diagram of the electromechanical equipment provided in the first embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a circuit module of the intelligent electronic switch provided in the first embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram of another circuit module of the intelligent electronic switch provided in the first embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 3B This is a schematic diagram of another circuit module of the intelligent electronic switch provided in the first embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 3C This is a schematic diagram of another circuit module of the intelligent electronic switch provided in the first embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 4A and Figure 4B These are schematic diagrams of two circuit modules of the intelligent electronic switch provided in the second embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit module of the intelligent electronic switch provided in the third embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit module of the intelligent electronic switch provided in the fifth embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, appearing in this application specification, claims, and drawings, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or modules is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used to distinguish different objects and are not used to describe a specific order. Connections in this application include direct connections and indirect connections. An indirect connection refers to the presence of other electronic components, pins, etc., between the two connected components. The term "XX terminal" mentioned in this application may or may not be an actual terminal, such as simply one end of a component or one end of a wire. The term "and / or includes three cases" mentioned in this application, such as A and / or B, includes A, B, and A and B.

[0046] Various embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these embodiments are illustrative examples only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. For example, while an embodiment may be described as including multiple features or elements, this is for illustrative purposes only, and in other embodiments, some of these features or elements may be omitted and / or replaced by alternative features or elements. Furthermore, in some embodiments, additional features or elements, such as those commonly used in power switches, may be provided in addition to those described herein or shown in the accompanying drawings, without departing from the scope of this application. Features or elements from different embodiments may be combined with each other to form other embodiments. Variations of different embodiments and the modifications described may also be applied to other embodiments.

[0047] First Embodiment

[0048] This application provides an electromechanical device. Figure 1A This is a circuit module diagram of an electromechanical device provided in the first embodiment of this application; Figure 1B This is another circuit module diagram of the electromechanical equipment provided in the first embodiment of this application. Please refer to... Figure 1A and Figure 1BThe electromechanical equipment includes a power supply 10, a load 20, an intelligent electronic switch 30 (shown in the dashed box in the figure), and a processor 40. The power supply 10 is generally a battery, typically a rechargeable battery, providing voltages such as 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, and 60V. Other types of batteries or power supplies can also be used, such as AC / DC converters or DC / DC converters. The load 20 includes at least one of resistive, inductive, and capacitive loads. For example, in the case of an automobile, resistive loads include seat adjustment devices, auxiliary heating devices, window heating devices, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), rear lighting, or other resistive loads. Inductive loads include pumps, actuators, motors, anti-lock braking systems (ABS), electronic braking systems (EBS), fans, or other systems that include inductive loads for one or more wiper systems. Capacitive loads include lighting elements such as xenon arc lamps. In the illustration, load 20 is shown as a single element for illustrative purposes only. Load 20 is typically a more complex load, such as a module or subsystem with numerous components. Processor 40 is connected to intelligent electronic switch 30 for controlling intelligent electronic switch 30. Simultaneously, intelligent electronic switch 30 feeds back its status and relevant parameter information to processor 40, such as diagnostic parameters, current parameters, voltage parameters, etc., for processor 40 to process. Processor 40 includes one or more microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or any other equivalent integrated or discrete logic circuits, and any combination of these components.

[0049] In this embodiment, the intelligent electronic switch 30 includes a power supply terminal VCC, a power ground terminal GND, and a load output terminal OUT. The power supply terminal VCC is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply 10 via a fuse 50, and the power ground terminal GND is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply 10. In this embodiment, a reverse polarity protection diode D4 and a current-limiting resistor R1 are connected in parallel between the power ground terminal GND and the negative terminal of the power supply 10. The load output terminal OUT is connected to one end of the load 20, and the other end of the load 20 is connected to either the negative or positive terminal of the power supply 10. (Refer to...) Figure 1A As shown. Additionally, in other embodiments of this application, the reverse polarity protection diode D4 and / or current-limiting resistor R1 may not be provided between the power supply ground terminal GND and the negative terminal of power supply 10, such as... Figure 1B As shown.

[0050] Optional, refer to Figure 1A and Figure 1BAs shown, the intelligent electronic switch 30 also includes a control circuit 301 and a power switch Q1. The first terminal of the power switch Q1 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC or the power ground terminal GND, its second terminal is connected to the load output terminal OUT, and its gate terminal is connected to the control circuit 301. The control circuit 301 is used to control the power switch Q1 to turn on or off. For example, in... Figure 1A In this configuration, the first terminal of power switch Q1 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC, and the second terminal is connected to the load output terminal OUT. At this time, power switch Q1 is connected as a high-side switch, which connects the power supply terminal VCC to the load OUT. Figure 1B In this configuration, the first terminal of power switch Q1 is connected to the power supply ground terminal GND, and the second terminal is connected to the load output terminal OUT. At this time, power switch Q1 is connected as a low-side switch, which is a switch connected between the power supply ground terminal GND and the load OUT.

[0051] Optionally, in this embodiment, the power switch Q1 can be an N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (NMOS FET), a PMOS transistor, a junction field-effect transistor (JFET), or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), etc. The illustration uses an NMOS transistor as an example. In another possible design of this embodiment, the power switch Q1 can also be implemented as a silicon device, or it can be implemented using other semiconductor materials, such as silicon carbide (SiC), gallium arsenide (GaAs), or gallium nitride (GaN). This application does not limit the form of the power switch Q1.

[0052] For example, such as Figure 1A and Figure 1B As shown, if power switch Q1 is an NMOS transistor, then the first terminal of power switch Q1 is the drain (d) of the NMOS transistor, and the second terminal of power switch Q1 is the source (s) of the NMOS transistor. Optionally, when power switch Q1 is a PMOS transistor, the first terminal of power switch Q1 is the source (s) of the PMOS transistor, and the second terminal of power switch Q1 is the drain (d) of the PMOS transistor.

[0053] Understandable Figure 1A and Figure 1B Only some terminals of the smart electronic switch 30 are shown. In actual applications, the smart electronic switch 30 may include other terminals depending on actual needs. This embodiment does not limit the number of terminals shown.

[0054] Continue to refer to Figure 1A and Figure 1B As shown, the intelligent electronic switch 30 also includes an input terminal INPUT, which is connected to both the processor 40 and the control circuit 301. The processor 40 can send a switch control signal to the input terminal INPUT based on the acquired state of the power switch Q1 and related parameter information, thereby controlling the state of the power switch Q1 via the control circuit 301. For example, when the input terminal INPUT receives an on control signal, the control circuit 301 controls the power switch Q1 to turn on, and the power supply 10 supplies power to the load 20 through the power switch Q1. When the input terminal INPUT receives a off control signal, the control circuit 301 controls the power switch Q1 to turn off, and the power supply 10 stops supplying power to the load 20.

[0055] Optionally, in practical applications, to prevent power switch Q1 from being accidentally turned off, the intelligent electronic switch 30 typically employs an automatic restart protection mode. That is, when the input terminal INPUT continuously receives an on / off control signal and power switch Q1 is in the on / off state, if the control circuit 301 determines that power switch Q1 is overloaded, it will protect power switch Q1. For example, the overload of power switch Q1 can be at least one of overcurrent or overtemperature. Correspondingly, when the overcurrent or overtemperature abnormality of power switch Q1 disappears and the restart conditions are met, power switch Q1 will be turned back on.

