Fastener lubricating liquid, preparation method thereof and fastener treatment method

Abstract

The invention provides a fastener lubricating fluid and a preparation method thereof, and a fastener processing method, the fastener lubricating fluid comprises the following components by mass: 55-65 parts of soluble water wax, 30-40 parts of a grinding fluid, and 4-6 parts of silica nanoparticles. The fastener lubricating liquid provided by the invention has the functions of lubrication and rust prevention, can effectively reduce the frictional resistance of a friction type anti-loosening fastener in the connection process, avoids the risk of seizure after a nut and a bolt are connected, and prolongs the service life of a metal part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fastener lubricants, and more specifically to a fastener lubricant and its preparation method and fastener processing method. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid economic development and product upgrades, the requirements for anti-loosening fasteners are becoming increasingly stringent across various industries. The anti-loosening performance of fasteners is receiving more and more attention, especially for friction-type anti-loosening fasteners, whose superior anti-loosening performance has earned widespread trust. However, friction-type anti-loosening fasteners also have a significant risk of the nut and bolt seizing up as friction increases, leading to a decline in their quality stability and reliability. Therefore, further improvement and development are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies and solve the aforementioned problems, a fastener lubricant and its preparation method, as well as a fastener treatment method, are proposed, along with the following technical solutions: A fastener lubricant, by weight, comprises the following components: 55-65 parts soluble water wax, 30-40 parts grinding fluid, and 4-6 parts silica nanospheres.

[0004] Furthermore, the diameter of the silica nanospheres is 180-220 nm.

[0005] Furthermore, alkyl chains are grafted onto the surface of the silica nanospheres.

[0006] Furthermore, the viscosity of the soluble water wax is 115-125 mPa·s.

[0007] Furthermore, the pH of soluble water-based waxes is 4-6.

[0008] Furthermore, the grinding fluid is a high-speed grinding fluid.

[0009] Furthermore, calculated by mass parts, it includes the following components: 60 parts soluble water wax, 35 parts grinding fluid, and 5 parts silica nanospheres.

[0010] A method for preparing a fastener lubricant involves adding soluble water-based wax to a grinding fluid, stirring and mixing at 50-80°C for 30-60 minutes to obtain a mixture, adding silica nanospheres to the mixture, and then ultrasonically dispersing the mixture at a power of 200-5000W for 15-30 minutes.

[0011] A fastener treatment method using a fastener lubricant involves immersing the fastener in the lubricant and then performing gradient centrifugation followed by drying. The gradient centrifugation specifically comprises: first, centrifuging at 300±50 RPM for 4-6 minutes at a temperature of 40-50℃; then, centrifuging at 1500±100 RPM for 25-35 seconds at a temperature of 20-30℃; and finally, centrifuging at 2500±100 RPM for 8-12 seconds at a temperature of 20-30℃.

[0012] Furthermore, the drying temperature is 60-90℃.

[0013] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The fastener lubricant provided by the present invention has both lubrication and rust prevention functions, which can effectively reduce the frictional resistance of friction-type anti-loosening fasteners during the connection process, avoid the risk of nuts and bolts seizing after connection, and extend the service life of metal parts. 2. There is a synergistic effect among the three components: soluble water-based wax, grinding fluid, and nanospheres. The lubricating film formed by the water-based wax provides a good adhesion base for the grinding fluid and nanospheres, enabling them to perform better. The cooling and cleaning effects of the grinding fluid maintain the integrity of the water-based wax lubricating film and promote the uniform dispersion of the nanospheres. The filling and repairing effects of the silica nanospheres further improve the quality of the water-based wax lubricating film, enhancing its lubrication and corrosion resistance. The three components work together to improve the lubrication and rust prevention functions of the fastener lubricant, significantly improving the quality stability and reliability of friction-type anti-loosening fasteners. 3. This lubricant contains dissolving components, which facilitates the cleaning of residues and improves the ease of use of fasteners. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, other similar embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should all fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0015] A fastener lubricant, by weight, comprises the following components: 55-65 parts soluble water-based wax, 30-40 parts grinding fluid, and 4-6 parts silica nanospheres. The water-based wax, grinding fluid, and nanospheres exhibit a synergistic effect. The lubricating film formed by the water-based wax provides a good adhesion base for the grinding fluid and nanospheres, enabling them to function better. The cooling and cleaning effects of the grinding fluid maintain the integrity of the water-based wax lubricating film and promote the uniform dispersion of the nanospheres. The filling and repairing effects of the silica nanospheres further improve the quality of the water-based wax lubricating film, enhancing its lubrication and corrosion resistance. These three components work together to improve the lubrication and rust prevention functions of the fastener lubricant, significantly improving the quality stability and reliability of friction-type anti-loosening fasteners. The silica nanospheres create a "micro-bearing effect" between the threaded contact surfaces of the fasteners, transforming sliding friction into rolling friction.

