Superconducting cavity electron beam welding device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of welding, and discloses a superconducting cavity electron beam welding device which comprises an installation assembly provided with a vacuum welding cavity, a welding gun assembly located in the vacuum welding cavity and a detection control assembly. The welding gun assembly comprises a welding gun mechanism, a pitching adjusting mechanism and a position adjusting mechanism, the fixed end of the pitching adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected into the vacuum welding cavity, the fixed end of the position adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected to the adjusting end of the pitching adjusting mechanism, and the welding gun mechanism is fixedly connected to the adjusting end of the position adjusting mechanism. According to the superconducting cavity electron beam welding device, large-range displacement of an adjusting structure in the transverse direction and the vertical direction is avoided, and therefore the risk that a welding gun collides and interferes with a transverse structure (beam tube) on a to-be-welded part and structures such as a cross beam used for installing a real-time detection device in a vacuum welding cavity in the adjusting process is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding technology, and more specifically to a superconducting cavity electron beam welding device. Background Technology

[0002] Superconducting cavities are key components in high-end scientific devices such as particle accelerators. Their welding quality directly affects the electromagnetic performance, mechanical stability, and long-term operational reliability of the cavity. Since superconducting cavities are usually made of thin-walled metal materials and the welds are mostly annular or complex curved structures, the requirements for weld formation consistency, weld penetration stability, and inner surface quality are extremely high. Electron beam welding is widely used in the manufacturing process of superconducting cavities due to its advantages such as high energy density, small heat-affected zone, and stable weld quality. In actual welding, the superconducting cavity is usually driven by a rotary mechanism to rotate continuously, and the welding torch needs to stably track the curved weld generated by the rotation in the vacuum welding chamber.

[0003] In existing superconducting cavity electron beam welding devices, the welding torch is typically positioned within a vacuum welding chamber. The pitch angle of the torch is adjusted via a pitch control mechanism to match the curved weld seam formed during the rotary welding process of the superconducting cavity, ensuring the electron beam incident direction aligns with the local weld morphology. However, as the torch pitch angle changes, the welding distance between the torch tip and the welding surface also changes. To ensure optimal welding focus and energy coupling conditions, current technologies generally employ a three-axis linkage structure (X / Y / Z) to move the torch's spatial position, thereby compensating for the welding distance. This three-axis linkage adjustment method... Although welding distance recovery can be achieved, when a transverse bundle tube is welded on the superconducting cavity, and a beam or other structure for installing a real-time detection device is also set up in the vacuum welding chamber, the welding torch and its three-axis linkage mechanism are prone to collision and interference with the above-mentioned protruding or transverse components during the adjustment process. In order to reduce the risk of interference, some existing technologies attempt to limit the overall displacement of the welding torch by fixing and clamping the tail end of the welding torch. However, this method has extremely high requirements for the strength and rigidity of the clamping structure. Long-term repeated adjustment and stress can easily lead to deformation or fatigue of the clamping part, thereby causing a decrease in the positioning accuracy of the welding torch, ultimately affecting the welding quality and the service life of the equipment.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies still struggle to balance interference avoidance, structural reliability, and long-term stable welding accuracy in terms of welding torch pitch adjustment and welding distance compensation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a superconducting cavity electron beam welding device, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The application discloses a superconducting cavity electron beam welding device which comprises a mounting assembly provided with a vacuum welding chamber, a welding gun assembly arranged in the vacuum welding chamber and a detection control assembly. The welding gun assembly comprises a welding gun mechanism, an elevation adjusting mechanism and a position adjusting mechanism. The position adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the welding gun mechanism between the first position and the second position. The detection control assembly is used for detecting the welding seam position of the to-be-welded part in real time and controlling the elevation adjusting mechanism to adjust the elevation angle based on the detected welding seam position.

[0007] Optionally, the elevation adjusting mechanism comprises a worm, a turbine and a supporting cylinder.

[0008] Optionally, the elevation adjusting mechanism further comprises a first driving motor.

[0009] Optionally, the position adjusting mechanism comprises an electric push rod.

[0010] Optionally, the position adjusting mechanism comprises a second driving motor and a crank rocker.

[0011] Optionally, the crank rocker comprises a driving rod and a transmission rod.

[0012] Optionally, the output end of the second driving motor is provided with a speed reducer, and the output end of the second driving motor is fixedly connected with the driving rod through the speed reducer.

