Head-mounted device with adjustable protection degree and monitoring system

Abstract

The invention relates to a head-mounted device with an adjustable protection degree and a monitoring system. The head-mounted device comprises a main body unit, a protection unit and a processing assembly, the main body unit is used for sleeving the head of a patient, an electroencephalogram monitoring assembly is arranged in a partial area, corresponding to the head top of the patient, of the main body unit, and a plurality of first air bags in the protection unit are arranged in a cavity between a shell and a lining of the main body unit so as to protect the head of the patient; the inflation states of the first air bag are divided into a plurality of grades, and the inflation states of different grades correspond to different protection degrees; when electroencephalogram signal information collected by the electroencephalogram monitoring assembly is received, the processing assembly analyzes the electroencephalogram signal information by using the trained model so as to judge the current morbidity state of the patient; the processing assembly sends different control signals to the protection unit based on the current disease state of the patient, so that the air adjusting assembly of the protection unit enables the corresponding first air bag to expand to different degrees based on the different control signals, and multi-section protection is achieved.

Description

[0001] The original basis for this divisional application is patent application No. 202210436269.9, filed on April 22, 2022, entitled "A Protective Device for Children". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a head-mounted device and monitoring system with adjustable protection levels. Background Technology

[0003] Epilepsy, also known as seizures or epilepsy, is a chronic disease caused by sudden abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to temporary brain dysfunction. Currently, numerous existing technologies have been researched for early warning and prevention of epilepsy, such as: CN110013249A discloses a portable, adjustable head-mounted epilepsy monitoring device, comprising: an EEG cap for collecting the patient's EEG signals; a debugging module for processing the EEG signals collected by all electrodes on the EEG cap during the epileptic seizure, pre-seizure phase, and seizure phase to determine the most suitable electrodes; a training module for training a model based on the EEG signals collected by the most suitable electrodes; a monitoring module for receiving EEG signals and using the trained model to detect whether the patient is currently in the pre-seizure phase; and an early warning module for issuing an early warning when the monitoring module detects that the patient is in the pre-seizure phase. This invention enables portable monitoring and immediate early warning, effectively preventing secondary harm to epilepsy patients during seizures.

[0004] CN107714035A discloses a wearable digital EEG monitoring helmet, including acquisition electrodes, a transmission system, an abnormal EEG recognition and alarm system, a helmet shell, acquisition electrodes fixedly connected to the inner side of the helmet shell, a transmission system fixedly connected to both sides of the helmet shell, and the helmet recognition and alarm system fixedly installed inside the helmet shell; a monitoring terminal system, and a remote advanced EEG epileptiform discharge automatic analysis, recognition, and early warning system. This overcomes the low positive rate of conventional EEG in detecting epileptiform seizures and its lack of specific monitoring and alarm functions for patients with epileptiform discharges, thus hindering timely and effective protective and treatment measures. This invention, through dual early warning of simple alarms and remote advanced analysis and recognition alarms, can promptly and accurately detect when a patient is about to have an epileptic seizure or is currently having one, improving the positive rate of detecting epileptiform discharges and playing a preventative and alarm role, thereby enabling timely and effective protective and treatment measures to ensure the patient's safety.

[0005] However, there is little research on protection for children with epilepsy in the current technology. Because there are big differences between children and adults with epilepsy in terms of both physiological and psychological conditions, especially for children with epilepsy who are still in the growth and development stage, they need protective devices that can better adapt to their growth in order to achieve more flexible, comprehensive and precise protection.

[0006] In other words, existing protective devices are unsuitable for pediatric patients. They fail to consider the growth and development of children, nor do they take the perspective of children, and they do not select data that more accurately reflects the patient's condition for monitoring. This significantly reduces the accuracy of monitoring and the timeliness of protection for pediatric patients. Furthermore, existing technologies that simply add monitoring components to improve accuracy fail to consider the inconvenience of carrying such devices in daily life for pediatric patients, nor the configuration and operating costs of processing components. The comprehensive processing of large amounts of data not only requires higher hardware and software specifications but may also lead to delays in data transmission and processing, resulting in untimely protection and ultimately reducing its effectiveness.

[0007] Furthermore, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the applicant studied a large number of documents and patents when making this invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents were listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not possess the features of these prior art. On the contrary, the present invention already possesses all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a protective device suitable for children to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0009] This invention discloses a protective device suitable for children, comprising: a main body unit with an outer shell and an inner liner for being fitted onto a patient's head; a protective unit, wherein a plurality of first airbags of the protective unit are respectively disposed in the cavity between the outer shell and the inner liner of the main body unit to protect the patient's head; and an air regulating component configured in the protective unit for inflation, such that the plurality of first airbags expand from the inner liner side toward the surface of the patient's head by expanding out of the corresponding cavity. The degree of inflation of the first airbags is adjusted by the air regulating component in response to a control signal, wherein the control signal received by the air regulating component is generated by the processing component of the central control unit after comprehensive analysis of data information collected by different monitoring components of the monitoring unit.

