Double-layer rough and fine integrated turning tool with adjustable fine cutting allowance

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tools for lathes, in particular to a double-layer rough-finish integrated turning tool with adjustable finish cutting allowance, which comprises a tool bar, a first tool block, a second tool block, a rough blade, a finish blade and an adjusting part, and the first tool block and the second tool block are detachably arranged on the tool bar; the first cutter block and the second cutter block extend in the extension direction of the cutter bar, the first cutter block is parallel to the second cutter block, and the first cutter block can move relative to the second cutter block along the extension of the cutter bar; the adjusting piece is arranged on the cutter bar and used for adjusting the first cutter block to move relative to the second cutter block. The rough blade and the finish blade are respectively fixed on the first cutter block and the second cutter block, cutting edges of the rough blade and the finish blade respectively extend out of the first cutter block and the second cutter block along the extension direction of the cutter bar, and when a workpiece is turned, the rough blade is contacted with the workpiece to be machined before the finish blade. When the turning tool is used, the cutting allowance of the finishing blade can be adjusted based on the working condition that the position of the finishing blade is not changed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lathe cutting tool technology, and in particular to a double-layer roughing and finishing integrated lathe tool with adjustable finishing allowance. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, such as Figure 1 As shown, existing double-layer roughing and finishing integrated turning tools typically include a tool holder 1, a finishing insert 2, and a roughing insert 3. The tool holder 1 extends along a first horizontal direction, and the direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction is designated as a second horizontal direction. The front end of the tool holder 1 has a first cutting head 10 and a second cutting head 11. The front ends of the first cutting head 10 and the second cutting head 11 are spaced apart along the second horizontal direction. The roughing insert 3 is fixed to the front end of the first cutting head 10, and the finishing insert 2 is fixed to the front end of the second cutting head 11. The cutting edges of both the finishing insert 2 and the roughing insert 3 protrude along the first horizontal direction. The finishing insert 2 and the roughing insert 3 are offset from each other in the second horizontal direction, and the cutting edge of the finishing insert 2 is located in front of the cutting edge of the roughing insert 3.

[0003] During the turning process of workpiece 8, the roughing insert 3 first turns workpiece 8, and then the finishing insert 2 performs finishing turning on workpiece 8 that has been rough turned by the roughing insert 3, so as to realize the integrated rough and finishing machining of workpiece 8.

[0004] However, when the above-mentioned cutting tool is in use, the cutting allowance of the finishing insert 2 cannot be adjusted under the condition that the position of the finishing insert 2 remains unchanged, which results in the inability to adjust the finishing cutting allowance of the cutting tool. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a double-layer integrated roughing and finishing turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance, thereby solving the technical problem that existing double-layer integrated roughing and finishing turning tools cannot adjust the finishing allowance of the finishing insert when the position of the finishing insert remains unchanged.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A double-layer integrated roughing and finishing turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance includes a tool shank, a first tool block, a second tool block, a roughing insert, a finishing insert, and an adjusting element. The first and second tool blocks are detachably mounted on the tool shank. Both the first and second tool blocks extend along the extension direction of the tool shank, are parallel to each other, and the first tool block is movable relative to the second tool block along the extension direction of the tool shank. The adjusting element is mounted on the tool shank and is used to adjust the movement of the first tool block relative to the second tool block along the extension direction of the tool shank. The roughing insert is fixed to... On the first cutting block, the cutting edge of the coarse cutting insert extends beyond the first cutting block along the extension direction of the cutting shank. The finishing cutting insert is fixed on the second cutting block, and its cutting edge extends beyond the second cutting block along the extension direction of the cutting shank. Along the turning direction, the cutting edge of the coarse cutting insert contacts the workpiece to be turned before the cutting edge of the finishing cutting insert. The distance from the cutting edge of the coarse cutting insert to the central axis of the workpiece to be turned is denoted as L1, and the distance from the cutting edge of the finishing cutting insert to the central axis of the workpiece to be turned is denoted as L2. The relationship between L1 and L2 is: L1 > L2.

