Anchor chain pre-tensioning system and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mooring, in particular to an anchor chain pre-tensioning system and a construction method.The anchor chain pre-tensioning system comprises a bearing plate, a plurality of anchoring points are arranged on the edge of the bearing plate in the circumferential direction, and the included angles between every two adjacent anchoring points are equal; a plurality of anchoring foundations, wherein one corresponding anchoring foundation is arranged along the extension direction of each anchoring point; the construction ship is located over the force bearing plate, and a plurality of winches are arranged on the construction ship; the pulley assembly comprises a fixed pulley block, a movable pulley block and a tensioning steel wire rope, a hook of the fixed pulley block is connected to the anchoring point, a hook of the movable pulley block is connected to the anchor chain, the tensioning steel wire rope is wound around the movable pulley block and the fixed pulley block to form a pulley system, and the tensioning end of the tensioning steel wire rope is connected with the winch. The two ends of the multiple anchor chains are connected with the pulley assembly and the anchoring foundation respectively, the pulley assembly and the winches are connected through the tensioning steel wire rope, the multiple winches are controlled to be tightened synchronously, synchronous pre-tensioning of the multiple anchor chains is achieved, the repeated process of one-by-one operation is avoided, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mooring technology, and in particular to an anchor chain pretensioning system and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of mooring systems for offshore platforms, floating wind turbines, etc., pre-tensioning is necessary after the anchor chains are laid to eliminate elastic deformation and routing bends. However, traditional anchor chain pre-tensioning methods have the following drawbacks: 1. Low construction efficiency: Traditional pre-tensioning methods can only tension one anchor chain at a time, requiring multiple anchor chains to be tensioned one by one, resulting in a long construction cycle. Especially in offshore operations, the risk of weather-related disruptions increases significantly; 2. Multiple anchor chains require repeated adjustments to the position of the construction vessel, leading to high energy and labor costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anchor chain pretensioning system and construction method to address the problems existing in the background art.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an anchor chain pretensioning system, comprising: The load-bearing plate has multiple anchor points along its circumferential edge. The multiple anchor points are located on the same circular path, and the included angle between two adjacent anchor points is equal. Each anchor point is equipped with a pulley assembly. Multiple anchoring foundations are provided, with a corresponding anchoring foundation arranged along the extension direction of each anchoring point, and the spacing between the anchoring point and the corresponding anchoring foundation is equal; A construction vessel is located directly above the load-bearing plate, and multiple winches are installed on the construction vessel. Multiple anchor chains, one end of each anchor chain is connected to one of the pulley assemblies, and the other end of each anchor chain is connected to the corresponding anchoring foundation; The pulley assembly includes a fixed pulley group, a movable pulley group, and a tension wire rope. The hook of the fixed pulley group is connected to the anchor point, and the hook of the movable pulley group is connected to the anchor chain. The tension wire rope is wound around the movable pulley group and the fixed pulley group, and the tensioning end of the tension wire rope is connected to the winch.

[0005] Preferably, the load-bearing plate includes a circular plate body and corner plates disposed on the edge of the circular plate body, wherein a plurality of corner plates are arranged circumferentially along the edge of the circular plate body, and the interval between adjacent corner plates is equal; Each of the corner plates has one of the anchor points.

[0006] Preferably, the anchor point is an anchor hole provided on the corner plate.

[0007] Preferably, the plurality of anchoring foundations are located on the same circular path.

[0008] Preferably, the system also includes a synchronization controller, which is disposed on the construction vessel and is used to control the start and stop of all the winches.

[0009] Preferably, the system further includes a tension sensor mounted on the winch, the tension sensor being used to measure the tension value of the anchor chain.

[0010] Preferably, the system also includes guide pulleys located at the edge of the construction vessel, with each winch having a corresponding guide pulley, and the tensioning wire rope being connected to the winch after passing over the guide pulleys.