[0013] Optionally, the device further comprises a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly comprises a lifting rod and a bearing block, the fixed end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected to the top wall of the vacuum welding chamber, the bearing block is fixedly connected to the lifting end of the lifting rod, the bearing block is provided with a bearing cavity, the worm and the turbine are both rotationally connected in the bearing cavity, the first driving motor is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the bearing block, and the driving end penetrates into the bearing cavity and is fixedly connected to one end of the worm.

[0014] Optionally, the mounting assembly comprises a welding shell and a rotary mechanism, the vacuum welding chamber is arranged on the welding shell, the rotary mechanism comprises a rotary table and a rotary driving mechanism, the fixed end of the rotary driving mechanism is fixedly connected in the vacuum welding chamber, the rotary table is fixedly connected to the driving end of the rotary driving mechanism, and the surface of the rotary table is provided with a bearing position for placing the welding piece.

[0015] The application provides a superconducting cavity electron beam welding device, which has the following beneficial effects: The superconducting cavity electron beam welding device welds the welding piece placed in the vacuum welding chamber through the welding gun mechanism, the detection control assembly detects the welding seam position of the welding piece in real time, the pitch adjusting mechanism is controlled according to the welding seam position of the welding piece to adjust the pitch angle of the welding gun mechanism, and in the process of adjusting the pitch angle of the welding gun by the pitch adjusting mechanism, the welding distance of the welding gun mechanism relative to the welding surface changes with the change of the angle, at this time, the position adjusting mechanism can drive the welding gun mechanism to extend or retract along the extension direction thereof between the first position and the second position under the premise that the pitch posture of the welding gun mechanism remains unchanged, so as to compensate and adjust the welding distance, so that the port of the welding gun mechanism can maintain the set effective welding distance under different pitch angles, the distance compensation is only performed in the axial direction of the welding gun mechanism, the structure of the adjustment is prevented from producing large-range displacement in the transverse and vertical directions, the risk that the welding gun collides with the transverse structure (beam tube) on the welding piece and the beam for mounting the real-time detection device in the vacuum welding chamber and other structures in the adjusting process is effectively reduced, the rigidity and strength requirements of the mounting and clamping of the welding gun mechanism are avoided, the problems that the clamping part is deformed, loose or fatigued due to long-time stress or repeated adjustment are avoided, and therefore the mounting precision of the welding gun mechanism is maintained and the service life is prolonged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the superconducting cavity electron beam welding device in the application; Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the welding gun assembly in the application; Figure 3 It is a front view structure schematic diagram of the pitch adjusting mechanism in the application; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the welding gun assembly in the embodiment 2 in the application.

[0017] In the figure: 10, mounting assembly; 11, vacuum welding chamber; 12, welding shell; 13, rotating mechanism; 131, rotating table; 20, welding gun assembly; 21, welding gun mechanism; 22, pitch adjusting mechanism; 221, worm; 222, turbine; 223, support cylinder; 224, first driving motor; 23, position adjusting mechanism; 231, electric push rod; 232, second driving motor; 233, crank rocker; 2331, driving rod; 2332, transmission rod; 30, detection control assembly; 40, lifting assembly; 41, lifting rod; 42, bearing block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the application.

[0019] The application provides a welding device, which is specifically applied to electron beam welding of a superconducting cavity. In the production and preparation of the superconducting cavity, the gap (welding seam) formed after two half superconducting cavities are spliced needs to be welded, two half superconducting cavities are welded by electron beam welding to form a superconducting cavity, the pitch angle is finely adjusted to match the curve of the welding seam, and the welding quality of the welding seam is improved. In this process, the welding distance changes due to the change of the pitch angle, and therefore the welding distance needs to be adjusted to further improve the welding quality.

