Compressor valve plate fatigue testing device and testing method

Abstract

A compressor valve plate fatigue testing device disclosed by the present invention comprises a high-pressure cavity and an exhaust cavity, a valve plate is arranged between the high-pressure cavity and the exhaust cavity, a valve seat and an exhaust port are arranged on the valve plate, a sound collector is arranged in the high-pressure cavity and / or the exhaust cavity, the high-pressure cavity is connected with an air supply part, and the air supply part is connected with a sound receiving part. Real opening and closing impact of the valve plate can be accurately reproduced within the range of 10-200 Hz through the controllable air pressure system, the whole machine can be separated from independent operation in a laboratory, and the verification mode that a traditional verification mode depends on hundreds of hours to thousands of hours of whole machine testing and disassembling can be completed after being compressed to several hours. The day-level and even hour-level rapid verification of the performance of the valve plate is realized, and the research and development iteration speed of a new material, a new structure and a new coating is greatly accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compressor valve plate testing technology, specifically a compressor valve plate fatigue testing device and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] As a core moving component of a refrigeration compressor, the compressor valve plate operates at an opening and closing frequency of approximately 10–200 Hz, directly determining the refrigerant flow efficiency and reverse leakage. If the valve plate fails due to fatigue cracks or impact wear, it will cause a sharp drop in compressor volumetric efficiency, a surge in noise, and even jamming and shutdown. Its reliability and fatigue life directly determine the overall performance and service life of the compressor. During compressor operation, the valve plate must withstand high-frequency opening and closing actions, and is under long-term alternating stress, making it highly susceptible to fatigue fracture, plastic deformation, or sealing failure. Therefore, accurate and efficient testing and verification of the valve plate's fatigue performance and operating condition are crucial before mass production.

[0003] Currently, the traditional method for verifying valve plate reliability in the industry involves assembling the valve plate into a complete compressor and conducting compressor durability tests lasting hundreds to thousands of hours (e.g., 500, 1000, or 2000 hours). After the test, the valve plate is disassembled to observe for breakage, curling, or wear, and the cause of failure is determined based on experience. While this method can ultimately reflect the failure results of the valve plate under real operating conditions, it has several inherent drawbacks: First, the testing cycle is extremely long, severely delaying the research and development and iteration of new valve plate designs; second, the internal environment of a compressor is complex, and valve plate failure is the result of the coupled effects of multiple factors such as mechanical stress, fluid impact, and temperature field, making it difficult to isolate interfering factors and accurately pinpoint the root cause of valve plate fatigue during whole-machine testing; finally, this method is a "post-hoc analysis," unable to provide early warnings when valve plate performance deteriorates, consuming a large amount of time and resources without obtaining effective improvement data. This method is time-consuming and costly. Furthermore, the coupling of multiple factors such as high temperature, high pressure, oil film, and airflow pulsation inside the compressor causes the valve failure mode to be "submerged" in the interference signals of the whole machine, making it difficult to accurately locate the root cause of fatigue.

[0004] With the continuous emergence of extreme operating conditions such as new refrigerants, high speeds, and large pressure differentials, the R&D sector is demanding "weekly" or even "daily" verification cycles for valve fatigue life. Traditional durability testing has severely hampered the iteration speed of new materials, structures, and coatings. Therefore, the industry urgently needs a testing method and platform that can simulate the real operating conditions of valves in a laboratory environment, independent of the complete machine, and can quickly and accurately diagnose their working status. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a compressor valve plate fatigue testing device and testing method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A compressor valve plate fatigue testing device includes a high-pressure chamber and an exhaust chamber. A valve plate is provided between the high-pressure chamber and the exhaust chamber. A valve seat and an exhaust port are provided on the valve plate. A sound collector is provided in the high-pressure chamber and / or the exhaust chamber. The high-pressure chamber is connected to an air supply unit, and the exhaust chamber is connected to an exhaust unit.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: an image acquisition device is provided for acquiring images of the valve plate opening and closing process. The image acquisition device is located inside or outside the exhaust chamber. When the image acquisition device is located outside the exhaust chamber, a transparent observation window is provided on the exhaust chamber.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the gas supply unit includes a high-pressure gas generator, the high-pressure gas generator is connected to the high-pressure chamber through a high-pressure gas inlet pipe, and an electric proportional valve is provided on the high-pressure gas inlet pipe.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: a gas storage tank is provided between the high-pressure gas generator and the electro-proportional valve, and a first solenoid valve is provided at the outlet end of the high-pressure gas generator.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: a vacuum tube is connected to the high-pressure chamber, and a second solenoid valve and a vacuum pump are provided on the vacuum tube.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: the exhaust section includes an exhaust pipe communicating with the exhaust chamber, and a third solenoid valve is provided on the exhaust pipe.