[0011] Preferably, the anchoring foundation includes a suction anchor.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a base, which is located at the bottom of the water, and the load-bearing plate is installed on the base.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a construction method for an anchor chain pretensioning system, which, based on the anchor chain pretensioning system of the present invention, includes the following steps: S1: Fabricate the load-bearing plate, which has multiple anchor points and a pulley assembly connected to each anchor point; S2: Place the load-bearing plate underwater at the mooring point and move the construction vessel directly above the load-bearing plate; S3: Lay out the corresponding anchoring foundation along the extension direction of each anchoring point; S4: Lay multiple anchor chains on the seabed, with one end of each anchor chain connected to a pulley assembly and the other end of each anchor chain connected to the corresponding anchoring foundation; S5: Pull the tensioning wire rope of each pulley assembly to the construction vessel and connect it to one of the winches respectively; S6: Control multiple winches to simultaneously tighten multiple tensioning wire ropes, thereby simultaneously tensioning multiple anchor chains until the tension value of each anchor chain reaches the design requirements, thus completing the pre-tensioning of multiple anchor chains.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention provides an anchor chain pretensioning system, which involves fabricating a load-bearing plate with multiple anchoring points, connecting a pulley assembly at each anchoring point, and then laying corresponding anchoring foundations along the extension direction of each anchoring point. Multiple anchor chains are connected at both ends to the pulley assembly and the anchoring foundation, respectively. Multiple winches are installed on a construction vessel, and tensioning wire ropes connect the pulley assembly and the winches. The multiple winches are then controlled to tighten synchronously, achieving synchronous pretensioning of multiple anchor chains. Compared with the traditional method of tensioning a single anchor chain at a time, this system can simultaneously pretension multiple anchor cables, avoiding repetitive steps and significantly improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, tensioning multiple anchor chains at once via the construction vessel reduces the number of vessel position adjustments, lowering energy consumption and labor costs. Moreover, after multiple anchor chains are connected to the anchoring points, during pretensioning, the load-bearing plate is simultaneously subjected to the reaction tension of multiple anchor chains. Since the anchoring points are arranged circumferentially along the edge of the load-bearing plate, the multiple anchor chains... The anchoring points are located on the same circular path, and the included angle between two adjacent anchoring points is equal. This ensures that the anchor chains are evenly distributed circumferentially and radially along the edge of the load-bearing plate. During pretensioning, the reaction forces of multiple anchor chains act on the load-bearing plate, and the multiple reaction forces cancel each other out, achieving a balanced force on the load-bearing plate and avoiding local stress concentration or lateral displacement. This keeps the load-bearing plate stable during anchor chain pretensioning. Furthermore, the use of pulley assemblies amplifies the winch's pulling force to accommodate different pretensioning requirements. Additionally, as the construction vessel moves directly above the load-bearing plate, the load-bearing plate changes the direction of force on the construction vessel, causing the reaction force of the anchor chains to be downward. This allows the construction vessel to counteract the reaction force of the anchor chains through its own buoyancy, solving the force balance problem and making the construction vessel more stable during pretensioning, less prone to lateral movement or tilting.

[0015] 2. The present invention discloses a construction method for an anchor chain pretensioning system. A support plate is placed underwater at the mooring point, and the construction vessel is moved directly above the support plate. Then, corresponding anchor foundations are laid along the extension direction of each anchoring point. Multiple anchor chains are then laid on the seabed, with one end of each chain connected to a pulley assembly and the other end connected to the corresponding anchor foundation. The tensioning wire rope of each pulley assembly is then pulled onto the construction vessel and connected to a winch. Multiple winches are controlled to simultaneously tighten multiple tensioning wire ropes, achieving simultaneous tensioning of multiple anchor chains. This avoids the repetitive process of operating each chain individually, significantly improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, the multiple anchor chains are tensioned at once via the construction vessel, reducing the number of vessel position adjustments and lowering energy consumption and labor costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor cable arrangement in the anchor chain pretensioning system.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor chain pretensioning system.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the pulley assembly and the anchor cable.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a construction vessel.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the pulley assembly and the winch.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of a load-bearing plate.

[0022] Marked in the image: 1-Anchoring foundation, 2-Anchor chain, 3-Mooring point, 4-Supporting plate, 41-Circular plate, 42-Corner plate, 5-Pulley assembly, 51-Fixed pulley block, 52-Modible pulley block, 53-Tensioning wire rope 6-Guide pulley, 7-Construction vessel, 8-Winder, 10-Anchoring point, 100 - First circular path, 200 - Second circular path. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0025] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," and "coaxial" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, parallel, or coaxial. Slight tilt or deviation is permissible, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the relevant component. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be perfectly horizontal; a slight tilt is acceptable. "Coaxial" means that two components are set as coaxially as possible, allowing them to move coaxially or approximately coaxially when their relative positions change. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," or "coaxial" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the solution of the present invention.

