Chiseling-free template for reserved anchor bolt hole of nuclear island equipment and anchor bolt hole forming method

Abstract

The invention provides a chiseling-free template for reserved anchor bolt holes of nuclear island equipment and an anchor bolt hole forming method.The chiseling-free template comprises a body, the body comprises four steel side plates, the adjacent steel side plates are connected through connecting pieces, the connecting pieces extend in the length direction of the steel side plates, and the length of the connecting pieces corresponds to the length of the steel side plates; the steel side plates and the connecting pieces define a containing cavity used for forming a reserved anchor bolt hole. A plurality of forming parts are arranged on the side wall, away from the containing cavity, of each steel side plate, the body is configured to be integrally formed with a concrete foundation of the nuclear island equipment in a pouring mode, and after pouring is completed, the body is dismantled to form the reserved anchor bolt holes; wherein the forming part is used for enabling the inner wall of the poured concrete to form a rough interface engaged with a secondary grouting layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear power plant construction technology, specifically to a roughening-free template and a method for forming anchor bolt holes for pre-reserved anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment. Background Technology

[0002] A large passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant is a highly integrated and structurally complex system engineering project. During the construction of the nuclear power plant, various key equipment need to be precisely installed inside the nuclear island and firmly fixed to the concrete foundation with anchor bolts.

[0003] To ensure smooth equipment installation, anchor bolt holes are typically pre-drilled before concrete pouring. Since the anchor bolt holes need to be slightly larger than the anchor bolt itself to meet alignment and adjustment requirements, secondary grouting is necessary to fill the annular gap between the anchor bolt and the hole wall using high-strength concrete or mortar. This ensures effective force transfer and structural stability.

[0004] To ensure good bonding between the secondary pouring material and the original concrete matrix, the specifications require that the inner wall of the reserved hole be treated before grouting, and roughening is an important process to improve the bonding strength between the old and new concrete.

[0005] However, the pre-drilled anchor bolt holes in most equipment within nuclear power plants are characterized by small diameter and large depth, severely limiting the working space. Traditional manual roughening methods are not only labor-intensive and inefficient, but also struggle to ensure the uniformity and integrity of the roughening inside deep holes, posing potential quality risks and affecting the overall safety and durability of the structure.

[0006] Based on this, the inventors of this application propose a roughening-free template and a method for forming anchor bolt holes for reserved anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment, in order to solve one or more of the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution: This invention provides a roughened template for pre-drilling anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment, comprising: The body includes four steel side plates, which are connected to each other by connectors. The connectors extend along the length of the steel side plates and their lengths correspond to the lengths of the steel side plates. The steel side plates and the connectors together form a cavity for forming pre-reserved anchor bolt holes. Each of the steel side plates has multiple forming parts on the side wall away from the accommodating cavity. The main body is configured to be integrally cast with the concrete foundation of the nuclear island equipment and then removed after casting to form the reserved anchor bolt holes. The forming part is used to create a rough interface on the inner wall of the poured concrete that interlocks with the secondary grouting layer.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the steel side plate and the connector are detachably connected by mortise and tenon joints.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the body is a square cylindrical structure, and the body has a first end and a second end along its length extension direction. The first end is located at the bottom side of the reserved anchor bolt hole during casting, and the second end is located at the opening side of the reserved anchor bolt hole. The connector has a pull ring at the end near the second end.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the steel side plate is provided with at least one mating nut on the outer side near the second end, and the mating nut is fixedly connected to the steel side plate; The steel side plate has a mating hole that is coaxial with the mating nut. The mating nut is used to connect with the sealing bolt during casting or the top support bolt after casting.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the steel side plate is provided with at least two mating nuts along its width direction, and the at least two mating nuts are evenly spaced along the width direction of the steel side plate.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a splicing gap is formed at the joint between the steel side plate and the connector, and the body further includes a grout-stopping strip covering the outside of the splicing gap.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of formed portions extend along the width direction and the length direction of the steel side plate, respectively.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the forming part is circular, and the spacing between adjacent forming parts is consistent along the width and length directions of the steel side plate.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the molding part is a groove or a protrusion structure.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for forming pre-reserved anchor bolt holes for nuclear island equipment, employing the method for forming pre-reserved anchor bolt holes for nuclear island equipment as described above, the forming method comprising: Step 1: Cast the roughened template and the concrete foundation of the nuclear island equipment together as a single unit; Step 2: By sequentially removing the connectors and steel side plates, pre-reserved anchor bolt holes with a rough interface are formed on the concrete foundation of the nuclear island equipment.

