New energy automobile chassis battery arrangement structure

Abstract

The invention belongs to a new energy automobile chassis battery arrangement structure in the technical field of new energy automobiles. A plurality of cavities (2) are arranged on the chassis body (1), a battery module (3) is arranged in each cavity (2), a cooling channel (4) is arranged in the chassis body (1), the cooling channel (4) is filled with liquid metal, a cover plate (10) is arranged at the opening position of each cavity (2), and a solid phase change material block (7) is arranged at the position, attached to the inner surface of the cover plate (10), of the inner wall of each cavity (2). A channel inlet (5) of the cooling channel (4) is communicated with a cooling inlet of the radiator, a cooling outlet of the radiator is communicated with a cooling inlet of the channel outlet (6), and a pumping pump (9) is arranged on the cooling channel (4). The new energy automobile chassis battery arrangement structure can effectively solve the problems of low structure efficiency, passive thermal management, poor maintainability and thermal runaway diffusion on the premise of meeting battery module arrangement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of new energy vehicle technology, and more specifically, relates to a battery arrangement structure for a new energy vehicle chassis. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of new energy vehicle technology, the chassis is used to house batteries. However, the existing technologies have the following technical problems: (1) low structural efficiency: the traditional battery pack shell is superimposed on the chassis, resulting in redundant weight; (2) passive thermal management: the cooling pipes are physically isolated from the cells, resulting in a long heat conduction path; (3) poor maintainability: the battery is solidified and bonded to the chassis, and a single cell failure requires complete disassembly; (4) thermal runaway propagation: there is a lack of physical isolation and active flame retardant design between modules.

[0003] Existing technology includes a designation titled "A New Energy Vehicle Chassis," with publication number CN112060937A. This technology describes a new energy vehicle chassis with equidistant mounting slots at its top. A battery pack monitoring and protection mechanism is movably engaged within these slots. A heat dissipation and energy utilization mechanism is fixedly connected to one side of the chassis's top. A cable management mechanism is embedded in the middle of the chassis's bottom. A shock-absorbing mechanism is fixedly connected to the chassis's bottom. A battery box is embedded within the mounting slots. This invention incorporates a battery pack monitoring and protection mechanism, using the battery box to separate and prevent interference between battery packs. This ensures that even if some battery packs fail, others can still power the vehicle, guaranteeing its operation. Furthermore, when the battery pack expands due to overheating, forming bulges, a push pin engages with a support plate, causing a fixing rod to rise. This technology does not address the technical issues or solutions addressed in this application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a new energy vehicle chassis battery arrangement structure that can effectively solve the problems of low structural efficiency, passive thermal management, poor maintainability, and thermal runaway propagation, while meeting the requirements of battery module arrangement.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] This invention relates to a battery arrangement structure for a new energy vehicle chassis. The chassis body has multiple cavities, each housing a battery module. The chassis body has cooling channels filled with liquid metal. Covers are provided at the openings of the cavities, and solid phase change material blocks are placed on the inner walls of the cavities, adhering to the inner surface of the cover plates.

[0007] The cooling channel has an inlet connected to the cooling inlet of the radiator and an outlet connected to the cooling inlet of the channel outlet. A pump is installed on the cooling channel.

[0008] The cavity on the chassis body is a polygonal cavity.

[0009] Each cavity has a cooling ring groove around its outer ring, and different cooling ring grooves are connected to cooling channels.

[0010] The chassis body is a structure made of titanium alloy.

[0011] The liquid metal is a gallium-based alloy or a gallium-indium-tin alloy.

[0012] A temperature sensor is installed inside the cavity, and the solid phase change material block is configured to expand and seal the cavity when the temperature is >80℃.

[0013] An inlet valve is installed at the inlet of the cooling channel, and an outlet valve is installed at the outlet of the channel.

[0014] The chassis body is a 3D printed structure.

[0015] The upper surface of the chassis body is provided with multiple cavities at intervals. The cavities are polygonal in structure, and the multiple cavities form a honeycomb-shaped battery module arrangement area.

