Anti-seepage device for basement independent pier column raft foundation in water-rich area and construction method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building structure waterproofing, and particularly relates to an anti-seepage device for a basement independent pier column raft foundation in a water-rich area and a construction method. Comprising a waterproof structure surrounding and tightly attached to the lower surface of a pier column, a pre-tightening force waterproof device connected between the pier column and the surface of a raft plate and arranged on the periphery of the waterproof structure in a sleeving mode, a damping mechanism connected with the top end of the pre-tightening force waterproof device and arranged around the periphery of the pier column, and a drainage mechanism connected to the periphery of the bottom of the pre-tightening force waterproof device. The invention discloses an anti-seepage device for an independent pier column raft foundation of a basement in a water-rich area, which comprehensively considers earthquake / vibration factors and waterproof factors, and improves waterproof structures of pier columns and rafts, so that the waterproof performance of the pier column raft structure is greatly improved, the service life of the pier column raft structure is greatly prolonged, and the use safety of the structure under the earthquake / vibration factors is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building structure waterproofing technology, specifically relating to a seepage prevention device and construction method for independent pier column raft foundation of basement in water-rich areas. Background Technology

[0002] Basement projects in water-rich areas are constantly affected by dynamic changes in groundwater levels. The connection between independent piers and raft slabs is prone to structural cracks due to stress concentration. Traditional external waterproofing layers are easily damaged and fail under the settlement of backfill soil or construction vibration. After failure, the water entering through the cracks will have a potential long-term impact on the waterproofing performance and safety of the structure.

[0003] Another situation is that, under the influence of earthquakes, plastic hinges are easily formed in the connection area between the pier and the raft slab. After the vibration damages the area, many cracks will appear at the location of the plastic hinge. These cracks will also have a significant impact on the future waterproofing performance and are difficult to repair. How to avoid the formation of plastic hinges and cracks at the connection between the pier and the raft slab is a problem that needs to be solved.

[0004] In conclusion, it is necessary to improve existing technologies in order to ensure the waterproof performance, structural safety, and service life of building structures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention discloses a seepage prevention device for independent pier column raft foundation of basement in water-rich areas. Taking into account both seismic / vibration factors and waterproofing factors, the waterproofing structure of the pier and raft is improved, thereby significantly improving the waterproofing performance and service life of the pier column raft structure and ensuring the safety of the structure under seismic / vibration factors.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A seepage prevention device for independent pier raft foundation of basement in water-rich areas includes a waterproof structure that surrounds and tightly fits the lower surface of the pier, a pre-tightening waterproof device that connects the pier and raft surface and is fitted around the waterproof structure, a shock-absorbing mechanism that is connected to the top of the pre-tightening waterproof device and surrounds the outer periphery of the pier, and a drainage mechanism that is connected to the bottom outer periphery of the pre-tightening waterproof device.

[0007] Preferably, the pier is vertically installed on the top of the raft slab, and the waterproof structure includes a self-waterproofing layer, a grouting layer, an elastic sealing layer, and a drainage layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside of the pier. The bottom ends of the self-waterproofing layer, the grouting layer, and the elastic sealing layer are tightly connected to the top of the raft slab. The top of the raft slab is also integrally formed with an annular baffle around the axis of the pier. The bottom end of the drainage layer is tightly connected to the top of the annular baffle, and the outer surface of the elastic sealing layer is tightly connected to the inner surface of the annular baffle.

[0008] Preferably, the top of the annular baffle slopes outward and downward, the self-waterproof layer is made of C40P12 concrete with 12% silica fume added, the grouting layer is made of early-strength cement-based grouting material, the elastic sealing layer is made of honeycomb FRP-reinforced polyurea coating, and the hydrophobic drainage layer is made of 50mm thick fabric material.