[0016] The grinding fluid can be a high-speed grinding fluid, model HL-210. This model of grinding fluid can be used in the following examples.

[0017] For soluble water-based waxes, the model LCB-838 can be selected.

[0018] Example 1 A fastener lubricant, by weight, comprises the following components: 60 parts soluble water wax, 35 parts grinding fluid, and 5 parts silica nanospheres.

[0019] The silica nanospheres have a diameter of 200 nm and are grafted with alkyl chains on their surface. The soluble water-based wax has a viscosity of 120 mPa·s. The grinding fluid is a high-speed grinding fluid.

[0020] The preparation method of the fastener lubricant is as follows: soluble water wax is added to the grinding fluid and stirred at 65°C for 45 minutes to obtain a mixture. Silica nanospheres are added to the mixture and ultrasonically dispersed at a power of 3000W for 20 minutes.

[0021] The fastener treatment method for this fastener lubricant is as follows: The fasteners are immersed in the fastener lubricant and subjected to gradient centrifugation, followed by drying. Specifically, the gradient centrifugation is performed as follows: first, centrifugation at 300 RPM for 5 minutes at 45°C; then, centrifugation at 1500 RPM for 30 seconds at 25°C; and finally, centrifugation at 2500 RPM for 10 seconds at 25°C. The drying temperature is 75°C.

[0022] Example 2 A fastener lubricant, by weight, comprises the following components: 55 parts soluble water wax, 40 parts grinding fluid, and 5 parts silica nanospheres.

[0023] The silica nanospheres have a diameter of 180 nm and are grafted with alkyl chains on their surface. The soluble water-based wax has a viscosity of 115 mPa·s. The grinding fluid is a high-speed grinding fluid.

[0024] The preparation method of the fastener lubricant is as follows: soluble water wax is added to the grinding fluid and stirred at 65°C for 45 minutes to obtain a mixture. Silica nanospheres are added to the mixture and ultrasonically dispersed at a power of 3000W for 20 minutes.

[0025] The fastener treatment method for this fastener lubricant is as follows: The fasteners are immersed in the fastener lubricant and subjected to gradient centrifugation, followed by drying. Specifically, the gradient centrifugation is performed as follows: first, centrifugation at 300 RPM for 5 minutes at 45°C; then, centrifugation at 1500 RPM for 30 seconds at 25°C; and finally, centrifugation at 2500 RPM for 10 seconds at 25°C. The drying temperature is 75°C.

[0026] Example 3 A fastener lubricant, by weight, comprises the following components: 65 parts soluble water wax, 30 parts grinding fluid, and 5 parts silica nanospheres.

[0027] The silica nanospheres have a diameter of 220 nm and are grafted with alkyl chains on their surface. The soluble water-based wax has a viscosity of 125 mPa·s. The grinding fluid is a high-speed grinding fluid.

[0028] The preparation method of the fastener lubricant is as follows: soluble water wax is added to the grinding fluid and stirred at 65°C for 45 minutes to obtain a mixture. Silica nanospheres are added to the mixture and ultrasonically dispersed at a power of 3000W for 20 minutes.

[0029] The fastener treatment method for this fastener lubricant is as follows: The fasteners are immersed in the fastener lubricant and subjected to gradient centrifugation, followed by drying. Specifically, the gradient centrifugation is performed as follows: first, centrifugation at 300 RPM for 5 minutes at 45°C; then, centrifugation at 1500 RPM for 30 seconds at 25°C; and finally, centrifugation at 2500 RPM for 10 seconds at 25°C. The drying temperature is 75°C.

[0030] Example 4 A fastener lubricant, by weight, comprises the following components: 58 parts soluble water wax, 38 parts grinding fluid, and 4 parts silica nanospheres.

[0031] The silica nanospheres have a diameter of 190 nm and are grafted with alkyl chains on their surface. The soluble water-based wax has a viscosity of 118 mPa·s. The grinding fluid is a high-speed grinding fluid.

[0032] The preparation method of the fastener lubricant is as follows: soluble water wax is added to the grinding fluid and stirred at 65°C for 45 minutes to obtain a mixture. Silica nanospheres are added to the mixture and ultrasonically dispersed at a power of 3000W for 20 minutes.