[0007] Furthermore, the tool holder includes a tool handle and a tool block mounting part. The tool block mounting part is fixed to one end of the tool handle. A tool block mounting groove is provided on the tool block mounting part. The tool block mounting groove passes through the end face of the tool block mounting part facing away from the tool handle. The first tool block and the second tool block are both disposed in the tool block mounting groove. Furthermore, a through groove is provided in the blade mounting part. The through groove extends along the extension direction of the blade shank and passes through the end face of the blade mounting part facing away from the blade handle. The through groove also extends vertically through the opposite sides of the blade mounting part. The through groove communicates with the blade mounting slot. The through groove divides the blade mounting part into a locking part and a connecting part. When the locking part is subjected to force, it undergoes elastic deformation under the action of the through groove. The blade mounting slot is disposed between the locking part and the connecting part, and the blade mounting slot communicates with the through groove. The second blade is placed on the connecting part, and the first blade is placed on the second blade. The locking part is used to press the first blade onto the second blade, so as to force the second blade to be locked on the connecting part.

[0008] Furthermore, a limiting groove is formed on the surface of the second cutting block facing away from the first cutting block, and a limiting member is provided on the connecting part. The limiting member is inserted into the limiting groove to prevent the second cutting block from moving relative to the first cutting block along the extension direction of the cutting rod.

[0009] Furthermore, an internal cooling interface is provided on one side of the connecting part, and a first internal cooling channel communicating with the internal cooling interface is provided inside the connecting part. A second internal cooling channel is provided inside the second blade block. The first end of the second internal cooling channel communicates with the first internal cooling channel. A sealing ring is provided circumferentially at the connection between the first internal cooling channel and the second internal cooling channel. The second end of the second internal cooling channel communicates with the precision blade.

[0010] Furthermore, a first threaded hole is provided on the connecting part, the first threaded hole extends along the extension direction of the tool bar, the first end of the adjusting member is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole, and the second end of the adjusting member is used to abut against the end face of the first tool block near the tool handle.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the second end of the adjusting member is larger than the outer diameter of the first end of the adjusting member, and a plurality of through holes are provided circumferentially on the second end of the adjusting member, the through holes extending radially along the adjusting member.

[0012] Furthermore, a first V-shaped groove is formed on the surface of the first cutting block facing away from the second cutting block. The first V-shaped groove extends along the extension direction of the cutting rod. A first V-shaped guide portion is provided on the surface of the locking part facing the first cutting block, which is slidably adapted to the first V-shaped groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the surface of the first cutting block facing away from the second cutting block is designated as the first surface, and a first groove is provided at one end of the first surface away from the cutting rod. The coarse cutting blade is fixed in the first groove, and a first inclined surface is provided between the first groove and the first surface. The first inclined surface and the first groove are connected by an arc transition.

[0014] Furthermore, an isolation portion is fixed on the second blade block, which is used to increase the distance between the coarse blade and the fine blade.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In this invention, a double-layer roughing and finishing integrated turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance is used by fixing the tool holder on the lathe. The first and second tool blocks, fixed to the tool holder, are parallel to each other and both extend along the tool holder's extension direction. The roughing insert is fixed to the first tool block, with its cutting edge extending beyond the first tool block along the tool holder's extension direction. The finishing insert is fixed to the second tool block, with its cutting edge extending beyond the second tool block along the tool holder's extension direction. Along the turning forward direction, the cutting edge of the roughing insert contacts the workpiece before the cutting edge of the finishing insert. The distance from the cutting edge of the roughing insert to the central axis of the workpiece is greater than the distance from the cutting edge of the finishing insert to the central axis of the workpiece. Therefore, while the roughing insert performs roughing on the workpiece, the finishing insert performs finishing, achieving integrated roughing and finishing of the workpiece. When the position of the finishing insert remains unchanged, and the finishing allowance of the cutting tool needs to be adjusted, since the first cutting block is detachably connected to the tool holder and can move relative to the second cutting block along the extension of the tool holder, the cutting allowance of the roughing insert can be adjusted by unlocking the connection between the first cutting block and the tool holder and then manually driving the adjusting mechanism to move the first cutting block relative to the second cutting block along the extension direction of the tool holder. This indirectly changes the cutting allowance of the finishing insert, and thus changes the finishing allowance of the cutting tool. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lathe tool turning a workpiece in the background art of this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in the case of a lathe tool turning a workpiece in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-layer roughing and finishing integrated turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tool holder structure involved in this embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting tool from another angle in this embodiment; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Another structural diagram from a different angle; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Sectional view at point DD; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first cutting block in this embodiment; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Another structural diagram from a different angle; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second blade block in this embodiment.

