Shaft system structure of wind driven generator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation equipment, and discloses a wind driven generator shaft system structure which comprises a main shaft, one end of the main shaft is fixedly provided with a connecting end, and the other end of the main shaft is fixedly provided with an elastic linkage mechanism; the supporting bearing mechanism is installed at the connecting position of the side wall of the main shaft, and the supporting bearing mechanism is provided with two monitoring regulation and control mechanisms; according to the elastic linkage mechanism, through the design of an air pressure rod, when the impeller is impacted by wind power, part of impact energy is absorbed through a buffer pad in the elastic linkage mechanism, and residual energy is further buffered through the air pressure rod; through the double buffering design of a buffering pad and an air pressure rod in the elastic linkage mechanism and the elastic compensation effect of a spring and a movable part in the supporting bearing mechanism, wind impact energy can be dispersed and absorbed, the impact load transmission efficiency is reduced, the problem of stress concentration in a supporting bearing is effectively relieved, the contact fatigue life of the bearing is prolonged, and the service life is prolonged. And the risk of unplanned shutdown is obviously reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power generation equipment technology, specifically to a wind turbine shaft system structure. Background Technology

[0002] As the global energy structure shifts towards cleaner and lower-carbon energy, wind power, as a core component of renewable energy, is rapidly developing towards higher power, larger scale, and adaptability to extreme operating conditions. The shaft system, as the core transmission component of a wind turbine, undertakes the crucial task of converting the wind energy captured by the rotor into mechanical energy and transmitting it to the generator. Its operational reliability directly determines the power generation efficiency, service life, and maintenance costs of the wind turbine unit.

[0003] Patent authorization announcement number CN112943555B discloses a shaft system structure for a wind turbine generator set and a wind turbine generator set, including a main shaft, at least one thrust flange fixedly mounted on the main shaft, at least one sliding bearing assembly and at least one sliding bearing axial thrust structure sleeved on the main shaft, wherein the sliding bearing assembly forms a radial sliding fit surface with the main shaft, and the sliding bearing axial thrust structure forms an axial thrust sliding fit surface with the thrust flange.

[0004] However, based on actual usage, load transmission and buffering imbalances occur: With the continuous increase in impeller diameter in high-power units, the impact of dynamic loads such as wind and turbulence on the shaft system becomes increasingly significant. Traditional shaft systems use rigid connections or single elastic elements for buffering, resulting in impact load transmission efficiencies exceeding 80%. This leads to stress concentration between the rollers and raceways inside the support bearings, exacerbating contact fatigue wear. Bearing life is reduced to only 60%-70% of the design value, potentially causing premature bearing failure and unplanned downtime. Furthermore, the lubrication system has poor adaptability: existing shaft lubrication systems mostly employ fixed-point application or passive permeation methods, resulting in uneven distribution of grease at the spindle-bearing interface, easily leading to localized dry friction areas. Simultaneously, there is a lack of dynamic lubrication control mechanisms for changes in spindle speed and load. When the spindle load changes abruptly, the grease supply cannot respond promptly, further aggravating shaft wear. Statistics show that approximately 45% of shaft system failures are directly related to poor lubrication. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wind turbine shaft system structure to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A wind turbine shaft system structure, comprising: A main spindle, one end of which is fixedly mounted with a connecting end, and the other end of which is fixedly mounted with an elastic linkage mechanism; A support bearing mechanism is installed at the connection of the spindle side wall. There are two support bearing mechanisms, one of which is located on the side of the spindle side wall near the connection end, and the other is located on the side of the spindle side wall near the elastic linkage mechanism. The support bearing mechanism increases the contact area with the spindle surface through a contact member with a flow groove. The monitoring and control mechanism synchronously collects the operating parameters of the spindle and the contact parts through load sensors and FBG sensors, which is used to accurately replenish grease. The elastic linkage mechanism includes a buffer pad. When the impeller is impacted by wind, the impact energy is absorbed by the buffer pad in the elastic linkage mechanism and the air pressure rod installed on the connector.

[0007] Optionally, the supporting bearing mechanism includes an assembly, a first bearing shell, a second bearing shell, a support member, and ball bearings. Two assemblies are provided. The first bearing shell is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one of the assemblies, and the second bearing shell is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the other assembly. The first bearing shell and the second bearing shell are fitted together. A mounting groove is provided on one side of the contact member, and several mounting grooves are provided. A spring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting groove. The support member is fixedly installed on one end of the spring and is located on one side of the contact member. Grooves that fit with the support member are provided on the inner walls of both the first and second bearing shells. Several movable cavities are provided on one side of the contact member, and the ball bearings are movably connected inside the movable cavities. Annular grooves that fit with the ball bearings are provided on the inner walls of both the first and second bearing shells. The support member is an arc-shaped component.