[0033] The fastener treatment method for this fastener lubricant is as follows: The fasteners are immersed in the fastener lubricant and subjected to gradient centrifugation, followed by drying. Specifically, the gradient centrifugation is performed as follows: first, centrifugation at 300 RPM for 5 minutes at 45°C; then, centrifugation at 1500 RPM for 30 seconds at 25°C; and finally, centrifugation at 2500 RPM for 10 seconds at 25°C. The drying temperature is 75°C.

[0034] Example 5 A fastener lubricant, by weight, comprises the following components: 62 parts soluble water wax, 32 parts grinding fluid, and 6 parts silica nanospheres.

[0035] The silica nanospheres have a diameter of 210 nm and are grafted with alkyl chains on their surface. The soluble water-based wax has a viscosity of 122 mPa·s. The grinding fluid is a high-speed grinding fluid.

[0036] The preparation method of the fastener lubricant is as follows: soluble water wax is added to the grinding fluid and stirred at 65°C for 45 minutes to obtain a mixture. Silica nanospheres are added to the mixture and ultrasonically dispersed at a power of 3000W for 20 minutes.

[0037] The fastener treatment method for this fastener lubricant is as follows: The fasteners are immersed in the fastener lubricant and subjected to gradient centrifugation, followed by drying. Specifically, the gradient centrifugation is performed as follows: first, centrifugation at 300 RPM for 5 minutes at 45°C; then, centrifugation at 1500 RPM for 30 seconds at 25°C; and finally, centrifugation at 2500 RPM for 10 seconds at 25°C. The drying temperature is 75°C.

[0038] Example 6 A fastener lubricant, by weight, comprises the following components: 60 parts soluble water wax, 35 parts grinding fluid, and 5 parts silica nanospheres.

[0039] The silica nanospheres have a diameter of 200 nm and are grafted with alkyl chains on their surface. The soluble water-based wax has a viscosity of 120 mPa·s. The grinding fluid is a high-speed grinding fluid.

[0040] A method for preparing a fastener lubricant involves adding soluble water-based wax to a grinding fluid, stirring and mixing at 50°C for 60 minutes to obtain a mixture, adding silica nanospheres to the mixture, and then ultrasonically dispersing the mixture at a power of 5000W for 15 minutes.

[0041] The fastener treatment method for this fastener lubricant is as follows: The fasteners are immersed in the fastener lubricant and subjected to gradient centrifugation, followed by drying. Specifically, the gradient centrifugation is performed as follows: first, centrifugation at 300 RPM for 5 minutes at 45°C; then, centrifugation at 1500 RPM for 30 seconds at 25°C; and finally, centrifugation at 2500 RPM for 10 seconds at 25°C. The drying temperature is 75°C.

[0042] Example 7 A fastener lubricant, by weight, comprises the following components: 60 parts soluble water wax, 35 parts grinding fluid, and 5 parts silica nanospheres.

[0043] The silica nanospheres have a diameter of 200 nm and are grafted with alkyl chains on their surface. The soluble water-based wax has a viscosity of 120 mPa·s. The grinding fluid is a high-speed grinding fluid.

[0044] A method for preparing a fastener lubricant involves adding soluble water-based wax to a grinding fluid, stirring and mixing at 80°C for 60 minutes to obtain a mixture, adding silica nanospheres to the mixture, and then ultrasonically dispersing the mixture at a power of 200W for 30 minutes.

[0045] The fastener treatment method for this fastener lubricant is as follows: The fasteners are immersed in the fastener lubricant and subjected to gradient centrifugation, followed by drying. Specifically, the gradient centrifugation is performed as follows: first, centrifugation at 300 RPM for 5 minutes at 45°C; then, centrifugation at 1500 RPM for 30 seconds at 25°C; and finally, centrifugation at 2500 RPM for 10 seconds at 25°C. The drying temperature is 75°C.

[0046] Example 8 A fastener lubricant, by weight, comprises the following components: 60 parts soluble water wax, 35 parts grinding fluid, and 5 parts silica nanospheres.

[0047] The silica nanospheres have a diameter of 200 nm and are grafted with alkyl chains on their surface. The soluble water-based wax has a viscosity of 120 mPa·s. The grinding fluid is a high-speed grinding fluid.

[0048] The preparation method of the fastener lubricant is as follows: soluble water wax is added to the grinding fluid and stirred at 65°C for 45 minutes to obtain a mixture. Silica nanospheres are added to the mixture and ultrasonically dispersed at a power of 3000W for 20 minutes.