[0017] Numbers in the attached drawings: 1. Tool holder; 10. First tool head; 11. Second tool head; 12. Tool shank; 13. Tool block mounting part; 130. Tool block mounting slot; 131. Through slot; 132. Locking part; 133. Connecting part; 1330. Limiting part; 1331. Internal cooling interface; 1332. First internal cooling channel; 1333. Annular groove; 134. Connecting hole; 135. Second threaded hole; 136. First threaded hole; 137. Second inclined surface; 138. First V-shaped guide part; 139. 1. Sealing ring; 2. Fine cutting tool; 3. Coarse cutting tool; 4. First cutting block; 40. First surface; 401. First groove; 402. First inclined surface; 41. First V-shaped groove; 42. Second V-shaped guide; 5. Second cutting block; 50. Limiting groove; 51. Second surface; 510. Second groove; 52. Isolation part; 520. Third inclined surface; 53. Second V-shaped groove; 54. Second internal cooling channel; 6. Adjusting component; 60. Through hole; 7. Fastener; 8. Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," indicating directional or positional relationships, are based on the directional or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Additionally, it should be noted that in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "setting," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication of two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 2-11 The present invention provides a double-layer integrated roughing and finishing turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance, comprising a tool holder 1, a roughing insert 3, a finishing insert 2, a first cutting block 4, a second cutting block 5, and an adjusting component 6.

[0022] Reference Figure 2 The tool holder 1 extends along a first horizontal direction, and the horizontal direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction is designated as a second horizontal direction. (Refer to...) Figures 2-5 The tool holder 1 includes a tool handle 12 and a tool block mounting part 13. The tool block mounting part 13 is fixed to one end of the tool handle 12. A tool block mounting groove 130 is provided on the tool block mounting part 13. The tool block mounting groove 130 passes through the end face of the tool block mounting part 13 facing away from the tool handle 12 along a horizontal first direction.

[0023] In addition, continue to refer to Figures 2-5 A through groove 131 is provided in the blade mounting part 13. The through groove 131 extends horizontally through the end face of the blade mounting part 13 facing away from the blade holder 12. The through groove 131 also extends vertically through the opposite sides of the blade mounting part 13, and communicates with the blade mounting groove 130. This allows the through groove 131 to divide the blade mounting part 13 into a locking part 132 and a connecting part 133. When the locking part 132 is subjected to force, it undergoes elastic deformation under the action of the through groove 131. In addition, the blade mounting groove 130 is provided between the locking part 132 and the connecting part 133, and the blade mounting groove 130 communicates with the through groove 131.

[0024] Reference Figures 4-6 The locking part 132 is provided with a connecting hole 134, which extends along the second horizontal direction. The connecting part 133 is provided with a second threaded hole 135 that is coaxial with and communicates with the connecting hole 134.