[0008] Optionally, one of the assemblies has a first mounting hole on its side wall, and the other assembly has a second mounting hole at one end that matches the first mounting hole, with a threaded groove on the inner wall of the second mounting hole.

[0009] Optionally, four contact elements are provided, and the contact elements are arc-shaped, with the curvature of the contact elements matching that of the main shaft.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of movable members are movably connected to the inner wall of the assembly, and the movable members are located between the inner wall of the assembly and one side of the contact member.

[0011] Optionally, the supporting bearing mechanism further includes a base, a fixing member, and a connecting bolt. There are two fixing members, one of which is fixedly installed on the top of the base, and the two fixing members are connected by the connecting bolt. The assembly is located inside the fixing member.

[0012] Optionally, the inner wall of the flow channel is provided with a retention groove, the retention groove is located on the contact surface between the contact member and the main shaft, and a connecting hole connected to the movable cavity is provided on one side of the retention groove.

[0013] Optionally, the monitoring and control mechanism includes a fixed frame, a filling pipe, an electric heating wire, a solenoid valve, and a control device. An oil storage chamber is formed on the side wall of the spindle. The fixed frame is located outside the spindle. The filling pipe is fixedly installed inside the fixed frame. The solenoid valve is fixedly installed inside the filling pipe. The electric heating wire is fixedly installed inside the fixed frame and is in contact with the filling pipe. One end of the filling pipe is connected to the oil storage chamber. A boss is fixedly installed on the side wall of the spindle. A load sensor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the spindle, corresponding to the boss. The assembly is located between the boss and the load sensor. An oil groove is formed on the inner wall of the oil storage chamber. The other end of the oil groove is located between the boss and the load sensor. The oil groove is distributed in a conical spiral within the spindle.

[0014] Optionally, a baffle is fixedly installed inside the oil storage cavity, and a protrusion is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the oil storage cavity. The protrusion is located at the bottom of one end of the oil trough, and the cross-section of the protrusion is triangular.

[0015] Optionally, the elastic linkage mechanism includes a snap-fit ​​component, a fixing post, and a mounting post. Two connectors are provided. The snap-fit ​​component is fixedly installed on one side of the connector. A plurality of snap-fit ​​components are provided, and the gaps between the plurality of snap-fit ​​components form snap-fit ​​grooves. Two connectors are snapped together by the snap-fit ​​component and the snap-fit ​​groove. A buffer pad is fixedly installed between the snap-fit ​​component and the snap-fit ​​groove. The fixing post is fixedly installed on one side of the snap-fit ​​component. The mounting post is fixedly installed on one side of the connector. The pneumatic rod is installed between the fixing post on one side of the snap-fit ​​component of one connector and the mounting post on the other connector.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) This solution uses the double buffer design of buffer pad and pneumatic rod in the elastic linkage mechanism, combined with the elastic compensation of spring and moving parts in the support bearing mechanism, to disperse and absorb wind impact energy, reduce the impact load transmission efficiency, effectively alleviate the stress concentration problem inside the support bearing, improve the bearing contact fatigue life, and significantly reduce the risk of unplanned downtime. (2) This solution sets up a support bearing mechanism. The support bearing mechanism adopts a modular disassembly design. The components such as the assembly and contact parts can be disassembled and replaced individually without disassembling the entire shaft system, thus shortening the maintenance time per operation. The arc-shaped fit design and independent layout of the contact parts and the spindle further reduce the difficulty of troubleshooting and component replacement, and significantly improve the operation and maintenance efficiency. (3) This solution sets up a monitoring and control mechanism, relies on the synchronous monitoring of the load sensor and the FBG sensor, and combines the grease circulation design of the conical spiral oil groove, the retention groove and the connecting hole to achieve dynamic and precise supply and uniform distribution of grease, avoid local dry friction, reduce the wear of key contact parts of the shaft system, improve the utilization rate of grease, and reduce the cost of lubrication consumables. (4) The main shaft of this scheme is made of high-strength alloy steel, and the key components of the supporting bearing are made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials. With multiple protection and precise control mechanisms, the overall tensile strength, wear resistance and extreme environment resistance of the shaft system are greatly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one side of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the oil storage cavity structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main axis perspective structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the contact structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of one side of the contact element of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic linkage mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a system diagram of the present invention.

