High-voltage transmission line construction cable laying device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cable laying, and discloses a high-voltage transmission line construction cable laying device which comprises a base and a cable reel and further comprises a jacking assembly which is arranged on the base and used for lifting the cable reel away from the ground to be in a suspended state. The two supporting frames synchronously and relatively move along the base through the sliding blocks, the distance between the two supporting frames is shortened, and the two supporting rollers synchronously and relatively move to make contact with the lower end of the outer edge of the cable reel and extrude the cable reel; in the extrusion process, the cable reel is gradually lifted to be separated from the ground and is in a suspended state, the cable is pulled out through traction equipment to drive the cable reel and the supporting rollers to rotate, in the process, the contact area between the cable reel and the supporting rollers is increased through the two supporting rollers, and the phenomenon that the cable reel shifts, shakes or topples in the cable traction process is avoided; and the cable pay-off stability is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of cable laying, and particularly relates to a high-voltage power transmission line construction cable laying device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The laying of a high-voltage power transmission line refers to a systematic project of extending a power line of a high-voltage (usually 110 kV and above) or super-high-voltage, ultra-high-voltage grade from a power source point such as a power plant or a transformer substation to a load center or a next-stage transformer substation, covering the whole process of design, construction, commissioning and acceptance.

[0003] At present, the transportation and laying of a high-voltage power transmission cable usually adopts the following process: after the cable is wound on a cable reel and transported to a laying position, the cable reel is lifted by a cable laying rack, and then a traction device is used to pull the high-voltage cable and the cable reel to rotate to realize cable laying. The existing laying rack system mainly consists of independent support frames arranged at both ends of the cable reel. A hydraulic cylinder is installed on each support frame. A mandrel passes through the center hole of the cable reel, and the two ends of the mandrel are arranged on the support frames. During operation, the hydraulic cylinders are synchronously lifted to lift the cable reel off the ground to realize suspended laying. However, since the cable reel has a large self-weight (usually several tons to several dozen tons), and needs to bear dynamic torque and radial load during traction, the two independent support laying racks are prone to asynchronous displacement during hydraulic lifting and cable traction, resulting in insufficient system stability and safety hazards such as shaking and even falling. Therefore, the present application provides a high-voltage power transmission line construction cable laying device. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the problems in the background art, the application provides a high-voltage power transmission line construction cable laying device, which solves the problem of insufficient system stability caused by the large self-weight of the existing cable reel, the need to bear dynamic torque and radial load during traction, and the asynchronous displacement of the two independent support laying racks during hydraulic lifting and cable traction.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides the following technical scheme: a high-voltage power transmission line construction cable laying device, comprising a base and a cable reel, further comprising: a lifting assembly arranged on the base, the lifting assembly being used to lift the cable reel off the ground to a suspended state; The lifting assembly comprises two first threaded rods arranged on the top of the base. A transmission wheel is fixedly arranged on each of the first threaded rods. The transmission wheels are driven to rotate synchronously with the first threaded rods by a transmission belt. A support frame is slidably arranged on the base by a sliding block. A support roller is movably arranged on the support frame. The support frame is threadedly arranged on the first threaded rods. The screw threads at the two ends of the first threaded rods are in opposite directions. There are two sets of lifting components, which are set at both ends of the base. The cable reel is placed between the two lifting components. The lifting components are driven by a motor to move synchronously relative to each other. The two support rollers move relative to each other and contact the outer edges of both ends of the cable reel, and squeeze to lift the cable reel off the ground into a suspended state.

[0006] Preferably, the support assembly includes a guide rod and a second threaded rod fixedly mounted on the support frame, with support members threaded onto both ends of the second threaded rod, and the support members being movably sleeved outside the guide rod; The support member is externally fitted with a transmission roller.

[0007] Preferably, the axial length of the drive roller is greater than the thickness of the cable reel end, and the thread directions at both ends of the second threaded rod are opposite; Rotating the second threaded rod causes the support and the transmission roller to move synchronously relative to each other under the action of the external thread of the second threaded rod, so that the distance between the two transmission rollers is matched with the axial length of the cable reel.

