Active energy absorption type mine blasting slope protection structure

Abstract

The invention discloses an active energy absorption type mine blasting side slope protection structure, and belongs to the technical field of mine blasting side slope protection. Comprising a side slope and a side slope blocking mechanism, a groove is formed in the topographic earth surface of a side slope toe in the direction of the side slope, an energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism is arranged in the groove, a protection mechanism is fixedly arranged on the topographic earth surface to cover the groove, one end of the side slope blocking mechanism is movably connected with the protection mechanism through a plurality of connecting pieces, and the other end of the side slope blocking mechanism is fixedly connected with the protection mechanism. The other end is connected with the protection mechanism through the inclination angle adjusting mechanism. According to the slope protection device, the slope blocking mechanism is arranged on the protection mechanism, the slope blocking mechanism has a blocking effect on slope falling rocks, meanwhile, when a slope body slides, the sliding body can be prevented from invading the protection mechanism and the terrain ground surface, and the safety of personnel at the slope toe, the protection mechanism, the groove, the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism and the terrain ground surface is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an active energy-absorbing slope protection structure for mine blasting, belonging to the field of mine blasting slope protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] Mining blasting is a common technique used in mining operations, aiming to effectively extract resources by controlling blasting vibrations to break rocks. However, the shock waves and vibrations generated by blasting not only severely impact the surrounding environment but also pose a significant threat to slope stability. Excessive or inappropriate blasting vibrations can lead to landslides and collapses on mine slopes, potentially endangering the lives and property of nearby residents. Furthermore, the vibrations from blasting can damage mining equipment, transportation routes, and other infrastructure, affecting the safety and economic efficiency of mine production.

[0003] Currently, mine slope protection measures mainly include reinforcement and support, shotcrete, and vegetation restoration. However, existing slope protection technologies still have certain limitations in terms of the transmission and absorption of blasting vibrations. Traditional protection equipment focuses on establishing physical barriers, which is difficult to effectively absorb the energy generated by blasting, resulting in unstable slope protection effects. Especially in large-scale blasting operations, protection facilities are easily damaged or fail, and the protective effect is difficult to sustain.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN221741377U discloses a slope protection structure for mine blasting, including a slope body with a sloping side. A protective slot is formed on the upper surface of the slope body. A rear support plate is inserted into the rear side of the protective slot. A flexible plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rear support plate. A front buffer plate is fixedly connected to one end of the flexible plate. Fixing blocks are fixedly connected to the four corner edges of the rear support plate. A sliding rod is fixedly connected between the fixing blocks on both sides, with sliding blocks slidingly engaged on both sides of the middle of the sliding rod. By creating a protective slot at a corresponding position on the front side of the slope body, the front buffer plate and rear support plate are installed inside the protective slot. Rubber cones abut against the inner wall of the protective slot. When the area of ​​the slope requiring protection is large, the distance between the protective slots can be increased. The connection is achieved through the cooperation of arc-shaped protrusions and arc-shaped grooves, effectively protecting against a large range of vibrations generated during mine blasting.

[0005] However, during mine blasting, potential falling rocks on the slope may be affected by the blasting vibration waves and roll down the slope, threatening the safety of personnel, equipment and the environment at the foot of the slope. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an active energy-absorbing slope protection structure for mine blasting.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An active energy-absorbing mine blasting slope protection structure includes a slope and a slope retaining mechanism. A trench is provided on the terrain surface at the toe of the slope along the slope direction. An energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism is provided in the trench. A protective mechanism is fixedly provided on the terrain surface to cover the trench. One end of the slope retaining mechanism is movably connected to the protective mechanism through several connectors, and the other end is connected to the protective mechanism through an angle adjustment mechanism.

[0008] The energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism includes a U-shaped support and an energy dissipation and vibration reduction component. The energy dissipation and vibration reduction component is located inside the U-shaped support and is connected to the two side walls of the U-shaped support.

[0009] The cross-sectional shape and size of the U-shaped support are adapted to the cross-sectional shape and size of the trench. The U-shaped support includes a base plate, a rear baffle and a front baffle. The rear baffle and the front baffle are arranged side by side on the base plate, and the front baffle is located between the rear baffle and the slope.

[0010] The energy dissipation and vibration reduction assembly includes an energy-absorbing beam, which is fixedly mounted on the front baffle. Both ends of the energy-absorbing beam are fixedly provided with connecting blocks. An energy-absorbing box is fixedly mounted on the side of the connecting block near the rear baffle. An energy-absorbing spring is connected to the end of the energy-absorbing box away from the connecting block. The end of the energy-absorbing spring away from the energy-absorbing box is fixedly connected to the rear baffle through an energy-absorbing support seat and a connecting plate.