[0009] Preferably, the pre-tightening waterproof device includes an annular groove located at the top of the raft slab and surrounding the axis of the pier column. A sealing ring is embedded in the annular groove, and a sealing block is press-fitted to the top of the sealing ring. A first fixing ring is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing block, and a second fixing ring is provided above the first fixing ring. A pre-tightening spring is connected between the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring. A first telescopic waterproof layer and a second telescopic waterproof layer are respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the pre-tightening spring. The upper and lower ends of the first telescopic waterproof layer and the second telescopic waterproof layer are respectively sealed and fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second fixing ring and the top end of the first fixing ring.

[0010] Preferably, the annular groove is made of stainless steel, the bottom of the annular groove is pre-embedded in the raft slab and fixedly connected to the reinforcing cage in the raft slab, the connection between the annular groove and the raft slab is sealed with a sealing material, the first and second telescopic waterproof layers are respectively made of rubber, the first fixing ring and the inner surface of the annular groove are respectively clearance-fitted with the outer wall of the annular retaining platform, and the second fixing ring is clearance-fitted with the outer wall of the pier column.

[0011] Preferably, the damping mechanism includes an annular fixed seat fixed on the outer surface of the pier, and a plurality of viscous dampers evenly distributed around the axis of the pier at the bottom of the annular fixed seat. One end of the viscous damper is fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular fixed seat, and the other end is ball-jointed to the top of the second fixed ring.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the pier column is pre-embedded with an annular steel plate coaxial with the pier column, and a number of radially arranged threaded holes are evenly distributed on the annular steel plate. The annular fixing seat is provided with through holes corresponding to the threaded holes one by one. The annular fixing seat is fixedly connected to the pier column by positioning bolts that pass through the through holes and are screwed to the threaded holes.

[0013] Preferably, the drainage mechanism includes a plurality of elastic plates arranged around the first fixed ring. One end of the elastic plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first fixed ring. Some of the elastic plates are connected to an air bladder at their bottom, and other elastic plates are connected to a transition box at their bottom. The bottom end of the air bladder or transition box is connected to the top of the raft plate through a base. One end of the air bladder or transition box is provided with a water inlet pipe, and the other end is provided with a drain pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the lower part of the hydrophobic guiding layer is tightly fitted with an annular sponge layer. The water inlet pipe connected to the airbag is configured such that a water collection cover is connected to the inner port of the water inlet pipe, and the water collection cover is tightly pressed against the outer surface of the annular sponge layer. Both the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are equipped with one-way valves to restrict the outward flow of water. The water inlet pipe connected to the transition box is configured such that the inner port of the water inlet pipe extends into the gap between the inner wall of the annular groove and the outer wall of the annular baffle, and the height of the inner port of the water inlet pipe is higher than that of the water outlet pipe. The water outlet pipe is connected to the drainage pipe of the basement.

[0015] A replaceable sealing ring or sealing block is provided. The sealing ring is formed by joining two semi-circular sealing bodies. Each sealing body has a post at one end and a slot at the other end that mates with the post. When joined, the post and slot fit tightly to achieve a seal. When the sealing ring is located in the annular groove, it fits tightly with the annular groove. The sealing block also has a replaceable structure, and its specific structural principle is the same as that of the replaceable sealing ring. The assembled sealing block is tightly engaged in the annular groove at the bottom of the first fixing ring.

[0016] Another objective of this invention is to provide a construction method for a seepage prevention device for an independent pier column raft foundation in a basement in a water-rich area.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A construction method for a seepage prevention device for an independent pier column raft foundation of a basement in a water-rich area includes the following steps: Step 1: Construction of raft foundation and pier foundation; Step 2, Waterproofing construction; Step 3: Install the pre-tightening waterproof device; Step 4: Install the shock absorption mechanism; Step 5: Install the drainage mechanism; Step 6, Inspection and Part Replacement.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention, a seepage prevention device for independent pier column raft foundation of basement in water-rich areas, are as follows: This invention comprehensively considers seismic / vibration factors and waterproofing factors, and improves the waterproofing structure of piers and rafts, thereby significantly improving the waterproofing performance and service life of the pier / raft structure and ensuring the safety of the structure under seismic / vibration factors. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the waterproof structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a further embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention along the AA direction.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the replaceable sealing ring provided by the present invention.

