Welding method, compressor and electrical equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of household appliances, and discloses a welding method which comprises the steps that powder spraying melting treatment is carried out on the to-be-welded face of a first welding piece, so that an alloy welding layer is formed on the surface of the first welding piece, and the thickness of the alloy welding layer is larger than or equal to 0.5 mm; the alloy powder subjected to powder spraying melting treatment comprises at least one of low-carbon alloy steel, nickel-cobalt alloy steel and iron-based superalloy; and the alloy welding layer and the to-be-welded face of a second welding piece are oppositely arranged, laser penetration welding treatment is conducted on the alloy welding layer and the to-be-welded face of the second welding piece, and welding connection is formed between the first welding piece and the second welding piece. And forming of high-strength welding connection is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of home appliance technology, specifically to welding methods, compressors, and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Gas metal arc welding (MAG welding) is widely used in mass production of steel structures in industries such as automobile manufacturing, construction machinery, and home appliance manufacturing. MAG welding is an arc welding method that uses active gas as the protective medium and welding wire as the fusion electrode. The core of it is to melt the welding wire and the base material through the heat of the electric arc to form a molten pool and complete the weld connection.

[0003] It should be noted that the above statements are only used to provide background information related to this application and do not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In a first aspect of this application, a welding method is proposed, comprising: performing powder spraying melting treatment on the surface to be welded of a first weldment to form an alloy weld layer on the surface of the first weldment, wherein the thickness of the alloy weld layer is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, and the alloy powder used in the powder spraying melting treatment comprises at least one of low-carbon alloy steel, nickel-cobalt alloy steel, and iron-based superalloy; positioning the alloy weld layer opposite to the surface to be welded of a second weldment, and performing laser penetration welding treatment on the alloy weld layer and the surface to be welded of the second weldment to form a welded connection between the first weldment and the second weldment.

[0005] The welding method of this application utilizes powder spraying and melting, where a high-energy laser beam melts a stream of sprayed metal powder in the air, simultaneously forming a molten pool on the surface of the first weldment. The molten metal powder combines with the molten pool on the surface of the first weldment and can be rapidly cooled to form a metallurgically bonded alloy weld layer. The energy of the laser beam is then used to cause the alloy weld layer to melt against the side of the second weldment facing the surface to be welded, forming a welded structure. Therefore, the method of this application can form a highly consistent and stable welded structure between first and second weldments of the same or different materials, exhibiting high welding strength and superior welding quality.

[0006] In some embodiments, the welding method satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the powder spraying melting treatment uses a first laser beam with a power of 9kW to 12kW; the powder feeding rate of the powder spraying melting treatment is 10g / min to 50g / min; the Dv50 particle size of the alloy powder in the powder spraying melting treatment is 20μm to 40μm; and the thickness of the alloy weld layer is 0.5mm to 2mm. This improves welding efficiency and welding quality.

[0007] In some embodiments, the welding method satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the laser penetration welding process uses a second laser beam with a power of 2kW to 3kW; the welding speed of the laser penetration welding process is 15mm / s to 25mm / s. This facilitates efficient welding of the second weldment to the alloy weld layer and reduces the occurrence of welding defects such as incomplete penetration.

[0008] In some embodiments, the welding method satisfies at least one of the following conditions: there are more than or equal to three welding points between the first weldment and the second weldment; the laser penetration depth at the welding points is 0.6 mm to 1 mm. This helps to reduce damage caused by local stress exceeding the material's crack resistance limit and improves welding strength.