[0025] Reference Figures 2-7 The first cutting block 4 and the second cutting block 5 are both detachably mounted on the cutting rod 1. Specifically, the second cutting block 5 is placed on the connecting part 133 and located in the cutting block mounting groove 130, and the first cutting block 4 is placed on the second cutting block 5 and located in the cutting block mounting groove 130. The first cutting block 4 and the second cutting block 5 both extend in a horizontal first direction, are parallel to each other, and the first cutting block 4 can move relative to the second cutting block 5 along the extension of the cutting rod 1. Since the locking part 132 can undergo elastic deformation under the action of the through groove 131 when subjected to force, the locking part 132 can press the first cutting block 4 onto the second cutting block 5 by passing a fastener 7 (such as a screw) through the connecting hole 134 and threadedly connecting it to the second threaded hole 135, thereby forcing the second cutting block 5 to be locked onto the connecting part 133. Therefore, it can be seen that only one fastener 7 is needed to lock the first cutting block 4 and the second cutting block 5 onto the cutting block mounting part 13, which not only saves the number of fasteners 7, but also simplifies the structure of locking the first cutting block 4 and the second cutting block 5 onto the cutting block mounting part 13.

[0026] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 9 One end of the first cutting tool block 4 extends out of the cutting tool mounting groove 130 along a horizontal first direction. The surface of the first cutting tool block 4 facing away from the second cutting tool block 5 is designated as the first surface 40. A first groove 401 is formed on the first surface 40 at the end away from the tool holder 1. The coarse cutting tool 3 is fixed in the first groove 401, and the cutting edge of the coarse cutting tool 3 extends out of the first cutting tool block 4 along a horizontal first direction. In this way, the first cutting tool block 4 can avoid contact with the workpiece 8 during the coarse cutting tool 3 turning the workpiece 8. In addition, a first inclined surface 402 is provided between the first groove 401 and the first surface 40. The first inclined surface 402 is connected to the first groove 401 by an arc transition. This can effectively guide the cuttings generated by the coarse cutting tool 3 turning the workpiece 8, avoid the accumulation or wrapping of cutting chips on the coarse cutting tool 3, and reduce the wear of the coarse cutting tool 3 due to secondary cutting.

[0027] In addition, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 9 The locking part 132 is also provided with a second inclined surface 137, which is on the same plane as the first inclined surface 402. In other words, the second inclined surface 137 effectively extends the first inclined surface 402, further facilitating the removal of cuttings generated by the roughing insert 3 turning the workpiece 8. Since the first cutting block 4 can move along the first horizontal direction, to reduce friction between the first cutting block 4 and the locking part 132, refer to... Figure 3 , Figure 9 , Figure 10A first V-shaped groove 41 is formed on the surface of the first cutting block 4 facing away from the second cutting block 5. The first V-shaped groove 41 extends along the extension direction of the cutting rod 1. A first V-shaped guide portion 138 is provided on the surface of the locking part 132 facing the first cutting block 4. The first V-shaped guide portion 138 slides and adapts to the first V-shaped groove 41. It can be understood that when the first cutting block 4 is adjusted to move in the first horizontal direction, the relative sliding between the first V-shaped guide portion 138 and the first V-shaped groove 41 can effectively reduce the friction between the first cutting block 4 and the locking part 132, and at the same time, it can also guide the first cutting block 4 to move in the first horizontal direction.

[0028] As the first cutting block 4 moves along the first horizontal direction, the second cutting block 5 may be displaced due to the friction between the first cutting block 4 and the second cutting block 5. Therefore, a limiting groove 50 is provided on the surface of the second cutting block 5 facing away from the first cutting block 4 (e.g., Figure 11 As shown), a limiting member 1330 is provided on the connecting part 133 (e.g. Figure 4 As shown), the limiting member 1330 is inserted into the limiting groove 50 to prevent the second cutting block 5 from moving relative to the first cutting block 4 along the extension direction of the cutting bar 1.

[0029] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 11 One end of the second cutting tool 5 extends out of the cutting tool mounting groove 130 along the first horizontal direction. The surface of the second cutting tool 5 facing the first cutting tool 4 is designated as the second surface 51. A second groove 510 is formed at the end of the second surface 51 away from the tool holder 1. The finishing insert 2 is fixed to the second cutting tool 5. Specifically, the finishing insert 2 is welded and fixed inside the second groove 510, and the cutting edge of the finishing insert 2 extends out of the second cutting tool 5 along the first horizontal direction. In this way, the second cutting tool 5 can avoid contact with the workpiece 8 during the turning process of the finishing insert 2. Of course, the surface of the finishing insert 2 is flush with the second surface 51 to eliminate the step or gap between the finishing insert 2 and the second surface 51, so that the chips can smoothly transition to the second surface 51.