[0025] The diagram shows: 1-pier, 2-raft slab, 3-second fixing ring, 4-telescopic waterproof layer, 41-second telescopic waterproof layer; 42-first telescopic waterproof layer; 43-pre-tightening spring; 5-first fixing ring, 51-sealing block; 6-annular groove, 61-gap groove; 62-sealing ring; 621-slot; 622-insertion column; 7-annular fixing seat, 8-positioning bolt, 9-viscous damper, 10-waterproof structure, 101-self-waterproof layer; 102-grouting layer; 103-elastic sealing layer; 104-drainage guiding layer; 105-annular baffle; 11-annular steel plate, 12-threaded hole, 13-elastic plate, 14-airbag or transition box, 15-outlet pipe, 16-inlet pipe, 17-water collection cover, 18-inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The following embodiments can be understood as illustrating a part of the structure or method of the present invention individually, or as combining the embodiments to explain the broader structure or method of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1, combined with Figures 1 to 6 The contents disclosed in this embodiment are as follows: This invention relates to a seepage prevention device for independent pier column raft foundations in basements in water-rich areas, such as... Figure 1-5As shown, the structure includes a waterproof structure 10 that surrounds and tightly adheres to the lower surface of the pier 1; a pre-tightening waterproof device that connects to the surfaces of the pier 1 and the raft slab 2 and is fitted around the waterproof structure 10; a shock-absorbing mechanism connected to the top of the pre-tightening waterproof device and surrounding the outer perimeter of the pier 1; and a drainage mechanism connected to the bottom perimeter of the pre-tightening waterproof device. The waterproof structure provides waterproofing and drainage to the surface of the pier and the connection point between the pier and the raft slab. The pre-tightening waterproof device provides a seal by providing pre-tightening force, thus preventing external water from approaching the pier and the connection point between the pier and the raft slab. Since cracks are prone to occur at the connection point between the pier and the raft slab due to various reasons, the above waterproof structure ensures that even if cracks appear, water will not seep into the connection point, thereby guaranteeing the safety of the pier-raft slab structure and extending its service life. The pre-tightening waterproof device can automatically expand and contract to compensate for various construction vibrations and seismic shocks, maintaining a tight fit between the sealing ring and the sealing block, forming a waterproof barrier that is difficult to penetrate. In addition, the shock absorption mechanism and the pre-tensioning waterproof device work together to provide pre-tensioning force for the pre-tensioning waterproof device, and to consume vibration energy when vibration or shock occurs, disperse the stress at the connection between the pier and the raft, and avoid cracking caused by stress concentration.

[0029] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the pier 1 is vertically installed on the top of the raft slab 2. The waterproof structure 10 includes a self-waterproofing layer 101, a grouting layer 102, an elastic sealing layer 103, and a water-draining layer 104 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside of the pier 1. The bottom ends of the self-waterproofing layer 101, the grouting layer 102, and the elastic sealing layer 103 are tightly connected to the top of the raft slab 2. The top of the raft slab 2 is also integrally formed with an annular baffle 105 around the axis of the pier 1. The bottom end of the water-draining layer 104 is tightly connected to the top of the annular baffle 105. The outer surface of the elastic sealing layer 103 is tightly connected to the inner surface of the annular baffle 105.