[0012] A method for testing compressor valve plates includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the valve plate to be tested; Step 2: Turn on the sound capture device and image capture device; Step 3: Perform valve plate testing for N cycles. Each cycle of valve plate testing includes the following steps: Step 3.1: Introduce high-pressure gas into the high-pressure chamber. Stop introducing high-pressure gas into the high-pressure chamber when the high-pressure gas pushes open the valve plate and enters the exhaust chamber. Step 3.2: Expel the gas from the exhaust chamber; Step 3.3: Turn on the vacuum pump to evacuate the high-pressure chamber until the valve plate closes; Step 4: Analyze the audio and image data collected in N cycles.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: in step 1, the valve plate includes a valve plate striking part, and a valve plate mounting hole is provided at one end of the valve plate away from the valve plate striking part. The valve plate mounting hole is fixedly connected to the valve seat on the valve plate by screws. The valve plate is located in the exhaust chamber and the valve plate striking part covers the exhaust port.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: In step 3.1, the electro-proportional valve of the high-pressure chamber is opened, and high-pressure gas enters the high-pressure chamber. When the exhaust pressure is reached, the valve plate opens; the electro-proportional valve closes, and high-pressure gas stops entering. In step 3.2, by opening the third solenoid valve, the gas in the exhaust chamber is discharged through the exhaust pipe. In step 3.3, the vacuum pump is started to extract the gas in the high-pressure chamber. When the set pressure is reached, the second solenoid valve closes, the vacuum pump stops working, and the valve plate begins to close.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: in step 3, the frequency of one test cycle is 10Hz-200Hz, and the sound acquisition frequency and image acquisition frequency are not lower than the test frequency.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Testing efficiency is improved by orders of magnitude, greatly shortening the R&D cycle. This application accurately reproduces the actual opening and closing impact of valve plates in the 10–200Hz range through a controllable air pressure system. It can operate independently in the laboratory without the whole machine. The traditional verification mode that relies on "hundreds to thousands of hours of whole machine testing and disassembly" can be compressed to a few hours. It realizes the "daily" or even "hourly" rapid verification of valve plate performance, which greatly accelerates the R&D iteration speed of new materials, new structures and new coatings.

[0017] 2. Achieving early fault warning and precise location of failure root causes: By simultaneously acquiring acoustic emission signals from valve opening and closing and high-speed motion images, it can keenly capture early performance degradation characteristics such as fatigue crack initiation and motion instability. Sudden changes in sound and deviations in motion posture can quantitatively correspond to the degree of valve degradation, effectively isolating the coupling interference of multiple factors such as temperature and oil film in the overall machine environment, thereby accurately locating the root cause of failure and providing direct and reliable data support for design optimization.