[0056] In practical applications, to enable the intelligent electronic switch 30 to accurately control and protect the power switch Q1, the intelligent electronic switch 30 can also count the number of times the power switch Q1 is turned on or off while continuously receiving the on control signal at the input terminal INPUT. Specifically, the intelligent electronic switch 30 also includes an overload counter latch 302, which continues to be discussed in detail below. Figure 1A and Figure 1B As shown, the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch 302 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC. It operates normally based on the energy obtained from the power supply terminal VCC. For example, the overload counter latch 302 is used to count and store the number of times the power switch Q1 is turned off due to overload protection, so that the control circuit 301 can control the power switch Q1 based on the data stored in the overload counter latch 302. For example, refer to... Figure 1A and Figure 1B As shown, when the power switch Q1 experiences overload protection, the control circuit 301 can control the power switch Q1 to turn off based on the received overload protection signal OPr. Correspondingly, the overload counter latch 302 accumulates and stores the number of times the power switch Q1 turns off.

[0057] Understandably, when the voltage of the power supply terminal VCC is normal, the overload counter latch 302 is usually cleared to zero when it receives an external reset signal. However, in practical applications, due to parasitic factors such as inductance in the wires, when the intelligent electronic switch 30 detects an overload in the power switch Q1 and controls the power switch Q1 to turn off, it may cause an undervoltage at the power supply terminal VCC (i.e., the voltage of the power supply terminal VCC is less than the undervoltage threshold). This will result in a lack of power supply to the overload counter latch 302 in the intelligent electronic switch 30, which will lead to the loss of data stored in the overload counter latch 302. Ultimately, after the voltage of the power supply terminal VCC returns to normal, there will be a problem of incorrect control of the power switch Q1. For example, after the voltage of VCC at the power supply terminal returns to normal, the accumulated count in the overload counter latch 302 has been lost. This will cause the control circuit 301 to control the power switch Q1 with the default protection value. This will cause the control circuit 301 to turn off the power switch Q1 during overload protection and turn it on again when the restart condition is met. If the event of undervoltage at the power supply terminal VCC when the power switch Q1 is turned off occurs repeatedly, this will cause the power switch Q1 to be turned on and off frequently, which will reduce the performance of the power switch Q1 and may even damage the power switch Q1 in severe cases.

[0058] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes an intelligent electronic switch for overload protection. This intelligent electronic switch can continuously supply power to the overload counter latch 302 while continuously receiving the turn-on control signal at the input terminal INPUT. Thus, even if the power switch Q1 is turned off during overload protection and the power supply terminal VCC experiences undervoltage, the data in the overload counter latch 302 will not be lost. This provides a basis for the control circuit 301 to accurately control the switching state of the power switch Q1.

[0059] For example, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a circuit module of an intelligent electronic switch provided in the first embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, a power switch Q1 is connected as a high-side switch ( Figure 1A The implementation scheme where power switch Q1 is connected as a low-side switch is similar, as shown in the illustration, and will not be repeated in this embodiment. Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the intelligent electronic switch further includes a first unidirectional conduction circuit 300. The positive terminal of the first unidirectional conduction circuit 300 is connected to the input terminal INPUT, and its negative terminal is connected to the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch 302. The first unidirectional conduction circuit 300 is used to allow the energy of the turn-on control signal to be supplied to the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch 302 when the input terminal INPUT receives the turn-on control signal, thereby ensuring the energy supply of the overload counter latch 302. In this way, even if the power supply terminal VCC is undervoltage, the power supply of the overload counter latch 302 will not be lost, thereby ensuring that the data in the overload counter latch 302 will not be lost.

[0060] In this embodiment, the first unidirectional conduction circuit 300 only allows current to flow from the input terminal INPUT to the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch 302, while preventing current from flowing from the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch 302 to the input terminal INPUT. This prevents the signal from flowing back from the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch 302 to the input terminal INPUT, thereby preventing the control circuit 301 from obtaining an incorrect switching control signal and avoiding interference caused by signal backflow to the control of the power switch. For example, in this embodiment, the first unidirectional conduction circuit 300 can be implemented using a diode, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it can also be implemented by a unidirectional thyristor or field-effect transistor, etc. The diode can be a single diode, Schottky diode, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific implementation structure of the first unidirectional conduction circuit 300, which can be designed according to actual needs.

[0061] It is understandable that when the processor 40 instructs the intelligent electronic switch 30 to turn on, the on-state control signal output to the input terminal INPUT is typically a high-level signal, meaning the on-state control signal possesses a certain amount of energy. Therefore, in this embodiment, referring to... Figure 2 As shown, the overload counter latch 302 can be powered by the voltage at the input terminal INPUT, that is, by the turn-on control signal used to control the power switch Q1 to turn on. At this time, as long as the input terminal INPUT continuously receives the turn-on control signal, the power supply signal of the overload counter latch 302 will not be lost. In this way, even if the power supply terminal VCC experiences a brief undervoltage during the process of the power switch Q1 being turned off by overload protection, the data stored in the overload counter latch 302 will not be lost. Correspondingly, the number of turn-offs stored in the overload counter latch 302 will not be lost. In this way, the control circuit 301 can control the power switch Q1 based on the accurate state information of the power switch Q1, thereby improving the control accuracy.

[0062] Optionally, in one specific implementation of this embodiment, refer to... Figure 2As shown, the overload counter latch 302 includes an overload counter 3021 and a first latch 3022 connected to each other. The power supply terminals of the overload counter latch 302 include the power supply terminals of the overload counter 3021 and the first latch 3022. Therefore, the power supply terminals of the overload counter 3021 and the first latch 3022 are both connected to the negative terminal of the first unidirectional conduction circuit 300.

[0063] In this embodiment, the overload counter 3021 is used to store and accumulate the number of times the power switch Q1 is turned off due to overload protection when its power supply is normal, and outputs a first count arrival signal when the number of turn-offs reaches the first count threshold. The first latch 3022 is used to output a turn-off latch signal Lat-off when its power supply is normal and the first count arrival signal is received, so that the control circuit 301 controls the power switch Q1 to remain in the turn-off state.

[0064] For example, the intelligent electronic switch can actively protect the power switch Q1 when it is overloaded. For instance, by outputting an overload protection signal OPr, the control circuit 301 controls the power switch Q1 to turn off. Correspondingly, the overload counter 3021 can accumulate counts when it receives the overload protection signal OPr, thereby recording and storing the number of times the power switch Q1 is turned off due to overload protection. This continues until the input terminal INPUT receives a turn-off control signal to trigger the overload counter 3021 to reset its count to zero. When the input terminal INPUT receives an turn-on control signal again and the power switch Q1 is turned off due to overload protection again, the overload counter 3021 will be triggered to start counting from zero again.

[0065] In practical applications, if the load 20 experiences a short circuit or is underloaded, the power switch Q1 may frequently overheat or experience overcurrent. This causes the power switch Q1 to be frequently turned on and off, which can lead to performance degradation or damage in severe cases. To address this issue, in this embodiment, the overload counter 3021 can store a preset first threshold number of times. This first threshold number can be set based on the performance of the power switch Q1. For example, the first threshold number can be any value between 3 and 10, such as 3, 4, 5, ..., 10.

[0066] Continue to refer to Figure 2As shown, the overload counter 3021 is connected to a first latch 3022, and the output of the first latch 3022 is also connected to the control circuit 301. In this way, the overload counter 3021 can output a first timing signal when its accumulated number of turn-off cutoffs reaches the first threshold, thereby triggering the first latch 3022 to output a turn-off latch signal Lat-off. This indicates that during the period when the input terminal INPUT continuously receives the turn-on control signal, the power switch Q1 has been overload protected and turned off for the preset first number of times threshold. Thus, it can be inferred that the intelligent electronic switch has indeed experienced a load short circuit or insufficient load. In order to avoid frequent turn-on and turn-off of the power switch Q1, in this embodiment, the first latch 3022 outputs a turn-off latch signal Lat-off. In this way, the control circuit 301 can control the power switch Q1 to remain in the turn-off state during the period of continuously receiving the turn-off latch signal Lat-off until the first latch 3022 stops outputting the turn-off latch signal Lat-off. This scheme effectively reduces the problem of accelerated performance degradation of the power switch Q1.