[0026] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0027] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0028] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0029] Example 1 like Figures 1-6 As shown, this embodiment discloses an anchor chain pretensioning system, comprising: The load-bearing plate 4 has multiple anchor points 10 around its perimeter. The multiple anchor points 10 are located on the same circular path. The included angle between two adjacent anchor points 10 is equal, and a pulley assembly 5 is installed on each anchor point 10. Multiple anchoring foundations 1, with a corresponding anchoring foundation 1 arranged along the extension direction of each anchoring point 10, and the spacing between the anchoring point 10 and the corresponding anchoring foundation 1 is equal. Construction vessel 7 is located directly above load-bearing plate 4, and multiple winches 8 are installed on construction vessel 7; Multiple anchor chains 2, one end of each anchor chain 2 is connected to a pulley assembly 5, and the other end of each anchor chain 2 is connected to the corresponding anchoring foundation 1; The pulley assembly 5 includes a fixed pulley block 51, a movable pulley block 52, and a tension wire rope 53. The hook of the fixed pulley block 51 is connected to the anchor point 10, the hook of the movable pulley block 52 is connected to the anchor chain 2, and the tension wire rope 53 is wound around the movable pulley block 52 and the fixed pulley block 51, and the tensioning end of the tension wire rope 53 is connected to the winch 8.

[0030] In this implementation, a load-bearing plate 4 with multiple anchoring points 10 is made, and a pulley assembly 5 is connected at each anchoring point 10. Then, corresponding anchoring foundations 1 are laid along the extension direction of each anchoring point 10, so that the two ends of multiple anchor chains 2 are connected to the pulley assembly 5 and the anchoring foundation 1 respectively. Then, multiple winches 8 are set on the construction vessel 7, and the pulley assembly 5 and the winches 8 are connected by tensioning wire rope 53. Then, the multiple winches 8 are controlled to tighten synchronously, so as to realize the synchronous pre-tensioning of multiple anchor chains 2. Compared with the traditional single anchor chain 2 tensioning at one time, multiple anchor cables 2 can be pre-tensioned at the same time, avoiding the repetitive process of operating one by one, greatly improving construction efficiency. Moreover, multiple anchor chains 2 are tensioned at one time through the construction vessel 7, reducing the number of times the vessel position is adjusted, reducing energy consumption and labor costs. Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, multiple anchor chains 2 are connected to the load-bearing plate 4. During pre-tensioning, the load-bearing plate 4 is simultaneously subjected to the reaction tension of multiple anchor chains 2. Since the anchor points 10 are set circumferentially along the edge of the load-bearing plate 4, multiple anchor points 10 are located on the same circular path, and the included angle between two adjacent anchor points 10 is equal. This achieves uniform circumferential arrangement of anchor chains 2 on the edge of the load-bearing plate 4 and radial radial distribution. During the pre-tensioning process, the reaction tension of multiple anchor chains 2 acts on the load-bearing plate 4. Multiple reaction tensions cancel each other out, achieving force balance on the load-bearing plate 4, avoiding local stress concentration or lateral displacement of the load-bearing plate 4, and keeping the load-bearing plate 4 stable during the pre-tensioning process of anchor chains 2. Furthermore, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5As shown, the construction vessel 7 moves directly above the support plate 4. Multiple winches 8 are installed on the construction vessel 7, and the tensioning wire rope 53 of each pulley assembly 5 is pulled onto the construction vessel 7 and connected to a winch 8. During pre-tensioning, because the construction vessel 7 moves directly above the support plate 4, the support plate 4 changes the direction of force on the construction vessel 7, causing the construction vessel 7 to experience a downward reaction force from the anchor chain 2. This allows the construction vessel 7 to counteract the reaction force of the anchor chain 2 through its own buoyancy, solving the force balance problem and making the pre-tensioning of the construction vessel 7 more efficient. The anchor chain 2 is stable and not prone to lateral movement or tilting. In contrast, when the anchor chain 2 is tensioned directly through the construction vessel 7, the vessel 7 is subjected to a downward reaction force, which can easily cause it to capsize. This requires additional reverse high-holding force anchoring measures to maintain stability, which not only increases equipment costs but also increases operational complexity. In contrast, this embodiment uses the load-bearing plate 4 to change the direction of force on the construction vessel 7, so that it only bears a downward vertical force during the tensioning process. This force is directly offset by the buoyancy of the construction vessel 7 itself, and there is no need to set up additional reverse force anchoring facilities.