[0018] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Spindle; 101. Connecting end; 102. Boss; 103. Oil groove; 104. Oil reservoir; 105. Baffle; 106. Protrusion; 2. Base; 201. Fixing component; 202. Connecting bolt; 203. Assembly component; 204. First mounting hole; 205. Second mounting hole; 206. Moving component; 207. First bearing shell; 208. Second bearing shell; 209. Contact component; 210. Flow groove; 211. Retention groove; 212. 213. Connecting hole; 214. Support; 215. Ball bearing; 216. Movable cavity; 217. Mounting slot; 218. Spring; 3. Fixing bracket; 301. Filling pipe; 4. Load sensor; 401. Electric heating wire; 402. Solenoid valve; 403. Control device; 404. FBG sensor; 5. Connecting piece; 501. Snap-fit ​​piece; 502. Snap-fit ​​slot; 503. Fixing post; 504. Pneumatic rod; 505. Mounting post; 506. Buffer pad. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-11 This invention provides a wind turbine shaft system structure, including a main shaft 1, with a connecting end 101 fixedly installed at one end of the main shaft 1 and an elastic linkage mechanism fixedly installed at the other end of the main shaft 1. It should be noted that the main shaft 1 is made of 42CrMo4 high-purity alloy steel, which, after quenching and tempering, has a tensile strength ≥980MPa and a yield strength ≥835MPa, possessing excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and capable of withstanding the torque and impact load of high-power wind turbine units. The connecting end 101 adopts a flange structure design, with evenly distributed connecting holes on its end face, which are fixedly connected to the impeller hub by high-strength bolts. The inner wall of the connecting hole is provided with anti-loosening threads, which, together with anti-loosening washers, can effectively prevent the connection from loosening due to vibration during unit operation and ensure the stability of power transmission. The support bearing mechanism is installed at the connection point of the side wall of the spindle 1. There are two support bearing mechanisms. One support bearing mechanism is located on the side wall of the spindle 1 near the connection end 101, and the other support bearing mechanism is located on the side wall of the spindle 1 near the elastic linkage mechanism. The support bearing mechanism increases the contact area with the surface of the spindle 1 through the contact member 209 with the flow groove 210. It should be noted that not only is the contact area with the spindle 1 increased by more than 35% compared with the traditional planar contact, but a flow channel for grease is also formed. At the same time, the arc-shaped structure of the flow groove 210 can guide the airflow generated when the spindle 1 rotates, carry away some of the frictional heat, reduce the contact interface temperature, and reduce the impact of high temperature on the performance of grease.

[0021] The monitoring and control mechanism synchronously collects the operating parameters of the spindle 1 and contact element 209 through load sensor 4 and FBG sensor 404 for precise grease replenishment. It should be noted that the load sensor 4 adopts a strain gauge structure and is attached to the stress concentration area on the side wall of the spindle 1. It can collect mechanical parameters such as torque and radial load of the spindle 1 in real time, providing mechanical data support for judging the operating status of the shaft system. The FBG sensor 404 adopts a distributed arrangement, partially embedded inside the spindle 1 and partially installed on the surface of the contact element 209. It can synchronously collect parameters such as the temperature of the spindle 1, vibration frequency, and wear of the contact element 209. The monitoring and control mechanism transmits the parameters collected by the sensors to the control device 403 through the data acquisition module. After data analysis and processing, it triggers a control based on a preset threshold. The grease replenishment command enables precise lubrication, avoiding the problems of insufficient or wasted lubrication caused by traditional periodic lubrication. When the torque of the spindle 1 collected by the load sensor 4 is ≥80% of the design rated torque, or the radial load is ≥70% of the rated dynamic load of the bearing, it is determined to be a high load condition, triggering lubrication replenishment. When the FBG sensor 404 detects that the temperature of the spindle 1 is ≥60℃, or the surface temperature of the contact part 209 is ≥75℃, the high temperature accelerates the failure of the grease, triggering replenishment. Based on the load parameters: according to the ratio of torque / radial load exceeding the threshold, such as exceeding the threshold by 10% or 20%, a preset basic replenishment amount gradient is matched, such as 1.2 times or 1.5 times the basic amount. Combined with temperature correction: for every 5℃ increase in temperature above the threshold, the basic replenishment amount is increased by 5% to offset the accelerated consumption of grease under high temperature. The elastic linkage mechanism, through the design of the buffer pad 506, absorbs part of the impact energy when the impeller is impacted by wind. By installing the air pressure rod 504 on the connector 5, the remaining energy can be further buffered and absorbed.