[0067] Further, continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown, the intelligent electronic switch also includes a protection circuit 303, which is connected to an overload counter 3021 and a control circuit 301. The protection circuit 303 outputs an overload protection signal OPr when the first sampled value Cx of the power switch Q1 is greater than the first protection threshold Ref1. The overload counter 3021 accumulates the count upon receiving the overload protection signal OPr.

[0068] The protection circuit 303 acquires a first sampled value Cx of the power switch Q1 and compares it with a first protection threshold Ref1. When the first sampled value Cx is greater than the first protection threshold Ref1, it outputs an overload protection signal OPr to trigger the control circuit 301 to protect the power switch Q1. Simultaneously, it triggers the overload counter 3021 to accumulate the number of times the power switch Q1 is turned off. For example, the protection circuit 303 can be at least one of a current protection unit, a temperature protection unit, etc. When the power switch Q1 experiences an overload, such as a short circuit, the current flowing through the power switch Q1 increases rapidly, and the temperature of the power switch Q1 also rises rapidly. When the current sampled value ICx of the power switch Q1 increases to exceed the current protection threshold, it triggers current protection for the power switch Q1. Alternatively, when the temperature sampled value TCx of the power switch Q1 rises to exceed the over-temperature protection threshold TRef, it triggers temperature protection for the power switch Q1.

[0069] Understandably, the current protection unit can provide current limiting protection or overcurrent protection for the power switch Q1. When providing current limiting protection for the power switch Q1, the control circuit 301 will not be triggered to control the power switch Q1 to turn off, and the overload counter 3021 will not accumulate the count. However, the maximum current flowing through the power switch Q1 will be limited. Only when providing overcurrent protection for the power switch Q1 will the control circuit 301 be triggered to control the power switch Q1 to turn off, and the overload counter 3021 will accumulate the number of times the power switch Q1 is turned off.

[0070] In this embodiment, the overload counter 3021 is further configured to output a second count arrival signal to the protection circuit 303 when its power supply is normal and the accumulated count of shutdown cutoffs reaches a second count threshold. The second count threshold is less than the first count threshold. Correspondingly, the protection circuit 303 is further configured to switch the first protection threshold Ref1 to the second protection threshold Ref2 upon receiving the second count arrival signal. The second protection threshold Ref2 is less than the first protection threshold Ref1. In this embodiment, the second count arrival signal may be a threshold switching indication signal Sw1.

[0071] Specifically, to reduce the maximum heat generated before the power switch Q1 is turned off, the protection threshold of the protection circuit 303 can be lowered when the number of times the power switch Q1 is turned off reaches the second threshold. For example, the protection circuit 303 can simultaneously connect multiple protection thresholds. At the beginning of operation, the protection circuit 303 protects the power switch Q1 using the highest protection threshold among the multiple protection thresholds. As the number of times the power switch Q1 is turned off and restarted increases, to reduce the risk of performance degradation of the power switch Q1 due to the self-restart mechanism, the protection threshold can be gradually lowered when the number of times the power switch Q1 is turned off reaches a preset threshold, thereby protecting the power switch Q1.

[0072] For example, the protection circuit 303 is simultaneously connected to the first protection threshold Ref1 and the second protection threshold Ref2 for illustration. Each time the power switch Q1 is turned off, the overload counter 3021 is triggered to accumulate counts, that is, the number of times the power switch Q1 is turned off is accumulated until the accumulated count of the overload counter 3021 reaches the second count threshold Ref2. At this time, the overload counter 3021 outputs a second count arrival signal. Correspondingly, when the protection circuit 303 receives the second count arrival signal, it switches the first protection threshold Ref1 to the second protection threshold Ref2. The second protection threshold Ref2 is less than the first protection threshold Ref1. Subsequently, when the power switch Q1 is turned on again, the protection circuit 303 protects the power switch Q1 based on the second protection threshold Ref2. For example, assuming that both the first protection threshold Ref1 and the second protection threshold Ref2 are current protection thresholds, and the first current protection threshold is 80A and the second current protection threshold Ref2 is 20A, then when the protection circuit 303 receives the second count arrival signal, the protection circuit 303 can reduce its current protection threshold from 80A to 20A. This application embodiment does not limit the specific value of the protection threshold; it can be set according to actual needs.

[0073] The second threshold is less than the first threshold. For example, the second threshold can be any value from 1 to the first threshold minus 1, such as 1, 2, 3, ..., the first threshold minus 1. In a specific embodiment, the first threshold is 5 and the second threshold is 1. The specific values ​​of the first and second thresholds can be set according to the actual application scenario, and this embodiment does not limit them.

[0074] In the embodiments of this application, the overload counter 3021 can output a second count arrival signal when the number of turn-off cutoffs reaches the second count threshold, so as to trigger the protection circuit 303 to reduce the protection threshold. This can effectively limit the maximum current or maximum temperature after the power switch Q1 is turned on again, reduce the maximum heat power that the power switch Q1 can reach, improve the withstand capability of the power switch Q1 when repeatedly turned on and off, reduce the risk of performance degradation of the power switch Q1, and improve the reliability of the power switch Q1 under short circuit conditions.

[0075] In practical applications, the protection circuit 303 can protect the power switch Q1 based on either its current or its temperature. Different triggering conditions for protection by the protection circuit 303 will result in different protection schemes for the power switch Q1 by the intelligent electronic switch. Therefore, the following explanation illustrates different protection schemes for the power switch Q1 based on the type of protection circuit 303 and the overload type of the power switch Q1 through different embodiments. It is understood that the following embodiments are based on the above... Figure 1A The principle of the embodiment shown is explained based on the example where the power switch Q1 is an NMOS transistor connected as a high-side switch. The implementation principle is similar for application scenarios such as the power switch Q1 being an NMOS transistor connected as a low-side switch or the power switch Q1 being a PMOS transistor connected as a high-side or low-side switch, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0076] As an example, Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram of another circuit module of the intelligent electronic switch provided in the first embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 3A As shown, in this embodiment, the protection circuit 303 includes a current limiting protection unit 303A and a temperature protection unit 3031. Both the current limiting protection unit 303A and the temperature protection unit 3031 are connected to the control circuit 301 and the overload counter 3021.

[0077] The current limiting protection unit 303A is used to output a current limiting protection signal LCPr when the current sampling value ICx of the power switch Q1 is greater than the first current limiting protection threshold IRef11, so that the control circuit 301 adjusts the current value flowing through the power switch Q1, thereby making the current sampling value ICx less than or equal to the first current limiting protection threshold IRef11. The temperature protection unit 3031 outputs an over-temperature protection signal OTPr when the temperature sampling value TCx of the power switch Q1 is greater than the over-temperature protection threshold TRef, so as to trigger the control circuit 301 to control the power switch Q1 to turn off and the overload counter 3021 to accumulate counts. Correspondingly, the current limiting protection unit 303A is also used to switch the first current limiting protection threshold IRef11 to the second current limiting protection threshold IRef12 when the second count arrival signal is received.

[0078] For example, continue to refer to Figure 3A As shown, the intelligent electronic switch may further include a current sampling unit 304 and a temperature detection unit 305. The current sampling unit 304 is connected to the current limiting protection unit 303A and is used to detect the current flowing through the power switch Q1 and output a current sampling value ICx to the current limiting protection unit 303A. The temperature detection unit 305 is connected to the temperature protection unit 3031 and is used to detect the temperature of the power switch Q1 and output a temperature sampling value TCx to the temperature protection unit 3031.

