A gravity energy storage system

Abstract

The application discloses a gravity energy storage system, and belongs to the technical field of electric energy storage systems. The gravity energy storage system comprises a mountain body base, a ring track, a bearing vehicle, a mass block synchronizing device, a mass block, an upper stacking area and a lower stacking area. The side surface of the mountain body base is provided with the ring track. The bottom area of the mountain body base is provided with the lower stacking area and the mass block synchronizing device. The top of the mountain body base is provided with the upper stacking area and the mass block synchronizing device. The bearing vehicle moves along the ring track. The mass block synchronizing device loads the mass block in the bearing vehicle or unloads the mass block from the bearing vehicle. The application can complete the loading and unloading of the mass block without stopping. A plurality of bearing vehicles move on the ring track. The loading and unloading of the bearing vehicles that bear the mass blocks on the left and right sides are controlled to control the charging and discharging working conditions of the whole gravity energy storage system, so that the quick charging and discharging working condition switching function of the system is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical energy storage system technology, and more particularly to a gravity energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Gravity energy storage is a large-scale physical energy storage technology based on the principle of gravitational potential energy. Its core mechanism involves using an electrically driven system to lift heavy objects (such as concrete blocks, metal blocks, or water) to store electrical energy, which is then used to drive a generator to produce electricity when needed. As the global energy structure accelerates its transition to intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power, the demand for large-scale energy storage technologies with long-term energy storage capabilities and low cost per kilowatt-hour is increasingly urgent. Against this backdrop, traditional pumped hydro storage is limited by geographical conditions and cannot be widely adopted, while lithium-ion battery energy storage faces problems such as high cost and limited resources. These factors have collectively driven gravity energy storage technology to become an important research direction in the current energy storage field.

[0003] Since 2010, modern gravity energy storage technology has entered a phase of rapid development, giving rise to various innovative technological approaches: solid heavy object stacking (such as Energy Vault's tower crane system), inclined rail train type (such as ARES's electric train system), and abandoned mine shaft type (such as Gravitricity's deep well system). These technological solutions generally have significant advantages: system lifespan can reach 30-50 years, far exceeding that of chemical batteries; the cost per kilowatt-hour can be controlled at a relatively low level of $0.05-0.15 per kilowatt-hour; at the same time, by adopting physical energy storage methods, chemical pollution is completely avoided, exhibiting outstanding environmental characteristics. In addition, gravity energy storage systems are flexibly scalable, suitable for both distributed small-scale energy storage and large-scale grid-scale applications.

[0004] Achieving non-stop switching in gravity energy storage systems faces several technical challenges: First, the inertia of the mechanical system causes a response delay when the direction of the load changes, requiring the motor to quickly switch from electric mode to generator mode, and the transmission mechanism must withstand the impact of sudden directional changes. Second, power fluctuations are prone to occur during switching, affecting the stability of the power grid frequency, which is particularly critical for systems participating in frequency regulation services. Furthermore, the switching process is accompanied by significant energy conversion efficiency losses, including kinetic energy loss and additional energy consumption during the transition phase, potentially reducing the overall system efficiency by 5%–10%. The design of safety protection mechanisms also presents challenges, requiring a balance between overload protection and rapid switching, and between emergency braking and smooth transition. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gravity energy storage system that can complete the loading and unloading of mass blocks without shutting down the system. Multiple carrier vehicles move on a circular track. The charging and discharging conditions of the entire gravity energy storage system are controlled by controlling the loading and unloading of the carrier vehicles carrying mass blocks on the left and right sides, thereby realizing the system's rapid charging and discharging condition switching function.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a gravity energy storage system, comprising a mountain base, a circular track, a carrier vehicle, a mass block synchronization device, mass blocks, an upper stacking area, and a lower stacking area. The circular track is provided on the side of the mountain base, the lower stacking area and the mass block synchronization device are provided at the bottom of the mountain base, and the upper stacking area and the mass block synchronization device are provided at the top of the mountain base. The carrier vehicle moves along the circular track, and the mass block synchronization device loads the mass blocks into the carrier vehicle or unloads the mass blocks from the carrier vehicle.

