Mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive cross beam

Abstract

The invention relates to a tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive cross beam, which is a component for replacing and canceling an existing aluminum electrolysis cell anode conductive device, casting an iron ring by adopting a steel claw head, and carrying out tenon-and-mortise structure bearing conductive connection on the anode conductive device and an anode block. The anode conductive metal device is in a trapezoidal section structure shape, or in a rectangular section structure shape of which the side part is provided with a mortise and tenon joint boss, or in a rectangular section structure shape of which the side part is provided with a horizontal occlusion tooth groove. And after the anode conductive cross beam is assembled from the side part or the upper part of the anode carbon block to the side part of the anode conductive convex platform or the anode conductive concave groove of the anode carbon block, the anode conductive cross beam can be connected with the anode carbon block by a mortise and tenon hook type bearing structure or a conductive structure.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] A tenon-and-mortise structure anode conductive beam is used to structurally connect the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block in the construction of aluminum electrolysis cells, and is a component in the production of electrolytic aluminum. Background technology:

[0002] The anode conductive device of an aluminum electrolytic cell is a crucial core component in aluminum electrolytic production, assembled from two main parts: the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block. The anode carbon block is considered the "heart" of aluminum electrolysis. The structural configuration and construction method of the load-bearing and conductive connections between the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block are the most important core technical constraints determining how the aluminum electrolytic cell production process and anode assembly process proceed.

[0003] Currently, in domestic and international electrolytic aluminum enterprises, the anode conductive device configured in their aluminum electrolytic cells is mainly composed of two major components: an anode conductive metal device and an anode carbon block, which are connected and assembled vertically. Its structural features are as follows: during the assembly and connection of the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block, the anode steel claw 5, located at the lower end of the anode conductive metal device, is placed inside the circular anode carbon bowl 2 on the upper part of the anode carbon block 1. Then, by hot-casting phosphorus pig iron, a phosphorus iron ring 3 is formed inside the circular anode carbon bowl 2. This phosphorus iron ring 3 serves as a transitional connection between the anode conductive metal device 4 and the anode carbon block 1. The anode carbon block 1 is connected to the lower end of the anode conductive metal device 4, and several inclined pull bosses 6 constructed on the outside of the circular phosphorus iron ring 1 form a tenon-and-mortise inclined pull connection between the anode carbon block 1 and the anode conductive metal device, thus achieving the conductive and load-bearing connection function between the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block. The conductive connection between the anode steel claw and the anode carbon block is achieved by utilizing the contraction and thermal expansion of the phosphorus iron ring. Then, during the electrolysis production process, the assembled anode carbon block steel claw assembly, i.e. the anode conductive device, is installed and fixed on the anode busbar of the aluminum electrolysis cell using a small box clamp. This fixes the anode carbon block in the electrolyte layer of the aluminum electrolysis cell and conducts the large anode current of the aluminum electrolysis cell to the anode carbon block, enabling it to participate in the electrolytic thermo-electrochemical reaction of the aluminum electrolysis cell.

[0004] The production process of aluminum electrolysis involves the continuous consumption of anode carbon blocks during electrolysis. When the anode carbon blocks are consumed to the residual electrode stage in the thermo-electrochemical reaction, and the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell threatens the anode steel claws, the residual anode carbon blocks and the upper anode metal conductive device must be removed from the electrolytic cell. A new set of high anode conductivity devices is then installed to continue participating in the thermo-electrochemical reaction. The anode conductive metal device is a reusable component. During the recycling process, i.e., during the anode assembly production process, the residual anode carbon blocks and phosphorus iron rings must be separated from the anode steel claws by mechanical pressing or manual processing. Then, a new anode carbon block is cast onto the anode steel claws to form a new anode carbon block steel claw assembly for repeated recycling.