[0079] Optionally, in this embodiment, the current limiting protection unit 303A is at least used to access the first current limiting protection threshold IRef11, the second current limiting protection threshold IRef12, and the current sampling value ICx. For example, when the current limiting protection unit 303A initially operates, its current limiting protection threshold is the first current limiting protection threshold IRef11. When the power switch Q1 is overloaded, the current flowing through the power switch Q1 will increase rapidly, and the temperature will rise rapidly. When the current sampling value ICx of the power switch Q1 exceeds the first current limiting protection threshold IRef11, the current limiting protection unit 303A will activate and output a current limiting protection signal LCPr, which can trigger the control circuit 301 to limit the maximum current value flowing through the power switch Q1, that is, limit the current sampling value ICx of the power switch Q1 below the first current limiting protection threshold IRef11. However, when the current sampling value ICx of the power switch Q1 is at or near the first current limiting protection threshold IRef11, the current limiting protection unit 303A will activate and output a current limiting protection signal LCPr, which can trigger the control circuit 301 to limit the maximum current value flowing through the power switch Q1, that is, limit the current sampling value ICx of the power switch Q1 below the first current limiting protection threshold IRef11. At Ref11, the temperature of power switch Q1 will still rise rapidly, causing the temperature sampling value TCx of power switch Q1 to exceed the over-temperature protection threshold TRef. In this case, the temperature protection unit 3031 will protect power switch Q1 by outputting an over-temperature protection signal OTPr. To prevent damage to power switch Q1 due to continuous high temperature, the control circuit 301 will control power switch Q1 to turn off upon receiving the over-temperature protection signal OTPr. Correspondingly, the overload counter 3021 will also be triggered to accumulate counts upon receiving the over-temperature protection signal OTPr, indicating that power switch Q1 will be turned off. When the overload counter 3021 reaches the second count threshold, the second count arrival signal it outputs will trigger the current limiting protection unit 303A to lower the current limiting protection threshold to the second current limiting protection threshold IRef12. This reduces the heat generated on power switch Q1 when it is turned on again, thereby reducing the risk of potential performance degradation of power switch Q1.

[0080] As another example Figure 3B This is a schematic diagram of another circuit module of the intelligent electronic switch provided in the first embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 3B As shown, in this embodiment, the protection circuit 303 includes an overcurrent protection unit 303B, which is connected to the control circuit 301 and the overload counter 3021. When the current sampling value ICx of the power switch Q1 is greater than the first overcurrent protection threshold IRef21, the overcurrent protection unit 303B outputs an overcurrent protection signal OCPr, so that the control circuit 301 controls the power switch Q1 to turn off and the overload counter 3021 to accumulate counts. The overcurrent protection unit 303B is also used to switch the first overcurrent protection threshold IRef21 to the second overcurrent protection threshold IRef22 when a second count arrival signal is received.

[0081] Continue to refer to Figure 3B As shown, the intelligent electronic switch may also include a current sampling unit 304. The current sampling unit 304 is connected to the overcurrent protection unit 303B and is used to detect the current value flowing through the power switch Q1 and output the current sampling value ICx to the overcurrent protection unit 303B.

[0082] In this embodiment, the overcurrent protection unit 303B is used to connect at least the first overcurrent protection threshold IRef21, the second overcurrent protection threshold IRef22, and the current sampling value ICx. For example, when the overcurrent protection unit 303B initially operates, its overcurrent protection threshold is the first overcurrent protection threshold IRef21. When the power switch Q1 is overloaded, such as when the load is short-circuited, the current flowing through the power switch Q1 will increase rapidly. When the current sampling value ICx of the power switch Q1 exceeds the first overcurrent protection threshold IRef21, the overcurrent protection unit 303B outputs an overcurrent protection signal OCPr. To avoid continuous high current damage to the power switch Q1, the control circuit 301 controls the power switch Q1 to turn off upon receiving the overcurrent protection signal OCPr. Correspondingly, the overload counter 3021 will also be triggered to count upon receiving the overcurrent protection signal OCPr, indicating that the power switch Q1 will be turned off. When the number of times the power switch Q1 is turned off reaches a certain number, the overcurrent protection threshold of the overcurrent protection unit 303B can be reduced to the second overcurrent protection threshold IRef22. This reduces the maximum current flowing through the power switch Q1 when it is turned on again, thereby reducing the heat generated on the power switch Q1 and reducing the risk of potential performance degradation of the power switch Q1.

[0083] As another example Figure 3C This is a schematic diagram of another circuit module of the intelligent electronic switch provided in the first embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 3C As shown, the protection circuit 303 includes a temperature protection unit 3031, which is connected to the control circuit 301 and the overload counter 3021. When the temperature sampling value TCx of the power switch Q1 is greater than the first temperature protection threshold TRef1, the temperature protection unit 3031 outputs a temperature protection signal OTPr, so that the control circuit 301 controls the power switch Q1 to turn off and the overload counter 3021 to accumulate counts. The temperature protection unit 3031 is also used to switch the first temperature protection threshold TRef1 to the second temperature protection threshold TRef2 when a second count arrival signal is received.

[0084] Continue to refer to Figure 3C As shown, the intelligent electronic switch may also include a temperature detection unit 305. The temperature detection unit 305 is connected to the temperature protection unit 3031 and is used to detect the temperature value of the power switch Q1 and output a temperature sampling value TCx to the temperature protection unit 3031.

[0085] In this embodiment, the temperature protection unit 3031 is used to access at least the first over-temperature protection threshold TRef1, the second over-temperature protection threshold TRef2, and the temperature sampling value TCx. For example, when the temperature protection unit 3031 initially operates, its over-temperature protection threshold is the first over-temperature protection threshold TRef1. When the power switch Q1 is overloaded, the current flowing through the power switch Q1 will increase rapidly, and the temperature of the power switch Q1 will rise rapidly. When the temperature sampling value of the power switch Q1 exceeds the first over-temperature protection threshold TRef1, the temperature protection unit 3031 outputs an over-temperature protection signal OTPr. To avoid damage to the power switch Q1 due to excessive temperature, the control circuit 301 will control the power switch Q1 to turn off upon receiving the over-temperature protection signal OTPr. Correspondingly, the overload counter 3021 will also be triggered to count upon receiving the over-temperature protection signal OTPr, indicating that the power switch Q1 will be turned off. When the number of times the power switch Q1 is turned off reaches a certain number, the over-temperature protection threshold of the temperature protection unit 3031 can be reduced to the second over-temperature protection threshold TRef2, so as to reduce the heat generation on the power switch Q1 when the power switch Q1 is turned on again, thereby reducing the risk of potential performance degradation of the power switch Q1.

[0086] exist Figures 3A to 3C In the illustrated embodiment, since the power supply terminal of the overload counter 3021 is connected to the input terminal INPUT, the overload counter 3021 is powered by the start-up control signal received from the input terminal INPUT. In this way, the power supply terminal VCC of the overload counter 3021 can be guaranteed even when the power switch Q1 is turned off due to overload protection, resulting in undervoltage. This allows the control circuit 301 to control the power switch Q1 based on the information stored in the overload counter 3021, thereby improving the control accuracy.

[0087] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the specific values ​​of various protection thresholds mentioned in the embodiments are not limited. For example, the specific values ​​of the first current limiting protection threshold, the second current limiting protection threshold, the temperature protection threshold, the first overcurrent protection threshold, the second overcurrent protection threshold, the first overtemperature protection threshold, and the second overtemperature protection threshold can all be set based on the implementation requirements.