[0030] Example 2: Based on the above examples, this example further discloses the following: Specifically, the top of the annular retaining wall 105 slopes outward and downward. The self-waterproofing layer 101 is made of C40P12 concrete with 12% silica fume added (experiments have shown that it can reduce the porosity to below 8% through nano-silica modification). The grouting layer 102 is made of early-strength cement-based grouting material, which, together with the elastic sealing layer, is used to increase the strength of the pier surface. The elastic sealing layer 103 is made of honeycomb FRP-reinforced polyurea coating with a tensile strength ≥22MPa, an elongation at break of 500%, and can adapt to structural deformation of ±5mm. The hydrophobic drainage layer 104 is made of 50mm thick fabric material.

[0031] In this embodiment, the annular retaining platform 105 tightly binds the waterproof layer 101, the grouting layer 102, and the elastic sealing layer 103, ensuring that the above structures are tightly bound between the pier root and the raft slab, preventing them from falling off and affecting the waterproofing effect. At the same time, the annular retaining platform 105 itself constitutes part of the waterproof structure, used to block water from flowing to the connection between the pier and the pier-raft slab. On the other hand, the hydrophobic guiding layer is made of fabric (such as geotextile or other fabrics without a waterproof membrane), which has a certain degree of water absorption. Water is guided to the top of the annular retaining platform by its own gravity and is discharged outward through the inclined surface.

[0032] Example 3: Based on the above examples, this example further discloses the following: In some implementations, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the pre-tightening waterproof device includes an annular groove 6 located at the top of the raft slab 2 and surrounding the axis of the pier column 1. A sealing ring 62 is embedded in the annular groove 6. A sealing block 51 is press-fitted to the top of the sealing ring 62. A first fixing ring 5 is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing block 51. A second fixing ring 3 is provided above the first fixing ring 5. A pre-tightening spring 43 is connected between the first fixing ring 5 and the second fixing ring 3. A first telescopic waterproof layer 42 and a second telescopic waterproof layer 41 are respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the pre-tightening spring 43. The upper and lower ends of the first telescopic waterproof layer 42 and the second telescopic waterproof layer 41 are respectively sealed and fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second fixing ring 3 and the top end of the first fixing ring 5.

[0033] In this embodiment, the pre-tightening spring applies a pre-tightening force to the first fixed ring, and the first fixed ring applies pressure to the sealing block 51. The sealing block tightly squeezes the sealing ring 62. Since the pre-tightening spring, the first telescopic waterproof layer 42, and the second telescopic waterproof layer 41 can all expand and contract, they can automatically expand and contract to achieve a lasting seal between the sealing block and the sealing ring in response to various vibrations or vibration factors. This completely prevents water from flowing to the pier side. Even if the connection between the pier and the raft slab cracks due to the plastic hinge, it will not affect the waterproofing effect.

[0034] Example 4: Based on the above examples, this example further discloses the following: In a further embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, the annular groove 6 is made of stainless steel. The bottom of the annular groove 6 is pre-embedded in the raft slab 2 and fixedly connected to the reinforcing cage in the raft slab 2. The connection between the annular groove 6 and the raft slab 2 is sealed with a sealing material. The first telescopic waterproof layer 42 and the second telescopic waterproof layer 41 are made of rubber. The inner surface of the first fixing ring 5 and the annular groove 6 (the surface facing the pier) are respectively clearance-fitted with the outer wall of the annular retaining platform 105. The second fixing ring 3 is clearance-fitted with the outer wall of the pier 1. In addition to preventing water from flowing to the pier, the annular groove also plays another important role: through its connection with the first fixing ring, the pre-tensioning spring, and the second fixing ring, it transmits vibration or vibration stress to the damping mechanism, thereby preventing the connection between the pier and the raft slab from becoming a plastic hinge, and thus effectively preventing the formation of cracks at this location.

[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 4, the damping mechanism includes an annular fixed seat 7 fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the pier 1, and several viscous dampers 9 evenly distributed around the axis of the pier 1 at the bottom of the annular fixed seat 7. One end of the viscous damper 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular fixed seat 7, and the other end is ball-jointed to the top of the second fixed ring 3. When the raft slab swings relative to the pier, the vibration force is transmitted to the viscous damper through the annular groove, the first fixed ring, the pre-tension spring, and the second fixed ring. Thus, in most cases, the vibration force is dissipated by the viscous damper before it reaches the connection position between the pier and the raft slab, thereby avoiding cracking at the connection position between the pier and the raft slab caused by stress concentration.

