Novel grouting anchor rod for bolt-grouting support of cement-rich rock roadway

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mine roadway support, and discloses a novel grouting anchor rod for bolting-grouting support of a cement-rich rock roadway, which comprises a drainage pipe, the drainage pipe is used as a drainage channel, a plurality of drainage holes and slurry discharge holes are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the drainage pipe, the drainage holes and the slurry discharge holes are arranged at intervals, and one-way valves and grouting pipes are mounted on the drainage holes. The grouting pipe serves as a grouting channel and is inserted into the drainage pipe, a plurality of grout outlet holes are evenly distributed in the outer wall of the grouting pipe, non-return mechanisms are arranged on the grout outlet holes, the grout outlet holes correspond to the grout discharging holes in sequence, a plurality of limiting grooves are formed in the inner wall of the drainage pipe, and the outer wall of the grouting pipe is fixedly connected with a plurality of limiting plates and flow guide blocks which are matched with the limiting grooves. The side wall of the diversion block is fixedly connected to one side of the drainage pipe, and the outer wall of the diversion block is provided with a diversion groove to further promote uniform distribution of slurry. The grouting anchor rod is reasonable in structural design, easy to manufacture and install, easy and convenient to operate and capable of effectively improving the construction efficiency and reducing the engineering cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine roadway support technology, specifically a novel grouting anchor bolt for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways. Background Technology

[0002] In mining operations, the stability of roadways is crucial for safe production, especially in cement-rich rock roadways. These roadways are primarily composed of clay, which significantly reduces their mechanical properties and load-bearing capacity when exposed to water. Due to the presence of water, the surrounding rock undergoes mudification under the influence of groundwater, leading to large nonlinear deformations. This makes the roadway prone to deformation and collapse, and can easily trigger rock softening and landslides. Therefore, how to effectively support cement-rich rock roadways is an urgent problem to be solved. Currently, commonly used support methods include anchor bolt support and grouting reinforcement. However, existing anchor bolt grouting technology is not ideal in water-rich environments. In water-rich environments, traditional anchor bolts are easily eroded by water, leading to rust and corrosion, which further weakens the anchoring force and support effect.

[0003] A search revealed that Chinese invention patent CN113107561A discloses a self-drilling grouting anchor bolt with a grout stop plug suitable for soft rock formations. The anchor bolt includes a grouting anchor body, a drill bit installed at the top of the anchor body, and an expanding rubber grout stop pipe installed at the tail of the anchor body. The anchor body has an internal grouting cavity, and the grouting pipe is connected inside the cavity. An external grout stop mechanism is installed at the end of the anchor body away from the drill bit, and a support mechanism is installed on one side of the external grout stop mechanism. The anchor bolt is drilled into the rock formation using the anchor body and drill bit. Then, with the expansion rubber grout stop pipe and grouting cavity, the anchor bolt can be directly sealed and grouted without pulling it out. This avoids the problem of the grouting pipe being difficult to lower due to subsequent collapse within the borehole. The external grout stop mechanism and support mechanism work together to effectively seal the borehole when the surrounding rock is highly fractured and has many cracks, ensuring high grouting pressure and guaranteeing the anchoring effect.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned device still has certain shortcomings. In water-rich environments, the grouting material is easily washed away by water, which makes it impossible for the grout to fill the rock mass gaps evenly, affecting the support effect. At the same time, due to the uneven diffusion of the grout and the erosion effect of water, the anchor bolts cannot form a strong bond with the rock mass, resulting in insufficient anchoring force. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a novel grouting anchor for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways, addressing the technical problems mentioned in the background art, such as the grouting material being easily washed away by water in water-rich environments, affecting the support effect, and the anchor failing to form a strong bond with the rock mass due to uneven grout diffusion and water erosion, resulting in insufficient anchoring force.

[0006] This invention provides a novel grouting anchor for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways, comprising a drainage pipe, which serves as a drainage channel. Multiple drainage holes and grout discharge holes are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the drainage pipe, and the drainage holes and grout discharge holes are spaced apart. A one-way valve is installed on the drainage hole.