[0022] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 The bearing support mechanism includes an assembly 203, a first bearing shell 207, a second bearing shell 208, a support member 213, and ball bearings 214. Two assemblies 203 are provided. The first bearing shell 207 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one assembly 203, and the second bearing shell 208 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the other assembly 203. The first bearing shell 207 and the second bearing shell 208 fit together. A mounting groove 216 is provided on one side of the contact member 209. Several mounting grooves 216 are provided. A spring 217 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting groove 216. The support member 213 is fixedly installed on one end of the spring 217 and is located on one side of the contact member 209. Both the first bearing shell 207 and the second bearing shell 208 have mounting grooves on their inner walls that fit together with the support member 214. The device features 13 matching grooves. One side of the contact element 209 has a movable cavity 215, containing several cavities. Ball bearings 214 are movably connected inside the movable cavity 215. The inner walls of the first bearing 207 and the second bearing 208 both have annular grooves that match the ball bearings 214. The support element 213 is arc-shaped. One assembly 203 has a first mounting hole 204 on its side wall, and another assembly 203 has a second mounting hole 205 at one end that matches the first mounting hole 204. The inner wall of the second mounting hole 205 has a threaded groove. Four contact elements 209 are provided, each arc-shaped, with its curvature matching the spindle 1. Several movable bearings 214 are movably connected to the inner wall of the assembly 203. The moving part 206 is located within the assembly 203 and between it and one side of the contact part 209. It should be noted that the assembly 203 is made of QT450-10 ductile iron, possessing good strength, toughness, and wear resistance, providing a stable mounting base for components such as the first bearing 207 and the second bearing 208. The first bearing 207 and the second bearing 208 are made of tin bronze ZCuSn10P1, possessing excellent friction reduction and wear resistance. When they fit together, they form a complete annular support structure, ensuring the flexibility of the spindle 1's rotation. The mounting grooves 216 are evenly distributed on one side of the contact part 209. The spring 217 is made of 60Si2Mn, providing stable elastic support for the support part 213. The support member 213 is an arc-shaped part whose curvature perfectly matches the grooves on the inner walls of the first bearing shell 207 and the second bearing shell 208. Through the elastic action of the spring 217, the support member 213 can fit tightly in the groove, realizing the elastic connection between the contact member 209 and the bearing shell, effectively absorbing the vibration of the contact member 209 and improving the contact stability. The movable cavity 215 is evenly distributed on one side of the contact member 209. The ball bearing 214 is made of GCr15 bearing steel. The ball bearing 214 can roll freely in the movable cavity 215 and cooperate with the annular grooves on the inner walls of the first bearing shell 207 and the second bearing shell 208 to convert the sliding friction between the contact member 209 and the bearing shell into rolling friction, which greatly reduces friction and wear and improves the operating efficiency of the shaft system.

[0023] In some embodiments, both the first mounting hole 204 and the second mounting hole 205 adopt a stepped hole structure. The diameter of the first mounting hole 204 is slightly larger than the threaded portion of the second mounting hole 205, which facilitates the installation and positioning of the bolt. The threaded groove on the inner wall of the second mounting hole 205 adopts a fine thread design. When used with high-strength bolts, it can improve the connection strength and sealing between the assemblies 203, preventing external impurities from entering the interior of the assemblies 203. Through the cooperation of the first mounting hole 204 and the second mounting hole 205, the two assemblies 203 can be precisely connected, ensuring the assembly accuracy of the bearing support mechanism and avoiding the problem of increased operating vibration caused by assembly deviation. At the same time, the bolt connection method facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the assemblies 203. When internal components malfunction, assembly 203 can be quickly disassembled for inspection and replacement. Four contact elements 209 are evenly distributed around the spindle 1, forming a complete annular contact structure with high fit to the spindle 1, ensuring uniform distribution of contact load and avoiding local stress concentration. The contact elements 209 are made of ZCuAl10Fe3 bronze, which has good wear resistance, corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity, and can adapt to the friction environment when the shaft rotates at high speed. Its curvature matching the spindle 1 not only increases the contact area, but also reduces the gap at the contact interface, reduces the rate of grease loss, and effectively prevents external dust, water vapor and other impurities from entering the contact interface, thus improving the service life of the contact elements 209.