[0017] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a roughened template for pre-reserved anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment. Utilizing multiple forming sections on the sidewall of the accommodating cavity, separated from the steel side plate, a rough interface is directly formed on the inner wall of the concrete during the integral casting of the main body and the concrete foundation of the nuclear island equipment. This eliminates the need for subsequent manual roughening, effectively solving technical challenges such as limited roughening space, high labor intensity, and poor interface uniformity caused by the large depth and small cross-section of the pre-reserved anchor bolt holes in the nuclear island. This significantly improves construction efficiency. Furthermore, the design of removing the main body after integral casting, combined with a neat accommodating cavity structure, avoids quality risks caused by improper interface treatment in traditional construction, enhances the bond strength between the secondary grouting layer and the original concrete substrate, ensures the structural stability and durability of the anchor bolt fixation in the nuclear island equipment, simplifies the construction process, and improves the safety and operability of nuclear power engineering construction. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the no-scraping template for pre-drilled anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The front view of the roughened template used for pre-drilled anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of a roughened template used for pre-drilling anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A top view of the roughened template used for pre-drilling anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the method for forming pre-reserved anchor bolt holes for nuclear island equipment according to the present invention.

[0019] 1. Body; 11. Receiving cavity; 12. First end; 13. Second end; 14. Seal-stopping strip; 2. Steel side plate; 21. Forming part; 22. Matching nut; 23. Matching hole; 24. Sealing bolt; 25. Top support bolt; 3. Connecting parts; 31. Pull ring; 32. Splicing gap. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. More details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can obviously be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions and derivations based on actual application situations without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be limited by the content of this specific embodiment.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0022] In the installation of nuclear island equipment in large passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants, the small diameter and large depth of the reserved anchor bolt holes result in limited space for manual roughening operations, high labor intensity, and difficulty in ensuring the uniformity and integrity of interface treatment, which in turn seriously affects the bonding strength of secondary grouting and structural safety.

[0023] Based on this, such as Figure 1 As shown, this application proposes a roughening-free template for pre-reserved anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment, including a body 1. The body 1 includes four steel side plates 2. Adjacent steel side plates 2 are connected by connectors 3. The connectors 3 extend along the length direction of the steel side plates 2 and their length corresponds to the length of the steel side plates 2. The steel side plates 2 and the connectors 3 enclose and form a receiving cavity 11 for forming the pre-reserved anchor bolt holes.

[0024] The main body 1 has a square cylindrical structure, and its length and circumferential dimensions correspond to the size and depth of the anchor bolt holes to be reserved. The specific shape can be adjusted according to the shape and size of the anchor bolt holes to be reserved, and is not limited here. The above "correspondence" means that the lengths are the same or basically the same. For example, the lengths of the steel side plate 2 and the connector 3 are the same or basically the same.

[0025] The steel side plate 2 and the connector 3 can be detachably connected, specifically by mortise and tenon joint or plug-in joint, which is not limited here.

[0026] For details, please refer to Figure 2 The connector 3 is connected to the steel side plate 2 via a mortise and tenon joint. This detachable mortise and tenon connection ensures a more secure and tighter joint between adjacent steel side plates 2, effectively resisting lateral pressure during concrete pouring and preventing anchor hole misalignment caused by loose joints. Furthermore, the detachable design, combined with the interlocking characteristics of the mortise and tenon structure, eliminates the need for forceful prying during disassembly compared to traditional bolted connections. This reduces damage to the steel side plate 2 and the already formed concrete, thereby increasing the reusability of the formwork.