[0010] The protective device of this invention can be fitted onto the patient's head via a main unit and a protective unit to protect the patient's head, particularly reducing head impact that may occur due to falls during an epileptic seizure. The air-regulating component of this invention can adjust the expansion of the first airbag under the control signal emitted by the processing component, allowing the protective device to proactively protect at least a portion of the patient's head based on data collected by the monitoring unit when a fall is imminent. Typically, the incidence of epilepsy in children is much higher than in adults, meaning that the data collected by the monitoring unit for protecting pediatric patients is not entirely the same as for adults. It needs to be tailored to the unique characteristics of pediatric patients, such as their incomplete physiological and psychological development, requiring different monitoring components. This allows the processing component to comprehensively analyze the collected data to generate appropriate control signals.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring unit can be configured with an electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring component, a motion monitoring component, a stress monitoring component, and / or an environmental monitoring component, and the processing component can analyze and process different data information collected by multiple monitoring components in a relatively staggered manner.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, when the monitoring unit is equipped with multiple monitoring components, the processing component can comprehensively regulate the sampling frequency of different monitoring components. The comprehensive regulation of the processing component is set based on the data information collected by each monitoring component in order to reduce the amount of data processed per unit time.

[0013] The monitoring unit of this invention is equipped with monitoring components for collecting different data information. Through the cooperation of each monitoring component and the processing component, accurate monitoring of the patient's disease status can be achieved. The monitoring components of the monitoring unit are interconnected and restrictive, allowing the processing component to regulate some monitoring components based on these relationships.

[0014] Furthermore, the collaborative monitoring of each monitoring component enables the processing component to provide a more reasonable and effective protection plan, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation of different patients. Especially for children who are still in the growth and development stage but have a much higher incidence rate than adults, this invention can well ensure the safety of use for children and has made targeted optimizations based on the special characteristics of children, thereby reducing the burden on caregivers and / or medical staff.

[0015] The processing component of this invention can comprehensively regulate the sampling frequency of different monitoring components. That is, the sampling frequency of each monitoring component is adjusted based on the data information collected by other monitoring components and their sampling frequencies. This allows the processing component to analyze and process the data information sent by multiple monitoring components without requiring excessive configuration. At the same time, it can analyze and process the data information in a relatively staggered manner, so that the processing component will not be in a high-load operation state for a long time. The peak value in the relatively staggered operation can be adjusted by the processing component based on factors such as the patient's current state and all data information received at different sampling frequencies.

[0016] When increasing the sampling frequency of some monitoring components, the sampling frequency of others can be appropriately reduced to ensure that the processing component can drive the protection unit to perform protection actions in a low-latency manner. Appropriately reducing the sampling frequency can be achieved by collecting data at the same interval but slowing down the data transmission frequency. This reduces the computational load on the processing component without data loss, thereby enabling the processing component to output appropriate control signals.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the EEG monitoring component can place electrodes on a main unit located in the top region of a patient's head to collect the patient's EEG signal information, wherein the EEG monitoring component selects the placement location and number of electrodes based on the processing of initialization information.

[0018] The protective device of this invention can determine the patient's disease state through an electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring component. When the processing component receives the EEG signal information transmitted by the EEG monitoring component, it can analyze and process it to determine the corresponding disease state. The disease state can include a non-onset state and an onset state, with the onset period further divided into a first onset period and a second onset period. In other words, by classifying the disease state, the processing component can predict the patient's impending onset state based on the collected EEG signal information, thereby enabling the processing component to proactively activate the gas regulating component to prepare for inflation, ensuring the timeliness of the protective operation. Furthermore, to ensure the accuracy of the EEG signal information acquired by the EEG monitoring component, the received EEG signal information can be filtered and segmented by the processing component for channel-specific classification. The channel-specific classification process can construct an information set that can be subjected to ensemble empirical mode decomposition for each channel, and the samples can be divided by a sliding time window. The samples within the time window are used to construct feature vectors, and each feature set is classified based on the corresponding feature set constructed for each channel to obtain the classification accuracy of each channel. The electrodes corresponding to the channels with the highest classification accuracy are selected as the optimal electrodes.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the electrodes of the EEG monitoring component can be connected to a second air bladder so that the expansion degree of the second air bladder can be adjusted by the air adjustment component, thereby adjusting the effective length of the electrodes of the EEG monitoring component.

[0020] This invention utilizes an air-regulating component to inflate and deflate the second airbag, thereby adjusting its expansion volume and thus the probe depth. For patients with different head shapes or different areas of the same patient, the effective length of the electrode can be adjusted by regulating the second airbag, allowing the probe to conform to skulls of varying shapes and sizes. For example, when the electrode is in a protruding position on the skull, reducing the gas level in the airbag shortens its height and thus the effective length of the electrode. Conversely, when the electrode is in a concave position, inflating the airbag increases its height and thus the effective length of the electrode. This ensures sufficient contact between the electrode and the user's scalp, reducing input impedance and improving the quality of the EEG signals acquired by the EEG monitoring component. The second airbag is particularly suitable for pediatric patients. As children grow and develop, their head shape and size change. The second airbag allows for quick and flexible adjustment of the electrode's position, adapting to different growth stages of pediatric patients without requiring replacement of protective devices.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, the motion monitoring component can be configured on the main unit fitted over the patient's head to collect motion state information of the patient's head, including at least motion acceleration and motion angular velocity, so that the processing component can determine the patient's fall state based on the patient's motion trend. The processing component can predict the parts of the patient that may collide after the fall based on the patient's fall state, and prioritize each first airbag based on the prediction results.

[0022] The motion monitoring component of the present invention can collect motion state information including motion acceleration and motion angular velocity. The processing component can calculate the Euler angle of the patient's posture based on the received motion state information using a Kalman filtering algorithm, so as to determine whether the patient has fallen by observing the change in angle.