[0024] In some embodiments, the independent design of the four contact elements 209 allows for individual disassembly and replacement when a single contact element 209 wears or fails, without the need for complete disassembly of the support bearing mechanism, thus reducing maintenance costs and complexity. The movable element 206 adopts a ball structure and is made of GCr15 bearing steel, evenly distributed between the inner wall of the assembly 203 and the contact elements 209. The movable element 206 can roll freely within the reserved groove on the inner wall of the assembly 203. When the contact element 209 experiences slight displacement due to vibration or radial offset of the main shaft 1, the movable element 206 can adaptively adjust its position through rolling, providing flexible support for the contact element 209, reducing the constraint of the assembly 203 on the contact element 209, and reducing the additional stress on the contact element 209. At the same time, the rolling of the movable element 206 can reduce the friction between the assembly 203 and the contact element 209, improve the movement flexibility of the contact element 209, further reduce the shaft running resistance, and improve power generation efficiency.

[0025] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 5The bearing support mechanism also includes a base 2, a fixing member 201, and a connecting bolt 202. Two fixing members 201 are provided, one of which is fixedly installed on the top of the base 2. The two fixing members 201 are connected by the connecting bolt 202. The assembly 203 is located inside the fixing member 201. A retaining groove 211 is provided on the inner wall of the flow groove 210. The retaining groove 211 is located on the contact surface between the contact member 209 and the main shaft 1. A connecting hole 212 communicating with the movable cavity 215 is provided on one side of the retaining groove 211. It should be noted that the base 2 is welded from Q235B steel plate, and the bottom is equipped with… Equipped with anchor bolt mounting holes, it is fixedly connected to the wind turbine nacelle base via anchor bolts, providing high connection strength and good stability, and offering a solid installation foundation for the entire support bearing mechanism. The fixing component 201 adopts a box-type structure design, made of Q355B alloy steel. Two fixing components 201, when joined together, form a complete receiving cavity, enclosing the assembly 203, providing protection and fixation. The connecting bolts 202 are high-strength bolts, grade 10.9, evenly distributed around the circumference of the fixing components 201. Pre-tightening force ensures a tight fit between the two fixing components 201, and the fixing components 201 and the assembly... Rubber buffer pads 506 are installed between components 203 to absorb some vibration energy and reduce vibration transmission. The design of the fixing component 201 not only ensures the installation stability of the assembly 203, but also facilitates the overall disassembly and assembly of the support bearing mechanism. When a major overhaul of the support bearing mechanism is required, the entire support bearing mechanism can be removed from the base 2 by disassembling the connecting bolts 202, improving the convenience of operation and maintenance. The retention groove 211 adopts a semi-circular groove structure, which is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the flow groove 210. Its function is to store grease and form a grease reserve. When the spindle 1 rotates, the grease can be stored in the retention groove 211. The grease is temporarily retained in the cavity 211 to prevent rapid loss and ensure that there is always sufficient grease at the contact interface. The connecting hole 212 adopts an inclined hole design to connect the retention groove 211 with the moving cavity 215, so that the grease in the retention groove 211 can enter the moving cavity 215 through the connecting hole 212 to provide lubrication for the ball 214, reduce the friction and wear between the ball 214 and the moving cavity 215 and the annular groove. At the same time, the inclined design of the connecting hole 212 can prevent the grease in the moving cavity 215 from flowing back quickly, ensuring the continuous lubrication of the ball 214 and further improving the reliability and stability of the shaft system operation.