[0030] In addition, refer to Figure 11 An isolation part 52 is fixed on the second surface 51 of the second cutting block 5. The first cutting block 4 is placed on the isolation part 52 of the second cutting block 5. The isolation part 52 is used to widen the gap between the coarse cutting tool 3 and the fine cutting tool 2, so as to prevent the fine cutting tool 2 from participating in cutting the workpiece 8 too early, which is conducive to improving the fine turning effect of the fine cutting tool 2.

[0031] Among them, reference Figure 6 and Figure 11The end face of the isolation section 52 facing away from the tool holder 12 is designated as a third inclined surface 520. The third inclined surface 520 is angled to the precision cutting tool 2, and the included angle A between the third inclined surface 520 and the precision cutting tool 2 is an acute angle. Furthermore, the third inclined surface 520 and the precision cutting tool 2 are connected by a rounded transition. This effectively removes the cutting material generated by the precision cutting tool 2 during machining of the workpiece 8, preventing the accumulation or entanglement of cutting chips on the precision cutting tool 2 and reducing wear on the precision cutting tool 2 during secondary cutting. In addition, the isolation section 52 also increases the contact area between the second cutting tool 5 and the first cutting tool 4, thereby increasing the supporting force of the second cutting tool 5 on the first cutting tool 4 and extending the service life of the first cutting tool 4. In this embodiment, the included angle A between the third inclined surface 520 and the precision cutting tool 2 is 75°; in other embodiments, the included angle between the third inclined surface 520 and the precision cutting tool 2 can also be 80° or 65°.

[0032] To reduce friction between the second cutting block 5 and the first cutting block 4, such as Figure 11 As shown, a second V-shaped groove 53 is provided on the isolation portion 52 of the second cutting block 5. The second V-shaped groove 53 extends along the extension direction of the cutting rod 1. A second V-shaped guide portion 42 is provided on the surface of the first cutting block 4 facing the second cutting block 5. The second V-shaped guide portion 42 is slidably adapted to the second V-shaped groove 53. It can be understood that when the first cutting block 4 is adjusted to move along the first horizontal direction, the sliding adaptation of the second V-shaped guide portion 42 and the second V-shaped groove 53 can effectively reduce the friction between the first cutting block 4 and the second cutting block 5, and at the same time, it can also guide the first cutting block 4 to move along the first horizontal direction.

[0033] In the turning direction, the cutting edge of the coarse insert 3 contacts the workpiece 8 to be turned before the cutting edge of the finish insert 2. The distance from the cutting edge of the coarse insert 3 to the central axis of the workpiece 8 to be turned is set as L1, and the distance from the cutting edge of the finish insert 2 to the central axis of the workpiece 8 to be turned is set as L2. The relationship between L1 and L2 is: L1 > L2.

[0034] It should be noted that the central axis of workpiece 8 refers to the axis passing through the center points of both end faces of workpiece 8 along its axial direction. (Refer to...) Figure 2 An adjusting member 6 is disposed on the tool holder 1 and is used to adjust the movement of the first cutting block 4 relative to the second cutting block 5 along the extension direction of the tool holder 1. Specifically, a first threaded hole 136 is provided on the connecting part 133, which extends along the extension direction of the tool holder 1. The first end of the adjusting member 6 is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole 136, and the second end of the adjusting member 6 abuts against the end face of the first cutting block 4 near the tool holder 12. By manually rotating the adjusting member 6, the adjusting member 6 can be driven to extend along the first horizontal direction, thereby enabling the adjusting member 6 to drive the first cutting block 4 to move along the first horizontal direction.