[0036] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, an annular steel plate 11, coaxial with the pier 1, is pre-embedded on the surface of the pier 1. Several radially arranged threaded holes 12 are evenly distributed on the annular steel plate 11. The annular fixing seat 7 has through holes corresponding to the threaded holes 12. The annular fixing seat 7 is fixedly connected to the pier 1 by positioning bolts 8 passing through the through holes and screwed to the threaded holes 12. The installation position of the annular fixing seat 7 depends on the pre-tightening force effect required by the pre-tightening spring. The pre-tightening force is used to ensure a tight fit between the sealing block and the sealing ring. The sealing block can also be made of elastic rubber.

[0037] Example 5: Based on the above examples, this example further discloses the following: In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the drainage mechanism includes several elastic plates 13 arranged around the first fixed ring 5. One end of the elastic plate 13 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first fixed ring 5. Some of the elastic plates 13 have airbags connected to their bottoms, and other elastic plates have transition boxes connected to their bottoms. The bottom end of the airbag or transition box 14 is connected to the top of the raft plate through the base. One end of the airbag or transition box 14 is provided with a water inlet pipe, and the other end is provided with a drain pipe.

[0038] Specifically, the lower part of the hydrophobic guiding layer 104 is tightly fitted with an annular sponge layer (not shown in the figure). The water inlet pipe connected to the airbag is configured such that a water collection cover 17 (in the shape of a trumpet, with one end of the opening matching the shape of the outer surface of the annular sponge layer) is connected to the inner port of the water inlet pipe 16. The water collection cover 17 is tightly pressed against the outer surface of the annular sponge layer. Both the water inlet pipe 16 and the water outlet pipe 15 are equipped with one-way valves to restrict the outward flow of water. The hydrophobic guiding layer 104 is used to guide the water flow near the pier. If there is a lot of water in the hydrophobic guiding layer 104, it is necessary to investigate the source of water ingress to prevent accidental water ingress. During the test, the elastic plate is repeatedly stepped on with the foot, and the airbag is repeatedly compressed to extract the water from the annular sponge layer. If no water or a small amount of water is extracted, it means that the waterproof performance is not a problem. If a large amount of water is extracted, the factor of accidental water ingress should be considered. The levels of trace and large quantities can be set according to the needs of the project site environment, the diameter of the outlet pipe, and the water absorption capacity of the annular sponge layer.

[0039] In addition, the water inlet pipe 16 connected to the transition box is configured such that its inner end extends into the gap between the inner wall of the annular groove and the outer wall of the annular baffle, and the height of the inner end of the water inlet pipe 16 is higher than that of the water outlet pipe 15, which is connected to the drainage pipe of the basement. When water accumulates in the aforementioned gap, it can flow out through the water inlet pipe, the transition box, and the water outlet pipe, thus preventing a large amount of water from accumulating between the pre-tightening waterproof device and the waterproof structure.

[0040] In a further embodiment, the present invention also provides a replaceable sealing ring or sealing block, such as Figure 6 As shown, the sealing ring is formed by connecting two semi-circular sealing bodies. Each sealing body has a post 622 at one end and a slot 621 that mates with the post 622 at the other end. When connected, the post 622 and the slot 621 fit tightly to achieve a seal. When the sealing ring is located in the annular groove 6, it fits tightly with the annular groove. The sealing block 51 also has a replaceable structure. Its specific structural principle is the same as that of the replaceable sealing ring. The assembled sealing block 51 is tightly engaged in the annular groove (not shown in the figure) at the bottom of the first fixing ring.