[0008] Preferably, the stabilizing component includes a support cross plate fixedly mounted on the support frame, an elastic telescopic member is provided on the top of the support cross plate, and a speed-reducing friction member is fixedly mounted on the top of the elastic telescopic member.

[0009] Preferably, a transmission sleeve is fixedly mounted on the opposite surfaces of the two transmission rollers, and the transmission sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the support member; The outer annular array of the transmission sleeve has rectangular through slots.

[0010] Preferably, the cross-section of the deceleration friction element is a rounded rectangle, and initially, under the action of the elastic telescopic element, the top of the inner wall of the deceleration friction element abuts against the outside of the transmission sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, a second guide tube is fixedly mounted on the top of the deceleration friction component, a support beam is fixedly mounted on the support frame, and a first guide tube is fixedly mounted in the middle of the support beam.

[0012] Preferably, when the top of the inner wall of the initial speed-reducing friction component abuts against the outside of the transmission sleeve, the height of the second guide tube is lower than the height of the first guide tube; The end of the cable wound on the cable reel passes through the second guide tube and the first guide tube in sequence. With the help of the traction device, the cable is pulled and the force gradually pulls the second guide tube and the deceleration friction component upward. The deceleration friction component will disengage from the transmission sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, both ends of the second guide tube and the first guide tube are flared. The cable wound on the cable reel passes through the second guide tube and the first guide tube in sequence. Under the action of the traction device, the cable is pulled so that it gradually becomes horizontal, which pulls the deceleration friction component upward to disengage from the outside of the transmission sleeve.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In this invention, two support frames move synchronously relative to each other along the base via sliding blocks, reducing the distance between the two support frames. Two support rollers move synchronously relative to each other, contacting and squeezing the lower end of the outer edge of the cable reel. Since the support rollers are movably mounted on the support frames, the cable reel is gradually lifted off the ground and suspended during the squeezing process. The cable is pulled out by the traction device, causing the cable reel and support rollers to rotate. During this process, the two support rollers increase the contact area with the cable reel, preventing the cable reel from shifting, shaking, or tipping over during cable traction, thus ensuring the stability of cable laying. This invention adjusts the distance between two drive rollers to match the axial length of the cable reel. Two support frames move relative to the support rollers, lifting the cable reel off the ground. During this process, both ends of the cable reel are engaged within the drive rollers. Because the axial length of the drive rollers is greater than the thickness of the cable reel's end face, the engagement range between the drive rollers and the cable reel is increased, allowing both ends of the cable reel to accurately fall onto the drive rollers. The support rollers and drive rollers support and limit the cable reel, preventing axial movement during cable reel rotation and improving the stability of cable reel unloading. This invention lifts the cable reel off the ground into a suspended state by the relative movement of two support frames and support rollers. At the same time, both ends of the cable reel are movably engaged in the transmission rollers. Under the action of the elastic telescopic component, the top of the inner wall of the speed-reducing friction component abuts against the outside of the transmission sleeve. The speed-reducing friction component applies rotational resistance to the transmission sleeve and transmission rollers, preventing the cable reel from rotating on the lifting assembly and improving the stability of the cable reel. When the cable is pulled by the traction device, the cable gradually becomes horizontal under tension, which pulls the second guide tube, the deceleration friction component, and stretches the elastic telescopic component upward. This causes the top of the inner wall of the deceleration friction component to disengage from the transmission sleeve. At this point, the traction device can pull out the cable, causing the cable reel to rotate on the support roller and the transmission roller. After the cable is laid, the traction device stops working, and the cable reel continues to rotate under the action of inertia. The end of the cable gradually becomes relaxed. At this time, the second guide tube moves under the action of the elastic telescopic component, causing the top of the inner wall of the deceleration friction component to abut against the outside of the transmission sleeve, thereby reducing the continuous rotation of the cable reel under the action of inertia and ensuring that the cable wound on the cable reel is released stably. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance and structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the mating structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional mating structure of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the lifting assembly, cable reel, stabilizing assembly, and supporting assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cable and stabilizing component mating structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the lifting component, stabilizing component and supporting component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the stabilizing component and the supporting component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the stabilizing component and the supporting component of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Lifting assembly; 21. Support frame; 22. Support roller; 23. First threaded rod; 24. Transmission wheel; 25. Transmission belt; 26. Sliding block; 3. Cable reel; 4. Stabilizing assembly; 41. Support beam; 42. First guide tube; 43. Second guide tube; 44. Speed-reducing friction component; 45. Elastic telescopic component; 46. Support plate; 5. Support assembly; 51. Guide rod; 52. Second threaded rod; 53. Transmission roller; 54. Support component; 55. Transmission sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention provides a cable laying device for high-voltage transmission line construction, including a base 1 and a cable reel 3, and further comprising: Lifting component 2 is mounted on base 1 and is used to lift cable reel 3 off the ground into a suspended state. The lifting assembly 2 includes two first threaded rods 23 disposed on the top of the base 1. Each of the two first threaded rods 23 is fixedly equipped with a transmission wheel 24, which is driven to rotate synchronously with the first threaded rods 23 by a transmission belt 25. The support frame 21 slides on the base 1 via the sliding block 26. The support frame 21 is movably provided with a support roller 22. The support frame 21 is threaded onto the first threaded rod 23. The threads at both ends of the first threaded rod 23 are in opposite directions; There are two sets of lifting components 2, which are set at both ends of the base 1. The cable reel 3 is placed between the two lifting components 2. The lifting components 2 are driven by a motor to move synchronously relative to each other. The two support rollers 22 move relative to each other and contact the outer edges of both ends of the cable reel 3, and squeeze to lift the cable reel 3 off the ground into a suspended state.