[0009] In some embodiments, the welding method satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the powder feeding method for the powder spraying fusion treatment includes at least one of coaxial powder feeding, off-axis powder feeding, and center powder feeding; the low-carbon alloy steel comprises ≤0.15 wt.% carbon, ≤0.5 wt.% manganese, ≤0.035 wt.% phosphorus, ≤0.03 wt.% sulfur, ≤0.03 wt.% titanium, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities; the nickel-cobalt alloy steel comprises ≤0.25 wt.% carbon and 35 wt.%~37 wt.% nickel. The iron-based superalloy comprises 10 wt.% to 12 wt.% cobalt, 1.1 wt.% to 1.7 wt.% molybdenum, 0.3 wt.% to 1.5 wt.% titanium, 0.1 wt.% to 0.5 wt.% aluminum, with the remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities; the iron-based superalloy comprises ≤0.08 wt.% carbon, 6 wt.% to 26 wt.% nickel, 16 wt.% to 26 wt.% cobalt, ≤7 wt.% molybdenum, ≤0.25 wt.% nitrogen, 0.5 wt.% to 2 wt.% copper, with the remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first weldment is nested within the second weldment, and the axial length of the weld point of the laser-penetrating welding process is 0.9 to 1.3 times the axial length of the first weldment; and / or, the circumferential length of the weld point of the laser-penetrating welding process is 0.05 to 0.07 times the outer perimeter of the second weldment. This facilitates the formation of a robust alloy weld layer, ensuring a secure nesting between the first and second weldments.

[0011] In some embodiments, during the laser penetration welding process, the distance between the alloy weld layer and the surface to be welded of the second weldment is 0.175mm to 0.215mm. This improves the convenience and stability of the welding operation.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first welded component includes at least one of a flange, a bearing, and a cylinder; and / or, the second welded component includes at least one of a pipe, a sealing shell, and a cylinder. Therefore, the welding method of this application can perform efficient and high-quality welding of combinations of welded components of various shapes and structures.

[0013] In a second aspect, this application proposes a compressor in which the main bearing and / or cylinder assembly of the compressor are welded to the housing using the welding method proposed in this application. Thus, the compressor possesses all the features and advantages of the aforementioned welding method, which will not be repeated here.

[0014] In a third aspect, this application proposes an electrical device including the compressor proposed in this application. Therefore, this electrical device possesses all the features and advantages of the aforementioned compressor, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the alloy weld layer configuration in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the alloy weld layer configuration in one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the alloy weld layer configuration in one embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the weld morphology and distribution at the welding points in one embodiment of the welding method of this application.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: Alloy weld layer 1; main bearing 2; outer casing 3. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below, with examples of these embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, unnecessary detailed descriptions may be omitted. For example, detailed descriptions of well-known matters and repetitive descriptions of practically identical structures may be omitted. This is to avoid unnecessarily lengthy descriptions and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings and the following description are provided to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand this application and are not intended to limit the subject matter of the claims.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application; unless otherwise stated, the values ​​of the parameters mentioned in this application can be measured using various measurement methods commonly used in the art (e.g., they can be tested according to the methods given in the embodiments of this application).

[0019] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification and claims of this application are open-ended expressions, meaning they include what is specified in this application but do not exclude other aspects.

[0020] In the description of this application, all figures disclosed herein, whether or not the words "approximately" or "about" are used, are approximate values. Each figure may vary by less than 10% or by a difference that is considered reasonable by one of the art, such as 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, or 5%.

[0021] The "range" disclosed in this application is defined by a lower limit and an upper limit. A given range is defined by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit, which define the boundaries of a particular range. Ranges defined in this way can include or exclude endpoints and can be arbitrarily combined; that is, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. For example, if ranges of 60~120 and 80~110 are listed for a specific parameter, it is also expected that ranges of 60~110 and 80~120 are also included. Furthermore, if minimum range values ​​of 1 and 2 are listed, and if maximum range values ​​of 3, 4, and 5 are listed, then the following ranges are all expected: 1~3, 1~4, 1~5, 2~3, 2~4, and 2~5. In this application, unless otherwise stated, the numerical range "a~b" represents a shortened representation of any combination of real numbers between a and b, where a and b are real numbers. For example, the numerical range "0~5" indicates that all real numbers between "0~5" have been listed in this article; "0~5" is simply a shortened representation of these numerical combinations. Furthermore, when a parameter is stated as an integer ≥2, it is equivalent to disclosing that the parameter is, for example, an integer such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, etc.