[0007] Preferably, the mass block synchronization device includes a synchronization connection device, an electromagnetic push-pull device, a ball bearing conveyor chain, and a synchronization track. The synchronization connection device and the electromagnetic push-pull device are mounted on the same connecting plate and move together along the synchronization track. The ball bearing conveyor chain is mounted on the top and bottom areas of the mountain base, and is parallel to the top and bottom edges of the circular track. The mass block slides on the ball bearing conveyor chain.

[0008] Preferably, the synchronous docking device includes a synchronous rod, and a pantograph is provided on the front side wall of the carrier vehicle. The synchronous rod contacts the pantograph, so that the carrier vehicle, the synchronous docking device and the mass block it carries move at the same speed.

[0009] Preferably, the electromagnetic push-pull device includes a push-pull rod, the end of which is electromagnetically attracted to a mass block, and the push-pull rod loads the mass block into the carrier vehicle or unloads the mass block from the carrier vehicle.

[0010] Preferably, the carrier includes rollers, an electro-hydraulic device, an in-vehicle sensor c, and a protective rod. The carrier is U-shaped, with multiple rollers arranged on the inner wall of the carrier. The in-vehicle sensor c is arranged on the inner wall of the carrier to monitor whether the mass block has completely entered or left the vehicle body.

[0011] An electro-hydraulic device is installed on the top of the carrier, and a hydraulic sensor is installed inside the electro-hydraulic device. The hydraulic sensor determines that the mass block has completely entered the carrier and then activates the electro-hydraulic device to stabilize the mass block. The protective rod and the motor are both located on the top of the carrier, and the motor drives the protective rod to rotate.

[0012] Preferably, track sensor a and track sensor b are provided on the circular track, with track sensor a located on the upper part of the right side of the circular track and track sensor b located on the lower part of the left side of the circular track.

[0013] Preferably, the interval between each of the vehicle-mounted vehicles is L.

[0014] Preferred method includes a charging method, with the following steps:

[0015] The carrier vehicle runs counterclockwise on the circular track. Starting from the lower stacking area, the carrier vehicle, which has been loaded with mass blocks before departure, runs along the positive X-axis of the track to the track sensor a. When it reaches the track sensor a, the synchronous docking device in the upper stacking area receives a signal and prepares for synchronous docking. The synchronous motor is the electromagnetic push-pull device in the upper stacking area, which pre-accelerates along the opposite X-axis. After the synchronous rod contacts the pantograph at the front of the carrier vehicle, the carrier vehicle is powered on. The motor above the carrier vehicle drives the protective rod to open to both sides. At the same time, the electro-hydraulic device is closed. The electromagnetic push-pull device moves along the positive Y-axis to the mass block. After that, the electromagnetic device starts to attract the mass block and moves along the opposite Y-axis to complete the unloading of the mass block. After the mass block is completely removed from the vehicle body, the sensor c inside the carrier vehicle sends a signal to start the motor above the carrier vehicle and retract the protective rod. The synchronous docking device moves along the synchronous track to the track corner, and the synchronous rod is disconnected from the carrier vehicle. The carrier vehicle is then powered off.

[0016] The carrier continues to move along the track to track sensor b. The lower stacking synchronization device receives a signal, and the synchronous motor, which is an electromagnetic push-pull device carrying a mass block, pre-accelerates in the positive X direction. After the synchronization rod contacts the pantograph at the front of the carrier, the carrier is energized. The motor above the carrier starts, causing the protective rod to open to both sides. The electromagnetic push-pull device in the lower stacking area pushes the pre-attracted mass block into the carrier in the opposite Y direction. After the mass block is completely inside the car body, the in-car sensor c inside the carrier sends a signal, the electro-hydraulic device starts, and the motor above the carrier starts to retract the protective rod. After the electro-hydraulic device completely compacts the mass block, the hydraulic sensor starts and the electro-hydraulic device stops. The synchronous connection device moves along the synchronous track to the track corner, the synchronization rod disconnects from the carrier, and after the carrier is de-energized, the carrier moves in the positive X direction to continue the next cycle.