[0023] The motion monitoring component acquires the patient's movement trends using devices such as accelerometers and gyroscopes. This allows the processing component to predict the patient's fall location and potential impact points in subsequent time series based on pre-inputted patient body shape information. This, in turn, drives the protection unit to focus on protecting the areas where impact is likely. The patient's body shape information needs to be updated in a timely manner, especially for children who are in the growth and development stage, as their body shape changes rapidly. Updating the information stored in the processing component through manual input or network sharing can improve the accuracy of the processing component in predicting the patient's fall location and potential impact points.

[0024] Furthermore, the differences in patients' body shape have a significant impact on their fall status, especially for children. Different age groups, different nutritional statuses and other factors can lead to significant differences in body shape. Compared to most adult patients who are within the standard range, the protective device of this invention can provide more targeted protection based on the different body shapes of children.

[0025] Preferably, when a patient falls, the treatment component can prioritize all first airbags based on its prediction of the location where the patient may collide. The first airbags in the corresponding area of ​​the possible collision location have the highest priority, and the first airbags in the corresponding area further away from the possible collision location have a lower priority. The air regulating component, in response to the control signal of the treatment component, performs inflation based on the priority ranking of the first airbags. That is, it can ensure that the high-priority first airbags are adequately inflated before ensuring the inflation of the low-priority first airbags.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment, the pressure monitoring component can be positioned relative to the patient's vulnerable area and converts the impact mechanical energy into a voltage signal when the pressure monitoring component is subjected to an external impact force, thereby directly or indirectly driving the protective unit to protect the patient.

[0027] The pressure monitoring component of this invention can calibrate the motion monitoring unit, that is, it can determine whether a patient has experienced an impact after a fall or whether the patient's movement constitutes a fall. Since the motion monitoring component acquires the patient's movement trends through devices such as accelerometers and gyroscopes, and the processing component determines whether it is a common fall action, it may generate fall actions not existing in the database based on the actual situation of different patients. This is especially true for patients with epilepsy, whose actions during seizures are unpredictable. Furthermore, even if a fall occurs, it does not necessarily cause head impact; for example, simply slumping onto a support surface, although performing a falling action that can be identified as a fall, does not necessarily cause head impact. Therefore, the pressure monitoring component can be used to calibrate the fall state prediction of the motion monitoring component.

[0028] Preferably, the pressure monitoring component can install pressure-detecting elastic blocks at locations where the patient is prone to impact. Upon impact, these elastic blocks generate acceleration, and a control signal is generated based on the voltage signal converted from the impact mechanical energy by a piezoelectric converter. This signal can directly control or indirectly control the protective unit via a processing component, enabling the protective unit to inflate the first airbag in the corresponding area in response to the control signal. Furthermore, when the motion monitoring component detects a tendency for the patient to fall, the air adjustment component can prepare for inflation in advance, or preemptively switch at least a portion of the first airbag from its normal state to a first protection state. This allows the pressure monitoring component to more quickly switch the first airbag from the first protection state to the second protection state upon detecting an impact force.

[0029] According to a preferred embodiment, the environmental monitoring component can collect data on the distribution of surrounding obstacles, enabling the processing component to further predict the patient's collision with obstacles during a fall and update the predicted collision locations, thereby adjusting the priority order of each first airbag.

[0030] The environmental monitoring component of this invention can coarsely collect information on the distribution of surrounding obstacles. This allows the processing component to combine the distribution of obstacles, especially those along the direction of the fall, when predicting the patient's fall location and potential impact site in subsequent time series based on motion state information. This enables a more accurate determination of the patient's potential impact site. Furthermore, for the same obstacle distribution, patients of different body types may experience different impact sites, and some patients may even suffer more severe impact injuries while others remain unharmed. Therefore, the processing component can combine patient body type information, motion state information, and the distribution of surrounding obstacles to accurately predict the patient's fall state.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment, the external environmental information collected by the environmental monitoring component includes climate change that can affect the patient's psychological and / or physiological state, so that when the processing component determines that the current climate is likely to have a negative impact on the patient's psychological and / or physiological state, it can drive the EEG monitoring component to at least partially increase the sampling frequency.

[0032] Because weather changes can affect a patient's mood and comfort, and these mood swings can trigger seizures—for example, rainy days, especially during seasonal transitions, are peak periods for epilepsy. Furthermore, climate change can cause significant temperature fluctuations, which can lead to illnesses such as colds and fevers, potentially triggering seizures. Therefore, the processing component of this invention can adjust the sampling frequency of the EEG monitoring component based on the current environmental and climatic conditions when receiving external environmental information from the environmental monitoring unit. For example, it can increase the sampling frequency of the EEG monitoring component, at least during peak epilepsy periods such as seasonal transitions.

[0033] According to a preferred embodiment, the processing component can drive the communication component to send alarm signals to the user terminal and / or the server when the patient is in the symptom phase and / or falls, and / or drive the alarm component to send alarm signals to the surroundings in the form of sound / light.