[0022] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0023] Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application may be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0024] In related technologies, in compressor assembly technology in the home appliance manufacturing industry, the pump body and main housing are connected by Metal Active Gas Welding (MAG welding). However, common processing techniques require multiple welding points, such as three-point welding or six-point welding. During the MAG welding process, a large amount of heat is generated, causing thermal deformation of the pump body and resulting in damage to the product structure.

[0025] Compared to the high heat release during MAG welding, laser welding offers the advantage of low-heat welding, making it a viable alternative to MAG welding and reducing the problems caused by high heat release. However, when using laser welding on iron-carbon alloys such as gray cast iron and carbon steel commonly used in household appliances, the weld pool exhibits poor consistency, and the weld joints may be discontinuous or inconsistent, affecting the reliability of the welded connection.

[0026] In a first aspect of this application, a welding method is proposed, comprising: performing powder spraying melting treatment on the surface to be welded of a first weldment to form an alloy weld layer on the surface of the first weldment, wherein the thickness of the alloy weld layer is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, and the alloy powder used in the powder spraying melting treatment comprises at least one of low-carbon alloy steel, nickel-cobalt alloy steel, and iron-based superalloy; positioning the alloy weld layer opposite to the surface to be welded of a second weldment, and performing laser penetration welding treatment on the alloy weld layer and the surface to be welded of the second weldment to form a welded connection between the first weldment and the second weldment.

[0027] The welding method of this application utilizes powder spraying melting, where a high-energy laser beam melts a stream of sprayed metal powder in the air, simultaneously forming a molten pool on the surface of the first weldment. The molten metal powder combines with the molten pool on the surface of the first weldment and cools rapidly to form a metallurgically bonded alloy weld layer. The formation of this alloy weld layer ensures better consistency in the weld pool formed during subsequent welding of the second weldment. The thickness of the alloy weld layer, within the aforementioned range, is beneficial for improving the reliability of the welded connection and reducing quality defects at the welded joint. The thickness of the alloy weld layer should be set appropriately for size-sensitive applications, facilitating the positional combination of the first and second weldments, such as nested first and second weldments. After setting the relative positions of the alloy weld layer on the first weldment and the surfaces to be welded on the second weldment, laser penetration welding is performed on the alloy weld layer and the surfaces to be welded on the second weldment. The energy of the laser beam causes the side of the alloy weld layer facing the second weldment to melt with the surface to be welded on the second weldment, forming a welded structure. Therefore, the method of this application can form a highly consistent and stable welded structure between the first and second welded parts of the same or different materials, with higher welding strength and better welding quality.

[0028] In some embodiments, the powder spraying melting process employs a first laser beam with a power of 9KW~12KW. This provides sufficient energy to rapidly melt the alloy powder and form a molten pool on the surface of the first weldment, thereby promoting alloying bonding between the molten alloy powder and the molten pool on the surface of the first weldment.

[0029] As an example, the power of the first laser beam is 9kW, 10kW, 11kW or 12kW.

[0030] In some embodiments, the powder feeding rate for the powder spraying and melting process is 10 g / min to 50 g / min. A powder feeding rate within this range is beneficial for the first laser beam to fully melt the alloy powder, improving the processing utilization rate of the alloy powder, and also reducing problems such as poor consistency and decreased adhesion in the alloy weld layer. Therefore, it is beneficial for improving welding efficiency and welding quality.

[0031] As an example, the powder feeding rate of the powder spraying and melting process is 10 g / min, 15 g / min, 20 g / min, 25 g / min, 30 g / min, 35 g / min, 40 g / min, 45 g / min or 50 g / min.

[0032] In some embodiments, the Dv50 particle size of the alloy powder undergoing powder spraying and melting treatment is 20 μm to 40 μm. This facilitates rapid melting of the alloy powder during powder spraying and melting treatment, and the formation of an alloy weld layer on the surface of the first weldment.

[0033] As an example, the Dv50 particle size of the alloy powder subjected to the powder spraying and melting treatment is 20μm, 25μm, 30μm, 35μm or 40μm.