[0018] 3. Significantly reduced testing costs, with strong controllability and reproducibility. This platform avoids expensive and time-consuming whole-machine durability testing. A single system can be compatible with testing multiple valve plate specifications, saving significant costs on prototypes, test benches, and materials. Simultaneously, key parameters such as pressure and frequency can be precisely and independently controlled, ensuring a high degree of consistency in testing conditions and the reproducibility of results, significantly improving the quality, efficiency, and economy of product development. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1This is a floor plan view of this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a 3D view of the valve plate in this embodiment; Figure 4 This is a 3D view of the valve plate in this embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of this embodiment; In the diagram: 1-valve plate, 11-valve seat, 12-exhaust port, 2-high pressure chamber, 21-high pressure gas generator, 22-first solenoid valve, 23-gas storage tank, 24-electric proportional valve, 25-high pressure inlet pipe, 26-vacuum pump, 27-second solenoid valve, 28-vacuum tube, 3-exhaust chamber, 31-exhaust pipe, 32-third solenoid valve, 4-valve plate, 41-valve plate mounting hole, 42-valve plate striking part, 5-screw, 6-sound acquisition unit, 7-image acquisition unit. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figure 1-5 In this embodiment of the invention, a compressor valve plate fatigue testing device includes a high-pressure chamber 2 and an exhaust chamber 3. A valve plate 1 is disposed between the high-pressure chamber 2 and the exhaust chamber 3. A valve seat 11 and an exhaust port 12 are disposed on the valve plate 1. A collector 6 for collecting the sound generated by the valve plate during the opening and closing process of the valve plate is disposed in the high-pressure chamber 2 and / or the exhaust chamber 3. An image collector 7 for collecting images of the valve plate opening and closing process is provided. The image collector 7 is disposed inside or outside the exhaust chamber 3. When the image collector 7 is located outside the exhaust chamber 3, a transparent observation window is provided on the exhaust chamber 3.

[0022] The high-pressure chamber 2 is connected to a gas supply unit, and the exhaust chamber 3 is connected to an exhaust unit. The gas supply unit 2 includes a high-pressure gas generator 21, which is connected to the high-pressure chamber 2 via a high-pressure inlet pipe 25. An electro-proportional valve 24 is installed on the high-pressure inlet pipe 25. A gas storage tank 23 is installed between the high-pressure gas generator 21 and the electro-proportional valve 24. A first solenoid valve 22 is installed at the outlet end of the high-pressure gas generator 21. A vacuum tube 28 is connected to the high-pressure chamber 2. A second solenoid valve 27 and a vacuum pump 26 are installed on the vacuum tube 28. The exhaust unit includes an exhaust pipe 31 connected to the exhaust chamber 3. A third solenoid valve 32 is installed on the exhaust pipe 31.

[0023] A method for testing compressor valve plates includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the valve plate 4 to be tested. In this embodiment, the valve plate 4 includes a valve plate striking part 42. A valve plate mounting hole 41 is provided at one end of the valve plate 4 away from the valve plate striking part 42. The valve plate mounting hole 41 is fixedly connected to the valve seat 11 on the valve plate 1 by screws 5. The valve plate 4 is located in the exhaust chamber 3 and the valve plate striking part 42 covers the exhaust port 12. Step 2: Turn on the sound acquisition device 6 and the image acquisition device 7; Step 3: Perform valve plate testing for N cycles. The frequency of one test cycle is 10Hz-200Hz, and the sound acquisition frequency and image acquisition frequency are not lower than the test frequency. The valve plate test for each cycle includes the following steps: Step 3.1: High-pressure gas is introduced into the high-pressure chamber 2. When the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure chamber 2 pushes open the valve plate 4 and enters the exhaust chamber 3, the introduction of high-pressure gas into the high-pressure chamber 2 is stopped. In this embodiment, the electro-proportional valve 24 of the high-pressure chamber 2 is opened, and the high-pressure gas enters the high-pressure chamber 2. When the exhaust pressure is reached, the valve plate 4 is opened; the electro-proportional valve 24 is closed, and the high-pressure gas stops entering. Step 3.2: By opening the third solenoid valve 32, the gas in the exhaust chamber 3 is discharged through the exhaust pipe 31; Step 3.3: Start vacuum pump 26 to extract gas from high-pressure chamber 2. When the set pressure is reached, the second solenoid valve closes, vacuum pump 26 stops working, and valve plate 4 begins to close. Step 4: Analyze the audio and image data collected in N cycles.

[0024] In this embodiment, the sound and image of the valve plate under normal conditions are first collected, such as the frequency and pitch of the sound during normal valve plate testing, as well as the swing amplitude of the valve plate itself. The data collected under normal conditions is used as standard comparison data. Then, the test data collected in the actual test is compared with the standard comparison data. When the deviation between the collected real-time data and the standard comparison data exceeds the set threshold, it is determined that the valve plate is fatigued.