[0027] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Each steel side plate 2 has multiple forming parts 21 on its side wall away from the accommodating cavity 11. The main body 1 is configured to be integrally cast with the concrete foundation of the nuclear island equipment and is removed after casting to form reserved anchor bolt holes. The forming part 21 is used to make the inner wall of the cast concrete form a rough interface that interlocks with the secondary grouting layer.

[0028] This application utilizes the forming part 21 on the steel side plate 2 to directly form a rough interface during integral casting, completely eliminating the traditional manual roughening process. It effectively solves the technical problems of limited roughening space, high labor intensity, and poor interface uniformity caused by the large depth and small cross-section of the anchor bolt holes in the nuclear island. It significantly improves construction efficiency, while ensuring the consistency and reliability of the rough interface, enhancing the bonding strength between the secondary grouting layer and the concrete matrix, and thus ensuring the structural stability of the anchor bolt fixing of the nuclear island equipment.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the body 1 has a first end 12 and a second end 13 along its length. The first end 12 is located at the bottom side of the reserved anchor bolt hole during casting, and the second end 13 is located at the opening side of the reserved anchor bolt hole. The connector 3 has a pull ring 31 at the end near the second end 13.

[0030] In response to the scenario where the anchor bolt holes in the nuclear island are deep and the operating space is limited, a pull ring 31 is set at the second end 13 of the main body 1. This allows the connector 3 to be pulled and removed without having to go deep into the hole, which facilitates the further removal of the steel side plate 2. This reduces the difficulty of disassembly and improves the safety and operability of construction.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The steel side plate 2 has at least one mating nut 22 on the outer side near the second end 13. The mating nut 22 is fixedly connected to the steel side plate 2. The steel side plate 2 has a mating hole 23 that is coaxial with the mating nut 22. The mating nut 22 is used to connect with the sealing bolt 24 during casting or the top support bolt 25 after casting.

[0032] When the main body 1 is cast integrally with the concrete foundation, the sealing bolt 24, fixed with the mating nut 22, effectively seals the mating hole 23 and the inner cavity of the mating nut 22, thereby preventing cement grout leakage. After casting, the top support bolt 25 can engage with the mating nut 22, using threaded transmission to achieve precise control of the top support force. Compared with traditional hammering demolding, it can smoothly apply the top support force to gradually detach the steel side plate 2 from the concrete, avoiding structural damage and improving the controllability and safety of the demolding process.

[0033] Optionally, the length of the sealing bolt 24 needs to correspond to the sum of the thickness of the mating nut 22 and the thickness of the steel side plate 2. This prevents cement grout from seeping into the receiving cavity 11 through the mating nut 22 and the mating hole 23. Moreover, the sealing bolt 24 can also prevent concrete from clogging the mating nut 22, facilitating the subsequent installation of the top support bolt 25 and improving the assembly and disassembly efficiency of the roughened formwork.

[0034] Furthermore, the steel side plate 2 is provided with at least two mating nuts 22 along its width direction, and the at least two mating nuts 22 are evenly spaced along the width direction of the steel side plate 2. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, each steel side plate 2 is provided with three mating nuts 22 along the width direction. In other optional embodiments, the number of mating nuts 22 can also be two, four or more, which can be adjusted according to actual needs and is not limited here.

[0035] By evenly spacing at least two mating nuts 22 along the width of the steel side plate 2, the corresponding number of top support bolts 25 can be applied simultaneously during demolding. This allows the steel side plate 2 to be evenly separated from the concrete along the width, thereby preventing the steel side plate 2 from bending or the inner wall of the concrete from being damaged due to excessive local stress. This ensures that the inner wall of the anchor bolt hole is flat and without defects, thus improving the efficiency and safety of demolding the roughened formwork.

[0036] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The steel side plate 2 and the connector 3 form a splicing gap 32 at the splicing point, and the body 1 also includes a grout-stopping strip 14 covering the outside of the splicing gap 32.