[0034] In some embodiments, the thickness of the alloy weld layer is 0.5 mm to 2 mm.

[0035] As an example, the thickness of the alloy weld layer is 0.5mm, 0.7mm, 1mm, 1.3mm, 1.5mm, 1.7mm or 2mm.

[0036] In some embodiments, the laser penetration welding process employs a second laser beam with a power of 2kW to 3kW. This allows the laser beam irradiation to form a molten pool on the surface of the second weldment to be welded, with a moderate cooling rate. This facilitates efficient welding of the second weldment to the alloy weld layer and reduces welding defects such as incomplete penetration.

[0037] As an example, the power of the second laser beam is 2kW, 2.3kW, 2.5kW, 2.8kW or 3kW.

[0038] In some embodiments, the welding speed of the laser penetration welding process is 15 mm / s to 25 mm / s. This facilitates the cooling of the weld point at an appropriate rate and effectively releases the welding stress on the weld surface, thereby reducing welding defects and improving welding efficiency.

[0039] In some embodiments, there are three or more welding points between the first weldment and the second weldment. This allows for a more rational distribution and spacing of the welding points, dispersing welding stress (such as tensile stress and shrinkage stress) and achieving stress uniformity. This helps reduce damage caused by excessive local stress exceeding the material's crack resistance limit, thereby improving welding strength.

[0040] In some embodiments, the penetration depth of the laser at the welding point is 0.6 mm to 1 mm. This is beneficial for improving the welding strength and quality of the welding point.

[0041] In some embodiments, the powder feeding method for the powder spraying and melting process includes at least one of coaxial powder feeding, off-axis powder feeding, and center powder feeding. This allows for adaptation to the powder feeding requirements of different welding positions, improves the utilization rate of alloy powder, and forms a more uniform alloy weld layer.

[0042] In some embodiments, the low-carbon alloy steel comprises ≤0.15 wt.% carbon, ≤0.5 wt.% manganese, ≤0.035 wt.% phosphorus, ≤0.03 wt.% sulfur, ≤0.03 wt.% titanium, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities. Thus, the alloy weld layer can possess high weld strength and superior overall alloy properties.

[0043] In some embodiments, the nickel-cobalt alloy steel comprises ≤0.25 wt.% carbon, 35 wt.% to 37 wt.% nickel, 10 wt.% to 12 wt.% cobalt, 1.1 wt.% to 1.7 wt.% molybdenum, 0.3 wt.% to 1.5 wt.% titanium, 0.1 wt.% to 0.5 wt.% aluminum, with the remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities. Therefore, the aforementioned nickel-cobalt alloy steel, as an alloy weld layer, exhibits high strength and superior fatigue resistance.

[0044] In some embodiments, the iron-based superalloy comprises ≤0.08 wt.% carbon, 6 wt.% to 26 wt.% nickel, 16 wt.% to 26 wt.% cobalt, ≤7 wt.% molybdenum, ≤0.25 wt.% nitrogen, 0.5 wt.% to 2 wt.% copper, with the remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities. Therefore, the aforementioned iron-based superalloy, as an alloy weld layer, possesses high strength and superior mechanical properties.

[0045] In some embodiments, the first welded component is nested within the second welded component, and the axial length of the weld point treated by laser penetration welding is 0.9 to 1.3 times the axial length of the first welded component; and / or, the circumferential length of the weld point treated by laser penetration welding is 0.05 to 0.07 times the outer perimeter of the second welded component. (Reference) Figure 4 The extension direction of the weld point in laser penetration welding is not limited to the axial and circumferential directions; it can also be at a certain angle (45°, 60°, etc.) to the axis. The length (L1) of the weld point is within the aforementioned range, and each weld point has an appropriate welding surface, reducing deformation caused by welding. This helps improve the efficiency and quality of a single weld.