[0016] The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical solution adopted in this invention are as follows:

[0017] The battery arrangement structure for a new energy vehicle chassis described in this invention addresses the problem of low structural efficiency by incorporating multiple recessed cavities on the chassis body. Each cavity houses a battery module, and these cavities allow for the arrangement of multiple battery modules, which are then connected via wiring to form the battery pack required for the new energy vehicle. The cavities utilize the chassis body's structure to arrange the battery modules without requiring additional space, thus reducing the chassis's weight without compromising its strength. The cavities effectively accommodate the battery modules, resolving the redundant weight issue caused by the overlapping of the battery pack casing and chassis in traditional structures. Addressing the passive thermal management issue, cooling channels filled with liquid metal are incorporated within the chassis body. These channels are pumped and flow within the cooling channels, which are physically isolated from the battery modules. Furthermore, the location of the cooling channels on the chassis body shortens the heat conduction path. To address the issue of poor maintainability, the battery module is placed inside the cavity and sealed by a cover plate, ensuring reliable sealing. The battery module can be easily inserted and removed without requiring a hardened bond between it and the chassis. Disassembly of the entire battery module is extremely convenient when a single cell (cell) needs to be disassembled due to a malfunction. Lifting rings can be installed on the battery module for easy insertion or removal from the cavity. Regarding the issue of thermal runaway propagation, a solid phase change material block is placed on the inner wall of each cavity, adhering to the inner surface of the cover plate. This solid phase change material block is located at the cavity opening. In the event of thermal runaway in a new energy vehicle, the solid phase change material block expands, sealing the cavity and isolating oxygen. This prevents oxygen from entering the cavity and causing the battery module to burn more extensively, achieving physical isolation and flame retardancy. This gives the battery structure an active flame-retardant design. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The following is a brief explanation of the contents depicted in the accompanying drawings and the markings therein:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery arrangement structure of the new energy vehicle chassis according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the horizontal section of the battery arrangement structure of the new energy vehicle chassis according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the cavity portion of the battery arrangement structure in the new energy vehicle chassis according to the present invention.

[0022] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1. Chassis body; 2. Cavity; 3. Battery module; 4. Cooling channel; 5. Channel inlet; 6. Channel outlet; 7. Solid phase change material block; 8. Fixing screw; 9. Pump; 10. Cover plate; 11. Cooling ring groove. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, provides a more detailed explanation of the specific embodiments of the present invention, including the shape and structure of each component, the relative positions and connections between the parts, the functions and working principles of each part:

[0024] As attached Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 3As shown, this invention relates to a battery arrangement structure for a new energy vehicle chassis. The chassis body 1 has multiple cavities 2, each housing a battery module 3. Cooling channels 4, filled with liquid metal, are located inside the chassis body 1. Covers 10 are placed at the openings of the cavities 2, and solid phase change material blocks 7 are placed on the inner surfaces of the cover 10 along the inner walls of the cavities 2. This structure addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing an improved technical solution. To address the problem of low structural efficiency, multiple recessed cavities 2 are provided on the chassis body 1, each housing a battery module 3. These multiple cavities 2 allow for the arrangement of multiple battery modules 3, which are connected by wiring to form the battery pack required for new energy vehicles. The cavities 2 utilize the structure of the chassis body 1 to arrange the battery modules 3 without occupying additional space. This reduces the weight of the chassis body 1 without affecting its strength performance. The cavities 2 are specifically designed to house the battery modules 3, solving the problem of redundant weight caused by the overlapping of the battery pack casing and chassis in traditional structures. To address the issue of passive thermal management, a cooling channel 4 is installed inside the chassis body 1. The cooling channel 4 is filled with liquid metal, which flows within it via pumping. The cooling channel 4 is physically isolated from the battery module 3, and its location on the chassis body 1 shortens the heat conduction path. To address the issue of poor maintainability, the battery module 3 is placed inside the cavity 2 and sealed by a cover plate 10, ensuring reliable sealing. The battery module 3 can be easily inserted and removed without requiring a hardened bond between it and the chassis body 1. This greatly facilitates the complete disassembly of individual battery cells (battery module 2) due to malfunctions. Lifting rings can be installed on the battery module 3 for easy insertion or removal from the cavity 2. To address the issue of thermal runaway propagation, a solid phase change material (SPC) block 7 is positioned on the inner wall of each cavity 2, adhering to the inner surface of the cover plate 10. Specifically, the SPC block 7 is located at the opening of the cavity 2. When the new energy vehicle is not experiencing thermal runaway, the overall shape of the SPC block 7 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity opening, reducing its volume, material usage, and cost savings. When thermal runaway occurs, the SPC block 7 expands, sealing the cavity 2 and isolating oxygen. This prevents oxygen from entering the cavity 2 and causing the battery module combustion to escalate, achieving physical isolation and flame retardancy. This design incorporates active flame retardant technology. The new energy vehicle chassis battery arrangement structure described in this invention effectively solves the problems of low structural efficiency, passive thermal management, poor maintainability, and thermal runaway propagation, while meeting the requirements for battery module arrangement.

