Stud tension-shear test piece, stud tension-shear test device and stud tension-shear test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a stud tension-shear test piece, a stud tension-shear test device and a stud tension-shear test method, which can prevent the bottoms of two concrete slabs from opening towards two sides when the stud tension-shear test piece is subjected to downward pressure, so that the accurate tension-shear resistance of a to-be-tested stud can be obtained through the stud tension-shear test piece. The stud tension shear test piece comprises a concrete plate, a structure bearing plate, a to-be-tested stud and a horizontal loading device. The number of the to-be-tested studs is multiple. The horizontal loading device comprises a tension loading assembly and a horizontal limiting assembly; the tension loading assembly is arranged between the two concrete slabs and is used for simultaneously applying outward thrust to the inner sides of the two concrete slabs so as to generate preset tension on each stud to be tested; the horizontal limiting assembly penetrates through the bottoms of the two concrete slabs, then is fixed to the outer sides of the two concrete slabs, abuts against the outer sides of the two concrete slabs and is used for limiting the positions of the bottoms of the two concrete slabs on the outer sides of the two concrete slabs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tensile shear testing technology, specifically relating to a stud tensile shear specimen, a stud tensile shear testing device, and a stud tensile shear testing method. Background Technology

[0002] Steel-concrete composite structures refer to components in which steel plates and concrete slabs are connected as a whole by shear connectors. Studs are one of the most commonly used shear connectors in steel-concrete composite structures. They can effectively resist the relative slippage and separation between the steel plate and the concrete. Studs in concrete will simultaneously bear tangential force and axial force, which is a stress state of tension and shear combined action. The stress situation is complex. In order to determine whether the studs meet the service conditions, it is necessary to study the tensile and shear performance of the studs.

[0003] The push-out test is currently the most commonly used experimental method by scholars both domestically and internationally to study the shear resistance of studs. The test is conducted using a push-out specimen, which is prepared by welding studs to the flanges on both sides of an I-beam and then encasing the studs in concrete. After the specimen is prepared, an axial load is applied to the I-beam extending above the concrete surface, causing the studs between the I-beam and the concrete to eventually shear off. This allows the determination of the stud's shear capacity, shear stiffness, and other mechanical properties.

[0004] However, the push-out test can only measure the shear capacity of the stud under pure shear conditions. Existing studies on the shear performance of studs under combined tension and shear are mostly modifications of the push-out test. The existing modified tension-shear test apparatus simply places a jack between two concrete slabs to apply tension to the stud, and displays the pressure between the jack and the concrete slabs using a pressure gauge, taking this pressure as the stud's tension value. However, when the pushed-out specimen is subjected to a downward thrust, the bottoms of the two concrete slabs in the tension-shear test apparatus tilt and open to the sides. This causes a significant deviation between the actual tension of the stud in the pushed-out specimen and the value displayed on the pressure gauge, making it difficult to accurately obtain the stud's tensile and shear resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art by providing a stud tensile-shear specimen, a stud tensile-shear test device, and a stud tensile-shear test method, which can prevent the bottom of the two concrete slabs from opening to both sides when the stud tensile-shear specimen is subjected to downward pressure, thereby obtaining the accurate tensile-shear performance of the stud to be tested through the stud tensile-shear specimen.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a stud tensile-shear specimen, comprising a concrete slab, a structural support plate, studs to be tested, and a horizontal loading device. Two concrete slabs are provided, arranged opposite to each other. The structural support plate is positioned between the two concrete slabs. Multiple studs are provided, arranged in pairs; each stud is fixed inside one of the two concrete slabs and fixedly connected to both sides of the structural support plate. The horizontal loading device includes a tension loading component and a horizontal limiting component; the tension loading component is positioned between the two concrete slabs and applies an outward thrust to the inner sides of both slabs simultaneously to generate a preset tension on each stud; the horizontal limiting component penetrates the bottom of both concrete slabs and is fixed to the outer sides of both slabs, abutting against the outer sides of both slabs, thereby limiting the position of the bottom of the two concrete slabs on their outer sides.

[0007] In some embodiments, the number of the tension loading components is multiple, and / or the number of the horizontal limiting components is multiple.