[0025] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A compressor valve fatigue testing apparatus, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of valve test device, including high-pressure cavity (2) and exhaust cavity (3), the high-pressure cavity (2), exhaust cavity (3) between being provided with valve plate (1), valve seat (11) and exhaust port (12) are provided on the valve plate (1), sound collector (6) is provided in the high-pressure cavity (2) and or exhaust cavity (3), the high-pressure cavity (2) is connected with gas supply part, the exhaust cavity (3) is connected with exhaust part.

2. A compressor valve fatigue testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein It is provided with image collector (7) for collecting the image of valve piece opening and closing process, the image collector (7) is arranged in the exhaust cavity (3) or outside the exhaust cavity (3), when the image collector (7) is located outside the exhaust cavity (3), transparent observation window is provided on the exhaust cavity (3).

3. The compressor valve fatigue testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The gas supply part (2) includes high-pressure gas generator (21), the high-pressure gas generator (21) is communicated with the high-pressure cavity (2) by high-pressure inlet pipe (25), and an electric proportional valve (24) is arranged on the high-pressure inlet pipe (25).

4. The compressor valve fatigue testing apparatus of claim 3, wherein, A gas storage tank (23) is arranged between the high-pressure gas generator (21) and the electric proportional valve (24), and a first electromagnetic valve (22) is arranged at the gas outlet end of the high-pressure gas generator (21).

5. The compressor valve fatigue testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, A vacuum pipe (28) is connected to the high-pressure cavity (2), and a second electromagnetic valve (27) and a vacuum pump (26) are arranged on the vacuum pipe (28).

6. The compressor valve fatigue testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The exhaust part includes an exhaust pipe (31) communicated with the exhaust cavity (3), and a third electromagnetic valve (32) is arranged on the exhaust pipe (31).

7. A method of testing a compressor valve using the compressor valve fatigue testing apparatus of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The utility model includes the following steps: Step 1, install the valve piece (4) to be tested; Step 2, turn on the sound collector (6) and the image collector (7); Step 3, carry out N cycles of valve piece test, and each cycle of valve piece test includes the following steps: Step 3.1, high-pressure gas is introduced into the high-pressure cavity (2), and the introduction of high-pressure gas into the high-pressure cavity (2) is stopped when the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure cavity (2) pushes the valve piece (4) to enter the exhaust cavity (3); Step 3.2, the gas in the exhaust cavity (3) is discharged; Step 3.3, the vacuum pump (26) is turned on to exhaust the high-pressure cavity (2) until the valve piece (4) is closed; Step 4, analyze the sound data and image data collected in N cycles.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, In step 1, the valve piece (4) includes a valve piece striking part (42), one end of the valve piece (4) away from the valve piece striking part (42) is provided with a valve piece mounting hole (41), the valve piece mounting hole (41) is fixedly connected with the valve seat (11) on the valve plate (1) through a screw (5), and the valve piece (4) is located in the exhaust cavity (3) and the valve piece striking part (42) covers the exhaust port of the exhaust port (12).

9. The method of claim 7, wherein, In the step 3.1, the electric proportional valve (24) of the high-pressure cavity (2) is opened, the high-pressure gas enters the high-pressure cavity (2), and the valve plate (4) is opened when the exhaust pressure is reached; the electric proportional valve (24) is closed, and the high-pressure gas stops entering; in the step 3.2, the gas in the exhaust cavity (3) is discharged through the exhaust pipe (31) by opening the third electromagnetic valve (32); in the step 3.3, the vacuum pump (26) is started, the gas in the high-pressure cavity (2) is pumped out, the second electromagnetic valve is closed when the set pressure is reached, the vacuum pump (26) stops working, and the valve plate (4) starts to close.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein, In the step 3, the frequency of one test cycle is 10Hz-200Hz, and the sound collection frequency and the image collection frequency are not lower than the test frequency.

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