[0035] Reference Figure 2The outer diameter of the second end of the adjusting member 6 is larger than the outer diameter of the first end of the adjusting member 6. Several through holes 60 are provided in the circumferential direction of the second end of the adjusting member 6. The through holes 60 extend radially along the adjusting member 6. The through holes 60 can be used to insert tools (such as pry bars), so that the user can manually rotate the adjusting member 6 by using tools.

[0036] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 An internal cooling interface 1331 is provided on one side of the connecting part 133. The internal cooling interface 1331 is used to connect to an external air source. A first internal cooling channel 1332 communicating with the internal cooling interface 1331 is provided inside the connecting part 133. A second internal cooling channel 54 is provided inside the second blade 5. The first end of the second internal cooling channel 54 is connected to the first internal cooling channel 1332, and the second end of the second internal cooling channel 54 is connected to the precision blade 2. It can be understood that gas can enter the first internal cooling channel 1332 through the internal cooling interface 1331, then enter the second internal cooling channel 54, and finally be blown out from the second internal cooling channel 54 to cool the precision blade 2.

[0037] In other embodiments, the internal cooling interface 1331 can also be used to connect external coolant. The coolant enters the first internal cooling channel 1332 through the internal cooling interface 1331 and then flows out from the second internal cooling channel 54 to cool the precision blade 2.

[0038] Of course, a sealing ring 139 is provided circumferentially at the connection between the first internal cooling channel 1332 and the second internal cooling channel 54 (e.g., Figure 8 As shown), to prevent circumferential leakage of cooling medium from the connection point between the first internal cooling channel 1332 and the second internal cooling channel 54. Specifically, refer to... Figure 4 and Figure 8 An annular groove 1333 is provided on the side wall of the blade mounting groove 130. The annular groove 1333 is located on the periphery of the part where the first internal cooling channel 1332 and the second internal cooling channel 54 connect. The sealing ring 139 is installed and fixed in the annular groove 1333.

[0039] Working principle of the invention: When using the double-layer roughing and finishing integrated turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance of the present invention, the tool holder 1 is fixed on the tool holder of the lathe. During the turning process, the cutting edge of the roughing insert 3 contacts the workpiece 8 to be turned before the cutting edge of the finishing insert 2. Since the distance from the cutting edge of the roughing insert 3 to the central axis of the workpiece 8 is greater than the distance from the cutting edge of the finishing insert 2 to the central axis of the workpiece 8, the finishing insert 2 simultaneously performs finishing on the workpiece 8 while the roughing insert 3 is performing roughing on the workpiece 8, thereby realizing the integrated roughing and finishing of the workpiece 8.

[0040] When it is necessary to adjust the finishing allowance of the lathe tool, the adjustment member 6 is manually rotated. The rotational motion of the adjustment member 6 is converted into linear motion along the first horizontal direction, thereby driving the first tool block 4 to move along the first horizontal direction. This adjusts the finishing allowance of the roughing insert 3, indirectly changing the finishing allowance of the finishing insert 2 and thus the finishing allowance of the lathe tool. Because the limiting member 1330 cooperates with the limiting groove 50 on the second tool block 5, the second tool block 5 cannot move along the first horizontal direction. Therefore, during the process of the adjustment member 6 driving the first tool block 4 to move along the first horizontal direction, the position of the second tool block 5 remains unchanged. This allows the lathe tool of the present invention to adjust the cutting allowance of the finishing insert 2 under the condition that the position of the finishing insert 2 remains unchanged. This overcomes the technical defect of existing double-layer roughing and finishing integrated lathe tools, which cannot adjust the cutting allowance of the finishing insert 2 under the condition that the position of the finishing insert 2 remains unchanged.