[0025] The cooling channel 4 has its channel inlet 5 connected to the cooling inlet of the radiator, and its cooling outlet connected to the cooling inlet of the channel outlet 6. A pump 9 is installed on the cooling channel 4. In this structure, the pump 9 pumps liquid metal, which flows within the cooling channel 4 to remove the heat generated by the battery module 3 during operation. After absorbing heat, the high-temperature liquid metal flows out and enters the low-temperature radiator, where it cools down before returning to the cooling channel. Through this circulation of liquid metal, reliable cooling of the battery module 3 in each cavity 2 is achieved.

[0026] The cavity 2 on the chassis body 1 is a polygonal cavity. Multiple cavities 2 are arranged at intervals on the upper surface of the chassis body 1. These cavities have a polygonal structure and form a honeycomb-like arrangement of the battery modules. With this structure, multiple cavities are provided on the entire chassis body, with different cavities used to arrange battery modules, forming the battery pack actually needed by the vehicle.

[0027] Each cavity 2 has a cooling ring groove 11 surrounding its outer circumference, and different cooling ring grooves 11 are connected to cooling channels 4. In this structure, the cooling ring grooves 11 surround the cavity, and liquid metal flows from the channel inlet to the channel outlet. The liquid metal flows through each cooling ring groove, thus removing heat. The cooling channels can be configured with multiple cooling branches, each with its inlet connected to the channel inlet and its outlet connected to the channel outlet. Each cooling branch flows through a group of cavities, achieving distributed cooling for different groups of cavities 2.

[0028] The chassis body 1 is a structure made of titanium alloy. In this structure, the titanium alloy chassis body bears the longitudinal and lateral loads of the entire vehicle, thus fulfilling its structural load-bearing function.

[0029] The liquid metal is a gallium-based alloy or a gallium-indium-tin alloy. In this structure, the liquid metal has good fluidity and can be effectively pumped by pump 9, meeting the cooling requirements of the battery module.

[0030] A temperature sensor is installed inside the cavity 2. The solid phase change material block 7 is configured to expand and seal the cavity 2 when the temperature is above 80°C. With this structure, the solid phase change material block 7 will not function when the battery module's temperature meets the requirements. Only when the vehicle experiences thermal runaway, causing the vehicle temperature to rise above the set 80°C, will the solid phase change material block 7 rapidly expand and seal the opening of the cavity 2, isolating the battery module 3 from external oxygen. Isolating oxygen effectively prevents the spread of combustion within the battery module 3.

[0031] An inlet valve is installed at the inlet 5 of the cooling channel 4, and an outlet valve is installed at the outlet 6. This structure allows for effective control of the opening and closing of the cooling channel, and the opening degree can be adjusted to regulate the temperature. A temperature sensor monitors the cooling temperature and controls the valve opening degree as needed.

[0032] The chassis body 1 is a 3D-printed structure. This structure allows for rapid fabrication of the chassis body 1, meeting performance requirements. Furthermore, the chassis body is a single piece, ensuring sufficient rigidity.

[0033] The battery layout structure for new energy vehicle chassis described in this invention improves structural efficiency: weight reduction of the chassis body and elimination of the independent cooling system result in an overall vehicle weight reduction of 23%; thermal management performance: the thermal conductivity of liquid metal reaches 30W / m·K (5 times that of traditional liquid cooling); maintenance cost: single module replacement time is <15 minutes (traditional CTC requires 8+ hours); safety redundancy: thermal runaway propagation time is delayed to >30 minutes (national standard requires ≥5 minutes); space utilization: battery modules are no longer installed on the chassis, and the chassis height is reduced to 120mm (traditional CTP 150mm+).