[0008] In some embodiments, each of the two concrete slabs has a through hole at its bottom. The horizontal limiting assembly includes a fixing rod and fixing blocks. The fixing rod passes horizontally through the through holes to the bottom of both concrete slabs, and the outer diameter of the fixing rod is smaller than the diameter of the through holes. Two fixing blocks are used; each fixing block is fixed to one end of the fixing rod and abuts against the outer side of the two concrete slabs to define the position of the bottom of the two concrete slabs on their outer sides.

[0009] In some embodiments, the tension loading assembly includes a first jack and a first pressure gauge. The first jack is disposed between the two concrete slabs and is used to simultaneously apply an outward thrust to the inner sides of the two concrete slabs. The first pressure gauge is disposed between the first jack and one of the concrete slabs and is used to detect the value of the force between the first jack and the concrete slab, so as to generate a preset tension on each of the test studs by adjusting the first jack.

[0010] In some embodiments, the tension loading assembly further includes a compression spring. The compression spring is disposed on the side of the first pressure gauge away from the first jack.

[0011] In some embodiments, there are multiple tension loading components and multiple horizontal limiting components, with each of the multiple horizontal limiting components and multiple tension loading components corresponding to one another. The compression spring, the first pressure gauge, and the first jack in each tension loading component are all sleeved on the outside of the fixing rod of the corresponding horizontal limiting component.

[0012] In some embodiments, the stud shear test specimen further includes a rolling plate. The rolling plate is disposed beneath one of the concrete slabs to allow the concrete slab to move on the rolling plate in a direction away from the other concrete slab.

[0013] In some embodiments, each of the concrete slabs is provided with reinforcing ribs.

[0014] Therefore, the stud tensile-shear specimen provided in this embodiment of the invention, by setting up a concrete slab, a structural support plate, and a stud to be tested, with the two concrete slabs arranged opposite each other and the structural support plate positioned between the two concrete slabs, and multiple studs to be tested arranged in pairs, each stud to be tested is fixed inside the two concrete slabs and fixedly connected to both sides of the structural support plate, can fix the stud to be tested between the concrete slab and the structural support plate, so that the shear resistance of the stud to be tested can be tested through the stud tensile-shear specimen when a downward pressure is applied to the structural support plate. By setting up a tensile loading component and placing the tensile loading component between the two concrete slabs, an outward thrust can be applied to the inner side of the two concrete slabs simultaneously through the tensile loading component, so as to generate a preset tensile force on each stud to be tested, thereby testing the tensile-shear resistance of the stud to be tested through the stud tensile-shear specimen when a downward pressure is applied to the structural support plate. Furthermore, by setting a horizontal limiting component and fixing it through the bottom of the two concrete slabs to the outside of the two concrete slabs, and abutting against the outside of both concrete slabs, the horizontal limiting component can limit the position of the bottom of the two concrete slabs on the outside of the two concrete slabs. This prevents the bottom of the two concrete slabs from opening to both sides when the stud tensile shear specimen is subjected to downward pressure, and avoids the deviation between the actual tensile force value on the stud to be tested and the preset tensile force value in the stud tensile shear specimen. Therefore, the accurate tensile and shear performance of the stud to be tested can be obtained through this stud tensile shear specimen.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a stud tensile-shear testing apparatus, which includes the stud tensile-shear specimen from the first aspect and a vertical loading device. The vertical loading device is disposed above the structural support plate of the stud tensile-shear specimen and is used to apply downward pressure to the structural support plate and detect the value of the downward pressure in real time to observe the tensile-shear performance of the stud to be tested.

[0016] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for a stud tensile-shear test. This method uses the stud tensile-shear test apparatus described in the claims. The method includes: simultaneously applying an outward thrust to the inner side of two concrete slabs through a tension loading component to generate a preset tension on each stud to be tested; inserting a horizontal limiting component through the bottom of the two concrete slabs and abutting against the outer side of the two concrete slabs respectively to limit the opening angle of the two concrete slabs on the outer side; applying a downward pressure to the structural bearing plate through a vertical loading device and detecting the value of the downward pressure in real time to observe the tensile-shear performance of the stud to be tested.

[0017] The stud tensile-shear test device and stud tensile-shear test method provided in this embodiment of the invention have the same beneficial effects as the stud tensile-shear test specimens described above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this invention, the accompanying drawings used in some embodiments of this invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely drawings of some embodiments of this invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings. Furthermore, the drawings described below can be considered schematic diagrams and are not intended to limit the actual dimensions of the products involved in the embodiments of this invention.