[0046] In some embodiments, during the laser penetration welding process, the distance between the alloy weld layer and the surface to be welded of the second weldment is 0.175mm to 0.215mm. Within this range, the welding quality of the laser penetration welding process can be better controlled; for welded parts that are assembled together, this distance range also helps control the installability of the welded parts. Therefore, it improves the convenience and stability of the welding operation.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first welded component includes at least one of a flange, a bearing, and a cylinder, and / or the second welded component includes at least one of a pipe, a sealing shell, and a cylinder. Therefore, the welding method of this application can perform efficient and high-quality welding of combinations of welded components with various shapes and structures.

[0048] In a second aspect, this application proposes a compressor in which the main bearing and housing of the compressor are welded together using the welding method proposed in this application. (Reference) Figure 3 An alloy weld layer 1 is prepared by powder spraying and melting on the main bearing flange skirt. This alloy weld layer 1 is firmly and reliably attached to the outer wall of the main bearing 2 flange skirt, improving the welding reliability of the main bearing 2. Laser penetration welding is then used to weld the alloy weld layer 1 on the main bearing 2 flange skirt to the main housing 3 area, allowing the compressor's main bearing 2 to be installed inside the housing 3. The main bearing 2 flange skirt is then fixedly connected to the housing 3 through the welding process. Therefore, this compressor possesses all the features and advantages of the aforementioned welding method, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0049] In some embodiments, the compressor cylinder assembly is welded to the housing. The upper bearing connected to the housing may also be the cylinder assembly. (See reference) Figure 1 or Figure 2 An alloy weld layer 1 is provided on the outer wall of the cylinder or irregular cylinder, which can be applied to regular or irregular cylinder shapes, and the outer shell of the cylinder and compressor are welded together.

[0050] In a third aspect, this application proposes an electrical device including the compressor described in this application. The aforementioned electrical device includes an air conditioner. Therefore, this electrical device possesses all the features and advantages of the aforementioned compressor, which will not be repeated here.

[0051] The following specific embodiments illustrate the solution of this application. It should be noted that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting the scope of this application. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product instructions. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0052] Example 1 The flange skirt protruding outward from the outer ring of the compressor's main bearing is subjected to powder spraying and melting treatment. Coaxial powder feeding is used with a powder feeding speed of 30g / min. The alloy powder is made of low-carbon alloy steel with a particle size of 30μm. The power of the first beam is 9kW and the thickness of the alloy weld layer is 1mm. The alloy weld layer of the flange skirt on the main bearing is laser-penetrating welded to the housing. The power of the second beam is 2kW and the welding speed is 20mm / s. The length of the laser-penetrating weld point is 18mm±2mm and the number of weld points is 3.

[0053] Example 2 Example 2 is the same as Example 1, except that the alloy powder used is nickel-cobalt alloy steel with a particle size of 20 μm.

[0054] Example 3 Example 3 is the same as Example 1, except that the alloy powder used is an iron-based superalloy with a particle size of 40 μm.

[0055] Example 4 Example 4 is the same as Example 2, except that the thickness of the alloy weld layer is 2 mm.

[0056] Example 5 Example 5 is the same as Example 2, except that the thickness of the alloy weld layer is 0.5 mm.

[0057] Example 6 Example 6 is the same as Example 2, except that the power of the first beam is 12kW.

[0058] Example 7 Example 7 is the same as Example 2, except that the power of the second beam is 3kW.

[0059] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 is the same as Example 1, except that the thickness of the alloy weld layer is 0.2 mm.

[0060] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 is the same as Example 1, except that no powder spraying and melting process was performed.

[0061] Test method: 1. Melt depth test 1) Use a metallographic cutting machine to cut the weld seam to a length, width, and height of less than 4mm; 2) Sand the sample block until the end face is smooth. 3) Polishing to make the surface smooth; 4) Preparing a 3-5% nitric acid alcohol solution to corrode the weld seam; 5) Place the sample under a microscope and measure the melting depth.

[0062] 2. Weld holding force test The test sample is placed on the press, the pump body is held in place by a tooling, and the main housing is pressed down by the pressure head. Pressure is gradually applied until the main housing is displaced. The maximum pressure value during this process is recorded, which is the holding force data of the sample.

[0063] Test results: See Table 1.