[0088] Second Embodiment

[0089] Figure 4A and Figure 4B This is a schematic diagram of two circuit modules of the intelligent electronic switch provided in the second embodiment of this application. This embodiment is similar to the first embodiment; therefore, parts not described in this embodiment can be referred to in the first embodiment. Figure 4A and Figure 4BAs shown, the main difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the intelligent electronic switch 30 also includes a drain-source voltage detection circuit 307, and the overload counter latch 302 also includes a second latch 3023. The drain-source voltage detection circuit 307 can output a first threshold selection signal Sel1 based on the drain-source voltage value Vds of the power switch Q1 to trigger the second latch 3023 to continuously output a first threshold latch signal Lat-ref1 when its power supply is normal, so that the protection circuit 303 can determine the accurate protection threshold.

[0090] As an example, refer to Figure 4A As shown, the drain-source voltage (Vds) detection circuit 307 is connected to the input terminal INPUT, the second latch 3023, the control circuit 301, and the drain (d) and source (s) of the power switch Q1, respectively. The second latch 3023 is also connected to the protection circuit 303 and the negative terminal of the first unidirectional conduction circuit 300. In this example, the Vds detection circuit 307 is used to obtain the drain-source voltage value Vds of the power switch Q1 when the input terminal INPUT receives the turn-on control signal, and outputs a first threshold selection signal Sel1 based on the maximum value of the drain-source voltage value Vds. When the control circuit 301 receives the first threshold selection signal Sel1, it controls the power switch Q1 to turn on. When the second latch 3023 receives the first threshold selection signal Sel1, it outputs a first threshold latch signal Lat-ref1. The protection circuit 303 determines the protection threshold for protecting the power switch Q1 based on the received first threshold latch signal Lat-ref1.

[0091] In practical applications, the maximum power of power switch Q1 is equal to the product of the voltage across power switch Q1 and the current flowing through power switch Q1. Therefore, in order to protect power switch Q1 from damage, it is necessary to detect the maximum value of the drain-source voltage of power switch Q1 so as to determine the protection threshold for protecting power switch Q1 based on the threshold range in which the maximum value of the drain-source voltage is located.

[0092] Since the drain-source voltage of power switch Q1 is at its maximum before it is turned on (turned off), in this example, the Vds detection circuit 307 can be set between the input terminal INPUT and the control circuit 301. When the input terminal INPUT receives the turn-on control signal, the Vds detection circuit 307 is first triggered to perform the drain-source voltage Vds detection of power switch Q1 in order to determine the maximum value of the drain-source voltage Vds of power switch Q1. Then, the protection threshold for protecting power switch Q1 is determined and latched by the second latch 3023 before power switch Q1 is turned on.

[0093] As another example, see Figure 4BAs shown, the Vds detection circuit 307 is connected to the input terminal INPUT, the second latch 3023, and the drain d and source s of the power switch Q1, respectively. The second latch 3023 is also connected to the protection circuit 303 and the negative terminal of the first unidirectional conduction circuit 300. The Vds detection circuit 307 is used to obtain the drain-source voltage value Vds of the power switch Q1 when the input terminal INPUT receives the turn-on control signal, and outputs the first threshold selection signal Sel1 based on the maximum value of the drain-source voltage value Vds. The control circuit 301 controls the power switch Q1 to turn on when the input terminal INPUT receives the turn-on control signal. The second latch 3023 outputs the first threshold latch signal Lat-ref1 when it receives the first threshold selection signal Sel1. The protection circuit 303 determines the protection threshold for protecting the power switch Q1 based on the received first threshold latch signal Lat-ref1.

[0094] This example is similar to Figure 4A The only difference in the examples shown is the timing of when the power switch is turned on by the control circuit 301. Figure 4A In the example shown, when the control circuit 301 receives the first threshold selection signal Sel1 output by the Vds detection circuit 307, it controls the power switch Q1 to turn on. Figure 4B In the example shown, the control circuit 301 controls the power switch Q1 to turn on when it receives an on control signal at the input terminal INPUT. Regarding... Figure 4B For other principles not detailed in the text, please refer to... Figure 4A Some of the records are not elaborated here.

[0095] Optionally, the drain-source voltage detection circuit 307 is provided with a drain-source voltage comparison threshold, and the protection circuit 303 is provided with at least a first protection threshold Ref1 and a third protection threshold Ref3, wherein the third protection threshold Ref3 is less than the first protection threshold Ref1 and greater than the second protection threshold Ref2 in the above embodiment. For example, the first protection threshold Ref1 is 80A, the second protection threshold Ref2 is 20A, and the third protection threshold Ref3 is 50A. In this way, the drain-source voltage detection circuit 307 can determine the protection threshold of the protection circuit 303 that can avoid possible damage to the power switch Q1 from the first protection threshold Ref1 and the third protection threshold Ref3 according to the relationship between the drain-source voltage value Vds of the power switch Q1 and the drain-source voltage comparison threshold, so that the second latch 3023 latches it. For example, a drain-source voltage comparison threshold (e.g., 30V, not specifically limited in this embodiment) is set in the drain-source voltage detection circuit 307. If the drain-source voltage value Vds of the power switch Q1 is greater than or equal to the drain-source voltage comparison threshold (30V), the first threshold selection signal Sel1 output by the drain-source voltage detection circuit 307 is used to instruct the protection circuit 303 to select a smaller third protection threshold Ref3 as the protection threshold for protecting the power switch Q1. When the drain-source voltage value Vds of the power switch Q1 is less than the drain-source voltage comparison threshold (30V), the first threshold selection signal Sel1 output by the drain-source voltage detection circuit 307 is used to instruct the protection circuit 303 to select a larger first protection threshold Ref1 as the protection threshold for protecting the power switch Q1.

[0096] Understandably, in the existing scheme, the power supply terminal of the second latch 3023 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC. When the power supply terminal VCC experiences undervoltage (i.e., the voltage of the power supply terminal VCC is less than the undervoltage threshold), causing a power supply loss to the overload counter latch 302 in the intelligent electronic switch 30, the data stored in the second latch 3023 will also be lost. If Vds voltage detection is performed when the voltage of the power supply terminal VCC has just returned to normal, the detected Vds may be small. If a larger first protection threshold is selected, after the power switch Q1 is turned on, there may be a problem that the power switch Q1 may be damaged due to overload because the protection circuit 303 has selected a larger first protection threshold. For example, if a larger first protection threshold is selected, when the current flowing through the power switch Q1 is large and the drain-source voltage value of the power switch Q1 is large, there may be a problem that the heat generation power of the power switch Q1 exceeds the bearing capacity of the power switch Q1, and ultimately lead to the performance degradation or damage of the power switch Q1.

[0097] In this embodiment, to avoid power supply loss of the second latch 3023, the power supply terminal of the second latch 3023 is also connected to the negative terminal of the first unidirectional conduction circuit 300. In this way, during the period when INPUT continuously receives the turn-on control signal, the power supply of the second latch 3023 will not be lost, thereby avoiding the problem of data loss caused by undervoltage of the power supply terminal VCC, and effectively protecting the power switch Q1 from damage by overheating or overcurrent.

[0098] Third Embodiment

[0099] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit module of the intelligent electronic switch provided in the third embodiment of this application. This embodiment is similar to the second embodiment; therefore, parts not described in this embodiment can be referred to in the first and second embodiments. The main difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that, in addition to the Vds detection circuit 307, the intelligent electronic switch also includes a delay circuit 308. In this embodiment, the Vds detection circuit 307 starts working when it receives an on-state control signal at its input terminal INPUT. Correspondingly, the delay circuit 308 starts timing when it receives the on-state control signal at its input terminal INPUT, and outputs a timing arrival signal when the timing duration reaches a preset duration threshold, thereby triggering the control circuit 301 to control the power switch Q1 to turn on. Furthermore, this timing arrival signal can also trigger the Vds detection circuit 307 to stop working.