[0019] Figure 1 : A structural diagram of a stud tensile-shear testing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 : A side view of a stud tensile shear specimen provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 : A structural diagram of a horizontal loading device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 : A top view of a concrete slab provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 : A top view of a rolling plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 : A side view of a rolling plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 : A structural diagram of a vertical loading device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Among them, 1-Structural bearing plate; 2-Concrete slab; 3-Stud to be tested; 4-Vertical loading device; 5-Horizontal loading device; 6-Rolling plate; 7-Adjusting pad; 8-Through hole; 9-Longitudinal reinforcement; 10-Stirrup; 11-Second jack; 12-First pressure gauge; 13-Fixing rod; 14-First jack; 15-Compression spring; 16-Fixing block; 17-Roller limiting plate; 18-Roller; 19-Second pressure gauge. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in some embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided by the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is interpreted as open-ended and encompassing, meaning "including, but not limited to." Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0029] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0030] In describing some embodiments, the term "connection" and its derivative expressions may be used. For example, the term "connection" may be used in describing some embodiments to indicate that two or more components are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other. The embodiments invented herein are not necessarily limited to the content of this document.

[0031] "A and / or B" includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.

[0032] Exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional views and / or plan views, which are intended as idealized exemplary drawings. The areas shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to show the actual shapes of the areas of the device, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a stud tensile-shear specimen, which is used in stud tensile-shear tests to detect the tensile-shear resistance of studs.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the shear test specimen includes a concrete slab 2, a structural support plate 1, shear studs 3 to be tested, and a horizontal loading device 5. There are two concrete slabs 2, arranged opposite each other. The structural support plate 1 is positioned between the two concrete slabs 2. There are multiple shear studs 3 to be tested, arranged in pairs; each shear stud 3 is fixed inside one of the two concrete slabs 2 and fixedly connected to both sides of the structural support plate 1.

[0036] For example, the structural support plate 1 can be an I-beam.

[0037] For example, the number of pins 3 to be tested can be two, four, eight, etc. Combined with... Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, there are eight bolts 3 to be tested. Four bolts 3 to be tested are fixed to one flange of the I-beam (structural bearing plate 1) by welding, and the other four bolts 3 to be tested are fixed to the other flange of the I-beam (structural bearing plate 1) by welding.

[0038] Furthermore, Figure 1 In the structure, eight test studs 3, fixed on both sides of the I-beam (structural load-bearing plate 1), are symmetrically arranged about the central plane of the I-beam (structural load-bearing plate 1). The four test studs 3 on each side are arranged in two rows, with two test studs 3 in each row.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, each concrete slab 2 is equipped with reinforcing bars.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the reinforcing bars include longitudinal bars 9 and stirrups 10. There are multiple longitudinal bars 9 and multiple stirrups 10, which are tied together to form a cage to strengthen the structural strength of the concrete slab 2.

[0041] When constructing the concrete slab 2, the longitudinal reinforcement 9 and multiple stirrups 10 are first tied into a cage, then a formwork is erected, the studs 3 to be tested are fixed inside the formwork, and concrete is poured. After the concrete solidifies, the concrete slab 2 is formed, and the studs 3 to be tested are fixed in the concrete slab 2. The multiple longitudinal reinforcement 9 and multiple stirrups 10 can strengthen the structural strength of the concrete slab 2.

[0042] It should be noted that the inner sides of the two concrete slabs 2 are in contact with the two sides of the structural bearing plate 1, respectively, to avoid the test stud 3 bending and deforming during the test due to excessive gap between the inner side of the concrete slab 2 and the structural bearing plate 1, so as to avoid affecting the observation of the shear resistance of the test stud 3.

[0043] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, in each concrete slab 2, four test studs 3 are located at the center of the concrete slab 2, so that the concrete slab 2 can provide a better fixing effect for the test studs 3.

[0044] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the top of the structural bearing plate 1 is higher than the concrete slab 2, so that the subsequent vertical loading device 4 can apply downward pressure to the top of the structural bearing plate 1.