[0011] The protection mechanism includes a protection plate, which is fixed to the terrain surface by multiple ground nails. The protection plate has a slot at a position corresponding to the trench, and a protective net is provided on the inside of the slot.

[0012] The slope protection mechanism includes a lower slope protection plate and an upper slope protection plate. The upper slope protection plate is located above the lower slope protection plate, and the bottom of the upper slope protection plate is connected to the lower slope protection plate through multiple buffer springs.

[0013] The upper baffle plate has multiple through holes arranged in a rectangular array, and the diameter of the through holes is 1cm.

[0014] One end of the lower baffle is connected to the protection mechanism via multiple connectors, which are hinges.

[0015] The tilt adjustment mechanism includes two support rods and two square steel bars. The two square steel bars are arranged side by side and fixed on the protective plate, and the arrangement direction of the square steel bars is perpendicular to the slope direction. Multiple slots are evenly spaced on the top of the square steel bars. One end of each of the two support rods is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lower baffle plate, and the other end is abutted against the slots on the top of the two square steel bars.

[0016] The two support rods are connected at their midpoints by a crossbar.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Set up trenches along the slope direction on the topographic surface at the toe of the slope, and install energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanisms in the trenches. When the vibration waves caused by mining blasting are transmitted to the toe of the slope, the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanisms will absorb or slow down the vibration waves to reduce the impact of vibration on the slope and thus avoid safety hazards such as slope landslides and collapses.

[0018] 2. A protective mechanism is fixedly installed on the terrain surface to cover the trench, so as to protect the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism in the trench, prevent foreign objects from falling into the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism and causing it to fail, and ensure that the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism works normally.

[0019] 3. A slope retaining mechanism is installed on the protection structure. This mechanism blocks falling rocks and, in the event of slope slippage, prevents the sliding material from intruding into the protection structure and the surrounding terrain, ensuring the safety of personnel at the slope toe, the protection structure, the trench, the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism, and the terrain surface. Furthermore, one end of the slope retaining mechanism is rotatably connected to the protection structure via multiple connectors, while the other end is connected via an angle adjustment mechanism. This allows for easy adjustment of the slope retaining mechanism's tilt angle, enabling it to function as a retaining and protective element in various mining environments, significantly improving its practicality.

[0020] 4. The upper retaining plate acts as a barrier against falling rocks and landslides on the slope, while the lower retaining plate supports the upper retaining plate. Multiple buffer springs installed between the upper and lower retaining plates buffer and absorb energy when the upper retaining plate comes into contact with falling rocks or landslides, reducing the impact force on both plates. When a landslide is blocked by the slope protection mechanism, water in the landslide flows through multiple through holes arranged in a rectangular array on the upper retaining plate, moving towards the slope toe to reduce the weight of the landslide and preventing the slope protection mechanism from failing due to excessive load from the landslide.

[0021] 5. For energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanisms, the protective mechanism has the function of preventing burial and ensuring that the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism can continuously and normally play its role in energy dissipation and vibration reduction. For slope protection mechanisms, the protective mechanism has the function of supporting them and, with the cooperation of the tilt adjustment mechanism, has the function of tilt adjustment for slope protection mechanisms. Conversely, for the protective mechanism, the slope protection mechanism has the function of preventing burial and resisting impact. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 3This is an assembly diagram of the U-shaped bracket and energy dissipation and vibration reduction components of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1-Slope, 2-Slope protection mechanism, 21-Upper retaining plate, 22-Buffer spring, 23-Lower retaining plate, 3-Connector, 4-Terrain surface, 41-Trench, 5-Protective mechanism, 51-Protective plate, 52-Ground nail, 53-Protective net, 6-Inclination adjustment mechanism, 61-Support rod, 62-Square steel, 7-Energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism, 71-U-shaped bracket, 711-Base plate, 712-Rear retaining plate, 713-Front retaining plate, 72-Energy dissipation and vibration reduction component, 721-Energy-absorbing beam, 722-Connecting block, 723-Energy-absorbing box, 724-Energy-absorbing spring, 725-Energy-absorbing bearing seat, 726-Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited to what is described.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention discloses an active energy-absorbing mine blasting slope protection structure, comprising a slope 1 and a slope protection mechanism 2. A groove 41 is provided on the topographic surface 4 at the toe of the slope 1 along the direction of the slope 1. An energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism 7 is provided in the groove 41. A protective mechanism 5 is fixedly provided on the topographic surface 4 to cover the groove 41. One end of the slope protection mechanism 2 is movably connected to the protective mechanism 5 through multiple connectors 3, and the other end is connected to the protective mechanism 5 through an angle adjustment mechanism 6.