[0005] The commonly used anode conductive device in the electrolytic aluminum industry, which assembles metal anode steel claws and anode carbon blocks using phosphorus iron rings, has the following main technical defects: First, the melting of pig iron and the electrical energy consumed in anode assembly are wasted. Second, using a phosphorus iron ring as a conductive connecting layer between the anode steel claw and the anode carbon bowl results in a high overall voltage drop in the anode conductive device during electrolysis due to the material of the phosphorus iron ring and the iron-carbon bonding method. Statistics show that the average resistance loss at this iron-carbon connection point is as high as 350 kW per ton of electrolytic aluminum during electrolysis. Third, electrolytic aluminum enterprises need to configure a large amount of anode assembly equipment and manpower to complete the technical support for the anode assembly process, thus increasing the investment cost and production expenses of electrolytic aluminum production.

[0006] The production process of electrolytic aluminum is a high-energy-consuming process, and achieving energy-saving, emission-reducing, and low-carbon production of electrolytic aluminum is crucial. Engineers and technicians in the electrolytic aluminum industry both domestically and internationally have been continuously tackling the shortcomings of existing technologies, attempting to reduce energy consumption in electrolytic aluminum production by changing the assembly structure of the anode conductive device. According to relevant technology novelty searches and patent documents, the inventor of this patent, Gao Dejin, disclosed as early as August 2009 a research and development project on a method using bolts or clamping devices to clamp and connect the upper conductive convex platform of the anode carbon block under cold, ambient temperature conditions. This clamping anode conductive device is described in Chinese Patent 200920157549.6. The technical features of this solution are as follows: On the lower part of the aluminum guide rod with a central slit in the lower opening, on two symmetrical conductive vertical clamping plates, upper clamping bolts or horizontal support clamping adjustment devices are installed; when assembling the anode conductive device, the two conductive vertical clamping plates are placed in the anode conductive concave grooves on both sides of the anode conductive convex platform on the upper part of the anode carbon block, and the horizontal clamping force of the clamping bolts or tightening devices is adjusted to form a conductive connection and a load-bearing structural connection between the inner side of the two anode conductive vertical clamping plates and the anode carbon block convex platform.

[0007] While this clamp-type anode conductive device allows for cold-state, room-temperature assembly of the anode conductive device, eliminating the need for hot-cast phosphorus iron rings, several issues arise. Firstly, under the high temperatures of the aluminum electrolysis cell, the two symmetrically positioned anode conductive clamping plates below the forked aluminum conductive plate experience significant plastic deformation due to the interference of lateral horizontal clamping forces and the reaction forces from the anode carbon block's convex platform. This results in substantial deformation of the rigid structure, making the anode conductive metal device less interchangeable and difficult to reuse. Secondly, the clamping strength of the anode clamping fixture on the anode conductive boss varies considerably with changes in the high-temperature electrolysis environment, leading to significant variations in the voltage drop and resistance values ​​of the anode conductive device. Therefore, this technology has not been widely adopted in the aluminum electrolysis industry.

[0008] According to foreign patent literature, Norsk Hydro ASA disclosed a patented technology for a vertical plate-type anode conductive device in May 2018, patent number US20180023206A1. The technology is characterized by two rigid conductive plates symmetrically arranged below the aluminum guide rod and aluminum-steel composite connecting piece. The top of the anode carbon block is directly placed on these two conductive plates. Pre-drilled holes for load-bearing pins are made in the anode carbon block and the conductive plates, and several connecting pins are inserted into these holes to achieve the load-bearing structural connection between the conductive plates and the anode carbon block. Then, carbon ramming paste is used to fill the gap between the anode conductive plates and the anode conductive boss, serving as a conductive medium layer to achieve the conductive connection between the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block. Computer simulation and preliminary industrial test analysis show that the technical solution of the Norwegian company Hydro has technical defects such as high construction cost of the load-bearing structure of the anode conductive device, poor reliability of the load-bearing connection, and high construction cost and large voltage drop of the conductive connection due to the use of carbon ramming paste as the conductive connection medium. Therefore, there have been no public reports of the application of this patented technical solution in the electrolytic aluminum production process in the domestic and foreign electrolytic aluminum industry to date.