[0045] With the above setup, the stud 3 to be tested can be fixed between the concrete slab 2 and the structural bearing plate 1, so that the shear resistance of the stud 3 to be tested can be tested by applying downward pressure to the structural bearing plate 1.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the horizontal loading device 5 includes a tension loading assembly and a horizontal limiting assembly. The tension loading assembly is disposed between the two concrete slabs 2 and is used to simultaneously apply an outward thrust to the inner side of the two concrete slabs 2 to generate a preset tension on each test stud 3. The horizontal limiting assembly passes through the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2 and is fixed to the outer side of the two concrete slabs 2, abutting against the outer side of both concrete slabs 2, and is used to limit the position of the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2 on the outer side of the two concrete slabs 2.

[0047] For example, the tension loading component is a component capable of applying a thrust to the inside of the two concrete slabs 2, such as a jack, electric actuator, etc.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, after the tension loading assembly applies an outward thrust to the inner side of the two concrete slabs 2 simultaneously, the two concrete slabs 2 transfer this thrust to the studs 3 to be tested fixed therein, causing the studs 3 on both sides of the structural bearing plate 1 to tend to move away from each other, thereby generating tension on the studs 3 to be tested; and, by adjusting the value of the thrust applied to the inner side of the two concrete slabs 2 by the tension loading assembly, the tension on the studs 3 to be tested can be adjusted in a linked manner to the preset tension, so that the stud tensile shear specimen can be used to test the tensile and shear performance of the studs 3 to be tested.

[0049] For example, when there are four test studs 3 in each concrete slab 2, and a tensile force of 1kN is required to be generated on each test stud 3, the value of the thrust applied to the inner side of the two concrete slabs 2 by the tension loading component is adjusted to 4kN. At this time, the tensile force value evenly distributed on each test stud 3 is 1kN.

[0050] For example, the number of tension loading components is one, or the number of tension loading components can be multiple.

[0051] When there are multiple tension loading components, multiple tension loading components can simultaneously apply thrust to the inner side of two concrete slabs 2. With the total thrust between the inner sides of the two concrete slabs 2 remaining unchanged, the magnitude of the thrust applied to the concrete slab 2 by each tension loading component can be reduced, thereby achieving the effect of dispersing the force on the concrete slab 2 and preventing damage to a certain part of the concrete slab 2 due to excessive force.

[0052] Combination Figure 1 By setting a horizontal limiting component and ensuring that the horizontal limiting component penetrates the bottom of both concrete slabs 2 and abuts against the outer sides of both concrete slabs 2, when the stud tensile shear specimen is subjected to a downward thrust and the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2 tends to open to both sides, the horizontal limiting component can apply inward pressure to the outer sides of the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2, thus limiting the position of the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2. This prevents the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2 from opening to both sides when the stud tensile shear specimen is subjected to downward pressure, and avoids the deviation between the actual tensile force value on the stud 3 to be tested in the stud tensile shear specimen and the preset tensile force value. Therefore, the accurate tensile and shear performance of the stud 3 to be tested can be obtained through this stud tensile shear specimen.

[0053] For example, the number of horizontal limiting components is one, or the number of horizontal limiting components can be multiple.

[0054] When there are multiple horizontal limit components, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 Multiple horizontal limiting components can simultaneously apply inward pressure to the outer side of the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2, thereby improving the ability to limit the position of the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2.

[0055] Therefore, the stud tensile-shear specimen provided in this embodiment of the invention, by setting up a concrete slab 2, a structural support plate 1, and studs 3 to be tested, with the two concrete slabs 2 facing each other and the structural support plate 1 positioned between the two concrete slabs 2, and multiple studs 3 to be tested arranged in pairs, each stud 3 to be tested is fixed inside the two concrete slabs 2 and fixedly connected to both sides of the structural support plate 1, can fix the studs 3 to be tested between the concrete slabs 2 and the structural support plate 1, so that the shear resistance of the studs 3 to be tested can be tested through the stud tensile-shear specimen when a downward pressure is applied to the structural support plate 1. By setting up a tension loading assembly and positioning the tension loading assembly between the two concrete slabs 2, an outward thrust can be applied to the inner side of the two concrete slabs 2 simultaneously through the tension loading assembly, so as to generate a preset tensile force on each stud 3 to be tested, thereby testing the tensile-shear resistance of the studs 3 to be tested through the stud tensile-shear specimen when a downward pressure is applied to the structural support plate 1. Furthermore, by setting a horizontal limiting component and fixing it to the outside of the two concrete slabs 2 through the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2, and abutting against the outside of both concrete slabs 2, the horizontal limiting component can limit the position of the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2 on the outside of the two concrete slabs 2. This prevents the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2 from opening to both sides when the stud tensile shear specimen is subjected to downward pressure, and avoids the deviation between the actual tensile force value on the stud 3 to be tested in the stud tensile shear specimen and the preset tensile force value. Therefore, the accurate tensile and shear performance of the stud 3 to be tested can be obtained through this stud tensile shear specimen.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, each of the two concrete slabs 2 has a through hole 8 at its bottom. The horizontal limiting assembly includes a fixing rod 13 and a fixing block 16. The fixing rod 13 passes horizontally through the through hole 8 to the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2, and the outer diameter of the fixing rod 13 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole 8. There are two fixing blocks 16; the two fixing blocks 16 are respectively fixed to both ends of the fixing rod 13 and abut against the outer side of the two concrete slabs 2 to limit the position of the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2 on the outer side.