[0034] The protective device of the present invention is further provided with a communication component and an alarm component electrically connected to the processing component, so that when the processing component determines that the patient is currently in the acute phase and / or has fallen, it notifies the caregiver and / or people around in various forms, thereby enabling the patient to receive timely treatment and reducing the possibility that the patient is in the acute phase but no one knows. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the module connection relationship of a protection device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] List of reference numerals 100: Protective unit; 110: First airbag; 120: Second airbag; 130: Air regulating component; 200: Central control unit; 210: Processing component; 220: Communication component; 230: Alarm component; 300: Monitoring unit; 310: Electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring component; 320: Motion monitoring component; 330: Pressure monitoring component; 340: Environmental monitoring component. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following is a detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the module connection relationship of a protection device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] This invention discloses a protective device suitable for children, comprising at least a main body unit for fitting over a patient's head and a protective unit 100 for protecting the patient's head. The patient may be a person suffering from epilepsy, particularly a child suffering from epilepsy. Based on the protective function of the device, this invention may also relate to a method for protecting patients with epilepsy.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment, the main body unit fitted over the patient's head may include at least an outer shell and an inner liner. When the main body unit is in the fitted state, the inner liner is positioned closer to the surface of the patient's head than the outer shell, and the inner liner can contact the surface of the patient's head. Preferably, the outer shell may be made of a rigid material, so that it can block external forces applied to the patient's head in a nearly non-deformable manner on the side away from the surface of the patient's head, thereby protecting the patient's head. The inner liner may be made of a flexible material, so that it can better conform to the shape and structure of the patient's head when in contact with the surface of the patient's head, thereby improving the patient's comfort.

[0041] Preferably, the main unit can provide overall or partial protection for the patient's head. Overall protection means the main unit can cover the entire protected area of ​​the patient's head for a higher level of protection. Partial protection means the main unit can partially cover certain protected areas of the patient's head, ensuring breathability while protecting vital areas, thus improving the patient's comfort. Preferably, multiple main units employing partial protection can be interconnected via adjustable straps or other connecting components to achieve relative fixation on the patient's head. Furthermore, vital areas may include at least the top of the head and the jaw. The main units covering the top of the head and jaw can be connected at an adjustable distance via connecting straps to adapt to different head shapes.

[0042] According to a preferred embodiment, the protective unit 100 may be disposed between the main unit and the surface of the patient's head and / or between the outer shell and the inner liner of the main unit, so as to reduce the impact of external forces on the patient's head through the protective unit 100, thereby achieving further protection for the patient's head. Preferably, the protective unit 100 may be an airbag with an air regulating component 130, wherein the first airbag 110 may be disposed in the cavity between the outer shell and the inner liner of the main unit, so that the first airbag 110 in the natural state can be confined between the outer shell and the inner liner, and in the inflated state, it can expand from the inner liner side toward the surface of the patient's head in a way that expands out of the cavity, so as to achieve buffering of the impact of external forces.

[0043] Preferably, the inflation state of the first airbag 110 can be divided into multiple levels, and different levels of inflation state can correspond to different levels of protection. Further, the inflation state of the first airbag 110 is adjusted by the air regulating component 130 in response to a control signal. Preferably, airbags located in different areas can be inflated or deflated by the same or different air regulating components 130. These airbags can be partially located between the main unit and the patient's head surface, and partially located between the outer shell and inner lining of the main unit, or they can be several airbags located within different main units. Further, when the same air regulating component 130 inflates multiple airbags (especially airbags located in different areas), the inflation volume of different airbags can be adjusted based on the control signal to flexibly and efficiently achieve a reasonable distribution of the inflated gas.

[0044] According to a preferred embodiment, the control signal received by the gas regulating component 130 can be issued by the central control unit 200. The central control unit 200 may be equipped with a processing component 210 capable of data analysis, enabling the processing component 210 to judge and predict the patient's condition based on the patient's current state, thereby regulating the protective unit 100. The patient's current state may include the patient's internal state and / or external state. Preferably, the processing component 210 can receive data information collected by the monitoring unit 300 to determine the patient's current state. The data information collected by the monitoring unit 300 may include, but is not limited to, electroencephalogram (EEG) signal information, motion state information, pressure signal information, and / or external environmental information.

[0045] Furthermore, the monitoring unit 300 may include several monitoring components for collecting different data information. For example, the monitoring unit 300 may include one or more of the following: electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring component 310, motion monitoring component 320, stress monitoring component 330, and environmental monitoring component 340.

[0046] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring unit 300 may place the EEG monitoring component 310 in at least a portion of the main unit corresponding to the top of the patient's head. The area on the main unit where the EEG monitoring component 310 is placed is determined based on the patient's head shape and the 10-20 International EEG Recording System established by the International Society for Electroencephalography (IEA) in 1958. Preferably, the EEG monitoring component 310 may have a plurality of electrodes extending towards the patient's scalp on the main unit to record or absorb scalp discharges.

[0047] Preferably, the EEG signal information collected by the EEG monitoring component 310 can be processed by an amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter and then sent to the processing component 210 of the central control unit 200 for further processing. The amplifier can amplify the weak EEG signal information, and the analog-to-digital converter can convert the collected analog signal into a digital signal for subsequent transmission and processing.

[0048] Furthermore, the central control unit 200 can be configured on the main unit or independently to exchange information via wired and / or wireless means. The central control unit 200 can achieve wireless communication via a communication component 220, which can transmit data via the 802.11b protocol (i.e., Wi-Fi protocol), or via Bluetooth or Zigbee. Preferably, the communication component 220 can communicate with a user terminal and / or a server, enabling caregivers using the user terminal and / or staff using the server to view and monitor the current status of the corresponding patient.