[0031] Furthermore, by adopting pulley assembly 5, the pulling force of winch 8 is increased to adapt to different pretensioning requirements. The ratio of pulley assembly 5 can be flexibly selected according to the pretensioning force to adapt to different anchor foundation types and mooring system specifications, and the applicable scope covers construction scenarios from shallow sea to deep sea.

[0032] In this embodiment, the included angle between two adjacent anchor points 10 refers to the included angle formed by connecting the two anchor points 10 with the center of the load-bearing plate 4.

[0033] In one or more implementations, such as Figure 6 As shown, the load-bearing plate 4 includes a circular plate body 41 and corner plates 42 disposed on the edge of the circular plate body 41. Multiple corner plates 42 are arranged at intervals along the edge of the circular plate body 41, and the intervals between adjacent corner plates 42 are equal. Each corner plate 42 has an anchor point 10.

[0034] Multiple corner plates 42 are arranged at intervals along the edge of the circular plate 41, with equal intervals between adjacent corner plates 42. That is, the corner plates 42 are arranged at equal intervals around the edge of the circular plate 41, and each corner plate 42 is provided with an anchor point 10 to ensure that each anchor point 10 is arranged at equal intervals around the center of the load-bearing plate 4. After the anchor chain 2 is connected to the anchor point 10, the tension direction of the multiple anchor chains 2 is evenly distributed around the center of the load-bearing plate 4, so as to avoid excessive local stress on the load-bearing plate 4 due to asymmetrical layout. Furthermore, during the tensioning of multiple anchor chains 2, the above-mentioned arrangement ensures that the load-bearing plate 4 is subjected to uniform force, preventing excessive force on one side of the load-bearing plate 4 from causing displacement, thereby improving the stability of the load-bearing plate 4 during synchronous tensioning.

[0035] In this implementation, such as Figure 6 As shown, multiple anchor points 10 are located on the first circular path 100, which is concentric with the circular plate 41. After the anchor chain 2 is connected to the pulley assembly 5, multiple anchor chains 2 are evenly arranged circumferentially and radially distributed on the edge of the load-bearing plate 4. Furthermore, the extension direction of each anchor point 10 refers to the radial direction of the multiple anchor points 10 concentric circles, that is, the radial direction of the first circular path 100.

[0036] Preferably, the anchor point 10 is an anchor hole set in the corner plate 42. The anchor hole has a simple structure and is easy to process. It can be stably connected to the pulley assembly 5 through connecting parts such as pins and hooks, ensuring reliable force transmission during tensioning and reducing the risk of failure at the connection.

[0037] In optional implementations, such as Figure 1 As shown, the distance between anchor point 10 and the corresponding anchor foundation 1 is equal.

[0038] The spacing between anchor point 10 and the corresponding anchor foundation 1 is equal, so that the length of each anchor chain 2 is equal, reducing uneven tension transmission loss caused by distance differences, ensuring that the actual force on each anchor chain 2 is more balanced during synchronous tensioning, and improving the consistency of pretensioning.

[0039] Furthermore, multiple anchoring foundations 1 are located on the same circular path.

[0040] The anchoring foundations 1 are distributed along the same circular path, so that each anchor chain 2 is arranged radially and symmetrically with the load-bearing plate 4 as the center, avoiding route intersections, further ensuring that the force direction of each anchor chain 2 is evenly distributed, and improving the overall stability of the mooring system.

[0041] In this implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, multiple anchoring foundations 1 are located on the second circular path 200, with the load-bearing plate 4 as the center.

[0042] In an optional implementation, a synchronization controller is also included, which is installed on the construction vessel 7 and is used to control the start and stop of all winches 8.

[0043] The synchronous controller enables unified start-stop control of multiple winches 8, ensuring that the tensioning speed of each anchor chain 2 is consistent and the tension increases synchronously, avoiding local over-tensioning or under-tensioning caused by asynchrony, and ensuring that the pre-tensioning accuracy meets the design requirements.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, a tension sensor is also included, which is mounted on the winch 8 and is used to measure the tension value of the anchor chain 2.