[0057] For example, the diameter of the through hole 8 is 30 mm, and the shortest distance between the through hole 8 and the edge of the concrete slab 2 is greater than 60 mm.

[0058] For example, the process of making the through hole 8 is as follows: before pouring the concrete of the concrete slab 2, a hollow thin steel pipe with an outer diameter of 30mm is placed at the position corresponding to the through hole 8, and oil is applied to the outer wall of the hollow thin steel pipe; then the concrete is poured, and after the concrete has solidified and set, the hollow thin steel pipe is removed to form the through hole 8.

[0059] The fixing rod 13 can be a screw rod with a maximum outer diameter of 25mm, so that the fixing rod 13 can pass through the through hole 8 and move flexibly in the through hole 8; at this time, the fixing block 16 can be a nut, which is threadedly connected to the screw rod, so as to adjust the position of the fixing block 16 on the fixing rod 13, so that after the fixing block 16 is fixed on the fixing rod 13, it just abuts against the outer side of the concrete slab 2, so as to limit the position of the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2.

[0060] With the above settings, the position of the fixing block 16 on the fixing rod 13 can be flexibly set according to the positions of the two poured concrete slabs 2, so as to quickly realize the installation of the horizontal limiting component.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the tension loading assembly includes a first jack 14 and a first pressure gauge 12. The first jack 14 is positioned between two concrete slabs 2 and is used to simultaneously apply an outward thrust to the inner sides of the two concrete slabs 2. The first pressure gauge 12 is positioned between the first jack 14 and one concrete slab 2 and is used to detect the force between the first jack 14 and the concrete slab 2, so that a preset tension can be generated on each test stud 3 by adjusting the first jack 14.

[0062] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first pressure gauge 12 is located at the top of the first jack 14. When the first jack 14 extends, the bottom end of the first jack 14 and the first pressure gauge 12 simultaneously apply an outward thrust to the inner side of the two concrete slabs 2.

[0063] With the above settings, the thrust applied by the first pressure gauge 12 to the inner side of the concrete slab 2 can be adjusted according to the reading of the first pressure gauge 12, thereby accurately adjusting the tensile force generated on each test stud 3.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the tension loading assembly also includes a compression spring 15; the compression spring 15 is disposed on the side of the first pressure gauge 12 away from the first jack 14.

[0065] For example, in the figure, one end of the compression spring 15 abuts against the first pressure gauge 12, and the other end is... Figure 3 The inner side of the concrete slab 2 on the left side of the middle abuts against it.

[0066] With the above settings, the force generated by the first pressure gauge 12 can be transmitted to the concrete slab 2 through the compression spring 15, and good contact can be maintained between the first pressure gauge 12, the first jack 14 and the concrete slab 2. This avoids changes in the value of the thrust applied by the first pressure gauge 12 to the inner side of the two concrete slabs 2 due to slight displacement or deformation of the concrete slab 2 during the test, so as to maintain the stability of the tensile force generated on the stud 3 to be tested.

[0067] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, there are multiple tension loading components and multiple horizontal limiting components, with each horizontal limiting component and tension loading component corresponding to the other. The compression spring 15, the first pressure gauge 12, and the first jack 14 in each tension loading component are all fitted onto the outside of the fixing rod 13 of the corresponding horizontal limiting component.

[0068] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The horizontal limiting component and the tensile loading component are set in pairs, with a total of four pairs.