[0009] China is a major producer of electrolytic aluminum, accounting for approximately 60% of the world's annual electrolytic aluminum production capacity. Electrolytic aluminum production is an energy-intensive industry with high greenhouse gas emissions. As energy consumption and environmental issues in the electrolytic aluminum industry are increasingly subject to stringent policy regulations, intensifying market competition, and the expansion of my country's electrolytic aluminum industry into overseas markets, the industry urgently needs technological support for energy-saving, emission-reducing, and carbon-reducing production processes that can be industrialized. Therefore, based on summarizing previous experiences and lessons learned in electrolytic aluminum technology innovation, the inventors of this technology have developed and proposed a tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive beam to replace the phosphorus iron ring and anode carbon block connection structure, aiming to address the aforementioned technical deficiencies in existing anode conductive devices and promote technological upgrading in the electrolytic aluminum industry. Summary of the Invention:

[0010] The existing anode conductive device mainly consists of two main components: an anode conductive metal device and an anode carbon block, which are connected and assembled vertically. Its structural features are as follows: During the assembly and connection of the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block, the anode steel claw 5, located at the lower end of the anode conductive metal device, is placed inside the circular anode carbon bowl 2 on the upper part of the anode carbon block 1. Then, phosphorus iron is hot-cast to form a phosphorus iron ring 3 inside the circular anode carbon bowl 2. The phosphorus iron ring 3 serves as a transitional connection between the anode conductive metal device 4 and the anode carbon block 1. The anode carbon block 1 is connected to the lower end of the anode conductive metal device 4, and several oblique pull bosses 6 located on the outside of the circular phosphorus iron ring 1 form a tenon-and-mortise oblique pull connection with the anode carbon block 1, thereby achieving the conductive and load-bearing connection function between the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown. The mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive beam of the present invention has an innovative technical approach to eliminate the existing technology of constructing a circular anode carbon bowl on the upper part of the anode carbon block 1, casting phosphorus iron to construct a phosphorus iron ring 3, and using hot-cast phosphorus iron to construct an anode conductive metal device and anode carbon block for conductive load-bearing connection, so as to achieve the goal of energy-saving and emission-reduction production of electrolytic aluminum.

[0011] The innovative technical approach and objective of the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive beam of the present invention is to use an anode conductive beam that can be set at the lower end of the anode conductive metal device and can be connected to the anode carbon block by mortise and tenon hooks. The anode conductive beam is directly assembled into the anode conductive convex platform and anode conductive groove on the upper part of the anode carbon block by a cold working and room temperature assembly method. The anode conductive metal device is directly connected to the anode carbon block through the anode conductive beam to achieve the connection of the load-bearing structure and the conductive structure.

[0012] A tenon-and-mortise structure anode conductive beam is a component constructed at the bottom of an anode conductive metal device, which is connected to the anode carbon block for load-bearing and conductive purposes. The anode conductive beam has a trapezoidal cross-section, or a rectangular cross-section with a tenon-and-mortise connection boss on the side, or a rectangular cross-section with horizontal interlocking teeth on the side. When the anode conductive beam is constructed at the lower end of the anode conductive metal device and assembled from the side or top of the anode carbon block to the side of the anode conductive boss, the anode conductive beam can be connected to the anode carbon block via a tenon-and-mortise hook-and-mortise load-bearing structure or a conductive structure.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the technical feature of the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive beam is that: the lower end of the welded anode conductive column plate or anode steel claw head of the anode conductive beam is connected with the aluminum guide rod to form a complete anode conductive metal device, and then it is connected with the anode carbon block by mortise and tenon structure for load-bearing or conductive connection.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the technical feature of the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive beam is that the conductive interface between the anode conductive beam and the anode carbon block is a machined plane.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the technical feature of the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive beam is that the anode conductive beam is made of low carbon steel or copper steel composite material with relatively low resistance.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, the technical feature of the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive beam is that a copper alloy or nickel alloy conductive transition layer is constructed on the conductive surface of the anode conductive beam in contact with the anode carbon block.