[0019] The distance between the two support frames 21 and the support rollers 22 is increased by rotating the first threaded rod 23 driven by the motor. The cable reel 3 is placed between the two support frames 21. The first threaded rod 23 is rotated by the motor. Under the action of the external thread of the first threaded rod 23, the two support frames 21 move synchronously relative to each other along the base 1 through the sliding block 26, which reduces the distance between the two support frames 21. The two support rollers 22 move synchronously relative to each other and contact the lower end of the outer edge of the cable reel 3 and squeeze the cable reel 3. Since the support rollers 22 are movably set on the support frame 21, the cable reel 3 is gradually lifted off the ground and suspended in the air during the squeezing process. The cable is pulled out by the traction device, which drives the cable reel 3 and the support rollers 22 to rotate. During this process, the two support rollers 22 increase the contact area with the cable reel 3, which prevents the cable reel 3 from displacing, shaking or tilting during the cable traction process, and ensures the stability of the cable laying.

[0020] Furthermore, after the cable is manufactured, it is wound onto the cable reel 3. During transportation, the base 1 is placed on the transport vehicle, and the cable reel 3 is supported by the lifting component 2. This ensures that the cable reel 3 does not roll or slip off the transport vehicle due to inertia during transportation, such as during sudden braking, turning, or bumping, which could injure pedestrians, damage road facilities, or even cause traffic accidents. The base 1 increases the contact area with the vehicle, ensuring the safety of the cable reel 3 during transportation.

[0021] like Figures 3-5 As shown, the support assembly 5 includes a guide rod 51 and a second threaded rod 52 fixed on the support frame 21. Support members 54 are threadedly sleeved at both ends of the second threaded rod 52, and the support members 54 are movably sleeved outside the guide rod 51. A transmission roller 53 is movably sleeved on the outside of the support member 54; The axial length of the drive roller 53 is greater than the thickness at the end of the cable reel 3, and the thread directions at both ends of the second threaded rod 52 are opposite. Rotating the second threaded rod 52 causes the support member 54 and the transmission roller 53 to move synchronously relative to each other under the action of the external thread of the second threaded rod 52, so that the distance between the two transmission rollers 53 is matched with the axial length of the cable reel 3.