[0034] The battery arrangement structure of the new energy vehicle chassis described in this invention features multiple recessed cavities 2 on the chassis body 1. Each cavity 2 houses a battery module 3, and the multiple cavities 2 facilitate the arrangement of multiple battery modules 3. These battery modules 3 are connected by wiring to form the battery pack required for the new energy vehicle. The cavities 2 utilize the structure of the chassis body 1 to arrange the battery modules 3 without occupying additional space. This allows for weight reduction of the chassis body 1 without compromising its strength and performance. The cavities 2 are perfectly suited for arranging the battery modules 3, solving the problem of redundant weight caused by the overlapping of the battery pack casing and chassis in traditional structures. Addressing the issue of passive thermal management, a cooling channel 4 is provided inside the chassis body 1. The cooling channel 4 is filled with liquid metal, which flows within it via pumping. The cooling channel 4 is physically isolated from the battery modules 3, and its location on the chassis body 1 shortens the heat conduction path. To address the issue of poor maintainability, the battery module 3 is placed inside the cavity 2 and sealed by the cover plate 10, achieving reliable sealing of the battery module 3. The battery module 3 can be easily inserted and removed without requiring a hardened bond between it and the chassis body 1. This greatly facilitates the complete disassembly of individual battery cells (battery module 2) due to malfunctions. Lifting rings can be installed on the battery module 3 for easy insertion or removal from the cavity 2. The cover plate 10 is fixed to the protrusion at the opening of the cavity 2 using fixing screws 8. The protrusion has a ring structure, supporting the cover plate, and the screws secure the cover plate, reliably sealing the battery module. To address the issue of thermal runaway propagation, a solid phase change material block 7 is placed on the inner wall of each cavity 2, adhering to the inner surface of the cover plate 10. That is, the solid phase change material block 7 is located at the opening of the cavity 2. In the event of thermal runaway in a new energy vehicle, the solid phase change material block 7 expands, thereby sealing the cavity 2, isolating oxygen, and preventing oxygen from entering the cavity 2 and causing the battery module to burn more extensively. This achieves physical isolation and flame retardancy, giving the structure an active flame-retardant design.

[0035] The present invention has been described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any improvements made by adopting the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without modification, are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery arrangement structure for a new energy vehicle chassis, characterized in that: Multiple cavities (2) are provided on the chassis body (1), and battery modules (3) are installed in each cavity (2). Cooling channels (4) are provided inside the chassis body (1), and liquid metal is filled in the cooling channels (4). A cover plate (10) is provided at the opening of the cavity (2), and a solid phase change material block (7) is provided on the inner surface of the cover plate (10) attached to the inner wall of the cavity (2). Each cavity (2) has a cooling ring groove (11) around the outer ring of the cavity (2), and different cooling ring grooves (11) are connected to cooling channels (4); The cooling ring groove (11) surrounds the cavity. Liquid metal flows from the channel inlet to the channel outlet. Liquid metal flows through each cooling ring groove to remove heat. When the cooling channel is set up, multiple cooling branches can be set up. The inlet of each cooling branch is connected to the channel inlet, and the outlet of each cooling branch is connected to the channel outlet. Each cooling branch flows through a group of cavities to achieve the diversion cooling of different groups of cavities (2). When the vehicle experiences thermal runaway, causing the vehicle temperature to rise and exceed the set 80°C, the solid phase change material block (7) rapidly expands and seals the opening of the cavity (2), isolating the battery module (3) from external oxygen; after isolating oxygen, the combustion of the battery module (3) is prevented from expanding.

2. The battery arrangement structure for a new energy vehicle chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The channel inlet (5) of the cooling channel (4) is connected to the cooling inlet of the radiator, and the cooling outlet of the radiator is connected to the cooling inlet of the channel outlet (6). A pump (9) is installed on the cooling channel (4).

3. The battery arrangement structure for a new energy vehicle chassis according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cavity (2) on the chassis body (1) is a polygonal cavity.

4. The battery arrangement structure for a new energy vehicle chassis according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The chassis body (1) is a structure made of titanium alloy.

5. The battery arrangement structure for a new energy vehicle chassis according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The liquid metal is a gallium-based alloy or a gallium-indium-tin alloy.

6. The battery arrangement structure for a new energy vehicle chassis according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is installed inside the cavity (2), and the solid phase change material block (7) is configured to expand and seal the cavity (2) when the temperature is >80℃.

7. The battery arrangement structure for a new energy vehicle chassis according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An inlet valve is provided at the inlet (5) position of the cooling channel (4), and an outlet valve is provided at the outlet (6) position of the channel.

8. The battery arrangement structure for a new energy vehicle chassis according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The chassis body (1) is a 3D printed structure.

9. The battery arrangement structure for a new energy vehicle chassis according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper surface of the chassis body (1) is provided with multiple cavities (2) with gaps. The cavities are polygonal structures, and the multiple cavities (2) form a honeycomb-shaped battery module arrangement area.

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