[0100] Specifically, refer to Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the intelligent electronic switch 30 further includes a Vds detection circuit 307 and a delay circuit 308. The overload counter latch 302 also includes a second latch 3023. The Vds detection circuit 307 is connected to the input terminal INPUT, the second latch 3023, and the drain d and source s of the power switch Q1, respectively. The second latch 3023 is also connected to the protection circuit 303 and the negative terminal of the first unidirectional conduction circuit 300. The delay circuit 308 is connected to the input terminal INPUT and the control circuit 301, respectively.

[0101] Specifically, the Vds detection circuit 307 acquires the drain-source voltage value Vds of the power switch Q1 when it receives the power-on control signal at its input terminal INPUT, and outputs a first threshold selection signal Sel1 based on the drain-source voltage value Vds. The second latch 3023 outputs a first threshold latch signal Lat-ref1 when it receives the first threshold selection signal Sel1. The protection circuit 303 determines the protection threshold for protecting the power switch Q1 based on the received first threshold latch signal Lat-ref1. The delay circuit 308 starts timing when it receives the power-on control signal at its input terminal INPUT, and outputs a timing completion signal when the timing duration reaches a preset duration threshold. The control circuit 301 controls the power switch Q1 to turn on when it receives the timing completion signal.

[0102] Optionally, the delay circuit 308 is also connected to the Vds detection circuit 307, so that the Vds detection circuit 307 stops working when it receives the timing signal, thereby saving power consumption.

[0103] In this embodiment, the preset duration threshold in the delay circuit 308 can be a duration threshold determined during the experiment. Optionally, the preset duration threshold is at the microsecond (µs) level, so that the setting of the delay circuit 308 will not have a significant impact on the normal opening of the power switch Q1. The preset duration threshold can be, for example, a value between 0 and 10 µs, such as 0, 3 µs, 5 µs, 8 µs, and 10 µs. This embodiment does not limit the specific value of the preset duration threshold. Within the duration of the preset duration threshold, the Vds detection circuit 307 can process and determine the first threshold selection signal Sel1. That is, the control circuit 301 controls the power switch to turn on after the preset duration threshold, without affecting the Vds detection circuit 307, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the threshold selection signal. In addition, the Vds detection circuit 307 stops working after the preset duration threshold, which can also reduce the power consumption of the intelligent electronic switch 30 and improve energy utilization.

[0104] Fourth embodiment

[0105] Optionally, in the fourth embodiment of this application, the protection threshold of the protection circuit 303 can also be determined based on the real-time temperature of the power switch Q1. (Continuing to refer to...) Figure 4A , Figure 4B and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the intelligent electronic switch also includes a temperature detection unit 305, and the overload counter latch 302 also includes a third latch 3024. The temperature detection unit 305 is connected to the input terminal INPUT, the third latch 3024, and the protection circuit 303 respectively. The third latch 3024 is also connected to the protection circuit 303 and the negative terminal of the first unidirectional conduction circuit 300.

[0106] Optionally, the temperature detection unit 305 is used to start working when it receives an on control signal at the input terminal to obtain the real-time temperature of the power switch Q1, and output a second threshold selection signal based on the real-time temperature. The third latch outputs a second threshold latch signal when it receives the second threshold selection signal. The protection circuit determines a protection threshold for protecting the power switch based on the received second threshold latch signal.

[0107] In this embodiment, in order to protect the power switch Q1 from damage by high temperature, the absolute temperature of the power switch Q1 and the ambient temperature can be detected in real time during the turn-on cycle of the power switch Q1. For example, the temperature of the power switch Q1 can be detected when the turn-on control signal is received at the input terminal INPUT. If the temperature of the power switch Q1 is too high before or when it is turned on, the protection circuit 303 is directly instructed to protect the power switch Q1 with a smaller protection threshold.

[0108] For example, the temperature detection unit 305 is provided with a temperature comparison threshold, and the protection circuit 303 is provided with at least a first protection threshold Ref1, a second protection threshold Ref2, a third protection threshold Ref3, and a fourth protection threshold Ref4. The four protection thresholds are arranged from largest to smallest as follows: first protection threshold Ref1, third protection threshold Ref3, fourth protection threshold Ref4, and second protection threshold Ref2. For example, the first protection threshold Ref1 is 80A, the second protection threshold Ref2 is 20A, the third protection threshold Ref3 is 50A, and the fourth protection threshold Ref4 is 30A. In this way, the temperature detection unit 305 can determine the protection threshold of the protection circuit 303 that can prevent the power switch Q1 from being damaged by the power switch Q1 from the first protection threshold Ref1 and the fourth protection threshold Ref4 according to the relationship between the real-time temperature of the power switch Q1 and the temperature comparison threshold, so that the third latch 3024 can latch it. For example, a temperature comparison threshold (e.g., 175°C, not specifically limited in this application) is set in the temperature detection unit 305. If the real-time temperature of the power switch Q1 is greater than or equal to the temperature comparison threshold (e.g., 175°C), the second threshold selection signal Sel2 output by the temperature detection unit 305 is used to instruct the protection circuit 303 to select a smaller fourth protection threshold Ref4 as the protection threshold for protecting the power switch Q1. When the real-time temperature of the power switch Q1 is less than the temperature comparison threshold (e.g., 175°C), the second threshold selection signal Sel2 output by the temperature detection unit 305 is used to instruct the protection circuit 303 to select a larger first protection threshold Ref1 as the protection threshold for protecting the power switch Q1.

[0109] Understandably, in the existing scheme, the power supply terminal of the third latch 3024 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC. When the power supply terminal VCC experiences undervoltage (i.e., the voltage of the power supply terminal VCC is less than the undervoltage threshold), resulting in the power supply to the overload counter latch 302 in the intelligent electronic switch 30 is lost, the data stored in the third latch 3024 will also be lost. This may lead to the problem that the heat generated by the power switch Q1 exceeds the power switch Q1's tolerance during the control of the power switch Q1 to turn on, and ultimately cause the performance of the power switch Q1 to degrade or be damaged.

[0110] In this embodiment, to avoid power supply loss of the third latch 3024, the power supply terminal of the third latch 3024 is also connected to the negative terminal of the first unidirectional conduction circuit 300. In this way, during the period when INPUT continuously receives the turn-on control signal, the power supply of the third latch 3024 will not be lost, thereby avoiding the problem of data loss caused by undervoltage of the power supply terminal VCC, and effectively protecting the power switch Q1 from damage by overheating or overcurrent.

[0111] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, if the intelligent electronic switch simultaneously has a protection threshold determined based on the temperature value of the power switch Q1, a protection threshold determined based on the drain-source voltage value of the power switch Q1, and a protection threshold determined based on the number of turn-off cycles, the priorities of the three protection threshold determination methods can be set according to actual needs. For example, the protection threshold determined based on the temperature value of the power switch Q1 has the highest priority, and the protection threshold determined based on the number of turn-off cycles has the lowest priority. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0112] Fifth embodiment

[0113] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit module of the intelligent electronic switch provided in the fifth embodiment of this application. This embodiment is similar to the first embodiment, so the parts not described in this embodiment can be referred to the first embodiment. The main difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in addition to being connected to the input terminal INPUT through the first unidirectional conduction circuit 300, the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch 302 is also connected to the power supply terminal VCC through the power supply branch 306. This solves the problem that the overload counter latch 302 cannot be powered if the opening control signal of the input terminal INPUT is suddenly lost, and further ensures the power supply stability of the overload counter latch 302.