[0049] According to a preferred embodiment, when the processing component 210 receives the EEG signal information transmitted by the EEG monitoring component 310, it can analyze and process the information to determine the current epileptic state corresponding to the EEG signal information. The epileptic state can include a non-epilepsy state and an epileptic state, and the epileptic state can be divided into a first epileptic state and a second epileptic state. Preferably, the EEG signal during an epileptic seizure is defined as the epileptic state; the EEG signal information 10 minutes before the seizure can be defined as the first epileptic state, and the remaining time can be defined as the second epileptic state. The processing component 210 can filter and segment the received EEG signal information for channel-specific classification. Channel-specific classification can construct information sets for each channel that can undergo set empirical mode decomposition, and can divide samples using a sliding time window. Feature vectors are constructed using samples within the time window, and each feature set is classified based on the corresponding feature set constructed for each channel to obtain the classification accuracy for each channel. The electrodes corresponding to the channels with the highest classification accuracy are selected as the optimal electrodes. Furthermore, the number of optimal electrodes can be selected according to actual needs.

[0050] Preferably, the processing component 210 can filter the EEG signal information in the frequency range of 0.5Hz-60Hz to remove the influence of electromyography signal information and electrooculography signal information.

[0051] Preferably, after the processing component 210 categorizes the data by channel, the information set constructed for each channel can contain EEG signal information from the same time period of onset. The data channel categorization formula is as follows: .

[0052] in, This is a collection of EEG signal information data from all channels. This is a single-channel EEG signal dataset. This represents the total number of channels.

[0053] Each data set The intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) are obtained by performing ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD). The signal decomposition satisfies the following formula: .

[0054] in, It is a dataset extract The residuals after each eigenmode function The intrinsic mode function (IMF) is obtained from signal decomposition. EEMD decomposition performed in the above manner can process nonlinear and non-stationary EEG signals into linear and stable waveforms, while further filtering out the influence of extraneous signals.

[0055] Furthermore, the samples are divided into IMFs using a 6-second sliding time window. The formula for calculating the sample division is as follows: .

[0056] in, Indicates the first The first channel sample, This is a single-channel EEG signal dataset. The time on the left side of the sliding time window. This represents the length of the sliding time window.

[0057] Furthermore, the power energy of the sample signals within each time window is calculated and a feature vector is constructed. The formula for calculating the power energy is shown below: .

[0058] in, These are the signal data points within the time window.

[0059] By constructing a corresponding feature set for each channel using feature vectors, and classifying each channel's feature set using kernel SVM, the classification accuracy for each channel can be obtained. The electrodes corresponding to the channels with the best classification accuracy are then selected as the most suitable electrodes.

[0060] Based on the most suitable electrode position determined during initialization, the EEG monitoring component 310 is installed on the main unit corresponding to the electrode position, so that when the main unit is fitted onto the patient's head, the electrodes and reference electrodes can be placed against the designated area of ​​the patient's head.

[0061] Preferably, the processing component 210 can construct feature vectors based on the EEG signal information collected by the selected electrodes to form a feature matrix, and then train and learn to save the trained model.

[0062] Furthermore, when receiving the collected EEG signal information, the processing component 210 can extract the data using a sliding time window. After constructing a feature matrix from the extracted segments, it can analyze the data using a trained model to determine the patient's current disease state.

[0063] According to a preferred embodiment, the processing component 210 can send different control signals to the protection unit 100 based on the patient's current symptom state, so that the air regulating component 130 of the protection unit 100 can inflate the corresponding first airbag 110 to different degrees based on the different control signals, thereby achieving multi-stage protection. Preferably, when the patient is in a non-symptom state, the first airbag 110 can maintain its normal state in an uninflated form; when the patient is in the first symptom state, the first airbag 110 can be converted to a first protection state in an at least partially inflated form; and when the patient is in the second symptom state, the first airbag 110 can be converted to a second protection state in a fully inflated form.

[0064] Typically, when a patient transitions from a non-symptom state to a symptom state, the EEG monitoring component 310 acquires changes in the patient's EEG signal information and transmits it to the processing component 210 for analysis and processing. This generates a control signal to drive the operation of the air regulating component 130, causing the first airbag 110 to expand from a normal state through a first protective state to a second protective state, and then contract from the second protective state back to the normal state after the symptom state ends.

[0065] Preferably, the second protective state of the first airbag 110 is a state with a larger expansion volume compared to the first protective state, based on a larger inflation volume. The first and second protective states of the first airbag 110 may not be strictly based on the patient's symptom stage. Instead, they can be adaptively adjusted based on the control of the air regulating component 130 by the processing component 210. The control of the air regulating component 130 by the processing component 210 may include adjusting the opening and closing degree of the air valves between the air regulating component 130 and each of the first airbags 110.

[0066] According to a preferred embodiment, in addition to the first airbag 110, the protective component may also be equipped with a second airbag 120 sandwiched between the electrode sleeve and the probe base. The inflation / deflation of the second airbag 120 is achieved by the air adjustment component 130 to adjust the expansion volume of the second airbag 120, thereby adjusting the probe depth. For patients with different head shapes or for different areas of the same patient, the effective length of the electrode can be adjusted by adjusting the second airbag 120, so that the probe fits the skull of different shapes and sizes. For example, when the electrode is in a protruding position of the skull, the height of the second airbag 120 can be shortened by reducing the gas in the second airbag 120, thereby shortening the effective length of the electrode; when the electrode is in a concave position of the skull, the height of the second airbag 120 can be increased by inflating the second airbag 120, thereby increasing the effective length of the electrode. This ensures sufficient contact between the electrode and the user's scalp, thereby reducing input impedance and improving the quality of the EEG signals acquired by the EEG monitoring component 310. The second airbag 120 is particularly suitable for pediatric patients. As children grow and develop, the shape and size of their heads will change. The second airbag 120 allows for quick and flexible adjustment of the electrode placement, thus adapting to different growth stages of pediatric patients without the need to replace the protective device.