[0037] The grout-stopping tape 14 is used to cover and seal the splicing gap 32 to effectively prevent cement grout leakage during concrete pouring, ensure the forming quality of the reserved anchor bolt holes, and reduce subsequent repair work. Furthermore, the grout-stopping tape 14 can prevent the grout from bonding to the body 1 after curing in the splicing gap 32, reducing resistance during demolding, avoiding damage to the formwork or difficulty in disassembly due to grout adhesion, and further improving construction efficiency and the reusability of the body 1.

[0038] In one embodiment, a plurality of forming portions 21 extend along the width direction and the length direction of the steel side plate 2, respectively.

[0039] By extending the forming part 21 along the width and length of the steel side plate 2, the rough interface formed on the inner wall of the concrete after pouring can be arranged in a matrix network. Compared with the forming structure in a single direction, the contact area with the secondary grouting layer is larger and the interlocking is tighter, which can significantly improve the bonding strength between the old and new concrete and enhance the structural load-bearing stability.

[0040] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the forming part 21 is circular, and the spacing between adjacent forming parts 21 is consistent along the width and length directions of the steel side plate 2.

[0041] The circular cross-section forming part 21 can avoid stress concentration damage to concrete caused by sharp edges and corners. After pouring, the protrusions or grooves on the inner wall of the concrete are smoothly transitioned, which can not only ensure the interlocking effect of the rough interface, but also prevent structural cracking caused by stress concentration during use.

[0042] Setting adjacent forming parts 21 with the same spacing can make the distribution of rough interfaces more uniform. During secondary grouting, the grout can fill evenly and interlock with the rough surface, resulting in more balanced force transmission. This can improve the overall stability of the structure. At the same time, the regular size design facilitates the standardized production of templates and helps to reduce processing errors.

[0043] That is, the molding part 21 is a groove or a protrusion structure.

[0044] In some other embodiments, the forming part 21 may also be a mixed structure of grooves and protrusions. For example, grooves and protrusions may be provided intersectingly on each steel side plate 2, or grooves may be provided on one steel side plate 2 and protrusions may be provided on another steel side plate 2. The arrangement of the forming part 21 is not limited here.

[0045] The working process of the no-scraping template of this application is described below: Before concrete pouring, four sets of grooved steel side plates 2 are assembled into a complete body structure 1 using connectors 3 at the reserved anchor bolt holes. During assembly, sealing bolts 24 pass through mating holes 23 at the top of the steel side plates 2 and are screwed into mating nuts 22 pre-welded to the outside of the steel side plates 2, ensuring that the ends of the sealing bolts 24 are flush with the outer surface of the mating nuts 22. Subsequently, grout-stopping tape 14 is wrapped around the splicing gap 32 between the steel side plates 2 and the connectors 3 to form an effective seal and prevent cement grout leakage during pouring. The formwork operation is then completed. It can be seen that during formwork erection, release agent can be applied to both the circumference of the connectors 3 and the circumference of the steel side plates 2, thereby facilitating smooth demolding later.

[0046] After the concrete is poured and reaches the specified strength, the formwork removal stage begins.

[0047] First, by pulling out the pull rings 31 on the connectors 3, four sets of connectors 3 are pulled out in sequence, disengaging the tenon and mortise connections between adjacent steel side plates 2, forming an initial gap and releasing structural constraints. Then, the sealing bolts 24 on the upper part of the steel side plates 2 are unscrewed and replaced with top support bolts 25, which are screwed into the mating holes 23 on the upper part of the steel side plates 2. The ends of the top support bolts 25 gradually extend outwards, pressing against the surrounding hardened concrete wall. The reaction force gradually pushes the steel side plates 2 away from the concrete surface, causing a continuously expanding gap to form between the steel side plates 2 and the concrete. As the four sets of steel side plates 2 are detached in sequence under pressure, a non-destructive and efficient demolding is finally achieved.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 5 The present invention also proposes a method for forming pre-reserved anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment, using the above-mentioned roughened template for pre-reserved anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment, and the forming method includes: S1. The roughened template is cast as a single piece with the concrete foundation of the nuclear island equipment.

[0049] That is, in the concrete foundation pouring area of ​​the nuclear island equipment, four steel side plates are first assembled into a complete body through connectors. A grout-stopping strip is wrapped around the splicing gap between the steel side plates and the connectors. The sealing and positioning of the body is achieved by the cooperation of sealing bolts and matching nuts. Then the body and the concrete foundation of the nuclear island equipment are poured together as a whole.