[0114] For example, refer to Figure 6As shown, the intelligent electronic switch also includes a power supply branch 306. One end of the power supply branch 306 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC, and the other end is connected to the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch 302. The power supply branch 306 includes a second unidirectional conduction circuit 3061 and a voltage processing circuit 3062 connected in series. The second unidirectional conduction circuit 3061 allows the voltage of the power supply terminal VCC to flow unidirectionally through the power supply branch 306. The voltage processing circuit 3062 processes the voltage of the power supply terminal VCC when the voltage is normal, so that the power supply branch outputs a power supply signal for the overload counter latch 302.

[0115] In this circuit, the positive terminal of the second unidirectional conduction circuit 3061 is directly or through the voltage processing circuit 3062 connected to the power supply terminal VCC. Correspondingly, its negative terminal is connected through the voltage processing circuit 3062 or directly to the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch 302. When the voltage at the power supply terminal VCC is normal, the second unidirectional conduction circuit 3061 allows the power supply branch 306 to supply power to the overload counter latch 302. However, when the power supply terminal VCC is undervoltage, it prevents the power supply energy from the input terminal INPUT from flowing to the power supply terminal VCC, thereby avoiding the problem of power supply failure for the overload counter latch 302.

[0116] Understandable Figure 6 In this example, the second unidirectional conduction circuit 3061 is used as a diode. In practical applications, the implementation of the second unidirectional conduction circuit 3061 is similar to that of the first unidirectional conduction circuit 300. It can also be a thyristor, field-effect transistor, or other circuits or components capable of unidirectional conduction. This embodiment does not limit its application. Furthermore, the second unidirectional conduction circuit 3061 can be connected between the voltage processing circuit 3062 and the power supply terminal VCC. In this case, since the voltage of the power supply terminal VCC is relatively high, the second unidirectional conduction circuit 3061 needs to meet the high voltage withstand requirement. Alternatively, the second unidirectional conduction circuit 3061 can be connected between the voltage processing circuit 3062 and the overload counter latch 302. In this case, the voltage applied to the second unidirectional conduction circuit 3061 by the power supply terminal VCC has already been stepped down by the voltage processing circuit 3062. Therefore, the second unidirectional conduction circuit 3061 can meet the requirements as a low-voltage circuit, reducing costs.

[0117] The voltage processing circuit 3062 is, for example, a step-down circuit. The voltage at the power supply terminal VCC is typically higher than the rated operating voltage of the overload counter latch 302. For example, the voltage at the power supply terminal VCC is typically greater than 6V, such as 12V, 24V, or 48V, while the rated operating voltage of the overload counter latch 302 is typically not higher than 6V, such as 1.8V, 3.3V, or 6V. Therefore, the voltage processing circuit 306 processes the voltage at the power supply terminal VCC to the rated operating voltage of the overload counter latch 302, represented by VDD in the figure, to ensure the normal operation of the overload counter latch 302. It is understood that the specific values ​​of the voltage at the power supply terminal VCC and the rated operating voltage of the overload counter latch 302 can be determined according to the actual application scenario, and this application embodiment does not limit them. In other embodiments, the unidirectional conduction function of the second unidirectional conduction circuit 3061 can also be integrated into the voltage processing circuit 3062, and this application embodiment does not limit it.

[0118] In practical applications, when the intelligent electronic switch 30 is applied to a device, if the device is subjected to unexpected situations such as vibration or shaking, the signal connection at the input terminal INPUT may become unstable. Therefore, this embodiment also proposes to simultaneously utilize the turn-on control signal received at the input terminal INPUT and the voltage signal at the power supply terminal VCC to power the overload counter latch 302. That is, when the turn-on control signal received at the input terminal INPUT is normal and the voltage at the power supply terminal VCC is normal, the overload counter latch 302 can operate normally based on the energy provided by the input terminal INPUT or the power supply terminal VCC. When the signal at the input terminal INPUT is unstable, the overload counter latch 302 can operate normally based on the energy provided by the power supply terminal VCC. When the voltage at the power supply terminal VCC is unstable, the overload counter latch 302 can operate normally based on the energy provided by the input terminal INPUT.

[0119] In the embodiments of this application, the overload counter latch 302 is powered by both the start control signal received at the input terminal INPUT and the voltage signal at the power supply terminal VCC. Thus, when the power supply at the input terminal INPUT is unstable, the voltage at the power supply terminal VCC can power the overload counter latch 302. Conversely, when the power supply terminal VCC is undervoltage, the energy of the start control signal at the input terminal INPUT can power the overload counter latch 302, ensuring the power supply stability of the overload counter latch 302 and providing the possibility of accurately controlling the power switch Q1 with the control signal.

[0120] Optionally, the intelligent electronic switch may also include one or more functional terminals, such as at least one of the following: a diagnostic enable terminal SEN, a first function selection terminal SEL0, a second function selection terminal SEL1, a diagnostic output terminal CS, and a diagnostic deactivation terminal Fault. The diagnostic enable terminal SEN receives a diagnostic enable signal, which determines whether to enable the diagnostic function of the intelligent electronic switch, i.e., whether to allow the intelligent electronic switch to output a signal through the diagnostic output terminal CS. When the diagnostic enable terminal SEN receives the diagnostic enable signal, the intelligent electronic switch 20 can output a load current signal, temperature signal, power supply voltage signal, or abnormal indication signal through the diagnostic output terminal CS. The specific signal type output by the diagnostic output terminal CS can be determined based on whether the switching circuit 22 of the intelligent electronic switch 20 is shut down due to an abnormality or based on the signals received by the first function selection terminal SEL0 and the second function selection terminal SEL1; this is not limited here.

[0121] Accordingly, in this embodiment, the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch 302 can also be connected to at least one of the above-mentioned functional terminals with input function through a unidirectional conduction circuit, so that the signal energy received by the above-mentioned functional terminals is supplied to the power supply terminal of the overload counter latch 302, for example, any one of the diagnostic enable terminal SEN, the first function selection terminal SEL0, the second function selection terminal SEL1, and the diagnostic release terminal Fault, thereby further ensuring the power supply stability of the overload counter latch 302.

[0122] It is understood that other parts not detailed in the above embodiments can be found in other embodiments of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0123] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, this application also provides an integrated circuit chip, which includes the aforementioned intelligent electronic switch for fault protection, i.e., the intelligent electronic switch is fabricated on a semiconductor substrate. The power supply terminal VCC is the power supply pin, the power ground terminal GND is the power ground pin, the load output terminal OUT is the load output pin, and the input terminal is the input pin.

[0124] Other embodiments of this application also provide a chip product, which includes the aforementioned intelligent electronic switch. The control circuit 301 and the overload counter latch 302 can be located on a first integrated circuit chip, and the power switch Q1 is located on a second integrated circuit chip. That is, the first integrated circuit chip is fabricated on one semiconductor substrate, and the second integrated circuit chip is fabricated on another semiconductor substrate. Additional pins can be added to the first and second integrated circuit chips as needed. Here, the first and second integrated circuit chips are packaged into a single product.

[0125] In other embodiments of this application, an electromechanical device is also provided, which can be an automobile, such as an electric vehicle (e.g., an electric passenger vehicle or an electric commercial vehicle), a hybrid vehicle, or a gasoline-powered vehicle. The electromechanical device can also be a consumer product such as a mobile phone, earphones, or electronic cigarette. The electromechanical device includes a power supply, a load, a processor, and a smart electronic switch. It is understood that the smart electronic switch provided in this embodiment can be applied to multiple fields, such as automotive electronics, industrial automation, aerospace, and consumer electronics. This embodiment does not limit its application.