[0017] In the production of aluminum electrolytic cells, the assembly of anode conductive devices, and the production of anode carbon blocks, the anode conductive device constructed using the mortise and tenon structure of the anode conductive beam described in this invention, and configured with mortise and tenon connections to the anode conductive convex platform or anode conductive concave groove on the upper part of the anode carbon block, exhibits the following technological advantages. Firstly, it enables the assembly of the anode conductive device under ambient cold operating conditions. This not only eliminates the melting of pig iron and the pressing and removal of the pig iron ring in the anode assembly process, simplifying the anode assembly flow, but also significantly reduces the power consumption, pig iron material costs, and related process equipment investment and labor costs in the anode assembly production process. Secondly, the use of mortise and tenon joints to connect and assemble the anode conductive device ensures a more reliable mechanical structure for the load-bearing connection between the anode conductive beam and the anode carbon block. Furthermore, by expanding the iron-carbon connection area between the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block and optimizing the conductivity of the iron-carbon interface, the voltage drop at the iron-carbon interface is reduced, ensuring the stability of its conductivity and providing technical support for energy-saving and emission-reducing electrolytic aluminum production. Thirdly, it reduces the occurrence of inward deformation of the anode steel claw during recycling, improving the anode assembly quality. Fourthly, the original anode carbon block with a slanted groove on top is replaced with an innovative anode conductive concave platform or anode conductive concave groove structure. This not only simplifies the production process of the anode carbon block but also reduces its production cost.

[0018] Therefore, the mortise and tenon structure connecting conductive beam described in this invention, which constructs an anode conductive metal device, not only provides a technical solution for the electrolytic aluminum industry to assemble anode conductive devices in a cold state at room temperature, but also provides a revolutionary technical solution for energy conservation and emission reduction in China's electrolytic aluminum industry that can be industrialized. Furthermore, it provides technical support for China's electrolytic aluminum technology to go global, occupy the international market, and seize the commanding heights of technological innovation in the electrolytic aluminum industry.

[0019] The accompanying drawings illustrate the technical solution and features of the mortise and tenon joint anode conductive beam of this invention, which will become clearer through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a conventional anode steel claw casting phosphorus iron ring anode conductive device.

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view.

[0022] Figure 3 Example 1: A schematic diagram of the anode conductive device of a trapezoidal tenon and mortise structure connected anode conductive beam.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Side view;

[0024] Figure 5 Example 1: A schematic diagram of the load-bearing connection structure of a trapezoidal tenon and mortise structure connected anode conductive beam.

[0025] Figure 6 Example 1: A schematic diagram of the conductive connection structure of a trapezoidal tenon and mortise structure connected anode conductive beam.

[0026] Figure 7 Example 2: A schematic diagram of an anode conductive device that uses two trapezoidal anode conductive beams, each with one side inclined and symmetrically arranged in parallel, to clamp the anode conductive boss using a tenon-and-mortise structure for load-bearing conductive connection.

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The side view cross section.

[0028] Figure 9 Example 3: A front view of a rectangular anode conductive beam with tenon-and-mortise connecting bosses on both sides and an anode conductive convex platform on the upper part of the anode carbon block connected by a tenon-and-mortise structure.

[0029] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The side view cross section.

[0030] Figure 11 Example 4: A rectangular anode conductive beam with two parallel symmetrically constructed mortise and tenon joints on its sides, showing the main view of the clamping mortise and tenon joint load-bearing connection and conductive connection structure of the anode conductive convex platform.

[0031] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The side view cross section.

[0032] Figure 13 Example 5: A front view of an anode conductive beam with horizontal interlocking tooth grooves on both sides, which is connected to the anode carbon block convex platform by a mortise and tenon structure.

[0033] Figure 14 for Figure 13 The side view cross section.

[0034] Figure 15 Example 6 is a front view of a load-bearing conductive structure using two symmetrically parallel rectangular anode conductive beams with horizontal interlocking teeth on their sides to clamp the anode carbon block boss with a tenon-and-mortise joint structure.

[0035] Figure 16 for Figure 15 The side view cross section.

[0036] Figure 17 Example 7: A front view of the cross-section of a trapezoidal anode conductive beam with a copper-steel composite tenon-and-mortise structure connection.

[0037] Figure 18 for Figure 17 The side view cross section.

[0038] Figure 19 Example 8: A front view of the cross-section of a copper-steel composite tenon-and-mortise structure convex anode conductive beam.

[0039] Figure 20 for Figure 10 The side view cross section.

[0040] Figure 21 Example 9: A schematic diagram of a trapezoidal tenon and mortise structure with a copper alloy conductive layer on the surface of the anode conductive beam.