[0017] Preferably, the discharge method includes the following steps:

[0018] The carrier departs from the upper stacking area. Before departure, the carrier, which has already loaded the mass block, moves along the X-axis of the track in the opposite direction to the track sensor b. When it reaches the track sensor b, the synchronous docking device in the lower stacking area receives the signal and prepares for synchronous docking. The synchronous motor pre-accelerates the electromagnetic push-pull device in the lower stacking area along the positive X-axis. After the synchronous rod contacts the pantograph at the front of the carrier, the carrier is powered on. The motor above the carrier drives the protective rod to open to both sides. At the same time, the electro-hydraulic device is closed. The electromagnetic push-pull device moves forward along the Y-axis in the opposite direction to the mass block. After the mass block is unloaded, the electromagnetic push-pull device starts to attract the mass block and moves along the positive Y-axis to complete the unloading of the mass block. After the mass block is completely removed from the car body, the in-car sensor c inside the carrier sends a signal to start the motor above the carrier and retract the protective rod. The synchronous docking device moves along the synchronous track to the track corner. The synchronous rod is disconnected from the carrier, and the carrier is powered off.

[0019] The carrier continues to move along the positive X-axis of the track to track sensor a. The synchronous connection device in the lower stacking area receives a signal, and the synchronous motor, which is an electromagnetic push-pull device carrying a mass block, pre-accelerates in the opposite X-axis direction. After the synchronous rod contacts the pantograph at the front of the carrier, the carrier is energized. The motor above the carrier starts, driving the protective rod to open to both sides. The electromagnetic push-pull device in the upper stacking area pushes the pre-attracted mass block into the carrier along the positive Y-axis. After the mass block is completely inside the car body, sensor c inside the carrier sends a signal, the electro-hydraulic device starts, and the motor above the carrier starts to retract the protective rod. After the electro-hydraulic device completely compacts the mass block, the hydraulic sensor starts and the hydraulic device stops. The synchronous connection device moves along the synchronous track to the track corner, the synchronous rod disconnects from the carrier, and after the carrier is de-energized, the carrier moves in the opposite X-axis direction to continue the next cycle.

[0020] Preferably, taking charging to discharging as an example, after the system receives the working condition conversion signal, the synchronous connection device of the upper stacking area and the lower stacking area will switch functions. The track sensor a will only cause the synchronous connection device to pre-accelerate when the in-vehicle sensor c is not activated. That is, the synchronous connection device will only be activated to pre-accelerate when an empty vehicle passes by, so as to complete the loading or unloading of the mass block. This allows the mass block in the charging condition to continue running after reaching the top of the mountain base without entering the upper stacking area, and switch to downward power generation.

[0021] The advantages and positive effects of the gravity energy storage system described in this invention are:

[0022] 1. The gravity energy storage system of the present invention can achieve the switching of charging and discharging conditions without stopping the system by controlling the operating conditions of the synchronization device of the upper stack area and the lower stack area.

[0023] 2. The interior of the carrier is composed of four rollers, which can significantly reduce the frictional loss of the mass block entering the car body.

[0024] 3. A pantograph is installed at the carrier vehicle, which can provide power to the carrier vehicle when connected to the synchronizing rod, so that the electro-hydraulic device on the carrier vehicle and the motor installed on the top of the carrier vehicle can be powered.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a gravity energy storage system according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stack area of ​​the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lower stack area of ​​the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the synchronous connection device and the push-pull device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the circular track and the carrier vehicle of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the load-bearing vehicle structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the carrier vehicle and the synchronous docking device of the present invention at different times;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating the cyclic process of the carrier vehicle in this invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a charging flowchart of a gravity energy storage system according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a discharge flowchart of a gravity energy storage system according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure Labels

[0037] 1. Mountain base; 2. Bottom area of ​​mountain base; 3. Circular track; 301. Track sensor a; 302. Track sensor b; 4. Carrier vehicle; 401. Roller; 402. Electro-hydraulic device; 403. In-vehicle sensor c; 404. Protective rod; 405. Pantograph; 5. Synchronous connection device; 501. Synchronous rod; 6. Electromagnetic push-pull device; 601. Push-pull rod; 7. Ball bearing conveyor chain; 8. Synchronous track; 9. Upper stacking area; 10. Lower stacking area; 11. Mass block. Detailed Implementation

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] In this application, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. In case of any inconsistency, the meaning set forth in this specification or derived from the content described herein shall prevail. Furthermore, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] like Figures 1-10 As shown, a gravity energy storage system includes a mountain base 1, a circular track 3, a carrier vehicle 4, a mass block synchronization device, mass blocks 11, an upper stacking area 9, and a lower stacking area 10. The circular track 3 is arranged on the side of the mountain base 1. The lower stacking area 10 and the mass block 11 synchronization device are arranged in the bottom area 2 of the mountain base. The upper stacking area 9 and the mass block 11 synchronization device are arranged on the top of the mountain base 1. The carrier vehicle 4 moves along the circular track 3, and the mass block 11 synchronization device loads or unloads the mass blocks 11 from the carrier vehicle 4.