[0069] In this case, the first pressure gauge 12 can be a ring pressure sensor, and the first jack 14 can be a through-hole jack, so that the first pressure gauge 12 and the first jack 14 can be sleeved on the outside of the fixed rod 13.

[0070] With the above settings, the positions of the compression spring 15, the first pressure gauge 12 and the first jack 14 can be fixed by the fixing rod 13 of the horizontal limiting component, so as to prevent the compression spring 15, the first pressure gauge 12 and the first jack 14 from falling off the concrete slab 2 after the first jack 14 releases its force.

[0071] In some other examples, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when there are four pairs of horizontal limiting components and tensile loading components, two pairs of horizontal limiting components and tensile loading components are set at the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2, and two pairs of horizontal limiting components and tensile loading components are set at the top of the two concrete slabs 2.

[0072] In the existing technology, when the specimen is pushed out and subjected to a downward thrust that causes the stud to break due to shear force, the two concrete slabs usually tilt to the sides, which poses a certain safety hazard.

[0073] In this embodiment, the stud shear test specimen has two pairs of horizontal limiting components and tensile loading components installed at the bottom and top of the concrete slab 2. These components can support and limit the bottom and top of the two concrete slabs 2, preventing them from tilting to the sides and improving safety during the test.

[0074] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the stud shear test specimen also includes a rolling plate 6. The rolling plate 6 is positioned below a concrete slab 2 to allow the concrete slab 2 to move on the rolling plate 6 in a direction away from another concrete slab 2.

[0075] For example, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the rolling plate 6 includes a roller limiting plate 17 and rollers 18. There are two rolling plates 6, each with mounting holes. There are multiple rollers 18, with each roller 18 inserted into the mounting holes of two rolling plates 6 at both ends. Lubricating oil can also be applied to the mounting holes to reduce the resistance when the rollers 18 rotate relative to the rolling plates 6.

[0076] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the extending direction of the roller limiting plate 17 is away from the other concrete slab 2. Figure 1 The direction of the concrete slab 2 on the right side of the middle.

[0077] For example, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the height and width of the roller limiting plate 17 can both be set to 20mm. In this case, the diameter of the mounting hole on the roller limiting plate 17 is 12mm, and the mounting hole is located near the top of the roller limiting plate 17. The outer diameter of the middle part of the roller 18 is 20mm, and the outer diameter of both ends of the roller 18 is 10mm, so that both ends of the roller 18 can be inserted into the mounting holes on the rolling plate 6, and the roller 18 can rotate relative to the roller limiting plate 17. The concrete slab 2 is placed on the roller 18 so that the concrete slab 2 can roll on the roller 18, allowing... Figure 1 The left concrete slab 2 moves relative to the roller limiting plate 17, that is, it moves relative to the right concrete slab 2.

[0078] like Figure 4 As shown, when the concrete slab 2 is a cuboid in shape, and its length is a and its width is b, as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the dimension of the roller limiting plate 17 in the length direction of the concrete slab 2 can be set as a+100, and the dimension of the outer side of the two roller limiting plates 17 in the width direction can be set as b+100. Then, the distance between the inner sides of the two roller limiting plates 17 is: the dimension of the outer side of the two roller limiting plates 17 in the width direction minus the width of the two roller limiting plates 17, i.e., b+100-20×2=b+60, so that the distance between the inner sides of the two roller limiting plates 17 is greater than the width of the concrete slab 2, so that there is enough space between the inner sides of the two roller limiting plates 17 for the concrete slab 2 to roll on the roller 18.

[0079] Figure 1 and Figure 3 In the diagram, with four pairs of horizontal limiting components and tensile loading components, when the reading of each first pressure gauge 12 is 5kN, the force to the left of the concrete slab 2 on the left side of the figure is 5kN × 4 = 20kN. If the concrete slab 2 on the left side is placed directly on the ground, friction will be generated between the concrete slab 2 on the left side and the ground. Assuming this friction is 4kN, the total tensile force generated on the stud 3 under test will only be 20kN - 4kN = 16kN. The tensile force distributed on each stud 3 under test will be 16kN ÷ 4 = 4kN, which will be less than the reading of the first pressure gauge 12 (5kN). This will not accurately reflect the actual tensile force value on the stud 3 under test, thus affecting the accuracy of the tensile and shear performance of the stud 3 under test.