[0041] The drawing shows: 1. Anode carbon block, 2. Circular anode carbon bowl, 3. Phosphorus iron ring, 4. Anode steel claw head, 5. Anode conductive metal device, 6. Anode conductive column plate, 7. Anode conductive crossbeam, 8. Anode conductive convex platform, 9. Anode conductive concave groove, 10. Tenon and mortise connection boss, 11. Horizontal interlocking tooth groove, 12. Steel shell, 13. Anode conductive copper plate, 14. Anode conductive copper rod, 15. Conductive copper-plated alloy layer, 16. Connecting weld, 17. Aluminum guide rod, 18. Aluminum-steel composite connecting piece. Detailed implementation method:

[0042] The technical solution and features of the mortise and tenon structure connected anode conductive beam of the present invention will become clearer through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the existing anode conductive device is mainly composed of two major components, an anode conductive metal device 5 and an anode carbon block 1, which are connected and assembled vertically. Its structural feature is that when assembling and connecting the anode conductive metal device 5 and the anode carbon block 1, the anode steel claw 4, which is located at the lower end of the anode conductive metal device 5, is placed in the circular anode carbon bowl 2 at the upper part of the anode carbon block 1. Then, phosphorus iron is hot-cast to form a phosphorus iron ring 3 in the circular anode carbon bowl 2. The phosphorus iron ring 3 serves as a transition connection between the anode conductive metal device 5 and the anode carbon block 1. The anode carbon block 1 is connected to the lower end of the anode conductive metal device 5. That is, several inclined pull bosses 15 constructed on the outside of the circular phosphorus iron ring 3 form an inclined pull tenon structure with the anode steel claw 4 and the anode carbon block 1 to form a load-bearing conductive connection function. The mortise and tenon structure connected anode conductive beam 7 described in this invention is designed to eliminate the existing technology's production process of constructing a circular anode carbon bowl 2 on the upper part of the anode carbon block 1, casting phosphorus iron to construct a phosphorus iron ring 3, and using hot casting of phosphorus iron. It is a metal connection component designed to simplify the anode assembly method, improve the anode assembly quality, reduce the voltage drop of the anode assembly connection, and achieve the goal of energy-saving and emission-reducing production in aluminum electrolysis. It is a metal connection component that connects the anode metal device 5 and the anode carbon block 1 with a mortise and tenon structure.

[0044] Example 1: As Figure 3 Figure 4 As shown, the innovation of the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive beam 7 described in this embodiment 1 lies in the fact that an anode conductive beam 7, with a structure set at the lower end of the anode conductive metal device 5, capable of being connected to the anode carbon block 1 through a mortise and tenon hook-type load-bearing conductive connection, is directly assembled to the upper part of the anode carbon block 1 and the side of the anode conductive convex platform 8, thus enabling the anode conductive device 5 and the anode carbon block 1 to achieve a load-bearing structure and conductive structure connection. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the anode conductive beam 7 described in this embodiment 1 has a trapezoidal cross-section that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. The anode conductive beam 7 is constructed at the lower end of the anode conductive column plate 6 of the anode conductive metal device 5 using a welding connection method, forming a complete anode conductive metal device 1 component with the upper anode conductive metal device 5. During anode assembly, the anode conductive beam 7 and the anode conductive metal device 5 are... Using a mechanical displacement assembly method, the anode conductive beam 7 is pushed from the side of the anode carbon block 1 into the anode conductive concave groove 9 on the upper part of the anode carbon block 1, so that the trapezoidal cross-section anode conductive beam and the corresponding trapezoidal anode conductive boss can form a trapezoidal hook-and-mortise structure for load-bearing and conductive connection.

[0045] In this embodiment 1, the tensile load-bearing mechanical structure connecting the trapezoidal anode conductive beam 6 and the anode carbon block 1 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the anode carbon block 1 is equipped with a mortise and tenon hook structure on the upper trapezoidal anode conductive convex platform and the side of the trapezoidal anode conductive crossbeam, which enables vertical load-bearing conductive connection.