[0042] The mass block synchronization device includes a synchronization connection device 5, an electromagnetic push-pull device 6, a ball conveyor chain 7, and a synchronization track 8. The synchronization connection device 5 and the electromagnetic push-pull device 6 are mounted on the same connecting plate and move together along the synchronization track 8. The ball conveyor chain 7 is mounted on the top and bottom areas 2 of the mountain base 1, and is parallel to the top and bottom edges of the circular track 3. The mass block 11 slides on the ball conveyor chain 7.

[0043] Specifically, the synchronous motor drives the mass block synchronization device, and the loading of the mass block 11 is completed through the cooperation of the synchronous rod 501 and the synchronous motor. First, the synchronous motor pre-accelerates the synchronous connection device 5. This speed is slightly slower than the running speed of the carrier vehicle 4. After the pantograph 405 at the front end of the carrier vehicle 4 contacts the synchronous rod 501, the electromagnetic push-pull device 6 pushes the mass block 11 into or unloads it from the carrier vehicle 4 to complete the synchronous loading or unloading of the mass block 11.

[0044] Specifically, the ball conveyor chain 7 is composed of equidistant balls, so that the mass block can move on the ball conveyor chain 7 in a low-friction manner.

[0045] The synchronous connection device 5 includes a synchronous rod 501. A pantograph 405 is provided on the front side wall of the carrier vehicle 4. The synchronous rod 501 contacts the pantograph 405, so that the carrier vehicle 4, the synchronous connection device 5 and the mass block 11 it carries move at the same speed.

[0046] The electromagnetic push-pull device 6 includes a push-pull rod 601, with a mass block 11 electromagnetically attracted to the end of the push-pull rod 601. The push-pull rod 601 loads the mass block 11 into the carrier vehicle 4 or unloads the mass block 11 from the carrier vehicle 4.

[0047] The carrier 4 includes rollers 401, an electro-hydraulic device 402, an in-vehicle sensor c403, and a protective rod 404. The carrier 4 is U-shaped, with multiple rollers 401 mounted on its inner wall. The in-vehicle sensor c403 is mounted on the inner wall of the carrier 4 to monitor whether the mass block 11 has completely entered or left the vehicle body.

[0048] Specifically, rollers 401 are installed on all four sides of the interior of the carrier vehicle 4. The addition of rollers 401 reduces the friction force on the mass block 11, which allows the mass block 11 to enter the interior of the carrier vehicle 4 more smoothly.

[0049] An electro-hydraulic device 402 is installed on the top of the interior of the carrier vehicle 4. A hydraulic sensor is installed inside the electro-hydraulic device 402. The electro-hydraulic device 402 is activated after the hydraulic sensor determines that the mass block 11 has completely entered the carrier vehicle 4. Once the mass block 11 is fully inside the vehicle body, the electro-hydraulic device 402 is activated to stabilize the mass block 11. A protective rod 404 and a motor are both located on the top of the carrier vehicle 4. The motor drives the protective rod 404 to rotate.

[0050] Specifically, after the mass block 11 is fully inside the carrier vehicle 4, the motor controls the protective rod 404 to rotate to both sides of the carrier vehicle to ensure that the mass block 11 operates stably during the operation of the carrier vehicle 4.

[0051] Track sensor a301 and track sensor b302 are installed on the circular track 3. Track sensor a301 is located on the upper part of the right side of the circular track 3, and track sensor b302 is located on the lower part of the left side of the circular track 3.

[0052] The interval between each vehicle is L.