[0045] Real-time monitoring of the tension value of each anchor chain 2 allows operators to accurately control the tightening degree of the winch 8, ensuring that the tension of each anchor chain 2 strictly meets the design standards and avoids affecting the subsequent stability of the mooring system due to tension deviation.

[0046] In an optional implementation, the anchoring foundation 1 includes a suction anchor, a pile anchor, and a high holding power anchor.

[0047] In an optional implementation, the base is a concrete foundation.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, a guide pulley 6 is also provided on the construction vessel 7. The guide pulley 6 is located at the side of the construction vessel 7. Each winch 8 is equipped with a corresponding guide pulley 6. The tensioning wire rope 53 passes around the guide pulley 6 and is connected to the winch 8 to avoid friction between the tensioning wire rope 53 and the side of the vessel, which would cause wear, breakage, etc. of the tensioning wire rope 53.

[0049] Example 2 Based on Example 1, this example discloses an anchor chain pretensioning system, which also includes a base located at the bottom of the water, and a load-bearing plate 4 installed on the base.

[0050] The base is located at the bottom of the water to provide an installation benchmark for the load-bearing plate 4, so as to avoid horizontal displacement or vertical settlement of the load-bearing plate 4 due to stress during the tensioning process and ensure that the position of the load-bearing plate 4 remains unchanged. The base isolates the load-bearing plate 4 from the wear or erosion caused by bottom silt, sand and gravel, while reducing the impact of water flow and waves on the stability of the load-bearing plate 4.

[0051] In an optional implementation, the base is a concrete foundation.

[0052] Example 3 like Figures 1-6 As shown, based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, this embodiment discloses a construction method for an anchor chain pretensioning system. The anchor chain pretensioning system described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 includes the following steps: S1: Construct a load-bearing plate 4, which has multiple anchor points 10 and a pulley assembly 5 connected to each anchor point 10; S2: Place the load-bearing plate 4 underwater at mooring point 3, and move the construction vessel 7 directly above the load-bearing plate 4. Among them, mooring point 3 is a designated area, such as Figure 1 ; S3: Install the corresponding anchoring foundation 1 along the extension direction of each anchoring point 10; S4: Lay multiple anchor chains 2 on the seabed. One end of each anchor chain 2 is connected to a pulley assembly 5, and the other end of each anchor chain 2 is connected to the corresponding anchoring foundation 1. S5: Pull the tensioning wire rope 53 of each pulley assembly 5 to the construction vessel 7 and connect it to a winch 8 respectively; S6: Control multiple winches 8 to simultaneously tighten multiple tensioning wire ropes 53, thereby simultaneously tensioning multiple anchor chains 2 until the tension value of each anchor chain 2 reaches the design requirements, thus completing the pre-tensioning of multiple anchor chains 2.

[0053] The construction method of the anchor chain pretensioning system in this embodiment involves placing a support plate 4 underwater at mooring point 3 and moving the construction vessel 7 directly above the support plate 4. Then, anchor foundations 1 are laid along the extension direction of each anchoring point 10. Multiple anchor chains 2 are then laid on the seabed, with one end of each anchor chain 2 connected to a pulley assembly 5 and the other end connected to the corresponding anchor foundation 1. The tensioning wire rope 53 of each pulley assembly 5 is then pulled onto the construction vessel 7 and connected to a winch 8. Multiple winches 8 are controlled to simultaneously tighten multiple tensioning wire ropes 53, achieving simultaneous tensioning of multiple anchor chains 2. This avoids the repetitive process of operating one by one, greatly improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, multiple anchor chains 2 are tensioned at once by the construction vessel 7, reducing the number of vessel position adjustments and lowering energy consumption and labor costs.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, a base is pre-set on the seabed at mooring point 3, and the load-bearing plate 4 is fixed on the base.

[0055] In this implementation, mooring point 3 refers to the location of the floating platform of the mooring system in subsequent operations. After the multiple anchor chains 2 are pre-tensioned, the multiple anchor chains 2 are fixed to the floating platform, and the floating platform is moored by the multiple anchor chains 2.