[0007] Grouting pipe, which serves as a grouting channel, is inserted into the drainage pipe. Multiple grout outlet holes are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the grouting pipe. Check valves are installed on the grout outlet holes, and the grout outlet holes correspond to the grout discharge holes in sequence.

[0008] Multiple limiting grooves are opened on the inner wall of the drainage pipe, and multiple limiting plates matching the limiting grooves are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the grouting pipe. By inserting the limiting plates into the limiting grooves, the concentric position of the drainage pipe and the grouting pipe is fixed.

[0009] The guide block is fixedly connected to one side of the drain pipe, and the outer wall of the guide block is provided with a guide groove to further promote the uniform distribution of slurry.

[0010] Preferably, both the drainage pipe and the grouting pipe are made of corrosion-resistant materials and coated with a waterproof coating, which is epoxy resin with a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm.

[0011] Preferably, both the drainage pipe and the grouting pipe are made of high-strength steel, and their lengths are determined according to the specific requirements of the tunnel.

[0012] Preferably, the inner diameter of the grouting pipe is about 30 to 50 mm, the diameter of the grout outlet and the grout discharge hole is 15 to 25 mm and the spacing is 10 to 20 cm, and the diameter of the drainage hole is about 20 to 30 mm and the spacing is 5 to 10 cm.

[0013] Preferably, a grout stopper is movably inserted into the other side of the drain pipe, and a pull ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the grout stopper.

[0014] Preferably, a sealing mechanism is provided on the outside of the drain pipe. The sealing mechanism includes a sealing gasket and a sealing plug. The sealing gasket is set as an annular structure, and the inner diameter of the sealing gasket matches the outer diameter of the drain pipe. The outer diameter is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the grouting equipment interface to ensure a tight fit.

[0015] Preferably, the sidewall of the sealing plug is fixedly connected to the sealing gasket, the sealing plug is configured as a frustum-shaped structure, and the diameter of the sealing plug matches the inner diameter of the grouting port.

[0016] Preferably, a forged block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the grouting pipe. Both the forged block and the guide block are set as conical structures, and the outer wall of the guide block is provided with multiple water outlet holes.

[0017] Preferably, the check valve mechanism includes a grout pipe, the side wall of which is fixedly connected to the grout outlet hole and abuts against the inner wall of the grout discharge hole. A valve pipe is fixedly connected to the top wall of the grout pipe, and a sealing ball is placed inside the grout pipe. The diameter of the sealing ball is larger than the diameter of the grout outlet hole.

[0018] Preferably, the inner diameter of the grouting pipe gradually decreases from the grouting pipe towards the drainage pipe, and a protrusion is provided on the bottom wall of the grouting pipe to block the position of the sealing ball. The inner diameter of the valve pipe is larger as it gets closer to the grouting pipe, and the sealing ball is a hollow steel ball structure with an outer elastic rubber coating.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. This invention employs a combination of drainage pipes, guide blocks, and grouting pipes. The drainage pipes drain water from the rock mass, while the grouting pipes inject the prepared grout evenly into the rock fissures. The drainage and grouting effects, as well as the fixing status of the drainage pipes, are checked to ensure their firmness and reliability, guaranteeing effective support for the tunnel. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies in water-rich environments, where grouting materials are easily washed away by water, preventing the grout from evenly filling the rock fissures and affecting the support effect. The drainage pipes in this design have evenly distributed drainage holes and are equipped with one-way valves to ensure that water can only drain and not flow back, effectively solving the drainage problem in water-rich environments and preventing water from interfering with the grouting process. The grouting pipes have evenly distributed grout outlets and are equipped with a check valve to ensure that the grout is evenly injected into the rock fissures during the grouting process, preventing grout backflow and thus improving the grouting effect and anchoring force. This novel grouting anchor structure is rationally designed, easy to manufacture and install, and simple to operate, effectively improving construction efficiency and reducing project costs.