[0046] In this embodiment 1, the conductive connection structure between the trapezoidal anode conductive beam 6 and the anode carbon block 1 is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the iron-carbon connection interface on the side between the anode conductive beam 6 and the anode carbon block 1 is a tightly fitted conductive connection. To ensure that the inclined side of the anode conductive beam 6 and the inclined side of the upper conductive convex platform 8 of the anode carbon block 1 are iron-carbon bonded conductive interfaces, the iron-carbon bonded interface of the anode conductive beam is a machined mating surface.

[0047] Example 2: Figure 7 Figure 8 The mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive beam described in Embodiment 2 is characterized in that: the cross-sectional shape of the anode conductive beam 7 is rectangular on one side and inclined trapezoidal on the other side. During anode assembly, the inclined trapezoidal surfaces of the two anode conductive beams 7 are symmetrically clamped on both sides of the upper anode conductive convex platform 8, which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, so that the anode conductive metal device can implement the mortise and tenon clamping structure load-bearing connection and conductive structure connection through the inclined sides of the two parallel and symmetrically arranged anode convex anode conductive beams 7 and anode conductive convex platform 8.

[0048] Example 3 Figure 9 Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive beam described in this embodiment 3 is characterized in that: mortise and tenon connecting bosses 10 are provided on both sides of the rectangular anode conductive beam 7. During anode assembly, the anode carbon block can be pushed into the assembled anode conductive concave groove from the side of the anode conductive beam. The mortise and tenon connecting bosses 10 provided on the side of the rectangular anode conductive beam 7, together with the anode conductive convex platform 8 on the upper part of the anode carbon block 1 or the side wall of the anode conductive convex groove 9, implement a mutually interlocking mortise and tenon structure load-bearing connection and conductive connection structure configuration.

[0049] Example 4, as Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown in Embodiment 4, the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive beam is characterized by the cross-sectional shape of its rectangular anode conductive beam 7, which has a mortise and tenon connection boss 10 on one side and a rectangular vertical structure cross-section on the other side. During anode assembly, the two rectangular anode conductive beams 7 with mortise and tenon connection bosses 10 on their sides are used to clamp the anode conductive convex platform 8 on the upper part of the anode carbon block 1 using a mortise and tenon structure connection. That is, when the mortise and tenon connection bosses 10 of the two symmetrically constructed rectangular anode conductive beams 7 located below the anode conductive vertical plate 6 of the anode conductive metal device 5 are inserted into the mortise and tenon connection grooves on the side wall of the anode conductive convex platform 8, the anode conductive metal device can achieve a clamping and inserting mortise and tenon structure load-bearing connection and conductive connection configuration through the two rectangular anode conductive beams 7 and the anode conductive convex platform 8 on the upper part of the anode carbon block 1.

[0050] Example 5, as Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown in Embodiment 5, the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive beam is characterized in that: the cross-section of the anode conductive beam 6 is rectangular, and flat interlocking tooth grooves 11 are provided on both sides of the rectangular anode conductive beam 6. During anode assembly, the rectangular anode conductive beam 7 with flat interlocking tooth grooves 11 on its side is mechanically assembled from the side of the anode carbon block to the upper part of the anode carbon block 1. The anode conductive concave groove 9, which corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the anode conductive beam 7, can form a horizontal interlocking mortise and tenon connection with the side of the anode conductive convex platform 8 on the upper part of the anode carbon block 1. Thus, the anode conductive metal device 4 and the anode carbon block 1 are connected by a mortise and tenon structure for load-bearing and conductive connection through the horizontal interlocking tooth grooves 11 on the side of the anode conductive beam 7.

[0051] Example 6, as Figure 15 , Figure 16 As shown in Embodiment 6, the mortise and tenon joint type anode conductive beam is characterized by having a horizontal interlocking tooth groove 11 on one side of its rectangular anode conductive beam 7. During anode assembly, two rectangular anode conductive beams 7 with horizontal tooth grooves on their sides are used to perform a clamping mortise and tenon joint connection to the anode conductive convex platform 8 on the upper part of the anode carbon block 1; that is, two rectangular anode conductive beams 7 symmetrically arranged with horizontal interlocking tooth grooves are clamped to the sides of the anode conductive convex platform 8, allowing the anode conductive metal device 5 to achieve a mortise and tenon joint clamping and interlocking load-bearing connection and conductive connection structure configuration on the upper part of the anode carbon block through two parallel and symmetrically arranged rectangular anode conductive beams on the lower part of the anode conductive vertical plate 6.