[0041] Example 6: Based on the above examples, this example further discloses the following: Working principle of the invention: Waterproofing is provided for the lower part of the pier and the connection between the pier and the raft slab, and a waterproof structure is provided, including a self-waterproofing layer 101, a grouting layer 102, an elastic sealing layer 103, a water-draining and diversion layer 104, and an annular baffle 105. Based on the principles of flow obstruction and sealing, waterproofing is achieved on the surface of the pier and at the connection between the pier and the raft slab.

[0042] The water on the surface of the pier is diverted to the outside of the annular retaining wall through the hydrophobic diversion layer, and the accumulated water is then poured into the drainage pipe.

[0043] By absorbing water from the annular sponge layer around the hydrophobic drainage layer, the degree of water accumulation around the waterproof structure can be determined, thereby identifying any potential sources of unexpected water flow.

[0044] By transmitting vibration or vibration force to the viscous damper through the annular groove, the first fixed ring, the preload spring, and the second fixed ring, the seismic vibration or vibration stress is dispersed, thus preventing cracking at the connection between the pier and the raft slab due to the formation of a plastic hinge, thereby avoiding the formation of a plastic hinge at the connection between the pier and the raft slab.

[0045] The pre-tightening waterproof device effectively blocks water flow even under vibration or other factors, and provides dual protection against water damage and structural safety by transmitting vibration or stress.

[0046] It should be mentioned that if the sealing ring or sealing block is damaged, the second fixing ring can be lifted upwards by external force. After the pre-tension spring extends to its natural length, continue to lift it upwards to remove the damaged sealing ring or sealing block and replace it with a new one.

[0047] Example 7: Based on the above examples, this example further discloses the following: A construction method for a seepage prevention device for an independent pier column raft foundation of a basement in a water-rich area includes the following steps: Step 1, Construction of raft foundation and pier foundation: During the raft foundation reinforcement binding stage, an annular groove (made of stainless steel) is pre-embedded at a predetermined position on the outer periphery of the pier column. The bottom of the annular groove is fixedly connected to the raft foundation reinforcement cage, and the connection between the annular groove and the raft foundation is sealed with sealing material. At the same time, an annular steel plate (coaxial with the pier column) is pre-embedded at a predetermined height on the surface of the pier column, and radial threaded holes are opened on the annular steel plate.

[0048] Step 2, Waterproofing Construction: 2.1 Construction of self-waterproofing layer: The self-waterproofing layer (C40P12 concrete with 12% silica fume) is poured from the inside to the outside around the lower part of the pier column, and its bottom end is tightly connected to the top of the raft slab. 2.2 Grouting layer construction: A grouting layer (early-strength cement-based grout) is constructed on the outside of the self-waterproofing layer, with the bottom end tightly connected to the top of the raft slab; 2.3 Construction of elastic sealing layer: An elastic sealing layer (honeycomb FRP reinforced polyurea coating) is constructed on the outside of the grouting layer, with the bottom end tightly connected to the top of the raft slab and the outer surface adhering to the inner surface of the subsequent annular baffle. 2.4. Annular baffle forming: An annular baffle is integrally formed around the axis of the pier column at the top of the raft slab (the top is inclined to the outside and downward), so that the outer surface of the elastic sealing layer is tightly connected to the inner surface of the annular baffle. 2.5 Construction of the hydrophobic drainage layer: A hydrophobic drainage layer (50mm thick fabric material) is constructed on the outside of the elastic sealing layer, with its bottom end tightly connected to the top of the annular baffle.