[0056] Example 4 Based on Embodiment 3, this embodiment is a specific implementation method, wherein the bearing plate 4 has three corner plates 42 on its edge, the three corner plates 42 are arranged at equal intervals around the bearing plate 4, each corner plate 42 has an anchor hole, the included angle between two adjacent anchor holes is equal, the anchor hole is the anchoring point 10 of the present invention, and specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the load-bearing plate 4 and pulley assembly 5; The load-bearing plate 4 is lifted and lowered to the underwater mooring point 3 using the crane of the construction vessel 7. With the assistance of an underwater robot, the load-bearing plate 4 is fixed to the pre-set base on the seabed. The base is made of concrete blocks to prevent the load-bearing plate 4 and pulley assembly 5 from sinking into the silt. The fixed pulley group 51 of the 3 sets of pulley assemblies 5 is hooked and connected to the three anchor holes of the load-bearing plate 4.

[0057] Step 2: Lay out anchor foundation 1; Multiple anchor foundations 1 are arranged with the load-bearing plate 4 as the center, and the multiple anchor foundations 1 are located on the same circular path with the load-bearing plate 4 as the center. Step 3: Lay three anchor chains 2 underwater; Specifically, one end of each anchor chain 2 is securely connected to the pre-set anchor foundation 1, and the other end is pulled to the mooring point 3, ensuring that each anchor chain 2 is neither loose nor damaged.

[0058] Step 4: Connect anchor chain 2 to load-bearing plate 4; Pull the free end of anchor chain 2 out of the anchor chain cylinder and hook it to the movable pulley block 52 of pulley assembly 5. Lock it with a pin to ensure that the axis of pulley assembly 5 is consistent with the direction of anchor chain 2, so as to realize the linkage between anchor chain 2 and pulley assembly 5.

[0059] Step 5: Connect pulley assembly 5 to winch 8; The construction vessel 7 moves directly above the load-bearing plate 4 and guides the tension end of the pre-tensioned steel wire rope 53 onto the construction vessel 7, fixing it to the pre-installed winch 8 on the vessel to ensure that the pre-tensioned steel wire rope 53 is taut and free from jamming.

[0060] Step Six: Synchronous Tensioning Operation; Start the synchronous control device of the winch 8 to make the three winches 8 tighten the pre-tensioned steel wire rope 53 at the same speed; through the force transmission between the pre-tensioned steel wire rope 53 and the pulley assembly 5, the three anchor chains 2 are driven to bear the tension at the same time. The tension value of the anchor chains is monitored in real time until the design pre-tension is reached. After that, the design tension is maintained for the required time, and then the winches are slowly released to complete the pre-tensioning.

[0061] Step Seven: Equipment Dismantling and Acceptance; After pretensioning is completed, remove the pretensioning wire rope 53, pulley assembly 5 and load-bearing plate 4, and connect the free end of anchor chain 2 to the floating platform of the mooring system; Test the elongation of anchor chain 2 (which should meet the elastic deformation range required by the design) and the displacement of the anchor foundation (≤50mm). After acceptance, the construction is completed.

[0062] In an optional implementation, the selection and matching steps for the pulley assembly 5 are as follows: Based on the pretension required by the design (e.g., 300kN-1000kN), calculate and select the pulley assembly 5 with the corresponding ratio (e.g., when a pretension of 500kN is required, select a pulley assembly with a ratio of 3, and the winch 8 only needs to provide about 167kN of tension) to ensure that the rated load of the pulley assembly 5 matches the tensioning requirements.

[0063] In an optional implementation, the installation of the pre-tensioned wire rope 53 and the commissioning of the winch 8 include the following steps: Pre-tensioned steel wire ropes 53 are threaded on the fixed pulley block 51 and the movable pulley block 52 of the pulley assembly 5. The pre-tensioned steel wire ropes 53 are threaded in the order of "fixed pulley → movable pulley → adjacent fixed pulley → adjacent movable pulley" to ensure that the pre-tensioned steel wire ropes 53 are not twisted or overlapped. The tension end of the pre-tensioned steel wire rope 53 is wound around the winch 8 of the construction vessel 7. Each winch 8 is equipped with a tension sensor and connected to a synchronization control device. The speed and tension response speed of the winch 8 are adjusted to ensure that the synchronization error of the three devices is ≤0.1m / min.