[0080] In this embodiment, the shear test specimen is equipped with a rolling plate 6, which reduces the frictional force of the concrete slab 2 on the rolling plate 6 when it moves away from another concrete slab 2. This reduces the influence of the frictional force between the concrete slab 2 and the ground on the actual tensile force value of the shear test specimen, thereby reducing the deviation between the actual tensile force value and the preset tensile force value of the shear test specimen. This improves the accuracy of the tensile and shear performance of the shear test specimen obtained from the shear test specimen.

[0081] In some examples, such as Figure 1 As shown, in Figure 1 When a rolling plate 6 is installed below the concrete slab 2 on the left side, Figure 1 An adjusting shim 7 is provided below the concrete slab 2 on the right side. The adjusting shim 7 is used to adjust the height of the concrete slab 2 on the right side so that the two concrete slabs 2 are at the same height.

[0082] Example 2:

[0083] This invention also provides a stud tensile-shear test device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the stud tensile-shear test apparatus includes the stud tensile-shear specimen from Example 1 and a vertical loading device 4. The vertical loading device 4 is positioned above the structural support plate 1 of the stud tensile-shear specimen and is used to apply downward pressure to the structural support plate 1 and to detect the value of the downward pressure in real time to observe the tensile-shear performance of the stud 3 to be tested.

[0084] like Figure 7 As shown, the vertical loading device 4 includes a second jack 11 and a second pressure gauge 19. The second jack 11 is fixed above the structural support plate 1 and is used to apply downward pressure to the structural support plate 1. The second pressure gauge 19 is disposed between the second jack 11 and the structural support plate 1 and is used to detect the value of the downward pressure.

[0085] When the vertical loading device 4 applies downward pressure to the structural bearing plate 1, the value of the downward pressure is gradually increased until the test stud 3 is sheared by the downward pressure, thereby observing the tensile and shear performance of the test stud 3 under the preset tension.

[0086] The stud tensile-shear specimen in this embodiment of the invention can prevent the bottoms of the two concrete slabs 2 from opening to both sides, thereby avoiding the deviation between the actual tensile force value on the stud 3 to be tested and the preset tensile force value during the test. Therefore, the stud tensile-shear test device can obtain the accurate tensile-shear performance of the stud 3 to be tested.

[0087] Example 3:

[0088] This invention also provides a method for a stud tensile-shear test, combined with... Figure 1 The method uses the stud tensile-shear test device in Example 1, and the method includes S100-S300.

[0089] S100. Apply an outward thrust to the inner side of both concrete slabs 2 simultaneously through the tension loading assembly to generate a preset tension on each test stud 3.

[0090] After the tension loading assembly applies an outward thrust to the inner side of the two concrete slabs 2 simultaneously, the two concrete slabs 2 transfer the thrust to the test stud 3 fixed therein, causing the test stud 3 on both sides of the structural bearing plate 1 to tend to move away from each other, thereby generating tension on the test stud 3; by adjusting the value of the thrust applied to the inner side of the two concrete slabs 2 by the tension loading assembly, the tension on the test stud 3 can be adjusted to the preset tension.

[0091] For example, there are four test studs 3 in each concrete slab 2. When a preset tensile force of 1kN needs to be generated on the test studs 3, the value of the thrust applied to the inner side of the two concrete slabs 2 by the tension loading component is adjusted to 4kN. At this time, the tensile force evenly distributed on each test stud 3 is 4kN÷4=1kN.

[0092] S200: After the horizontal limiting component passes through the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2, it abuts against the outer side of the two concrete slabs 2 respectively, so as to limit the opening angle of the two concrete slabs 2 on the outer side of the two concrete slabs 2.

[0093] S300. Apply downward pressure to the structural bearing plate 1 through the vertical loading device 4, and detect the value of the downward pressure in real time to observe the tensile and shear performance of the stud 3 to be tested.

[0094] The process of applying downward pressure to the structural bearing plate 1 through the vertical loading device 4 is as follows: the vertical loading device 4 applies downward pressure to the top of the structural bearing plate 1, and continuously increases the value of the downward pressure until the test stud 3 is sheared.