[0020] Embodiment 1 Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The application provides a technical solution: a superconducting cavity electron beam welding device, which comprises a mounting assembly 10 provided with a vacuum welding chamber 11, a welding gun assembly 20 located in the vacuum welding chamber 11, and a detection control assembly 30. The welding gun assembly 20 comprises a welding gun mechanism 21, a pitch adjusting mechanism 22, and a position adjusting mechanism 23. The fixed end of the pitch adjusting mechanism 22 is fixedly connected in the vacuum welding chamber 11, the fixed end of the position adjusting mechanism 23 is fixedly connected to the adjusting end of the pitch adjusting mechanism 22, and the welding gun mechanism 21 is fixedly connected to the adjusting end of the position adjusting mechanism 23. The welding gun mechanism 21 is provided with a first position and a second position along an extension direction, and the position adjusting mechanism 23 is used for adjusting the position of the welding gun mechanism 21 between the first position and the second position. The detection control component 30 is used to detect the weld position of the workpiece in real time, and control the pitch adjusting mechanism 22 to adjust the pitch angle based on the detected weld position; Both the welding gun assembly 20 and the detection control component 30 are arranged in the vacuum environment formed by the vacuum welding chamber 11 (specifically, the vacuum welding chamber 11 can be vacuumized, which is a prior art), to meet the requirements of electron beam welding on vacuum degree and beam stability. The fixed end of the pitch adjusting mechanism 22 is directly fixed in the vacuum welding chamber 11, serving as the reference support for the adjustment of the welding gun posture. The fixed end of the position adjusting mechanism 23 is installed on the adjusting end of the pitch adjusting mechanism 22, so that the position adjusting mechanism 23 swings as a whole with the change of the posture of the pitch adjusting mechanism 22. The welding gun mechanism 21 is further fixed on the adjusting end of the position adjusting mechanism 23, so that the welding gun mechanism 21 can change the pitch angle under the drive of the pitch adjusting mechanism 22, and can realize the feeding / retracting along the extension direction of the welding gun mechanism 21 under the drive of the position adjusting mechanism 23. Through the above series connection structure, the pitch adjustment changes the matching relationship between the electron beam incident direction and the weld curve, and the position adjustment is used to compensate for the change of the welding distance caused by the change of the pitch or the spatial deviation of the weld, so that the port of the welding gun can approach or move away from the welding surface along the extension direction without changing the pitch posture, thereby maintaining the stable effective welding distance and focus coupling; Further, the welding gun mechanism 21 is preset with a first position and a second position along the extension direction, and the position adjusting mechanism 23 is used to drive the welding gun mechanism 21 to switch or continuously adjust between the two positions. The first position can be understood as a movable limit position, and the second position can be understood as a standby position, which ensures that the port of the welding gun mechanism 21 maintains a set gun distance from the weld. The detection control component 30 detects the weld position of the workpiece in real time, and controls the pitch adjusting mechanism 22 to dynamically adjust the pitch angle based on the detection result, so that the incident direction of the welding beam or the electron beam matches the weld curve and the local normal line in the rotation welding process of the superconducting cavity, and the gun distance is compensated by the position adjusting mechanism 23, thereby improving the consistency of the curve weld, reducing the risk of collision interference, and improving the welding efficiency. Specifically, the weld position is detected in real time by the detection control component 30, and the pitch adjusting mechanism 22 is driven to dynamically adjust the angle, and the welding distance is simultaneously compensated by the position adjusting mechanism 23, so that the welding gun mechanism 21 can maintain a stable welding posture and effective gun distance under different pitch angles and weld spatial positions, thereby avoiding the problems of focus drift and unstable energy density caused by welding distance fluctuation, and improving the consistency of the weld depth and the weld forming quality in the rotation welding process of the curve weld of the workpiece; The welding gun mechanism 21 can be a laser welding gun or an electron beam welding gun, both of which are prior art known technologies, and are only cited here.