[0022] By rotating the second threaded rod 52, the support member 54 and the transmission roller 53, under the action of the external thread of the second threaded rod 52, cause the transmission roller 53 and the support member 54 to move synchronously relative to each other along the guide rod 51, so that the distance between the two transmission rollers 53 is matched with the axial length of the cable reel 3. Through the relative movement of the two support frames 21 and the support roller 22, the cable reel 3 is lifted off the ground. During this process, the two ends of the cable reel 3 are movably engaged in the transmission roller 53. Since the axial length of the transmission roller 53 is greater than the thickness of the end face of the cable reel 3, the docking range between the transmission roller 53 and the cable reel 3 is increased, so that the two ends of the cable reel 3 can accurately fall onto the transmission roller 53. The support roller 22 and the transmission roller 53 support and limit the cable reel 3, preventing axial movement of the cable reel 3 during rotation and cable unloading, and improving the stability of cable reel 3 unloading.

[0023] By rotating the second threaded rod 52 to adjust the distance between the two transmission rollers 53, the equipment can be adapted to cable reels 3 with different axial lengths, thus improving its applicability.

[0024] like Figures 6-9 As shown, the stabilizing component 4 includes a support plate 46 fixedly mounted on the support frame 21. An elastic telescopic member 45 is provided on the top of the support plate 46, and a speed-reducing friction member 44 is fixedly mounted on the top of the elastic telescopic member 45. A transmission sleeve 55 is fixedly mounted on the opposite face of each of the two transmission rollers 53, and the transmission sleeve 55 is sleeved on the outside of the support member 54. The outer annular array of the transmission sleeve 55 has rectangular through slots; The cross-section of the deceleration friction component 44 is a rounded rectangle. Initially, under the action of the elastic telescopic component 45, the top of the inner wall of the deceleration friction component 44 abuts against the outside of the transmission sleeve 55. A second guide tube 43 is fixedly installed on the top of the speed-reducing friction component 44, a support beam 41 is fixedly installed on the support frame 21, and a first guide tube 42 is fixedly installed in the middle of the support beam 41. When the top of the inner wall of the initial deceleration friction element 44 abuts against the outside of the transmission sleeve 55, the height of the second guide tube 43 is lower than the height of the first guide tube 42. Both ends of the second guide tube 43 and the first guide tube 42 are flared. The cable wound on the cable reel 3 passes through the second guide tube 43 and the first guide tube 42 in sequence. Under the action of the traction device, the cable is pulled so that it gradually becomes horizontal, which pulls the deceleration friction component 44 to move upward and disengage from the outside of the transmission sleeve 55.

[0025] The cable reel 3 is lifted off the ground and suspended in the air by the relative movement of the two support frames 21 and the support roller 22. At the same time, the two ends of the cable reel 3 are respectively movably engaged in the transmission roller 53. Under the action of the elastic telescopic member 45, the top of the inner wall of the speed-reducing friction member 44 abuts against the outside of the transmission sleeve 55. The speed-reducing friction member 44 applies rotational resistance to the transmission sleeve 55 and the transmission roller 53 to prevent the cable reel 3 from rotating on the lifting assembly 2. During cable laying, the end of the cable is passed through the second guide tube 43 and the first guide tube 42 in sequence, and pulled out by the traction device, so that the cable reel 3 rotates on the support roller 22 and the transmission roller 53. Since the top of the inner wall of the initial deceleration friction member 44 abuts against the outside of the transmission sleeve 55 under the action of the elastic telescopic member 45, the height of the second guide tube 43 is lower than the height of the first guide tube 42. When the cable is pulled by the traction device, the cable is gradually brought to a horizontal state by the tension, thereby pulling the second guide tube 43 and the deceleration friction member 44 upward and stretching the elastic telescopic member 45, so that the top of the inner wall of the deceleration friction member 44 is separated from the transmission sleeve 55. At this time, the traction device can pull out the cable, so that the cable reel 3 rotates on the support roller 22 and the transmission roller 53.