[0053] A gravity energy storage system includes a charging method, comprising the following steps:

[0054] The carrier 4 runs counterclockwise on the circular track 3. Starting from the lower stacking area 10, the carrier 4, already loaded with mass blocks 11, runs along the positive X-axis of the track to the track sensor a301. At this point, the synchronous connection device 5 in the upper stacking area 9 receives a signal and prepares for synchronous connection. The synchronous motor, the electromagnetic push-pull device 6 in the upper stacking area 9, pre-accelerates in the opposite X-axis direction. Once the synchronous rod 501 contacts the pantograph 405 at the front of the carrier 4, the carrier 4 is energized, and the motor above the carrier 4 drives the protective rod. 404 opens to both sides, while the electro-hydraulic device 402 closes. The electromagnetic push-pull device 6 moves forward along the positive Y-axis to the mass block 11, and then the electromagnetic device starts to attract the mass block 11 and moves it in the opposite Y-axis direction to complete the unloading of the mass block 11. After the mass block 11 completely leaves the vehicle body, the sensor c403 inside the carrier vehicle 4 sends a signal to start the motor above the carrier vehicle 4 and retract the protective rod 404. The synchronous connection device 5 moves along the synchronous track 8 to the corner of the track, and the synchronous rod 501 disconnects from the carrier vehicle 4 and the carrier vehicle 4 is de-energized.

[0055] The carrier vehicle 4 continues to advance along the track to the track sensor b302. The lower stacking synchronization device receives a signal, and the synchronous motor, which is the electromagnetic push-pull device 6 carrying the mass block 11, pre-accelerates in the positive X direction. After the synchronization rod 501 contacts the pantograph 405 at the front of the carrier vehicle 4, the carrier vehicle 4 is energized. The motor above the carrier vehicle 4 starts, driving the protective rod 404 to open to both sides. The electromagnetic push-pull device 6 in the lower stacking area 10 pushes the pre-attracted mass block 11 into the carrier vehicle 4 in the opposite Y direction. After the mass block 11 is completely inside the vehicle body, the in-vehicle sensor c403 inside the carrier vehicle 4 sends a signal, and the electro-hydraulic device 402 starts. At the same time, the motor above the carrier vehicle 4 starts and retracts the protective rod 404. After the electro-hydraulic device 402 completely compacts the mass block 11, the hydraulic sensor starts and the electro-hydraulic device 402 stops. The synchronous connection device 5 moves along the synchronous track 8 to the track corner, and the synchronization rod 501 is disconnected from the carrier vehicle 4. After the carrier vehicle 4 is de-energized, the carrier vehicle 4 moves in the positive X direction to continue the next cycle.

[0056] A gravity energy storage system includes a discharge method, comprising the following steps:

[0057] The carrier vehicle 4 departs from the upper stacking area 9. Before departure, the carrier vehicle, already loaded with mass blocks 11, runs in the opposite direction along the X-axis of the track to the track sensor b302. At this point, the synchronous connection device 5 in the lower stacking area 10 receives a signal and prepares for synchronous connection. The synchronous motor, acting as the electromagnetic push-pull device 6 in the lower stacking area 10, pre-accelerates along the positive X-axis. Once the synchronous rod 501 contacts the pantograph 405 at the front of the carrier vehicle 4, the carrier vehicle 4 is energized. The motor above the carrier vehicle 4 drives the protective rod 404 to open to both sides, simultaneously activating the electro-hydraulic... When device 402 is closed, the electromagnetic push-pull device 6 moves forward in the opposite direction of the Y-axis to the mass block 11. Then, the electromagnetic push-pull device 6 is activated to attract the mass block 11 and move it in the positive direction of the Y-axis to complete the unloading of the mass block 11. After the mass block 11 is completely removed from the vehicle body, the in-vehicle sensor c403 inside the carrier vehicle 4 sends a signal to start the motor above the carrier vehicle 4 and retract the protective rod 404. The synchronous connection device 5 moves along the synchronous track 8 to the corner of the track, and the synchronous rod 501 is disconnected from the carrier vehicle 4. The carrier vehicle 4 is then de-energized.

[0058] The carrier vehicle 4 continues to move along the positive X-axis of the track to the track sensor a301. The synchronous connection device 5 in the lower stacking area 10 receives a signal, and the synchronous motor, which is the electromagnetic push-pull device 6 carrying the mass block 11, pre-accelerates in the opposite X-direction. After the synchronous rod 501 contacts the pantograph 405 at the front end of the carrier vehicle 4, the carrier vehicle 4 is energized. The motor above the carrier vehicle 4 starts and drives the protective rod 404 to open to both sides. The electromagnetic push-pull device 6 in the upper stacking area 9 pushes the pre-attracted mass block 11 into the carrier vehicle 4 along the positive Y-axis. After the mass block 11 is completely inside the vehicle body, the sensor c403 inside the carrier vehicle 4 sends a signal, and the electro-hydraulic device 402 starts. At the same time, the motor above the carrier vehicle 4 starts and retracts the protective rod 404. After the electro-hydraulic device 402 completely compacts the mass block 11, the hydraulic sensor starts and the hydraulic device stops. The synchronous connection device 5 moves along the synchronous track 8 to the track corner, and the synchronous rod 501 is disconnected from the carrier vehicle 4. After the carrier vehicle 4 is de-energized, the carrier vehicle 4 moves in the opposite X-direction to continue the next cycle.