[0021] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, the pitch adjusting mechanism 22 comprises a worm 221, a turbine 222 and a support cylinder 223, the outer cylindrical surface of the turbine 222 is in mesh with the outer cylindrical surface of the worm 221, the support cylinder 223 is fixedly connected at the end of the turbine 222 along the first direction, and the axis is perpendicular to the center of the turbine 222 along the first direction, the end surface of the support cylinder 223 is slidably connected with the welding gun mechanism 21 through the through hole, the fixed end of the position adjusting mechanism 23 is fixedly connected on the surface of the support cylinder 223, the worm 221 drives the turbine 222 to rotate around its center through meshing transmission when rotating, thereby converting the rotary motion of the worm 221 into angular displacement output of the turbine 222, the support cylinder 223 is fixedly connected at the end of the turbine 222 along the first direction, so that the support cylinder 223 rotates synchronously with the turbine 222, at the same time, the support cylinder 223 is perpendicular to the center of the turbine 222 along the first direction, which means that the rotation of the support cylinder 223 and the rotation of the turbine 222 have the same center, further, the end surface of the support cylinder 223 is provided with a through hole, the welding gun mechanism 21 can be slidably connected with the support cylinder 223 through the through hole, so that the welding gun mechanism 21 can be extended and retracted in the direction defined by the support cylinder 223, and the support cylinder 223 rotates with the turbine 222 to drive the welding gun to pitch, therefore, the welding gun mechanism 21 can still maintain the coaxial guiding relationship with the support cylinder 223 during the pitch angle adjustment, avoiding additional swing difference caused by angle adjustment, and the support cylinder 223 can assist in supporting the welding gun mechanism 21, the fixed end of the position adjusting mechanism 23 is fixedly connected on the surface of the support cylinder 223, so that the position adjusting mechanism 23 participates in the pitch movement together with the support cylinder 223, and the support cylinder 223 is used as the installation base to compensate the position of the welding gun mechanism 21 along the extension direction, so that the welding gun mechanism 21 can not only adapt to the pitch adjustment required by the curved weld, but also maintain the stable welding distance after the pitch change through the extension compensation, and reduce the risk of interference with the surrounding structure of the vacuum welding chamber 11.

[0022] As a preferred solution in the embodiment, the pitch adjusting mechanism 22 further comprises a first driving motor 224, an output end of the first driving motor 224 is fixedly connected with one end of the worm 221, the first driving motor 224 is used for driving the worm 221 to rotate to drive the meshed turbine 222 to rotate, the outer cylindrical surface of the worm 221 is meshed with the outer cylindrical surface of the turbine 222, when the worm 221 rotates under the driving of the first driving motor 224, the helical tooth surface of the worm 221 continuously pushes the tooth surface of the turbine 222, thereby driving the turbine 222 to rotate around the center to generate a rotary motion, the high-speed small-torque output of the first driving motor 224 can be converted into the low-speed large-torque rotary output of the turbine 222 through the worm 221, and the worm 221 and the turbine 222 have strong self-retaining characteristics in meshing transmission, when the first driving motor 224 stops outputting or keeps the position, the turbine 222 is not easy to rotate back due to external disturbance or load reverse action, thereby being beneficial to the stable keeping of the pitch angle in the welding process.

[0023] As a preferred solution in the embodiment, the position adjusting mechanism 23 comprises an electric push rod 231, a fixed end of the electric push rod 231 is fixedly connected with the surface of the support cylinder 223, a telescopic end of the electric push rod 231 is fixedly connected with the end of the welding gun mechanism 21 located outside the support cylinder 223, the electric push rod 231 is connected in parallel in the circuit of the first driving motor 224, the electric push rod 231 is a publicly known technology, which can be an electric telescopic rod, here only for reference, the purpose is that the linear telescopic stroke of the electric push rod 231 directly acts on the welding gun mechanism 21, so that the welding gun mechanism 21 is extended or retracted along the extension direction of the welding gun mechanism 21 under the sliding guidance provided by the through hole in the end surface of the support cylinder 223, when the first driving motor 224 is driven to drive the worm 221 to rotate and drive the turbine 222 and the support cylinder 223 to rotate, the electric push rod 231 can obtain the action condition synchronously under the same circuit power supply, thereby realizing the coordinated cooperation of the pitch angle adjustment and the axial telescopic compensation.

[0024] As a preferred solution in the embodiment, the superconducting cavity electron beam welding device further comprises a lifting assembly 40, the lifting assembly 40 comprises a lifting rod 41 and a bearing block 42, the lifting rod 41 can be an electric telescopic rod, which is a prior art, and a fixed end of the lifting rod 41 is fixedly connected to a cavity top wall of the vacuum welding cavity 11, the bearing block 42 is fixedly connected to a lifting end of the lifting rod 41, the bearing block 42 is provided with a bearing cavity, the worm 221 and the turbine 222 are both rotatably connected in the bearing cavity, the first driving motor 224 is fixedly connected to an outer surface of the bearing block 42, and a driving end penetrates into the bearing cavity and is fixedly connected to one end of the worm 221, and the fixed end of the lifting rod 41 is fixedly connected to the cavity top wall of the vacuum welding cavity 11, so that the lifting assembly 40 takes the cavity top wall as a force reference and forms vertical lifting guidance in the vacuum cavity.