[0095] The opening angle of the two concrete slabs 2 is limited by the horizontal limiting component on the outside of the two concrete slabs 2, thereby preventing the bottom of the two concrete slabs 2 from opening to both sides during the process of the vertical loading device 4 applying downward pressure to the structural bearing plate 1. This also prevents the deviation between the actual tensile force value on the stud 3 to be tested in the stud tensile shear test specimen and the preset tensile force value. Therefore, the accurate tensile and shear performance of the stud 3 to be tested can be obtained through this stud tensile shear test specimen.

[0096] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stud tensile-shear specimen, characterized in that, include: Concrete slabs (2), two in number; The two concrete slabs (2) are arranged opposite each other; A structural load-bearing plate (1) is placed between two concrete slabs (2); Multiple test studs (3) are provided, arranged in pairs; each test stud (3) is fixed inside two concrete slabs (2) and fixedly connected to both sides of the structural bearing plate (1); and, The horizontal loading device (5) includes a tension loading component and a horizontal limiting component; the tension loading component is disposed between the two concrete slabs (2) and is used to simultaneously apply an outward thrust to the inner side of the two concrete slabs (2) to generate a preset tension on each of the test studs (3); the horizontal limiting component passes through the bottom of the two concrete slabs (2) and is fixed to the outer side of the two concrete slabs (2), and abuts against the outer side of the two concrete slabs (2), and is used to limit the position of the bottom of the two concrete slabs (2) on the outer side of the two concrete slabs (2).

2. The stud tensile-shear specimen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the tensile loading components is multiple, and / or the number of the horizontal limiting components is multiple.

3. The stud tensile-shear specimen according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both of the concrete slabs (2) have through holes (8) at their bottoms; The horizontal limiting component includes: A fixing rod (13) horizontally penetrates the bottom of both concrete slabs (2) through the through hole (8), the outer diameter of the fixing rod (13) being smaller than the diameter of the through hole (8); and, Two fixing blocks (16) are provided; the two fixing blocks (16) are fixed to the two ends of the fixing rod (13) respectively and abut against the outer side of the two concrete slabs (2) respectively, so as to define the position of the bottom of the two concrete slabs (2) on the outer side of the two concrete slabs (2).

4. The stud tensile-shear specimen according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tensile loading component includes: The first jack (14) is positioned between the two concrete slabs (2) to simultaneously apply an outward thrust to the inner sides of the two concrete slabs (2); and, A first pressure gauge (12) is set between the first jack (14) and a concrete slab (2) to detect the value of the force between the first jack (14) and the concrete slab (2) so as to generate a preset tension on each of the test studs (3) by adjusting the first jack (14).

5. The stud tensile-shear specimen according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tension loading assembly also includes a compression spring (15). The compression spring (15) is located on the side of the first pressure gauge (12) away from the first jack (14).

6. The stud tensile-shear specimen according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of tensile loading components is multiple, the number of horizontal limiting components is multiple, and the multiple horizontal limiting components and the multiple tensile loading components are configured in a one-to-one correspondence; The compression spring (15), the first pressure gauge (12), and the first jack (14) in each of the tension loading components are sleeved on the outside of the fixing rod (13) of the corresponding horizontal limiting component.

7. The stud tensile-shear specimen according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a rolling plate (6); The rolling plate (6) is disposed below one of the concrete slabs (2) to enable the concrete slab (2) to move on the rolling plate (6) in a direction away from the other concrete slab (2).

8. The stud tensile-shear specimen according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the concrete slabs (2) is provided with reinforcing bars.

9. A stud tensile-shear test device, characterized in that, include: The stud shear test specimen according to any one of claims 1-8; and, A vertical loading device (4) is set above the structural support plate (1) of the stud tensile shear test specimen. It is used to apply downward pressure to the structural support plate (1) and detect the value of the downward pressure in real time to observe the tensile shear performance of the stud (3) to be tested.

10. A method for a stud tensile-shear test, characterized in that, Using the stud tensile-shear test apparatus of claim 9, the method comprises: A pre-set tension is generated on each stud (3) to be tested by simultaneously applying an outward thrust to the inside of the two concrete slabs (2) using a tension loading assembly. After the horizontal limiting component passes through the bottom of the two concrete slabs (2), it abuts against the outer side of the two concrete slabs (2) respectively, so as to limit the opening angle of the two concrete slabs (2) on the outer side of the two concrete slabs (2). A downward pressure is applied to the structural bearing plate (1) by a vertical loading device (4), and the value of the downward pressure is detected in real time to observe the tensile and shear properties of the stud (3) to be tested.

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