[0067] Preferably, the same air regulating component 130 can regulate the inflation / deflation of a plurality of first airbags 110 and a plurality of second airbags 120, and can distribute the inflation volume of different airbags based on the control signal of the processing component 210.

[0068] Furthermore, in addition to generating control signals based on data collected by the EEG monitoring component 310, the processing component 210 can also combine various data collected by the motion monitoring component 320, the pressure monitoring component 330, and / or the environmental monitoring component 340 to comprehensively assess the patient's condition, so as to achieve more accurate and comprehensive protection.

[0069] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring unit 300 may be configured with a motion monitoring component 320 for monitoring the patient's motion status information. The motion monitoring component 320 can monitor the motion status information of different parts of the patient based on its different positions. Preferably, the motion monitoring component 320 may be disposed on the main unit to collect the patient's head motion status information. Further, the motion status information collected by the motion monitoring component 320 may include motion acceleration and motion angular velocity. The processing component 210 can calculate the Euler angles of the patient's posture using a Kalman filtering algorithm based on the received motion status information, so as to determine whether the patient has fallen by observing the changes in these angles.

[0070] Typically, a patient's fall is a longitudinal movement in roughly three-dimensional space, accompanied by lateral displacement in any horizontal direction, such as leaning forward, leaning backward, or falling sideways. The motion monitoring component 320 acquires the patient's movement trend through devices such as accelerometers and gyroscopes, enabling the processing component 210 to predict the patient's fall location and potential impact points in subsequent time series based on pre-inputted patient body shape information. This drives the protection unit 100 to focus on protecting the potential impact points. The patient's body shape information needs to be updated promptly, especially for children in the growth and development stage, whose body shape changes rapidly. Updating the information stored in the processing component 210 through manual input or network sharing can improve the accuracy of the processing component 210 in predicting the patient's fall location and potential impact points.

[0071] Furthermore, patient body size differences significantly impact their fall outcomes, especially for children. Different ages and nutritional statuses lead to substantial differences in body size. Compared to most adult patients who fall within the standard range, the protective device of this invention can provide more targeted protection based on the different body sizes of children. For example, younger or underdeveloped patients with smaller body sizes may experience a faster head impact with the ground or platform due to their lower vertical height during a fall; while older or well-developed patients with larger body sizes may have a longer head contact time with the ground or platform due to their greater vertical height, but the impact speed due to gravity is also greater. Therefore, the processing component 210 can roughly determine the time and speed before the patient falls and the collision occurs based on the patient's body shape information and movement state information. This allows the protective unit 100, responding to the control signal, to flexibly adjust the inflation status of different first airbags 110. For example, in the former case mentioned above, the processing component 210 can preferentially drive the air adjustment component 130 to inflate almost all the first airbags 110 at the fastest possible speed, so that they quickly switch from the normal state to the first protection state, the second protection state, or any state between the first protection state and the second protection state. That is, because the response time before the collision is very short, the processing component 210 can make the protective unit... The first airbag 100 quickly switches to a state where it can perform protective functions, enabling low-latency, rapid protection by inflating almost all first airbags 110 beyond the first protection state, achieving the required level of protection. In the latter case described above, the processing component 210 quickly predicts the location where the patient may collide, causing the first airbags 110 in the corresponding area to quickly inflate to the second protection state, while the first airbags 110 in other areas quickly inflate to the first protection state. This provides focused protection for specific areas of the patient, especially when the predicted collision location is the back of the head or jaw, requiring more precise prediction to ensure the protective effect of the protective unit 100. Besides the standard exceptions mentioned above, patient body shapes vary considerably. The processing component 210 can flexibly select any one or two of the above protection methods in a certain proportion to adapt to different situations. Furthermore, the processing component 210 also needs to determine, based on the distribution of surrounding obstacles, whether the patient may collide with obstacles in addition to the ground after falling, so that the processing component 210 can select a protection method with more comprehensive information.

[0072] Preferably, when a patient falls, the processing component 210 can prioritize all the first airbags 110 based on its prediction of the location where the patient may collide. The first airbags 110 located in the corresponding area of ​​the possible collision location have the highest priority, and the first airbags 110 located further away from the corresponding area of ​​the possible collision location have a lower priority. The air regulating component 130, in response to the control signal of the processing component 210, performs inflation based on the priority ranking of the first airbags 110. That is, it can ensure that the high-priority first airbags 110 are adequately inflated before ensuring that the low-priority first airbags 110 are inflated.

[0073] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring unit 300 may be configured with a pressure monitoring component 330 for monitoring pressure information. The pressure monitoring component 330 may be positioned at locations where the patient is prone to collisions to calibrate the motion monitoring unit 300. Specifically, the pressure monitoring component 330 can determine whether a collision occurred after a fall or whether the patient's movement constitutes a fall. Since the motion monitoring component 320 acquires the patient's movement trends using devices such as accelerometers and gyroscopes, and the processing component 210 determines whether it is a common fall action, it may generate fall actions not existing in the database based on the actual situation of different patients. This is especially true for patients with epilepsy, whose actions during seizures are unpredictable. Furthermore, even if a fall occurs, it does not necessarily result in head impact. For example, sitting directly on a support platform, although performing a falling action that can be considered a fall, does not necessarily result in head impact. Therefore, the pressure monitoring component 330 can be used to calibrate the fall state prediction of the motion monitoring component 320.