[0049] Step 3, Installation of the pre-tightening waterproof device: 3.1 Sealing ring installation: The sealing ring is embedded in the annular groove; 3.2 Connection between sealing block and first fixing ring: Place the sealing block on top of the sealing ring and press it in place. The top of the sealing block is fixedly connected to the first fixing ring (the inner surface of the first fixing ring is in clearance fit with the outer wall of the annular baffle). 3.3 Installation of the telescopic waterproof layer and the second fixing ring: A second fixing ring (with clearance fit to the outer wall of the pier column) is set above the first fixing ring. The first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are connected by a pre-tightening spring. The first and second telescopic waterproof layers (rubber material) are respectively set on the inner and outer sides of the pre-tightening spring. The upper and lower ends of the telescopic waterproof layer are sealed and fixed to the bottom end of the second fixing ring and the top end of the first fixing ring, respectively.

[0050] Step 4, Installation of the shock absorption mechanism: 4.1 Fixing the annular fixing seat: Install the annular fixing seat on the annular steel plate pre-embedded in the pier column by means of positioning bolts (the through hole corresponds to the threaded hole of the annular steel plate and is screwed in). 4.2 Viscous damper connection: Several viscous dampers are evenly distributed around the axis of the pier at the bottom of the annular fixed seat. One end of the viscous damper is fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular fixed seat, and the other end is ball-jointed to the top of the second fixed ring.

[0051] Step 5, Drainage mechanism installation: Several elastic plates are installed around the outer wall of the first fixed ring. Some elastic plates are connected to airbags at the bottom, and the rest are connected to transition boxes. The bottom of the airbags / transition boxes is fixed to the top of the raft slab through the base. One end of the airbag / transition box is connected to the water inlet pipe (the inner port is equipped with a water collection cover, which is tightly pressed into the annular sponge layer outside the drainage layer), and the other end is connected to the drain pipe (connected to the basement drainage pipe). Both the water inlet pipe and the drain pipe are equipped with one-way valves.

[0052] Step 6, Inspection and Part Replacement: After construction is completed, check the tightness and sealing performance of each layer; if the sealing ring or sealing block is damaged, use external force to lift the second fixing ring to extend the pre-tightening spring, remove the damaged part, replace it with a new sealing ring / sealing block, and then reset the second fixing ring.

Claims

1. A seepage prevention device for independent pier column raft foundation of basement in water-rich areas, characterized in that: The waterproof structure is arranged around and closely adheres to the lower surface of the pier column, the pre-tightening waterproof device is connected between the surface of the pier column and the raft and is sleeved outside the waterproof structure, the damping mechanism is connected with the top of the pre-tightening waterproof device and is arranged around the outer periphery of the pier column, and the drainage mechanism is connected with the bottom of the pre-tightening waterproof device.

2. The anti-leakage device for the basement independent pier raft foundation in water-rich areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof structure comprises, from inside to outside, a self-waterproof layer, a grouting layer, an elastic sealing layer and a hydrophobic flow guide layer which are arranged around the outer periphery of the pier column, the bottom ends of the self-waterproof layer, the grouting layer and the elastic sealing layer are closely connected with the top end of the raft, the top end of the raft is integrally formed with an annular retaining platform around the axis of the pier column, the bottom end of the hydrophobic flow guide layer is closely connected with the top end of the annular retaining platform, and the outer surface of the elastic sealing layer is closely connected with the inner surface of the annular retaining platform.

3. The anti-leakage device for the basement independent pier raft foundation in water-rich areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top end of the annular retaining platform is inclined downward and outward, the self-waterproof layer is made of C40P12 concrete mixed with 12% silica ash, the grouting layer is made of early-strength cement-based grouting material, the elastic sealing layer is made of honeycomb FRP reinforced polyurea coating, and the hydrophobic flow guide layer is made of 50mm-thick fabric material.

4. The anti-leakage device for the basement independent pier raft foundation in water-rich areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pre-tightening waterproof device comprises an annular groove arranged on the top end of the raft and around the axis of the pier column, a sealing ring embedded in the annular groove, a sealing block press-fitted on the top end of the sealing ring, a first fixing ring fixedly connected with the top end of the sealing block, a second fixing ring arranged above the first fixing ring, a pre-tightening spring connected between the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring, a first telescopic waterproof layer and a second telescopic waterproof layer arranged on the inner and outer sides of the pre-tightening spring respectively, and the upper and lower ends of the first telescopic waterproof layer and the second telescopic waterproof layer are sealingly and fixedly connected with the bottom end of the second fixing ring and the top end of the first fixing ring respectively.