[0050] S2. By sequentially removing the connectors and steel side plates, pre-reserved anchor bolt holes with a rough interface are formed on the concrete foundation of the nuclear island equipment.

[0051] That is, after the concrete reaches the specified strength, all the connectors are removed one by one through the pull ring on the connector, then the sealing bolts on the steel side plate are unscrewed and replaced with top support bolts, and then the top support bolts are tightened so that one end is pressed against the concrete wall. The reaction force is used to gradually push the steel side plate away from the concrete surface. The four steel side plates are removed one by one, thereby forming a reserved anchor bolt hole with a rough interface on the concrete foundation of the nuclear island equipment.

[0052] The molding method proposed in this application relies on the structural advantages of the aforementioned non-scraping template. The integrated casting process can ensure that the reserved anchor bolt holes are tightly bonded to the concrete foundation, avoiding connection defects caused by secondary construction.

[0053] Moreover, the molding method of this application eliminates the need for manual roughening, significantly shortening the construction cycle and reducing labor intensity. At the same time, it can ensure the quality of the rough interface and the molding accuracy of the anchor bolt holes, fully meeting the high-quality, high-efficiency, and high-safety construction requirements of nuclear island engineering.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms such as "installation", "connection", "joining", and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can also refer to mechanical connections. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0055] This application uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the application. Terms such as "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that references to "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" in different locations throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the application can be appropriately combined.

[0056] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the invention, fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roughened template for pre-drilling anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment, characterized in that, include: The body includes four steel side plates, which are connected to each other by connectors. The connectors extend along the length of the steel side plates and their lengths correspond to the lengths of the steel side plates. The steel side plates and the connectors together form a cavity for forming pre-reserved anchor bolt holes. Each of the steel side plates has multiple forming parts on the side wall away from the accommodating cavity. The main body is configured to be integrally cast with the concrete foundation of the nuclear island equipment and then removed after casting to form the reserved anchor bolt holes. The forming part is used to create a rough interface on the inner wall of the poured concrete that interlocks with the secondary grouting layer.

2. The roughened template for pre-drilled anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel side plate and the connector are detachably connected by mortise and tenon joints.

3. The roughened template for pre-drilled anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The body is a square cylindrical structure. The body has a first end and a second end along its length. The first end is located at the bottom side of the reserved anchor bolt hole during casting, and the second end is located at the opening side of the reserved anchor bolt hole. The connector has a pull ring at the end near the second end.

4. The roughened template for pre-drilled anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steel side plate is provided with at least one mating nut near the outer side of the second end, and the mating nut is fixedly connected to the steel side plate; The steel side plate has a mating hole that is coaxial with the mating nut. The mating nut is used to connect with the sealing bolt during casting or the top support bolt after casting.

5. The roughened template for pre-drilled anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The steel side plate is provided with at least two mating nuts along its width direction, and the at least two mating nuts are evenly spaced along the width direction of the steel side plate.

6. The roughened template for pre-drilled anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel side plate and the connector form a splicing gap at the joint, and the body also includes a grout-stopping strip covering the outside of the splicing gap.

7. The roughened template for pre-drilled anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of the formed portions extend along the width direction and the length direction of the steel side plate, respectively.

8. The roughened template for pre-drilled anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the forming part is circular, and the spacing between adjacent forming parts is consistent along the width and length directions of the steel side plate.

9. The roughened template for pre-drilled anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The forming part is a groove or a protrusion structure.

10. A method for forming pre-reserved anchor bolt holes for nuclear island equipment, characterized in that, Using the roughened template for pre-drilled anchor bolt holes in nuclear island equipment as described in any one of claims 1-9, the forming method includes: Step 1: Cast the roughened template and the concrete foundation of the nuclear island equipment together as a single unit; Step 2: By sequentially removing the connectors and steel side plates, pre-reserved anchor bolt holes with a rough interface are formed on the concrete foundation of the nuclear island equipment.

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