[0049] The fastener treatment method for this fastener lubricant is as follows: The fastener is immersed in the fastener lubricant and subjected to gradient centrifugation, followed by drying. The gradient centrifugation specifically involves: first, centrifugation at 250 RPM for 6 minutes at 40°C; then, centrifugation at 1400 RPM for 35 seconds at 20°C; and finally, centrifugation at 2400 RPM for 12 seconds at 20°C. The drying temperature is 60°C.

[0050] Example 9 A fastener lubricant, by weight, comprises the following components: 60 parts soluble water wax, 35 parts grinding fluid, and 5 parts silica nanospheres.

[0051] The silica nanospheres have a diameter of 200 nm and are grafted with alkyl chains on their surface. The soluble water-based wax has a viscosity of 120 mPa·s. The grinding fluid is a high-speed grinding fluid.

[0052] The preparation method of the fastener lubricant is as follows: soluble water wax is added to the grinding fluid and stirred at 65°C for 45 minutes to obtain a mixture. Silica nanospheres are added to the mixture and ultrasonically dispersed at a power of 3000W for 20 minutes.

[0053] The fastener treatment method for this fastener lubricant is as follows: The fasteners are immersed in the fastener lubricant and subjected to gradient centrifugation, followed by drying. Specifically, the gradient centrifugation is performed as follows: first, centrifugation at 350 RPM for 4 minutes at 50°C; then, centrifugation at 1600 RPM for 25 seconds at 30°C; and finally, centrifugation at 2600 RPM for 8 seconds at 30°C. The drying temperature is 60°C.

[0054] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 1, no silica nanoparticles and high-speed grinding fluid were added, but the other steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 1, the ingredients are 30 parts of soluble water wax, 60 parts of grinding fluid, and 1 part of silica nanospheres, with other steps being the same as in Example 1.

[0056] Comparative Example 3 Compared to Example 1, the fastener lubricant was not prepared using ultrasound, but the other steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0057] Comparative Example 4 Compared with Example 1, in the fastener processing method, centrifugation was not performed, and the fastener was directly dried after soaking. Other steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0058] Comparative Example 5 Compared with Example 1, in the fastener processing method, centrifugation is performed, and the fastener is dried after centrifugation at 1000 RPM for 6 minutes. Other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0059] Examples 1 to 5 investigated the proportions and dosages of each component in the fastener lubricant; Examples 6 and 7 investigated the preparation process of the fastener lubricant; Examples 8 and 9 investigated fastener treatment methods. The friction coefficients of the fasteners treated with fastener lubricant in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were determined using a friction and wear testing machine in accordance with national standards. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Table 1. Results of friction coefficients of fasteners after fastener lubrication treatment. Fasteners treated with fastener lubricant in Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were immersed in a 5% sodium chloride solution, and their rusting was observed and the time when rust spots appeared was recorded. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0061] Table 2. Rusting results of fasteners after fastener lubrication treatment. As can be seen from the data in Tables 1 and 2, the fastener lubricant in this embodiment, through a reasonable ratio of soluble water wax, grinding fluid, and silica nanospheres, forms a lubricant with excellent lubrication performance. The soluble water wax serves as the base lubricant, providing basic lubrication; the grinding fluid enhances the fluidity and cooling performance of the lubricant; and the silica nanospheres act as micro-ball bearings in the lubricant, significantly reducing the coefficient of friction on the fastener surface. After application to fastener surface treatment, this lubricant can form a uniform and stable lubricating film on the fastener surface, effectively reducing frictional resistance during installation and use, extending the service life of the fastener, and improving installation efficiency.

[0062] Secondly, the preparation process of the fastener lubricant was explored. Soluble water-based wax was added to the grinding fluid. This step required controlling the temperature and speed of addition, and maintaining slow stirring during the process to ensure the soluble water-based wax was evenly dispersed in the grinding fluid. After all the soluble water-based wax had been added, the temperature of the mixture was raised to a level that allowed the soluble water-based wax to fully dissolve and form a stable emulsion with the grinding fluid. Stirring was continued at this temperature to ensure thorough mixing of the two components, forming a homogeneous mixture. A constant stirring speed should be maintained during the stirring process to avoid excessive air bubbles due to excessive stirring or insufficient mixing due to excessive stirring. After the mixture was formed, silica nanospheres were slowly added to the mixture and initially stirred to disperse them. Because nanospheres are prone to agglomeration, mechanical stirring alone is insufficient to achieve ideal dispersion; therefore, ultrasonic dispersion technology was used. The mixture was placed in an ultrasonic dispersion device for ultrasonic treatment. Ultrasonic waves can effectively break up the agglomeration between nanospheres, allowing them to be evenly dispersed in the lubricant. During ultrasonic dispersion, the temperature of the container should be carefully controlled to avoid the ultrasonic waves causing the mixture temperature to become too high, which would affect product quality. After ultrasonic treatment, the lubricant is allowed to cool to room temperature and then filtered to remove any impurities, thus obtaining the finished fastener lubricant. The fastener lubricant prepared using this method exhibits good stability and uniformity. The silica nanospheres remain suspended in the lubricant for extended periods without settling, ensuring the lubricant's long-term performance.