[0026] Specifically, a trench 41 is set on the topographic surface 4 at the toe of slope 1 along the direction of slope 1, and an energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism 7 is installed in the trench 41. When the vibration wave caused by the mine blasting is transmitted to the toe of slope 1, the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism 7 absorbs or slows down the vibration wave to reduce the impact of vibration on slope 1.

[0027] A protective mechanism 5 is fixedly installed on the terrain surface 4 to cover the trench 41, so as to protect the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism 7 in the trench 41 through the protective mechanism 5, prevent foreign objects from falling into the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism 7 and causing it to fail, and ensure that the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism 7 works normally.

[0028] A slope protection mechanism 2 is installed on the protection mechanism 5. The slope protection mechanism 2 acts as a barrier against falling rocks on the slope 1. Simultaneously, when the slope 1 experiences landslides, it prevents the landslide material from intruding into the protection mechanism 5 and the terrain surface 4, ensuring the safety of personnel at the toe of the slope 1, the protection mechanism 5, the ditch 41, the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism 7, and the terrain surface 4. Furthermore, one end of the slope protection mechanism 2 is rotatably connected to the protection mechanism 5 via multiple connectors 3, and the other end is connected to the protection mechanism 5 via an inclination adjustment mechanism 6. This allows for adjustment of the inclination angle of the slope protection mechanism 2, enabling it to perform its barrier and protection function under different mining environments, significantly improving its practicality.

[0029] The energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism 7 includes a U-shaped bracket 71 and an energy dissipation and vibration reduction component 72. The energy dissipation and vibration reduction component 72 is located inside the U-shaped bracket 71 and is connected to the two side walls of the U-shaped bracket 71.

[0030] The cross-sectional shape and size of the U-shaped support 71 are adapted to the cross-sectional shape and size of the trench 41. The U-shaped support 71 includes a base plate 711, a rear baffle 712 and a front baffle 713. The rear baffle 712 and the front baffle 713 are arranged side by side on the base plate 711, and the front baffle 713 is located between the rear baffle 712 and the slope 1.

[0031] Specifically, the U-shaped bracket 71 reinforces the trench 41 and provides stable support for the energy dissipation and vibration reduction component 72.

[0032] The energy dissipation and vibration reduction assembly 72 includes an energy-absorbing beam 721, which is fixedly mounted on the front baffle 713. Both ends of the energy-absorbing beam 721 are fixedly provided with connecting blocks 722. An energy-absorbing box 723 is fixedly provided on the side of the connecting block 722 near the rear baffle 712. An energy-absorbing spring 724 is connected to the end of the energy-absorbing box 723 away from the connecting block 722. The end of the energy-absorbing spring 724 away from the energy-absorbing box 723 is fixedly connected to the rear baffle 712 through an energy-absorbing support 725 and a connecting plate 726.

[0033] Specifically, when the vibration wave caused by the mine blasting is transmitted to the toe of the slope 1, the vibration wave acts on the energy-absorbing beam 721, forcing the energy-absorbing boxes 723 and the energy-absorbing springs 724 at both ends of the energy-absorbing beam 721 to deform, thereby effectively absorbing the vibration wave and reducing the impact of the vibration wave on the slope 1.

[0034] The protection mechanism 5 includes a protection plate 51, which is fixed to the terrain surface 4 by multiple ground nails 52. The protection plate 51 has a slot at a position corresponding to the trench 41, and a protective net 53 is provided on the inner side of the slot on the protection plate 51.

[0035] Specifically, the protective plate 51 is fixed to the terrain surface 4 by multiple ground nails 52, ensuring the stability of the installation of the protective plate 51. When the trench 41 is used for drainage, a groove is made in the protective plate 51, and a protective net 53 is installed at the groove. The protective net has the function of letting water pass through and also prevents large foreign objects from falling into the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism 7, thereby preventing the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism 7 from failing.

[0036] The slope protection mechanism 2 includes a lower protection plate 23 and an upper protection plate 21. The upper protection plate 21 is located above the lower protection plate 23, and the bottom of the upper protection plate 21 is connected to the lower protection plate 23 through multiple buffer springs 22.

[0037] The upper baffle 21 has multiple through holes arranged in a rectangular array, and the diameter of each through hole is 1 cm.

[0038] Specifically, the upper baffle 21 acts as a barrier against falling rocks and landslides on the slope 1, while the lower baffle 23 provides support for the upper baffle 21. The multiple buffer springs 22 installed between the upper baffle 21 and the lower baffle 23 provide buffering and energy absorption when the upper baffle 21 comes into contact with falling rocks or landslides on the slope 1, thereby reducing the impact force of falling rocks and landslides on the upper baffle 21 and the lower baffle 23.