[0126] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0127] It should be understood that "a plurality of" as used herein refers to two or more. Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0128] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0129] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of this application shall still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An intelligent electronic device for overload protection, characterized in that, The power supply terminal is used for connecting with the positive pole of the power supply, the power ground terminal is used for connecting with the negative pole of the power supply, the load output terminal is used for connecting with the load in series, the power switch, whose first end is connected with the power supply terminal or the power ground terminal, whose second end is connected with the load output terminal, and whose gate end is connected with the control circuit, the control circuit is connected with the input terminal, and the control circuit is used for controlling the power switch to open when the opening control signal is received by the input terminal. The first one-way conducting circuit, whose positive pole is connected with the input terminal, and whose negative pole is connected with the power supply terminal of the overload counting latch, is used for allowing the energy of the opening control signal to be supplied to the power supply terminal of the overload counting latch when the opening control signal is received by the input terminal. The power supply branch, one end of which is connected with the power supply terminal, and the other end of which is connected with the power supply terminal of the overload counting latch, is further included.

2. The intelligent electronic switch of claim 1, wherein, The power supply branch includes the second one-way conducting circuit and the voltage processing circuit connected in series, the second one-way conducting circuit is used for allowing the energy of the power supply terminal to be supplied to the power supply terminal of the overload counting latch, and the voltage processing circuit is used for processing the voltage of the power supply terminal when the voltage of the power supply terminal is normal, so that the power supply branch outputs the power supply signal of the overload counting latch. The overload counting latch includes the overload counter and the first latch connected with each other, and the power supply terminal of the overload counting latch includes the power supply terminal of the overload counter and the power supply terminal of the first latch.

3. The intelligent electronic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The overload counter is used for storing and accumulating the number of times of turning off the power switch when the power supply is normal, and outputs the first counting reaching signal when the number of times reaches the first number threshold, and the first latch is used for outputting the off latching signal when the power supply is normal and the first counting reaching signal is received, so that the control circuit controls the power switch to keep in the off state. The protection circuit is further included, and the protection circuit is connected with the overload counter and the control circuit.

4. The intelligent electronic device of claim 3, wherein, The protection circuit is used for outputting the overload protection signal when the first sampling value of the power switch is greater than the first protection threshold, and the overload counter is used for accumulating the number of times when the overload protection signal is received. The overload counter is further used for outputting the second counting reaching signal to the protection circuit when the number of times accumulated by the power supply being normal reaches the second number threshold, and the second number threshold is less than the first number threshold. The protection circuit is further used for switching the first protection threshold to the second protection threshold when the second counting reaching signal is received, and the second protection threshold is less than the first protection threshold. ​ 5. The intelligent electronic device of claim 4, wherein, The protection circuit comprises a current-limiting protection unit and a temperature protection unit, and the current-limiting protection unit and the temperature protection unit are connected with the control circuit and the overload counter; The current-limiting protection unit is configured to output a current-limiting protection signal when a current sampling value of the power switch is greater than a first current-limiting protection threshold, so as to make the control circuit adjust a current value flowing through the power switch, and then make the current sampling value less than or equal to the first current-limiting protection threshold; and the temperature protection unit is configured to output an over-temperature protection signal when a temperature sampling value of the power switch is greater than an over-temperature protection threshold, so as to trigger the control circuit to control the power switch to be turned off and the overload counter to be accumulated. The current-limiting protection unit is further configured to switch the first current-limiting protection threshold to a second current-limiting protection threshold when the second count arrival signal is received.

6. The intelligent electronic switch according to claim 4, wherein The protection circuit comprises a current-limiting protection unit and a temperature protection unit, and the current-limiting protection unit and the temperature protection unit are connected with the control circuit and the overload counter; The current-limiting protection unit is configured to output a current-limiting protection signal when a current sampling value of the power switch is greater than a first current-limiting protection threshold, so as to make the control circuit adjust a current value flowing through the power switch, and then make the current sampling value less than or equal to the first current-limiting protection threshold; and the temperature protection unit is configured to output an over-temperature protection signal when a temperature sampling value of the power switch is greater than an over-temperature protection threshold, so as to trigger the control circuit to control the power switch to be turned off and the overload counter to be accumulated.

7. The intelligent electronic device of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the processor is further configured to: The first number threshold value ranges from 3 to 10, and the second number threshold value ranges from 1 to the first number threshold value minus 1.

8. The intelligent electronic device of claim 4, wherein, The overload counter further comprises a second latch; The drain-source voltage detection circuit is connected with the input end, the second latch, the control circuit, the drain and the source of the power switch, and the second latch is further connected with the protection circuit and the negative electrode of the first unidirectional conduction circuit; the drain-source voltage detection circuit is configured to obtain a drain-source voltage value of the power switch when the input end receives an opening control signal, and output a first threshold selection signal based on a maximum value of the drain-source voltage value; the control circuit is configured to control the power switch to be turned on when the control circuit receives the first threshold selection signal; the second latch is configured to output a first threshold latch signal when the second latch receives the first threshold selection signal; and the protection circuit is configured to determine a protection threshold for protecting the power switch based on the first threshold latch signal received by the protection circuit. The drain-source voltage detection circuit is connected with the input end, the second latch, the drain and the source of the power switch respectively, and the second latch is further connected with the protection circuit and the negative electrode of the first unidirectional conduction circuit; the drain-source voltage detection circuit is used for obtaining the drain-source voltage value of the power switch when the input end receives the opening control signal, and outputting a first threshold selection signal based on the maximum value of the drain-source voltage value; the control circuit controls the power switch to open and conduct when the input end receives the opening control signal; the second latch outputs a first threshold latching signal when receiving the first threshold selection signal; and the protection circuit determines the protection threshold for protecting the power switch based on the received first threshold latching signal.

9. The intelligent electronic device of claim 4, wherein, The overload counting latch further comprises a second latch, a drain-source voltage detection circuit and a delay circuit; the drain-source voltage detection circuit is connected with the input end, the second latch, the drain and the source of the power switch respectively, and the second latch is further connected with the protection circuit and the negative electrode of the first unidirectional conduction circuit; and the delay circuit is connected with the input end and the control circuit respectively. The drain-source voltage detection circuit is used for obtaining the drain-source voltage value of the power switch when the input end receives the opening control signal, and outputting a first threshold selection signal based on the drain-source voltage value; the second latch outputs a first threshold latching signal when receiving the first threshold selection signal; and the protection circuit determines the protection threshold for protecting the power switch based on the received first threshold latching signal; the delay circuit starts timing when the input end receives the opening control signal, and outputs a first timing arrival signal when the timing duration reaches a first preset duration threshold; and the control circuit controls the power switch to open and conduct when receiving the first timing arrival signal.

10. The intelligent electronic device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that The overload counting latch further comprises a third latch and a temperature detection unit; the temperature detection unit is connected with the input end, the third latch and the protection circuit respectively, and the third latch is further connected with the protection circuit and the negative electrode of the first unidirectional conduction circuit. The temperature detection unit is used for starting to work when the input end receives the opening control signal, to obtain the real-time temperature of the power switch, and output a second threshold selection signal based on the real-time temperature; the third latch outputs a second threshold latching signal when receiving the second threshold selection signal; and the protection circuit determines the protection threshold for protecting the power switch based on the received second threshold latching signal.

11. An integrated circuit chip, characterized by The intelligent electronic switch comprises the intelligent electronic switch according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the power supply end is a power supply pin, the power ground end is a power ground pin, the load output end is a load output pin, and the input end is an input pin.

12. A chip product, characterized by The intelligent electronic switch comprises the control circuit and the overload counting latch on a first integrated circuit chip, and the power switch is located on a second integrated circuit chip.

13. An electromechanical device, characterized by The intelligent electronic switch comprises the control circuit and the overload counting latch on a first integrated circuit chip, and the power switch is located on a second integrated circuit chip. The intelligent electronic switch comprises the control circuit and the overload counting latch on a first integrated circuit chip, and the power switch is located on a second integrated circuit chip.

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