[0025] As a preferred solution in the embodiment, the mounting assembly 10 comprises a welding shell 12 and a rotation mechanism 13, the vacuum welding cavity 11 is provided on the welding shell 12, the rotation mechanism 13 comprises a rotation table 131 and a rotation driving mechanism, a fixed end of the rotation driving mechanism is fixedly connected in the vacuum welding cavity 11, and the rotation table 131 is fixedly connected to a driving end of the rotation driving mechanism, and a surface of the rotation table 131 is provided with a bearing position for placing a to-be-welded piece; The fixed end of the rotation driving mechanism is fixedly connected in the vacuum welding cavity 11, so that the rotation driving mechanism takes the inner wall of the cavity as a rigid support reference and can stably output driving torque in a vacuum environment, the rotation table 131 is fixedly connected to the driving end of the rotation driving mechanism, the rotation driving mechanism can be a driving motor, specifically a stepping motor, which is a prior art, so that the output rotary motion of the rotation driving mechanism can be directly transmitted to the rotation table 131, so that the rotation table 131 continuously or incrementally rotates around a preset rotation axis, thereby providing a controlled rotary motion condition for the to-be-welded piece, and the surface of the rotation table 131 is provided with the bearing position for placing the to-be-welded piece (such as a superconducting cavity), and a clamping mechanism can be arranged on the bearing position to limit the installation position and posture of the to-be-welded piece on the rotation table 131, so that the to-be-welded piece maintains a stable geometric relationship with the rotation axis during rotation, thereby facilitating the formation of a continuous welding track around the periphery of the cavity, and the clamping mechanism is a prior art, which is only cited here.

[0026] Embodiment 2: Please refer to Figure 4, based on embodiment 1, except that the position adjusting mechanism 23, other structures are the same as embodiment 1, the position adjusting mechanism 23 includes a second drive motor 232 and a crank rocker 233, the fixed end of the second drive motor 232 is fixedly connected to the surface of the support cylinder 223, the driving end of the second drive motor 232 is fixedly connected to the power input end of the crank rocker 233, the power output end of the crank rocker 233 is rotatably connected to the end of the welding torch mechanism 21 outside the support cylinder 223, and the second drive motor 232 is connected in parallel in the circuit of the first drive motor 224; When the crank rocker 233 is in the initial position, that is, the welding torch mechanism 21 is arranged in a horizontal shape, and the pitch angle is not adjusted, the welding torch mechanism 21 is located at the second position, when the second drive motor 232 is forward or reverse, the crank rocker 233 operates, and the welding torch mechanism 21 can be moved from the second position to the first position, and the distance is determined by the angle of rotation of the power input end of the crank rocker 233, that is, when the welding torch mechanism 21 is adjusted upward, the first drive motor 224 is forward, so that one end of the welding torch mechanism 21 is raised upward with the rotation of the turbine 222, and the second drive motor 232 connected in parallel with the first drive motor 224 is synchronously forward, at this time, the power output end of the crank rocker 233 pulls the welding torch mechanism 21 from the second position to the first position, when the pitch angle is adjusted to the preset position, the first drive motor 224 is powered off and stopped, at this time, the second drive motor 232 is synchronously powered off and stopped, and the welding torch mechanism 21 is located between the second position and the first position; When the welding seam curve of the workpiece to be welded changes and the welding torch mechanism 21 needs to be adjusted downward, the first drive motor 224 is reversed, so that one end of the welding torch mechanism 21 falls downward with the rotation of the turbine 222, and the second drive motor 232 connected in parallel with the first drive motor 224 is synchronously reversed, at this time, the power output end of the crank rocker 233 pulls the welding torch mechanism 21 from the first position to the second position, until the crank rocker 233 is in the initial position, the welding torch mechanism 21 is in a horizontal shape, at this time, if the welding torch mechanism 21 needs to be adjusted downward relative to the horizontal shape, the second drive motor 232 and the first drive motor 224 remain reversed, at this time, the crank rocker 233 is continuously operated by the reverse rotation of the second drive motor 232 relative to the initial position, and the power output end of the crank rocker 233 pulls the welding torch mechanism 21 from the second position to the first position, when the pitch angle is adjusted to the preset position, the first drive motor 224 is powered off and stopped, at this time, the second drive motor 232 is synchronously powered off and stopped, and the welding torch mechanism 21 is located between the second position and the first position; The first drive motor 224 and the second drive motor 232 are both step motors or brushless motors, which can be variable speed or step speed, and are known in the art, which are only cited here; Specifically, the second driving motor 232 can continuously reverse, and the welding torch mechanism 21 will not continuously move in the direction from the first position to the second position due to the reversal of the second driving motor 232, but will be located at the second position in a horizontal state, and then when the pitch angle is adjusted downward, the second driving motor 232 can continue to remain in a reversed state without stopping, and the welding torch mechanism 21 moves to the second position and then moves back to the first position. When the welding torch mechanism 21 needs to be turned downward from one end to be tilted upward, it also does not need to stop, and the angle can be continuously adjusted without complex control logic. It can continuously adjust the position of the welding torch mechanism 21 extending or retracting, realize continuous, smooth and coordinated adjustment of the welding posture, the second driving motor 232 is parallel to the first driving motor 224, which ensures automatic synchronization of pitch adjustment and position compensation, the special configuration of the crank rocker enables the welding torch mechanism 21 to move along the same trajectory (toward the first position) regardless of the forward or reverse rotation of the second driving motor 232, so that the length of the welding torch mechanism 21 can be adaptively adjusted without stopping and switching when the pitch angle continuously changes, which simplifies the control logic, eliminates the switching gap, improves the response speed and accuracy of tracking complex welds, and improves the reliability and continuity of the welding process.