[0059] Taking the charging to discharging transition as an example, after the system receives the operating condition transition signal, the synchronous connection device of the upper and lower stacking areas switches its function. The track sensor A301 will only cause the synchronous connection device 5 to pre-accelerate when the in-vehicle sensor C403 is not activated. That is, the synchronous connection device 5 will only be activated to pre-accelerate when an empty vehicle passes by, so as to complete the loading or unloading of the mass block 11. This allows the mass block in the charging condition to reach the top of the mountain base 1 and not enter the upper stacking area 9, but to continue running and switch to downward power generation.

[0060] One specific embodiment is as follows: the power demand P of the power grid is 1MW, the height of the mountain (vertical track H) is 150m, the length of the horizontal track is 45m, the length l of the mass block is 2m, the width w is 1m, the height h is 1m, and the mass block density is... 2500 kg / m 3 The vehicle's operating speed is 2 m / s.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gravity energy storage system, characterized in that: The system includes a mountain base, a circular track, a carrier vehicle, a mass block synchronization device, mass blocks, an upper stacking area, and a lower stacking area. The circular track is provided on the side of the mountain base, the lower stacking area and the mass block synchronization device are provided at the bottom of the mountain base, and the upper stacking area and the mass block synchronization device are provided at the top of the mountain base. The carrier vehicle moves along the circular track, and the mass block synchronization device loads the mass blocks into the carrier vehicle or unloads the mass blocks from the carrier vehicle. The mass block synchronization device includes a synchronization connection device, an electromagnetic push-pull device, a ball conveyor chain, and a synchronization track. The synchronization connection device and the electromagnetic push-pull device are set on the same connecting plate and move together along the synchronization track. The ball conveyor chain is set on the top and bottom areas of the mountain base, and the ball conveyor chain is set parallel to the top and bottom edges of the circular track. The mass block slides on the ball conveyor chain. The synchronous docking device includes a synchronous rod, and a pantograph is provided on the front side wall of the carrier vehicle. The synchronous rod contacts the pantograph, so that the carrier vehicle, the synchronous docking device and the mass block it carries move at the same speed. The electromagnetic push-pull device includes a push-pull rod, and a mass block is electromagnetically attracted to the end of the push-pull rod. The push-pull rod loads the mass block into the carrier vehicle or unloads the mass block from the carrier vehicle. The carrier includes rollers, an electro-hydraulic device, an in-vehicle sensor c, and a protective rod. The carrier is U-shaped, with multiple rollers installed on the inner wall of the carrier. The in-vehicle sensor c is installed on the inner wall of the carrier to monitor whether the mass block has completely entered or left the vehicle body. An electro-hydraulic device is installed on the top of the interior of the carrier vehicle. The electro-hydraulic device contains a hydraulic sensor. The hydraulic sensor activates the electro-hydraulic device after it determines that the mass block has completely entered the carrier vehicle. Once the mass block is fully inside the vehicle body, the electro-hydraulic device is activated to stabilize the mass block. The protective rod and motor are both located on the top of the carrier vehicle. The motor drives the protective rod to rotate. Track sensor a and track sensor b are installed on the circular track. Track sensor a is located on the upper part of the right side of the circular track, and track sensor b is located on the lower part of the left side of the circular track. The charging method and steps are as follows: The carrier vehicle runs counterclockwise on the circular track. Starting from the lower stacking area, the carrier vehicle, which has been loaded with mass blocks before departure, runs along the positive X-axis of the track to the track sensor a. When it reaches the track sensor a, the synchronous docking device in the upper stacking area receives a signal and prepares for synchronous docking. The synchronous motor is the electromagnetic push-pull device in the upper stacking area, which pre-accelerates along the opposite X-axis. After the synchronous rod contacts the pantograph at the front of the carrier vehicle, the carrier vehicle is powered on. The motor above the carrier vehicle drives the protective rod to open to both sides. At the same time, the electro-hydraulic device is closed. The electromagnetic push-pull device moves along the positive Y-axis to the mass block. After that, the electromagnetic device starts to attract the mass block and moves along the opposite Y-axis to complete the unloading of the mass block. After the mass block is completely removed from the vehicle body, the sensor c inside the carrier vehicle sends a signal to start the motor above the carrier vehicle and retract the protective rod. The synchronous docking device moves along the synchronous track to the track corner, and the synchronous rod is disconnected from the carrier vehicle. The carrier vehicle is then powered off. The carrier continues to move along the track to track sensor b. The synchronization device in the lower stacking area receives a signal, and the synchronous motor, which is an electromagnetic push-pull device carrying a mass block, pre-accelerates along the positive X-axis. After the synchronization rod contacts the pantograph at the front of the carrier, the carrier is powered on. The motor above the carrier starts, driving the protective rod to open to both sides. The electromagnetic push-pull device in the lower stacking area pushes the pre-attracted mass block into the carrier along the opposite Y-axis. After the mass block is completely inside the car body, the in-car sensor c inside the carrier sends a signal, the electro-hydraulic device starts, and the motor above the carrier starts to retract the protective rod. After the electro-hydraulic device completely compacts the mass block, the hydraulic sensor starts and the electro-hydraulic device stops. The synchronization connection device moves along the synchronization track to the track corner, the synchronization rod disconnects from the carrier, and after the carrier is powered off, the carrier moves along the positive X-axis to continue the next cycle.