[0021] 2. Both the drainage pipe and the grouting pipe are made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials and coated with a waterproof layer, effectively preventing water erosion and significantly improving their durability and service life in water-rich environments. Both pipes are constructed from high-strength steel, enhancing their tensile and yield strength, enabling them to withstand greater loads. The use of sealing gaskets and plugs further strengthens the borehole seal and makes the drainage pipe placement more stable. The conical guide block design facilitates centering of the drainage pipe within the borehole, reducing eccentricity and ensuring alignment between the drainage pipe and the borehole axis, thereby improving anchoring force.

[0022] 3. This invention employs a combination of a slurry pipe, a valve pipe, and a sealing ball to automatically open and close the check mechanism based on slurry pressure, preventing slurry backflow and protecting the pipeline. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies, requires no external power, and achieves automatic control by relying on fluid kinetic energy, reducing manual intervention. Made of materials such as steel and rubber, it is suitable for corrosive media environments. The check mechanism has a compact overall structure, occupies little space, and is suitable for installation environments with limited space. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the drainage pipe and grouting pipe of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drainage pipe of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grouting pipe of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the guide block of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal side view of the drainage pipe and grouting pipe of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing ball's state when grout is injected into the grouting pipe according to the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 100, drain pipe; 101, drain hole; 102, slurry discharge hole; 103, limiting groove;

[0032] 200. Flow guide block; 201. Flow guide channel; 202. Water outlet;

[0033] 300. Grouting pipe; 301. Grout outlet; 302. Forged block; 303. Limiting plate;

[0034] 400. Sealing mechanism; 401. Sealing gasket; 402. Sealing plug;

[0035] 500. Grout stopper;

[0036] 600, Check valve; 610, Grout pipe; 620, Valve pipe; 630, Sealing ball. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] This invention discloses a novel grouting anchor bolt for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways, such as... Figure 1-8 As shown, it includes a drain pipe 100, which serves as a drainage channel. Multiple drain holes 101 and slurry discharge holes 102 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the drain pipe 100, and the drain holes 101 and slurry discharge holes 102 are spaced apart. A one-way valve is installed on the drain hole 101. Furthermore, the one-way valve is mainly composed of a valve body, a valve core, a spring, and other components. When the fluid flows in the forward direction, the hydraulic pressure overcomes the spring force to open the valve core. When the fluid flows in the reverse direction, the spring force and the fluid pressure cause the valve core to close, cutting off the flow.

[0039] It should be noted that the grouting pipe 300 serves as a grouting channel and is inserted into the drainage pipe 100. Multiple grout outlet holes 301 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the grouting pipe 300. A check mechanism 600 is provided on the grout outlet hole 301, and the grout outlet hole 301 corresponds to the grout discharge hole 102 in sequence.

[0040] It should be noted that multiple limiting grooves 103 are opened on the inner wall of the drainage pipe 100, and multiple limiting plates 303 matching the limiting grooves 103 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the grouting pipe 300. By inserting the limiting plates (303) into the limiting grooves (103), the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300 are fixed in a concentric position. Furthermore, the concentric fixing of the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300 can better ensure that the axes of the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300 are aligned, so that the two are subjected to uniform force, enhance the anchoring force, and prevent the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300 from shifting or twisting during installation or under stress, thereby reducing the risk of damage, effectively transferring the load, improving the stability of the overall structure, and improving the construction quality and efficiency.

[0041] In addition, the guide block 200 is fixedly connected to one side of the drainage pipe 100. The outer wall of the guide block 200 is provided with a guide groove 201 to further promote the uniform distribution of slurry. Furthermore, the conical guide block 200 makes it easier for the drainage pipe 100 to be aligned in the borehole, reducing eccentricity and ensuring that the drainage pipe 100 is consistent with the borehole axis, thereby improving the anchoring force. The conical design can disperse the stress at the contact point between the drainage pipe 100 and the surrounding rock, reduce local stress concentration, and prevent damage to the drainage pipe 100 and the surrounding rock. The guide block 200 can effectively transfer the load, making the drainage pipe 100 tightly bonded to the surrounding rock and improving the stability of the overall structure.