[0027] In the embodiment, as a preferred solution, the crank rocker 233 includes a driving rod 2331 and a transmission rod 2332. One end of the driving rod 2331 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second driving motor 232, and the other end of the driving rod 2331 is rotatably connected to one end of the transmission rod 2332. The other end of the transmission rod 2332 is rotatably connected to the end of the welding torch mechanism 21 outside the support cylinder 223. The driving rod 2331, as a driving member, has one end fixed to the output shaft of the second driving motor 232, directly converting the continuous rotary motion of the motor into a circular motion with the motor shaft as the center. The other end is rotatably connected (i.e., can also be understood as hinged) to the transmission rod 2332, which acts as a driven member and connecting rod, receiving the circular motion of the driving rod 2331 and converting it into planar motion at the other end (i.e., the hinged point of the welding torch mechanism 21). Finally, it outputs the reciprocating displacement of the welding torch mechanism 21 in the direction of the support cylinder 223, thereby realizing the position compensation of the welding torch mechanism 21 extending or retracting. When the welding torch mechanism 21 is in a horizontal state (second position), regardless of the forward or reverse rotation of the second driving motor 232, the driving rod 2331 pushes the transmission rod 2332 to move, which makes the end of the welding torch mechanism 21 move from the second position to the first position, so that the rotation direction of the second driving motor 232 does not need to be complexly matched with the displacement direction. When the pitch angle is adjusted upward or downward, the welding torch mechanism 21 can automatically adapt to the same direction (toward the first position) position compensation, thereby achieving continuous and smooth coordinated motion without stopping and switching direction.

[0028] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, the output end of the second driving motor 232 is provided with a speed reducer, and the output end of the second driving motor 232 is fixedly connected to the end of the driving rod 2331 away from the transmission rod 2332 through the speed reducer. The speed reducer can also be understood as a gearbox, which are both prior arts and are only cited here. The high speed and low torque output of the second driving motor 232 can be converted into low speed and high torque output suitable for driving the crank rocker mechanism, which guarantees that the driving rod 2331 can obtain sufficient and stable traction to overcome the movement resistance, accurately controls the position movement of the welding gun mechanism 21, makes the movement of the whole position compensation mechanism more stable and controllable by reducing the movement speed of the final output end, avoids the possible fast movement or impact due to direct driving of the motor, and thus improves the precision and stability during fine tuning. By replacing or adjusting the transmission ratio of the speed reducer, the movement speed and output characteristics of the crank rocker mechanism (specifically the rotation angle of the driving rod 2331, which can control the rotation angle of the driving rod 2331 according to the rotation speed, and then obtain the length that the welding gun mechanism 21 needs to extend for different to-be-welded pieces) can be changed as a whole, so as to adapt to to-be-welded pieces of different specifications and different welding process requirements. At the same time, for precise welds that need fine and slow compensation, a speed reducer with a larger transmission ratio can be selected to realize slower and more accurate displacement. For occasions that require fast response, a speed reducer with a smaller transmission ratio can be selected.