[0026] After the cable is laid, the traction equipment stops working, and the cable reel 3 continues to rotate under the action of inertia. The end of the cable gradually relaxes. At this time, the second guide tube 43 moves under the action of the elastic telescopic member 45, so that the top of the inner wall of the speed-reducing friction member 44 abuts against the outside of the transmission sleeve 55, thereby reducing the continuous rotation of the cable reel 3 under the action of inertia and making the cable wound on the cable reel 3 stably unloaded.

[0027] Working principle and usage process of this invention: By rotating the second threaded rod 52, the support member 54 and the transmission roller 53, under the action of the external thread of the second threaded rod 52, cause the transmission roller 53 and the support member 54 to move synchronously relative to each other along the guide rod 51, so that the distance between the two transmission rollers 53 is adapted to the axial length of the cable reel 3. By driving the first threaded rod 23 to rotate, the distance between the two support frames 21 and the support roller 22 is increased, and the cable reel 3 is placed between the two support frames 21. By driving the first threaded rod 23 to rotate, under the action of the external thread of the first threaded rod 23, the two support frames 21 move synchronously relative to each other along the base 1 through the sliding block 26, reducing the distance between the two support frames 21. The synchronous relative motion contacts and squeezes the lower end of the outer edge of the cable reel 3. Since the support roller 22 is movably set on the support frame 21, the cable reel 3 is gradually lifted off the ground and suspended in the air during the squeezing process. During the process of lifting the cable reel 3 off the ground, both ends of the cable reel 3 are movably engaged in the transmission roller 53. Since the axial length of the transmission roller 53 is greater than the thickness of the end face of the cable reel 3, the docking range between the transmission roller 53 and the cable reel 3 is increased, so that both ends of the cable reel 3 can fall accurately onto the transmission roller 53. The support roller 22 and the transmission roller 53 support and limit the cable reel 3, preventing axial movement of the cable reel 3 during rotation and cable unloading, and improving the stability of cable reel 3 unloading. Both ends of the cable reel 3 are movably engaged in the transmission roller 53, while the top of the inner wall of the speed-reducing friction member 44 abuts against the outside of the transmission sleeve 55 under the action of the elastic telescopic member 45. The speed-reducing friction member 44 applies rotational resistance to the transmission sleeve 55 and the transmission roller 53 to prevent the cable reel 3 from rotating on the lifting assembly 2. During cable laying, the end of the cable is passed through the second guide tube 43 and the first guide tube 42 in sequence, and pulled out by the traction device so that the cable reel 3 rotates on the support roller 22 and the transmission roller 53. Since the top of the inner wall of the initial deceleration friction member 44 abuts against the outside of the transmission sleeve 55 under the action of the elastic telescopic member 45, the height of the second guide tube 43 is lower than the height of the first guide tube 42. When the cable is pulled by the traction device, the cable is gradually brought to a horizontal state by the tension, thereby pulling the second guide tube 43 and the deceleration friction member 44 upward and stretching the elastic telescopic member 45, so that the top of the inner wall of the deceleration friction member 44 is separated from the transmission sleeve 55. At this time, the traction device can pull out the cable, so that the cable reel 3 rotates on the support roller 22 and the transmission roller 53. After the cable is laid, the traction equipment stops working, and the cable reel 3 continues to rotate under the action of inertia. The end of the cable gradually relaxes. At this time, the second guide tube 43 moves under the action of the elastic telescopic member 45, so that the top of the inner wall of the speed-reducing friction member 44 abuts against the outside of the transmission sleeve 55, thereby reducing the continuous rotation of the cable reel 3 under the action of inertia and making the cable wound on the cable reel 3 stably unloaded.