[0063] Finally, the process flow for treating fasteners using fastener lubricant was explored. The fasteners to be treated are first cleaned to remove oil, rust, and other impurities, ensuring the lubricant adheres evenly to the fastener surface. Cleaning methods can include solvent cleaning, alkaline cleaning, or ultrasonic cleaning, the specific choice depending on the fastener material and degree of contamination.

[0064] After soaking, the fasteners and lubricant are placed in a centrifuge for gradient centrifugation. Gradient centrifugation is a key step in this process, achieving uniform distribution of lubricant on the fastener surface through three centrifugation stages with different speeds and temperatures.

[0065] The first stage of centrifugation uses a low speed. The main purpose of this stage is to allow the lubricant to initially adhere to the fastener surface, forming a basic lubricating layer. The lower speed prevents the lubricant from being excessively ejected, while the higher temperature facilitates the flow and penetration of the lubricant.

[0066] The second stage of centrifugation increases the rotation speed. The purpose of this stage is to remove excess lubricant from the surface of the fasteners, making the lubricating film thickness more uniform. The increased rotation speed effectively removes excess lubricant, while the decreased temperature increases the viscosity of the lubricant, which helps to form a stable lubricating film.

[0067] The third stage of centrifugation further increases the rotation speed. The purpose of this stage is to further refine the thickness and uniformity of the lubricating film, ensuring consistent lubrication across all parts of the fastener. High-speed, short-duration centrifugation removes the remaining excess lubricant without damaging the existing lubricating film.

[0068] After gradient centrifugation, the fasteners are removed and placed in an oven for drying. During the drying process, the volatile components in the lubricant gradually evaporate, leaving behind soluble wax and silica nanospheres that form a stable lubricating film. The drying time varies depending on the size and material of the fasteners.

[0069] After drying, the fasteners are cooled to room temperature and then inspected for quality. The inspection includes checking the uniformity and adhesion of the lubricating film, as well as the torque performance of the fasteners. Qualified fasteners can be directly packaged and stored or proceed to the next process.

[0070] This treatment method creates a lubricating film on the fastener surface that has excellent friction-reducing properties and durability. It can significantly reduce the frictional resistance of fasteners during installation and use, extend their service life, and improve installation efficiency.

[0071] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A fastener lubricant, characterized in that, The composition, calculated by weight, includes the following components: 55-65 parts soluble water wax, 30-40 parts grinding fluid, and 4-6 parts silica nanospheres.

2. The fastener lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the silica nanospheres is 180-220 nm.

3. The fastener lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that, Alkyl chains are grafted onto the surface of the silica nanospheres.

4. The fastener lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The viscosity of the soluble water wax is 115-125 mPa·s.

5. A fastener lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pH of soluble water-based waxes is 4-6.

6. The fastener lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding fluid is a high-speed grinding fluid.

7. The fastener lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composition, calculated by weight, includes the following components: 60 parts soluble water-based wax, 35 parts grinding fluid, and 5 parts silica nanospheres.

8. A method for preparing a fastener lubricant according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Add soluble water-based wax to the grinding fluid and stir and mix at 50-80℃ for 30-60 minutes to obtain a mixture. Add silica nanospheres to the mixture and disperse them ultrasonically at a power of 200-5000W for 15-30 minutes.

9. A fastener treatment method using the fastener lubricant according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The fasteners are immersed in fastener lubricant and then subjected to gradient centrifugation. After gradient centrifugation, they are dried. The gradient centrifugation is specifically performed as follows: first, centrifugation is carried out at 300±50 RPM for 4-6 minutes at a temperature of 40-50℃; then, centrifugation is carried out at 1500±100 RPM for 25-35 seconds at a temperature of 20-30℃; and finally, centrifugation is carried out at 2500±100 RPM for 8-12 seconds at a temperature of 20-30℃.

10. A fastener processing method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The drying temperature is 60-90℃.

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