[0041] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-layer integrated roughing and finishing turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance, characterized in that, The tool includes a tool holder, a first tool block, a second tool block, a coarse cutting insert, a finish cutting insert, and an adjusting component. The first and second tool blocks are detachably mounted on the tool holder. Both the first and second tool blocks extend along the extension direction of the tool holder, are parallel to each other, and the first tool block is movable relative to the second tool block along the extension direction of the tool holder. The adjusting component is mounted on the tool holder and is used to adjust the movement of the first tool block relative to the second tool block along the extension direction of the tool holder. The coarse cutting insert is fixed to the first tool block, and its cutting edge extends beyond the first tool block along the extension direction of the tool holder. The finish cutting insert is fixed to the second tool block, and its cutting edge extends beyond the second tool block along the extension direction of the tool holder. Along the turning direction, the cutting edge of the coarse cutting insert contacts the workpiece to be turned before the cutting edge of the finish cutting insert. The distance from the cutting edge of the coarse cutting insert to the central axis of the workpiece to be turned is denoted as L1, and the distance from the cutting edge of the finish cutting insert to the central axis of the workpiece to be turned is denoted as L2. The relationship between L1 and L2 is: L1 > L2.

2. The double-layer integrated roughing and finishing turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool holder includes a tool handle and a tool block mounting part. The tool block mounting part is fixed to one end of the tool handle. A tool block mounting groove is provided on the tool block mounting part. The tool block mounting groove passes through the end face of the tool block mounting part facing away from the tool handle. The first tool block and the second tool block are both provided in the tool block mounting groove.

3. The double-layer integrated roughing and finishing turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance according to claim 2, characterized in that, The blade mounting part has a through groove that extends along the extension direction of the blade shank and passes through the end face of the blade mounting part facing away from the blade handle. The through groove also extends vertically through opposite sides of the blade mounting part and communicates with the blade mounting slot. The through groove divides the blade mounting part into a locking part and a connecting part, and the locking part undergoes elastic deformation under the action of the through groove when subjected to force. The blade mounting slot is located between the locking part and the connecting part and communicates with the through groove. The second blade is placed on the connecting part, and the first blade is placed on the second blade. The locking part is used to press the first blade onto the second blade to force the second blade to be locked on the connecting part.

4. A double-layer integrated roughing and finishing turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance according to claim 3, characterized in that, A limiting groove is formed on the surface of the second cutting block facing away from the first cutting block, and a limiting member is provided on the connecting part. The limiting member is inserted into the limiting groove to prevent the second cutting block from moving relative to the first cutting block along the extension direction of the cutting bar.

5. A double-layer integrated roughing and finishing turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance according to claim 3, characterized in that, An internal cooling interface is provided on one side of the connecting part, and a first internal cooling channel communicating with the internal cooling interface is provided inside the connecting part. A second internal cooling channel is provided inside the second blade block. The first end of the second internal cooling channel communicates with the first internal cooling channel. A sealing ring is provided circumferentially at the connection between the first internal cooling channel and the second internal cooling channel. The second end of the second internal cooling channel communicates with the precision blade.

6. A double-layer integrated roughing and finishing turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting part is provided with a first threaded hole, which extends along the extension direction of the tool bar. The first end of the adjusting member is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole, and the second end of the adjusting member is used to abut against the end face of the first tool block near the tool handle.

7. A double-layer integrated roughing and finishing turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the second end of the adjusting member is larger than the outer diameter of the first end of the adjusting member. The second end of the adjusting member is provided with a plurality of through holes in the circumferential direction, and the through holes extend radially along the adjusting member.

8. A double-layer integrated roughing and finishing turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, A first V-shaped groove is formed on the surface of the first cutting block facing away from the second cutting block. The first V-shaped groove extends along the extension direction of the cutting rod. A first V-shaped guide portion is provided on the surface of the locking part facing the first cutting block, which is slidably adapted to the first V-shaped groove.

9. A double-layer integrated roughing and finishing turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the first cutting block facing away from the second cutting block is designated as the first surface. A first groove is provided at one end of the first surface away from the cutting rod. The coarse cutting blade is fixed in the first groove. A first inclined surface is provided between the first groove and the first surface. The first inclined surface and the first groove are connected by an arc transition.

10. A double-layer integrated roughing and finishing turning tool with adjustable finishing allowance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second cutting block is fixed with an isolation part, which is used to increase the distance between the coarse cutting blade and the fine cutting blade.

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