[0042] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: 1. When using the new type of grouting anchor bolt for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways, first prepare drilling equipment, grouting equipment and drainage equipment, and check their working status;

[0043] 2. Determine the installation position of the anchor bolts according to the support design drawings, and drill holes with a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the drainage pipe by 100 mm and a depth that meets the design requirements;

[0044] 3. Insert the rod into the hole and fix it temporarily, connect the drainage equipment, and drain the water in the rock mass through the drainage hole 101 opened on the drainage pipe 100 to ensure that the drainage valve works normally;

[0045] 4. Connect the grouting equipment, and send the assembled drainage pipe 100, grouting pipe 300 and anchoring agent into the bottom of the borehole. Inject the prepared grout evenly into the rock fissures through the grout outlet 301 in the grouting pipe 300. When the grouting pressure exceeds the water pressure, the check valve 600 set outside the grout outlet 301 is opened to complete the grouting work. Control the grouting pressure and flow rate to ensure that the grout is evenly distributed.

[0046] 5. After the grouting and drainage operations are completed, finally check the drainage and grouting effects and the 100% fixation status of the drainage pipe to ensure that it is firm and reliable.

[0047] This invention employs a combination of a drainage pipe 100, a guide block 200, and a grouting pipe 300. The drainage pipe 100 drains water from the rock mass, while the grouting pipe 300 evenly injects prepared grout into the rock fissures. The drainage and grouting effects, as well as the fixation of the drainage pipe 100, are checked to ensure their firmness and reliability, thus guaranteeing effective support for the tunnel. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies in water-rich environments, where grouting materials are easily washed away by water, preventing the grout from evenly filling the rock fissures and affecting the support effect. This design... The drainage pipe 100 has evenly distributed drainage holes 101 and is equipped with a one-way valve to ensure that water can only be discharged and not flow back, effectively solving the drainage problem in water-rich environments and preventing water from interfering with the grouting process. The grouting pipe 300 has evenly distributed grout outlet holes 301 and is equipped with a check valve 600 to ensure that the grout is evenly injected into the rock fissures during the grouting process, avoiding grout backflow, thereby improving the grouting effect and anchoring force. This new type of grouting anchor has a reasonable structural design, is easy to manufacture and install, and is easy to operate, which can effectively improve construction efficiency and reduce project costs.

[0048] like Figure 1-5 As shown, in a specific embodiment: both the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300 are made of corrosion-resistant materials and coated with a waterproof coating. The waterproof coating is epoxy resin with a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm. Both the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300 are made of high-strength corrosion-resistant materials and coated with a waterproof coating, which effectively prevents water erosion and significantly improves the durability and service life of the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300 in water-rich environments.

[0049] It should be noted that both the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300 are made of high-strength steel, and their lengths are determined according to the specific requirements of the tunnel. This further enhances the tensile strength and yield strength of the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300, enabling them to withstand greater loads. High strength means that the amount of material used can be reduced under the same conditions, thus lowering costs. In addition, the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300 have good corrosion resistance and wear resistance, effectively extending their service life and reducing maintenance needs.

[0050] It should be noted that the internal diameter of the grouting pipe 300 is approximately 30 to 50 mm, the diameter of the grout outlet 301 and the grout discharge hole 102 is 15 to 25 mm and the spacing is 10 to 20 cm, and the diameter of the drainage hole 101 is approximately 20 to 30 mm and the spacing is 5 to 10 cm.

[0051] In addition, a grout stop plug 500 is movably inserted into the other side of the drainage pipe 100. A pull ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the grout stop plug 500. The grout stop plug 500 facilitates the sealing of the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300. After grouting and drainage are completed, the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300 are sealed to ensure that they are firm and reliable. The pull ring facilitates the quick installation and removal of the grout stop plug 500, which is more user-friendly. In order to save costs, the pull ring can also be omitted without affecting the overall use of the grout stop plug 500.

[0052] Specifically, a sealing mechanism 400 is fitted onto the outside of the drain pipe 100. The sealing mechanism 400 includes a sealing washer 401 and a sealing plug 402. The sealing washer 401 is annular, and its inner diameter matches the outer diameter of the drain pipe 100. The outer diameter is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the grouting equipment interface to ensure a tight fit. In use, the sealing washer 401 is fitted onto the drain pipe 100, the locking nut is tightened, and a preload is applied.