[0029] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A superconducting cavity electron beam welding device, characterized in that: It includes an installation assembly (10) with a vacuum welding chamber (11), a welding torch assembly (20) located in the vacuum welding chamber (11), and a detection and control assembly (30). The welding torch assembly (20) includes a welding torch mechanism (21), a pitch adjustment mechanism (22), and a position adjustment mechanism (23). The fixed end of the pitch adjustment mechanism (22) is fixedly connected to the vacuum welding chamber (11), the fixed end of the position adjustment mechanism (23) is fixedly connected to the adjustment end of the pitch adjustment mechanism (22), and the welding torch mechanism (21) is fixedly connected to the adjustment end of the position adjustment mechanism (23). The welding torch mechanism (21) is provided with a first position and a second position along the extension direction, and the position adjustment mechanism (23) is used to adjust the position of the welding torch mechanism (21) between the first position and the second position. The detection control component (30) is used to detect the weld position of the workpiece to be welded in real time, and to control the pitch adjustment mechanism (22) to adjust the pitch angle based on the detected weld position.

2. The superconducting cavity electron beam welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch adjustment mechanism (22) includes a worm (221), a turbine (222), and a support cylinder (223). The outer surface of the turbine (222) meshes with the outer surface of the worm (221). The support cylinder (223) is fixedly connected to the end of the turbine (222) along a first direction, and its axis is perpendicular to the center of the turbine (222) along the first direction. The end face of the support cylinder (223) is slidably connected to the welding torch mechanism (21) through a through hole. The fixed end of the position adjustment mechanism (23) is fixedly connected to the surface of the support cylinder (223).

3. The superconducting cavity electron beam welding apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pitch adjustment mechanism (22) also includes a first drive motor (224), the output end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the worm gear (221).

4. The superconducting cavity electron beam welding apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The position adjustment mechanism (23) includes an electric push rod (231). The fixed end of the electric push rod (231) is fixedly connected to the surface of the support cylinder (223). The telescopic end of the electric push rod (231) is fixedly connected to the end of the welding gun mechanism (21) located outside the support cylinder (223). The electric push rod (231) is connected in parallel in the circuit of the first drive motor (224).

5. The superconducting cavity electron beam welding apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The position adjustment mechanism (23) includes a second drive motor (232) and a crank rocker arm (233). The fixed end of the second drive motor (232) is fixedly connected to the surface of the support cylinder (223). The drive end of the second drive motor (232) is fixedly connected to the power input end of the crank rocker arm (233). The power output end of the crank rocker arm (233) is rotatably connected to the end of the welding torch mechanism (21) located outside the support cylinder (223). The second drive motor (232) is connected in parallel in the circuit of the first drive motor (224).

6. The superconducting cavity electron beam welding apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crank rocker arm (233) includes a drive rod (2331) and a transmission rod (2332). One end of the drive rod (2331) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second drive motor (232), and the other end of the drive rod (2331) is rotatably connected to one end of the transmission rod (2332). The other end of the transmission rod (2332) is rotatably connected to the end of the welding torch mechanism (21) located outside the support cylinder (223).

7. The superconducting cavity electron beam welding apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The output end of the second drive motor (232) is provided with a reduction gearbox, and the output end of the second drive motor (232) is fixedly connected to the end of the drive rod (2331) away from the transmission rod (2332) through the reduction gearbox.

8. The superconducting cavity electron beam welding apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a lifting assembly (40), which includes a lifting rod (41) and a support block (42). The fixed end of the lifting rod (41) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the vacuum welding chamber (11). The support block (42) is fixedly connected to the lifting end of the lifting rod (41). The support block (42) has a support cavity. The worm (221) and the turbine (222) are rotatably connected in the support cavity. The first drive motor (224) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the support block (42), and the drive end passes through the support cavity and is fixedly connected to one end of the worm (221).

9. The superconducting cavity electron beam welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting assembly (10) includes a welding housing (12) and a rotary mechanism (13). The vacuum welding chamber (11) is opened on the welding housing (12). The rotary mechanism (13) includes a rotary table (131) and a rotary drive mechanism. The fixed end of the rotary drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the vacuum welding chamber (11). The rotary table (131) is fixedly connected to the drive end of the rotary drive mechanism. The surface of the rotary table (131) is provided with a bearing position for placing the workpiece to be welded.

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