5. The anti-leakage device for the independent pier raft foundation of the basement in the water-rich area according to claim 4, characterized in that: The annular groove is made of stainless steel material, the bottom of the annular groove is embedded in the raft and fixedly connected with the steel cage in the raft, the connection between the annular groove and the raft is sealingly connected by a sealing material, the first telescopic waterproof layer and the second telescopic waterproof layer are respectively made of rubber material, the first fixing ring and the inner surface of the annular groove are gap-fitted with the outer wall of the annular retaining platform respectively, and the second fixing ring is gap-fitted with the outer wall of the pier column.

6. The anti-leakage device for the basement independent pier raft foundation in water-rich areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The damping mechanism comprises an annular fixing seat fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the pier column and a plurality of viscous dampers uniformly distributed on the bottom of the annular fixing seat around the axis of the pier column, one end of each viscous damper is fixedly connected with the bottom of the annular fixing seat, and the other end is connected with the top of the second fixing ring through a spherical hinge.

7. The anti-leakage device for the independent pier raft foundation of the basement in the water-rich area according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface of the pier column is embedded with a coaxial annular steel plate, a plurality of radially arranged threaded holes are uniformly distributed on the annular steel plate, a through hole corresponding to each threaded hole is arranged on the annular fixing seat, and the annular fixing seat is fixedly connected with the pier column through positioning bolts which pass through the through holes and are screwed with the threaded holes.

8. The anti-leakage device for the independent pier raft foundation of the basement in the water-rich area according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drainage mechanism includes several elastic plates arranged around the first fixed ring. One end of the elastic plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first fixed ring. Some of the elastic plates are connected to the bottom of an airbag, and other elastic plates are connected to the bottom of a transition box. The bottom end of the airbag or transition box is connected to the top of the raft plate through a base. One end of the airbag or transition box is provided with a water inlet pipe, and the other end is provided with a drain pipe. The lower part of the hydrophobic flow guiding layer is tightly fitted with an annular sponge layer. The water inlet pipe connected to the airbag is configured such that a water collection cover is connected to the inner port of the water inlet pipe. The water collection cover is tightly pressed against the outer surface of the annular sponge layer. Both the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are equipped with one-way valves to restrict the outward flow of water. The water inlet pipe connected to the transition box is configured such that the inner port of the water inlet pipe extends into the gap between the inner wall of the annular groove and the outer wall of the annular baffle. Moreover, the height of the inner port of the water inlet pipe is higher than that of the water outlet pipe. The water outlet pipe is connected to the drainage pipe of the basement.

9. A replaceable seal ring or seal block characterised in that: The sealing ring is formed by joining two semi-circular sealing bodies. Each sealing body has a post at one end and a slot at the other end that mates with the post. When joined, the post and slot fit tightly to achieve a seal. When the sealing ring is located in the annular groove, it fits tightly with the annular groove. The sealing block also has a replaceable structure, and its specific structural principle is the same as that of the replaceable sealing ring. The assembled sealing block is tightly engaged in the annular groove at the bottom of the first fixing ring.

10. A method for constructing a waterproofing device for a basement isolated pier raft foundation in a water-rich area, characterized by: The anti-seepage device for independent pier column raft foundation of basement in water-rich areas as described in claim 8 includes the following steps: Step 1: Construction of raft foundation and pier foundation; Step 2, Waterproofing construction; Step 3: Install the pre-tightening waterproof device; Step 4: Install the shock absorption mechanism; Step 5: Install the drainage mechanism; Step 6, Inspection and Part Replacement.

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