[0028] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0029] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cable laying device for high-voltage transmission line construction, comprising a base (1) and a cable reel (3), characterized in that, Also includes: Lifting assembly (2), which is disposed on the base (1), is used to lift the cable reel (3) off the ground and into a suspended state; The lifting assembly (2) includes two first threaded rods (23) disposed on the top of the base (1). Each of the two first threaded rods (23) is fixedly equipped with a transmission wheel (24), and the transmission wheel (24) and the first threaded rod (23) are driven to rotate synchronously through a transmission belt (25). The support frame (21) slides on the base (1) via the sliding block (26), and the support frame (21) is movably provided with a support roller (22), and the support frame (21) is threaded onto the first threaded rod (23); The threads at both ends of the first threaded rod (23) are in opposite directions; There are two sets of lifting components (2) located at both ends of the base (1). The cable reel (3) is placed between the two lifting components (2). The lifting components (2) are driven by a motor to move synchronously relative to each other. The two support rollers (22) move relative to each other and contact the outer edges of both ends of the cable reel (3), and squeeze to lift the cable reel (3) off the ground into a suspended state.

2. The high-voltage transmission line construction cable laying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly (5) includes a guide rod (51) and a second threaded rod (52) fixed on the support frame (21). The two ends of the second threaded rod (52) are threaded with support members (54), and the support members (54) are movably sleeved on the outside of the guide rod (51). The support member (54) is externally fitted with a transmission roller (53).

3. The high-voltage transmission line construction cable laying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial length of the drive roller (53) is greater than the thickness of the end of the cable reel (3), and the thread directions at both ends of the second threaded rod (52) are opposite. Rotating the second threaded rod (52), the support (54) and the transmission roller (53) move synchronously relative to each other under the action of the external thread of the second threaded rod (52), so that the distance between the two transmission rollers (53) is matched with the axial length of the cable reel (3).

4. The high-voltage transmission line construction cable laying device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stabilizing component (4) includes a support cross plate (46) fixedly mounted on the support frame (21), and an elastic telescopic member (45) is provided on the top of the support cross plate (46), and a speed-reducing friction member (44) is fixedly mounted on the top of the elastic telescopic member (45).

5. The high-voltage transmission line construction cable laying device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both of the two drive rollers (53) have drive sleeves (55) fixedly mounted on their opposite surfaces, and the drive sleeves (55) are sleeved on the outside of the support member (54). The outer annular array of the transmission sleeve (55) has rectangular through slots.

6. The high-voltage transmission line construction cable laying device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The speed-reducing friction element (44) has a rounded rectangular cross section. Initially, under the action of the elastic telescopic element (45), the top of the inner wall of the speed-reducing friction element (44) abuts against the outside of the transmission sleeve (55).

7. The high-voltage transmission line construction cable laying device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the deceleration friction component (44) is fixedly fitted with a second guide tube (43), the support frame (21) is fixedly fitted with a support beam (41), and the middle of the support beam (41) is fixedly fitted with a first guide tube (42).

8. The high-voltage transmission line construction cable laying device according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the top of the inner wall of the initial speed-reducing friction element (44) abuts against the outside of the transmission sleeve (55), the height of the second guide tube (43) is lower than the height of the first guide tube (42); The end of the cable wound on the cable reel (3) passes through the second guide tube (43) and the first guide tube (42) in sequence. With the help of the traction device, the cable is pulled and the cable is gradually pulled by the force, causing the second guide tube (43) and the deceleration friction element (44) to move upward. The deceleration friction element (44) will disengage from the transmission sleeve (55).

9. The high-voltage transmission line construction cable laying device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Both ends of the second guide tube (43) and the first guide tube (42) are flared. The cable wound on the cable reel (3) passes through the second guide tube (43) and the first guide tube (42) in sequence. Under the action of the traction device, the cable is pulled so that the cable gradually becomes horizontal, and the speed-reducing friction component (44) is pulled up to get away from the external contact with the transmission sleeve (55).

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