[0053] It should be noted that the side wall of the sealing plug 402 is fixedly connected to the sealing gasket 401. The sealing plug 402 is set as a frustum-shaped structure. The diameter of the sealing plug 402 matches the inner diameter of the grouting port. The sealing gasket 401 and the sealing plug 402 work together to make the borehole sealing stronger and further make the placement of the drainage pipe 100 more stable.

[0054] It should be noted that a forged block 302 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the grouting pipe 300. Both the forged block 302 and the guide block 200 are set as conical structures. The outer wall of the guide block 200 has multiple water outlet holes 202. The forged block 302 is set to better fix the position of the grouting pipe 300 and the drainage pipe 100. The water outlet holes 202 are to further improve the drainage effect. The conical guide block 200 can make the drainage pipe 100 easier to center in the borehole, reduce eccentricity, and ensure that the drainage pipe 100 is consistent with the borehole axis, thereby improving the anchoring force.

[0055] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: During use, both the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300 are made of high-strength corrosion-resistant materials and coated with a waterproof coating, which effectively prevents water erosion and significantly improves the durability and service life of the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300 in water-rich environments. Both the drainage pipe 100 and the grouting pipe 300 are made of high-strength steel, which enhances their tensile strength and yield strength, enabling them to withstand greater loads. The sealing gasket 401 and the sealing plug 402 work together to make the borehole sealing stronger and further make the placement of the drainage pipe 100 more stable. The conical guide block 200 makes it easier for the drainage pipe 100 to be aligned in the borehole, reducing eccentricity and ensuring that the drainage pipe 100 is consistent with the borehole axis, thereby improving the anchoring force.

[0056] like Figure 6-8 As shown, in a specific embodiment: the check valve mechanism 600 includes a slurry pipe 610, the side wall of the slurry pipe 610 is fixedly connected to the slurry outlet hole 301, and the side wall of the slurry pipe 610 abuts against the inner wall of the slurry discharge hole 102. A valve pipe 620 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the slurry pipe 610. A sealing ball 630 is placed inside the slurry pipe 610, and the diameter of the sealing ball 630 is larger than the diameter of the slurry outlet hole 301.

[0057] It should be noted that the inner diameter of the grouting pipe 610 gradually decreases from the grouting pipe 300 towards the drainage pipe 100. A protrusion is provided on the inner bottom wall of the grouting pipe 610 to obstruct the position of the sealing ball 630. This protrusion is to further limit the position of the sealing ball 630, making its placement more stable. The inner diameter of the valve pipe 620 is larger closer to the grouting pipe 610. Both the valve pipe 620 and the grouting pipe 610 have larger inner diameters closer to the sealing ball 630 and smaller inner diameters further away from it. This ensures that the sealing ball 630 remains within these two pipes and does not slip out, resulting in a more stable placement. The sealing ball 630 is a hollow steel ball structure with an outer elastic rubber coating. By wrapping the outer wall of the sealing ball 630 with elastic rubber, the impact of the sealing ball 630 on the valve pipe 620 and the grouting pipe 610 during use is effectively reduced, decreasing both impact and noise, thus enhancing its practicality.

[0058] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: During use, when grouting is injected into the grouting pipe 300, and the grouting pressure is greater than the external water pressure, the grout flows into the grouting pipe 610 through the grout outlet 301, lifting the sealing ball 630 so that the sealing ball 630 enters the valve pipe 620. The grout then flows smoothly through the grouting pipe 610 and finally out of the grouting hole 102, and is evenly injected into the rock mass fissures. The grouting effect is better, the structure is simpler and easier to clean, the sealing effect is better, and the practicality is stronger.

[0059] This invention employs a combination of a slurry pipe 610, a valve pipe 620, and a sealing ball 630 to automatically open and close a check valve mechanism 600 based on slurry pressure, preventing slurry backflow and protecting the pipeline. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies, requires no external power, and achieves automatic control through fluid kinetic energy, reducing manual intervention. Made of materials such as steel and rubber, it is suitable for corrosive media environments. The check valve mechanism 600 has a compact overall structure, occupies little space, and is suitable for space-constrained installation environments.