[0074] Preferably, the pressure monitoring component 330 can be fitted with a pressure-detecting elastic block at a location where the patient is prone to impact. This allows the elastic block to generate an accelerated impact upon impact. A control signal is generated based on the voltage signal converted from the impact mechanical energy by the piezoelectric converter, which can directly control or indirectly control the protection unit 100 via the processing component 210. This allows the protection unit 100, responding to the control signal, to inflate the first airbag 110 in the corresponding area. Furthermore, when the motion monitoring component 320 detects a tendency for the patient to fall, the air adjustment component 130 can prepare for inflation in advance, or preemptively switch at least a portion of the first airbag 110 from its normal state to a first protection state. This allows the pressure monitoring component 330 to more quickly switch the first airbag 110 from the first protection state to the second protection state upon detecting an impact force.

[0075] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring unit 300 may be configured with an environmental monitoring component 340 for monitoring external environmental information, which may include temperature, humidity, climate, etc. Since weather changes can affect a patient's mood and comfort, and may incite seizures due to mood swings, for example, rainy days, especially during seasonal transitions, are peak periods for epilepsy. Furthermore, climate change can cause significant temperature fluctuations, and unstable temperatures may cause patients to catch colds, fevers, and other illnesses, which can then trigger seizures. Therefore, when the processing component 210 receives external environmental information from the environmental monitoring unit 300, it can adjust the sampling frequency of the EEG monitoring component 310 based on the current environmental and climatic conditions. For example, the sampling frequency of the EEG monitoring component 310 can be increased, at least during environmental and climatic conditions that are peak periods for epilepsy, such as seasonal transitions.

[0076] Furthermore, the external environmental information may also include the condition of surrounding obstacles. This allows the environmental monitoring component 340 to roughly collect data on the distribution of surrounding obstacles when the patient is in the flare-up and may fall. This enables the processing component 210 to combine the distribution of obstacles, especially those along the direction of the fall, when predicting the patient's fall location and potential impact site in subsequent time series based on motion state information, thus more accurately determining the potential impact site. Furthermore, for the same obstacle distribution, patients of different body types may experience different impact sites, and some patients may suffer more severe impact injuries while others remain unharmed. Therefore, the processing component 210 can combine patient body type information, motion state information, and the distribution of surrounding obstacles to accurately predict the patient's fall state.

[0077] Furthermore, external environmental information may also include optical information. Since children's eyes are more sensitive than adults', when the environmental monitoring module 340 detects that the current environment's optical information may trigger symptoms such as photosensitive epilepsy, it can directly feed this information back to the central control unit 200 to generate control and alarm signals. In particular, strong stimulation of the optic nerve in children can affect brain control, potentially triggering epilepsy. For example, if the current environment involves a high-frequency switching between red and blue light, which is highly stimulating to the human eye, it can cause strong stimulation to the optic nerve in children, thereby inducing symptoms. This high-frequency switching between red and blue light could be approximately once every 1 / 12 of a second.

[0078] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring components of the monitoring unit 300 are interconnected and mutually restrictive. For example, an epileptic seizure may trigger a fall that results in head impact or not; an accidental fall in daily life causing head impact may trigger an epileptic seizure; environmental influences may directly cause an epileptic seizure or indirectly cause one through a fall. Therefore, the processing component 210 can comprehensively regulate the sampling frequency of different monitoring components. That is, the sampling frequency of each monitoring component is adjusted based at least on the data information collected by other monitoring components and their sampling frequencies. This allows the processing component 210 to analyze and process data information from multiple monitoring components without requiring excessive configuration. Simultaneously, it can analyze and process data information in a relatively staggered manner, preventing the processing component 210 from operating at high load for extended periods. The peak value in the relatively staggered operation can be adjusted by the processing component 210 based on factors such as the patient's current state and all data information received at different sampling frequencies. This comprehensive regulation of relatively staggered operation aims to reduce the amount of data processed by the processing component 210 per unit time, avoiding delays caused by data redundancy and reducing the configuration requirements of the processing component 210.

[0079] Preferably, when the patient is in a non-symptom period, all monitoring components can transmit data to the processing component 210 at a relatively low sampling frequency to reduce the amount of data transmission, storage, and processing, thereby reducing the latency of the processing component 210 when high-load computing is required.

[0080] Preferably, when the environmental monitoring component 340 detects that the current climate is likely to cause fluctuations in the patient's psychological and emotional state, the sampling frequency of the EEG monitoring component 310 can be increased; when the EEG monitoring component 310 detects that the patient has entered the first stage of the disease, the sampling frequency of the motor monitoring component 320 can be increased; when the motor monitoring component 320 detects that the patient has a tendency to fall, the sampling frequency of the stress monitoring component 330 and / or the environmental monitoring component 340 can be increased; when the motor monitoring component 320 detects that the patient is performing a routine action that is not in the database, the sampling frequency of the EEG monitoring component 310 can be increased.

[0081] Furthermore, while increasing the sampling frequency of some monitoring components, the sampling frequency of some monitoring components can be appropriately reduced to ensure that the processing component 210 can drive the protection unit 100 to perform protection actions in a low-latency manner. Appropriately reducing the sampling frequency can be achieved by collecting data at the same interval but slowing down the data transmission frequency, thereby reducing the computational load pressure on the processing component 210 without data loss, and enabling the processing component 210 to output correct and appropriate control signals in a timely manner.