[0052] Example 7, as Figure 17 , Figure 18As shown in Embodiment 7, the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive beam is characterized by the following: In order to improve the conductivity of the anode conductive beam, optimize the conductive structure design of the anode conductive beam, and reduce the total voltage drop of its anode conductive device, the trapezoidal anode conductive beam 7 is constructed as a copper-steel composite structure. That is, a rectangular copper plate 13 made of copper alloy material is extruded and inlaid inside the steel shell 12 of the trapezoidal anode conductive beam 7 made of steel material, so that the anode conductive beam 7 forms a copper-steel composite anode conductive beam 7 with steel cladding, thereby improving the conductivity of the anode conductive beam.

[0053] Example 8, as Figure 19 , Figure 20 As shown in Embodiment 8, the mortise and tenon joint type anode conductive beam is characterized by: in order to improve the conductivity of the anode conductive beam 7 and optimize the conductivity of the iron-carbon bonding interface between the anode conductive beam 7 and the anode conductive convex platform 8, and to reduce the overall voltage drop of the anode conductive device, copper rods 14 made of copper alloy are extruded and embedded in the steel shell 12 of the trapezoidal anode conductive beam 7 made of steel along the width direction of the anode conductive beam 7, so that the anode conductive beam 7 forms a copper-steel composite anode conductive beam 7 with steel cladding. At the same time, after the anode conductive beam 7 is assembled to the side of the anode conductive convex platform 8, the thermal expansion rate and conductivity of the conductive copper rods 14 of copper material are superior to those of steel material, so that the anode conductive copper rods 14 set in the anode conductive beam and the side of the anode conductive convex platform 8 form a tight copper-carbon conductive interface, thereby improving the conductivity of the anode conductive beam 7.

[0054] Example 9, as Figure 21 As shown in Embodiment 9, the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive beam is characterized in that the trapezoidal anode conductive beam 7, which is suspended at the bottom of the anode conductive column plate 6 below the anode conductive metal device 5, is made of steel. However, on the outer surface of the beam, the sides and bottom of the beam where it makes conductive connections with the anode carbon block, a copper alloy or nickel alloy conductive layer 15 is formed at the conductive interface by electroplating, high-temperature spraying, or co-diffusion. This improves the conductivity between the anode conductive beam and the anode carbon block and prevents carbon erosion from negatively affecting the conductivity of the anode conductive beam, thereby improving the stability of the conductivity of the anode conductive beam during repeated use.

Claims

1. A tenon-and-mortise structure connected anode conductive beam, characterized in that: The side of the anode conductive beam is provided with a structural configuration that allows for mortise and tenon joint load-bearing and conductive connection with the upper anode conductive protrusion of the anode carbon block. Specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the anode conductive beam is either a trapezoidal cross-section with a smaller top and a larger bottom, or a rectangular cross-section with mortise and tenon joint protrusions on the side, or a rectangular cross-section with horizontal interlocking teeth grooves on the side. In other words, when the anode conductive beam is assembled to the side of the upper anode conductive protrusion of the anode carbon block, the anode conductive beam can be connected to the anode carbon block conductive protrusion through a mortise and tenon hook-type load-bearing or conductive connection structure.

2. The mortise and tenon joint type anode conductive beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode conductive beam is welded and connected to the aluminum guide rod via an anode conductive column plate to form a complete anode conductive metal device.

3. The mortise and tenon joint type anode conductive beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive interface between the anode conductive beam and the anode carbon block is a machined plane.

4. The mortise and tenon joint type anode conductive beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode conductive beam is made of low-carbon steel, a metal material with relatively low resistance, or is constructed from a combination of copper and steel composite materials.

5. A tenon-and-mortise structure connected anode conductive beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A copper alloy conductive transition layer is provided on the conductive surface where the iron and carbon of the anode conductive beam and the anode carbon block are bonded.

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