[0039] When the landslide body of slope 1 is blocked by the slope protection mechanism 2, the water in the landslide body will flow through the multiple through holes in a rectangular array on the upper baffle plate 21 and flow towards the foot of slope 1 to reduce the weight of the landslide body and prevent the slope protection mechanism 2 from failing due to excessive load applied by the landslide body.

[0040] One end of the lower baffle 23 is connected to the protection mechanism 5 through multiple connectors 3, and the connectors 3 are hinges.

[0041] The tilt adjustment mechanism 6 includes two support rods 61 and two square steel bars 62. The two square steel bars 62 are arranged side by side and fixed on the protective plate 51. The arrangement direction of the square steel bars 62 is perpendicular to the direction of the slope 1. Multiple slots are evenly spaced on the top of the square steel bars 62. One end of each of the two support rods 61 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lower baffle plate 23, and the other end is abutted against the slots on the top of the two square steel bars 62.

[0042] Specifically, the support rod 61 is a round or square tube filled with high-strength concrete to ensure that the support rod 61 has high strength and rigidity.

[0043] The two support rods 61 are connected at their midpoints by a crossbar (not shown in the figure). This facilitates synchronous adjustment of the swing angle of the support rods 61, which helps improve the adjustment efficiency of the tilt angle of the slope protection mechanism 2.

Claims

1. An active energy-absorbing slope protection structure for mine blasting, characterized in that: It includes a slope (1) and a slope protection mechanism (2). A ditch (41) is provided on the topographic surface (4) at the foot of the slope (1) along the direction of the slope (1). An energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism (7) is provided in the ditch (41). A protective mechanism (5) is fixedly provided on the topographic surface (4) to cover the ditch (41). One end of the slope protection mechanism (2) is movably connected to the protective mechanism (5) through several connectors (3), and the other end is connected to the protective mechanism (5) through an angle adjustment mechanism (6).

2. The active energy-absorbing mine blasting slope protection structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism (7) includes a U-shaped bracket (71) and an energy dissipation and vibration reduction component (72). The energy dissipation and vibration reduction component (72) is located inside the U-shaped bracket (71) and is connected to the two side walls of the U-shaped bracket (71).

3. The active energy-absorbing mine blasting slope protection structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape and size of the U-shaped support (71) are adapted to the cross-sectional shape and size of the trench (41). The U-shaped support (71) includes a base plate (711), a rear baffle (712) and a front baffle (713). The rear baffle (712) and the front baffle (713) are arranged side by side on the base plate (711), and the front baffle (713) is located between the rear baffle (712) and the slope (1).

4. The active energy-absorbing mine blasting slope protection structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The energy dissipation and vibration reduction assembly (72) includes an energy-absorbing beam (721), which is fixedly mounted on the front baffle (713). Both ends of the energy-absorbing beam (721) are fixedly provided with connecting blocks (722). An energy-absorbing box (723) is fixedly mounted on the side of the connecting block (722) near the rear baffle (712). An energy-absorbing spring (724) is connected to one end of the energy-absorbing box (723) away from the connecting block (722). The end of the energy-absorbing spring (724) away from the energy-absorbing box (723) is fixedly connected to the rear baffle (712) through an energy-absorbing support (725) and a connecting plate (726).

5. The active energy-absorbing mine blasting slope protection structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The protection mechanism (5) includes a protection plate (51), which is fixed to the terrain surface (4) by multiple ground nails (52). The protection plate (51) has a slot at a position corresponding to the trench (41), and a protective net (53) is provided on the inside of the slot on the protection plate (51).

6. The active energy-absorbing mine blasting slope protection structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The slope protection mechanism (2) includes a lower baffle (23) and an upper baffle (21). The upper baffle (21) is located on the upper side of the lower baffle (23), and the bottom of the upper baffle (21) is connected to the lower baffle (23) through multiple buffer springs (22).

7. The active energy-absorbing mine blasting slope protection structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The upper baffle (21) has multiple through holes arranged in a rectangular array, and the diameter of the through holes is 1 cm.

8. The active energy-absorbing mine blasting slope protection structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the lower baffle (23) is connected to the protection mechanism (5) through multiple connectors (3), and the connectors (3) are hinges.

9. The active energy-absorbing mine blasting slope protection structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The tilt adjustment mechanism (6) includes two support rods (61) and two square steel bars (62). The two square steel bars (62) are arranged side by side and fixed on the protective plate (51). The arrangement direction of the square steel bars (62) is perpendicular to the slope (1). Multiple slots are opened at equal intervals on the top of the square steel bars (62). One end of each of the two support rods (61) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lower baffle (23), and the other end is abutted against the slots on the top of the two square steel bars (62).

10. The active energy-absorbing mine blasting slope protection structure as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The two support rods (61) are connected at their midpoints by a crossbar.

Images