[0082] According to a preferred embodiment, the central control unit 200 may also be connected to an alarm component 230, so that the alarm component 230 can transmit distress signals to the surroundings in the form of sound and / or light, so as to avoid caregivers using user terminals and / or staff using servers being unable to provide timely assistance to patients who may have suffered damage during the course of their illness.

[0083] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described above are exemplary. Those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this invention, and these solutions all fall within the scope of this invention and its protection. Those skilled in the art should understand that this specification and its accompanying drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. This specification contains multiple inventive concepts; terms such as "preferredly," "according to a preferred embodiment," or "optionally" indicate that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept. The applicant reserves the right to file divisional applications based on each inventive concept. Throughout the text, features introduced by "preferredly" are merely optional and should not be construed as mandatory. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete relevant preferred features at any time.

Claims

1. A head-mounted device with adjustable protection level, characterized in that, include: The main unit, equipped with an outer shell and an inner liner, is designed to be fitted onto the patient's head, and an electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring component (310) is provided in at least a portion of the area corresponding to the top of the patient's head. The protective unit (100) includes a plurality of first airbags (110), which can be respectively disposed in the cavity between the outer shell and the inner liner of the main body unit to protect the patient's head; the inflation state of the first airbags (110) is adjusted by the air regulating component (130) in response to the control signal; the inflation state of the first airbags (110) is divided into multiple levels, and different levels of inflation state correspond to different degrees of protection; When the processing component (210) receives the EEG signal information collected by the EEG monitoring component (310), it can extract the data using a sliding time window, construct a feature matrix from the extracted segments, and then analyze the data using a trained model to determine the patient's current disease state. The processing component (210) can send different control signals to the protection unit (100) based on the patient's current disease state, so that the air regulating component (130) of the protection unit (100) can inflate the corresponding first airbag (110) to different degrees based on the different control signals, so as to achieve multi-stage protection.

2. The head-mounted device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing component (210) constructs feature vectors based on the EEG signal information collected by the selected electrodes to form a feature matrix, and then trains and learns to save the trained model.

3. The head-mounted device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, When the patient is not experiencing an attack, the first air sac (110) remains in its normal state without inflating. When the patient is in the first stage of the disease, the first air sac (110) is converted into the first protective state by inflating at least partially; When the patient is in the second stage of illness, the first air bladder (110) is converted into a second protective state in a fully inflated form.

4. The head-mounted device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, When a patient transitions from a non-symptom state to a symptom state, the EEG monitoring component (310) acquires the changes in the patient's EEG signal information and transmits it to the processing component (210) for analysis and processing, thereby generating a control signal to drive the operation of the air regulating component (130) to cause the first airbag (110) to expand from a normal state to a second protective state via a first protective state, and then contract from the second protective state to a normal state after the symptom state ends.

5. The head-mounted device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The second protection state of the first airbag (110) is based on a larger inflation volume and has a larger expansion volume compared to the first protection state.

6. The head-mounted device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The device also includes a second airbag (120) sandwiched between the electrode sleeve and the probe base. The electrodes of the EEG monitoring component (310) are connected to the second air bladder (120) so that the expansion degree of the second air bladder (120) can be adjusted by the air regulating component (130), thereby adjusting the effective length of the electrodes of the EEG monitoring component (310).

7. The head-mounted device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, When the electrodes of the EEG monitoring component (310) are in the protruding position of the skull, the processing component (210) reduces the gas in the second air sac (120) by the gas regulating component (130) to shorten the height of the second air sac (120) and thus shorten the effective length of the electrodes. When the electrodes of the EEG monitoring component (310) are in the skull depression position, the processing component (210) fills the second air sac (120) with gas through the gas regulating component (130) to increase the height of the second air sac (120) and thus increase the effective length of the electrodes, thereby ensuring full contact between the electrodes and the patient's scalp, thereby reducing the input impedance and improving the quality of the EEG signals collected by the EEG monitoring component (310).

8. The head-mounted device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, When a patient is in the acute phase and / or falls, the processing component (210) drives the communication component (220) to send an alarm signal to the user terminal and / or the server, and / or drives the alarm component (230) to send an alarm signal to the surroundings in the form of sound / light.

9. A monitoring system for a head-mounted device with adjustable protection level, characterized in that, Includes processing components (210). When receiving EEG signal information collected by the EEG monitoring component (310), the processing component (210) can extract the data using a sliding time window, construct a feature matrix from the extracted segments, and then analyze the data using a trained model to determine the patient's current disease state. The processing component (210) can send different control signals to the protection unit (100) based on the patient's current disease state, so that the air regulating component (130) of the protection unit (100) can inflate the corresponding first airbag (110) to different degrees based on the different control signals, so as to achieve multi-stage protection. The EEG monitoring component (310) is located in at least a portion of the main unit corresponding to the top of the patient's head; the main unit is equipped with a shell and an inner liner for fitting onto the patient's head. The protective unit (100) has several first airbags (110) that can be respectively disposed in the cavity between the outer shell and the inner liner of the main body unit to protect the patient's head; the inflation state of the first airbag (110) is adjusted by the air regulating component (130) in response to the control signal; the inflation state of the first airbag (110) is divided into multiple levels, and different levels of inflation state correspond to different degrees of protection.

10. The monitoring system according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the patient is not experiencing an attack, the first air sac (110) remains in its normal state without inflating. When the patient is in the first stage of the disease, the first air sac (110) is converted into the first protective state by inflating at least partially; When the patient is in the second stage of illness, the first air bladder (110) is converted into a second protective state in a fully inflated form.

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