2. The gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge method includes the following steps: The carrier vehicle departs from the upper stacking area. Before departure, the carrier vehicle, which has been loaded with a mass block, moves along the X-axis of the track in the opposite direction to the track sensor b. When it reaches the track sensor b, the synchronous docking device in the lower stacking area receives a signal and prepares for synchronous docking. The synchronous motor pre-accelerates the electromagnetic push-pull device in the lower stacking area along the positive X-axis. After the synchronous rod contacts the pantograph at the front of the carrier vehicle, the carrier vehicle is powered on. The motor above the carrier vehicle drives the protective rod to open to both sides. At the same time, the electro-hydraulic device is closed. The electromagnetic push-pull device moves forward along the Y-axis in the opposite direction to the mass block. After the mass block is reached, the electromagnetic push-pull device starts to attract the mass block and moves it along the positive Y-axis to complete the unloading of the mass block. After the mass block is completely removed from the vehicle body, the in-vehicle sensor c inside the carrier vehicle sends a signal to start the motor above the carrier vehicle and retract the protective rod. The synchronous docking device moves along the synchronous track to the track corner. The synchronous rod is disconnected from the carrier vehicle, and the carrier vehicle is powered off. The carrier continues to move along the positive X-axis of the track to track sensor a. The synchronous connection device in the lower stacking area receives a signal, and the synchronous motor, which is the electromagnetic push-pull device carrying the mass block, pre-accelerates in the opposite X-axis direction. After the synchronous rod contacts the pantograph at the front of the carrier, the carrier is powered on, and the motor above the carrier starts, driving the protective rod to open to both sides. The electromagnetic push-pull device in the upper stacking area pushes the pre-attracted mass block into the carrier along the positive Y-axis. After the mass block is completely inside the car body, the sensor c inside the carrier sends a signal, the electro-hydraulic device starts, and the motor above the carrier starts to retract the protective rod. After the electro-hydraulic device completely compacts the mass block, the hydraulic sensor starts and the hydraulic device stops. The synchronous connection device moves along the synchronous track to the track corner, the synchronous rod disconnects from the carrier, and after the carrier is powered off, the carrier moves in the opposite X-axis direction to continue the next cycle. When switching from charging to discharging, after receiving the operating condition conversion signal, the synchronous connection device of the upper and lower stacking areas switches its function. Track sensor a will only cause the synchronous connection device to pre-accelerate when the in-vehicle sensor c is not activated. That is, the synchronous connection device will only be activated to pre-accelerate when an empty vehicle passes by, in order to complete the loading or unloading of the mass block. As a result, after the mass block in the charging condition reaches the top of the mountain base, it will not enter the upper stacking area and will continue to run, switching to downward power generation.

3. The gravity energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interval between each of the aforementioned carrier vehicles is L.

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