[0064] Table 1

[0065] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0066] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. "First feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the indicated feature.

[0067] In the description of this application, "A and / or B" can include any of the cases of A alone, B alone, or A and B, where A and B are merely examples and can be any technical feature connected by "and / or" in this application.

[0068] In this application, the order in which the steps are written does not imply a strict execution order and does not limit the implementation process. The specific execution order of each step should be determined by its function and possible internal logic. Unless otherwise specified, all steps in this application can be performed sequentially or randomly, preferably sequentially. For example, if the method includes steps (a) and (b), it means that the method may include steps (a) and (b) performed sequentially, or it may include steps (b) and (a) performed sequentially. For example, if the method may also include step (c), it means that step (c) can be added to the method in any order. For example, the method may include steps (a), (b), and (c), or it may include steps (a), (c), and (b), or it may include steps (c), (a), and (b), etc.

[0069] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of this application, are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A welding method, characterized in that, include: The surface to be welded of the first weldment is subjected to powder spraying and melting treatment to form an alloy weld layer on the surface of the first weldment, wherein the thickness of the alloy weld layer is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, and the alloy powder material of the powder spraying and melting treatment includes at least one of low carbon alloy steel, nickel-cobalt alloy steel, and iron-based superalloy. The alloy weld layer is positioned opposite to the surface to be welded of the second weldment, and laser penetration welding is performed on the alloy weld layer and the surface to be welded of the second weldment to form a welded connection between the first weldment and the second weldment.

2. The welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the following conditions must be met: The powder spraying and melting process uses a first laser beam with a power of 9kW~12kW. The powder feeding rate for the powder spraying and melting process is 10g / min to 50g / min; The Dv50 particle size of the alloy powder subjected to spray melting treatment is 20μm~40μm; The thickness of the alloy weld layer is 0.5mm to 2mm.

3. The welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the following conditions must be met: The laser penetration welding process uses a second laser beam with a power of 2kW~3kW; The welding speed of the laser penetration welding process is 15mm / s to 25mm / s.

4. The welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, At least one of the following conditions must be met: There are three or more welding points between the first welded component and the second welded component; The penetration depth of the laser at the welding point is 0.6mm to 1mm.

5. The welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, At least one of the following conditions must be met: The powder feeding method for the powder spraying and melting process includes at least one of coaxial powder feeding, off-axis powder feeding, and center powder feeding. The low-carbon alloy steel comprises ≤0.15 wt.% carbon, ≤0.5 wt.% manganese, ≤0.035 wt.% phosphorus, ≤0.03 wt.% sulfur, and ≤0.03 wt.% titanium. The nickel-cobalt alloy steel comprises ≤0.25 wt.% carbon, 35 wt.% to 37 wt.% nickel, 10 wt.% to 12 wt.% cobalt, 1.1 wt.% to 1.7 wt.% molybdenum, 0.3 wt.% to 1.5 wt.% titanium, and 0.1 wt.% to 0.5 wt.% aluminum; The iron-based superalloy comprises ≤0.08 wt.% carbon, 6 wt.% to 26 wt.% nickel, 16 wt.% to 26 wt.% cobalt, ≤7 wt.% molybdenum, ≤0.25 wt.% nitrogen, and 0.5 wt.% to 2 wt.% copper.

6. The welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first welded component is nested within the second welded component, and the axial length of the weld point of the laser-penetrating welding process is 0.9 to 1.3 times the axial length of the first welded component; and / or, the circumferential length of the weld point of the laser-penetrating welding process is 0.05 to 0.07 times the outer perimeter of the second welded component.

7. The welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, During the laser penetration welding process, the distance between the alloy weld layer and the surface to be welded of the second weldment is 0.175mm~0.215mm.

8. The welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first welded component includes at least one of a flange, a bearing, and a cylinder; and / or, The second welded component includes at least one of a pipe component, a sealing shell component, and a cylinder.

9. A compressor, characterized in that, The main bearing and / or cylinder assembly of the compressor are welded to the housing using the welding method described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the compressor as described in claim 9.

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