[0060] The contents not described in detail in this description are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel grouting anchor bolt for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways, characterized in that, Includes a drain pipe (100), which serves as a drainage channel. The outer wall of the drain pipe (100) is evenly distributed with a plurality of drain holes (101) and slurry discharge holes (102), and the drain holes (101) and slurry discharge holes (102) are spaced apart. A one-way valve is installed on the drain hole (101). Grouting pipe (300), the grouting pipe (300) serves as a grouting channel, the grouting pipe (300) is inserted into the drain pipe (100), the outer wall of the grouting pipe (300) is evenly distributed with multiple grout outlet holes (301), the grout outlet holes (301) are provided with a check mechanism (600), and the grout outlet holes (301) correspond to the grout discharge holes (102) in sequence; Multiple limiting grooves (103) are opened on the inner wall of the drainage pipe (100), and multiple limiting plates (303) matching the limiting grooves (103) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the grouting pipe (300). By inserting the limiting plates (303) into the limiting grooves (103), the concentric positions of the drainage pipe (100) and the grouting pipe (300) are fixed. A flow guide block (200) is fixedly connected to one side of a drain pipe (100) with its sidewall fixedly connected. The outer wall of the flow guide block (200) is provided with a flow guide groove (201).

2. A novel grouting anchor bolt for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the drainage pipe (100) and the grouting pipe (300) are made of corrosion-resistant materials and coated with a waterproof coating, which is epoxy resin with a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm.

3. A novel grouting anchor bolt for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the drainage pipe (100) and the grouting pipe (300) are made of high-strength steel, and their lengths are determined according to the specific requirements of the roadway.

4. A novel grouting anchor bolt for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting pipe (300) has an internal diameter of about 30 to 50 mm. The grout outlet (301) and grout discharge hole (102) have a diameter of 15 to 25 mm and a spacing of 10 to 20 cm. The drainage hole (101) has a diameter of about 20 to 30 mm and a spacing of 5 to 10 cm.

5. A novel grouting anchor bolt for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grout stopper (500) is movably inserted into the other side of the drain pipe (100), and a pull ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the grout stopper (500).

6. A novel grouting anchor bolt for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drain pipe (100) is fitted with a sealing mechanism (400). The sealing mechanism (400) includes a sealing gasket (401) and a sealing plug (402). The sealing gasket (401) is configured as an annular structure, and the inner diameter of the sealing gasket (401) matches the outer diameter of the drain pipe (100). The outer diameter is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the grouting equipment interface to ensure a tight fit.

7. A novel grouting anchor bolt for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sealing plug (402) is fixedly connected to the sealing gasket (401) on its side wall. The sealing plug (402) is configured as a frustum-shaped structure. The diameter of the sealing plug (402) matches the inner diameter of the grouting port.

8. A novel grouting anchor bolt for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the grouting pipe (300) is fixedly connected to a forging block (302). Both the forging block (302) and the guide block (200) are set as conical structures. The outer wall of the guide block (200) is provided with multiple water outlet holes (202).

9. A novel grouting anchor bolt for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The check valve mechanism (600) includes a slurry pipe (610), the side wall of which is fixedly connected to the slurry outlet hole (301), and the side wall of which abuts against the inner wall of the slurry discharge hole (102). A valve pipe (620) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the slurry pipe (610), and a sealing ball (630) is placed inside the slurry pipe (610). The diameter of the sealing ball (630) is larger than the diameter of the slurry outlet hole (301).

10. A novel grouting anchor bolt for anchoring support in cement-rich rock roadways according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the grouting pipe (610) gradually decreases from the grouting pipe (300) toward the drain pipe (100). A protrusion is provided on the bottom wall of the grouting pipe (610) to block the position of the sealing ball (630). The inner diameter of the valve pipe (620) is larger as it gets closer to the grouting pipe (610). The sealing ball (630) is a hollow steel ball structure with an outer elastic rubber coating.

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