[0064] In an optional implementation, the synchronous controller is activated, and the pretension force (e.g., 1500 kN) and holding time (30 minutes) are set. Three winches 8 are controlled to simultaneously tighten the pre-tensioned steel wire rope 53 at a speed of 0.8 m / min. The tension value of each anchor chain 2 is monitored in real time by a tension sensor. When the tension reaches 1500 kN, tightening is stopped and the load is maintained. During the holding period, observe whether the anchor chain 2 slips or the load-bearing plate 4 is displaced. After confirming that there are no abnormalities, slowly reduce the tension of the winch 8 to 0 to complete one pre-tensioning cycle (if multiple tensioning is required, repeat this step).

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchor chain pretensioning system, characterized in that, include: The load-bearing plate (4) has multiple anchor points (10) around its edge. The multiple anchor points (10) are located on the same circular path. The included angle between two adjacent anchor points (10) is equal, and a pulley assembly (5) is installed on each anchor point (10). Multiple anchoring foundations (1) are provided, with a corresponding anchoring foundation (1) arranged along the extension direction of each anchoring point (10), and the distance between the anchoring point (10) and the corresponding anchoring foundation (1) is equal; Construction vessel (7) is located directly above the load-bearing plate (4), and multiple winches (8) are installed on the construction vessel (7). Multiple anchor chains (2), one end of each anchor chain (2) is connected to one of the pulley assemblies (5), and the other end of each anchor chain (2) is connected to the corresponding anchoring foundation (1); The pulley assembly (5) includes a fixed pulley block (51), a movable pulley block (52), and a tension wire rope (53). The hook of the fixed pulley block (51) is connected to the anchor point (10), and the hook of the movable pulley block (52) is connected to the anchor chain (2). The tension wire rope (53) is wound around the movable pulley block (52) and the fixed pulley block (51), and the tensioning end of the tension wire rope (53) is connected to the winch (8).

2. The anchor chain pretensioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load-bearing plate (4) includes a circular plate (41) and corner plates (42) disposed on the edge of the circular plate (41). A plurality of corner plates (42) are arranged circumferentially along the edge of the circular plate (41), and the interval between adjacent corner plates (42) is equal. Each of the corner plates (42) has one of the anchor points (10).

3. The anchor chain pretensioning system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anchor point (10) is an anchor hole set on the corner plate (42).

4. The anchor chain pretensioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple anchoring foundations (1) are located on the same circular path.

5. The anchor chain pretensioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a synchronization controller, which is installed on the construction vessel (7) and is used to control the start and stop of all the winches (8).

6. The anchor chain pretensioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a tension sensor, which is installed on the winch (8) and is used to measure the tension value of the anchor chain (2).

7. The anchor chain pretensioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes guide pulleys (6) set at the edge of the construction vessel (7), each of the winches (8) is equipped with a corresponding guide pulley (6), and the tensioning wire rope (53) passes around the guide pulley (6) and is connected to the winch (8).

8. The anchor chain pretensioning system according to claim 1, wherein the anchoring foundation (1) includes a suction anchor.

9. An anchor chain pretensioning system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It also includes a base, which is located at the bottom of the water, and the load-bearing plate (4) is installed on the base.

10. A construction method for an anchor chain pretensioning system, characterized in that, An anchor chain pretensioning system based on any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1: The load-bearing plate (4) is made, and the load-bearing plate (4) is provided with a plurality of anchor points (10), and a pulley assembly (5) is connected at each anchor point (10). S2: Place the load-bearing plate (4) underwater at the mooring point (3) and move the construction vessel (7) directly above the load-bearing plate (4); S3: Install the corresponding anchoring foundation (1) along the extension direction of each anchoring point (10); S4: Lay multiple anchor chains (2) on the seabed, with one end of each anchor chain (2) connected to a pulley assembly (5) and the other end of each anchor chain (2) connected to the corresponding anchor foundation (1); S5: Pull the tension wire rope (53) of each pulley assembly (5) to the construction vessel (7) and connect it to one of the winches (8); S6: Control multiple winches (8) to simultaneously tighten multiple tensioning wire ropes (53) to achieve simultaneous tensioning of multiple anchor chains (2) until the tension value of each anchor chain (2) reaches the design requirements, and complete the pre-tensioning of multiple anchor chains (2).

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