[0026] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 11The monitoring and control mechanism includes a fixed frame 3, a filling pipe 301, an electric heating wire 401, a solenoid valve 402, and a control device 403. An oil storage chamber 104 is provided on the side wall of the main shaft 1. The fixed frame 3 is located outside the main shaft 1. The filling pipe 301 is fixedly installed inside the fixed frame 3. The solenoid valve 402 is fixedly installed inside the filling pipe 301. The electric heating wire 401 is fixedly installed inside the fixed frame 3 and is in contact with the filling pipe 301. One end of the filling pipe 301 is connected to the oil storage chamber 104. A boss 102 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the main shaft 1. A load sensor 4 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the main shaft 1, corresponding to the boss 102. Assembly 20... Located between the boss 102 and the load sensor 4, the inner wall of the oil storage chamber 104 has an oil groove 103. The other end of the oil groove 103 is located between the boss 102 and the load sensor 4. The oil groove 103 is distributed in a conical spiral within the main shaft 1. A baffle 105 is fixedly installed inside the oil storage chamber 104. A protrusion 106 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the oil storage chamber 104. The protrusion 106 is located at the bottom of one end of the oil groove 103 and has a triangular cross-section. It should be noted that the fixing bracket 3 is made of stainless steel and is fixed to the wind turbine nacelle with bolts. The structure is stable and can provide stable installation support for components such as the filling pipe 301 and the electric heating wire 401. The filling pipe 301 is made of seamless stainless steel pipe. One end of it is sealed to the oil storage chamber 104 through a joint, and the other end is connected to the grease storage tank to ensure smooth and sealed grease delivery. The solenoid valve 402 is a two-position three-way solenoid directional valve, which can precisely control the opening and closing of the filling tube 301 to achieve quantitative supply of grease. The electric heating wire 401 is made of nickel-chromium alloy with a power of 50-100W. It is evenly wound on the outer wall of the filling tube 301. The heating temperature is controlled by a temperature controller. When the ambient temperature is low, the electric heating wire 401 starts heating to raise the temperature of the grease to 10-20℃, reduce the viscosity of the grease, ensure its fluidity, and avoid supply problems caused by grease solidification.The oil reservoir 104 is located on the side wall of the spindle 1 and can store a certain amount of grease, serving as a buffer and pressure stabilizer to ensure the continuity of grease supply. The boss 102 is integrally formed with the spindle 1 and adopts a ring structure design. Its function is to axially position the assembly 203, limit the axial displacement of the assembly 203, and ensure the installation position accuracy of the support bearing mechanism. The load sensor 4 is designed to correspond to the boss 102, enabling the load sensor 4 to accurately collect the contact load between the spindle 1 and the assembly 203, providing precise mechanical parameters for lubrication control. The oil groove 103 adopts a conical spiral distribution design with a spiral helix angle of 15-20°. When the spindle 1 rotates, under centrifugal force... Under the action of the oil reservoir 104, the grease in the oil reservoir 104 can flow quickly along the oil groove 103 to the contact interface between the boss 102 and the load sensor 4, realizing the active delivery of grease and improving the lubrication efficiency. The baffle 105 is made of stainless steel and is vertically installed inside the oil reservoir 104 to separate the oil reservoir 104 so as to control the oil injection separately. The protrusion 106 is integrally formed with the inner wall of the oil reservoir 104 and has a triangular cross-section design. When the main shaft 1 rotates, the grease flows along the inner wall of the oil reservoir 104 under the action of centrifugal force. When passing through the protrusion 106, the triangular structure can generate a guiding effect, accurately guiding the grease into the inlet of the oil groove 103 and improving the delivery efficiency of the grease.

[0027] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 10The elastic linkage mechanism includes a snap-fit ​​component 501, a fixing post 503, and a mounting post 505. Two connecting members 5 are provided. Snap-fit ​​components 501 are fixedly installed on one side of the connecting member 5. Several snap-fit ​​components 501 are provided, and the gaps between the snap-fit ​​components 501 form snap-fit ​​grooves 502. Two connecting members 5 are interlocked via snap-fit ​​components 501 and snap-fit ​​grooves 502. A buffer pad 506 is fixedly installed between the snap-fit ​​components 501 and the snap-fit ​​grooves 502. The fixing post 503 is fixedly installed on one side of the snap-fit ​​component 501, and the mounting post 505 is fixedly installed... The pneumatic rod 504 is mounted on one side of the connector 5, between the fixing post 503 on one side of the snap-fit ​​part 501 on the connector 5 and the mounting post 505 on the other connector 5. It should be noted that the connector 5 is made of Q355B alloy steel, manufactured through forging, possessing high strength and good toughness. The two connectors 5 are respectively fixedly connected to the main shaft 1 and the generator input shaft to achieve power transmission. The snap-fit ​​part 501 is integrally formed with the connector 5, adopting a rectangular structure design, and is evenly distributed on one side of the connector 5. The dimensions of the slot 502 match those of the snap-fit ​​component 501. The two connectors 5 achieve initial positioning and torque transmission through the interlocking of the snap-fit ​​component 501 and the slot 502, ensuring the stability of the connection. The buffer pad 506, made of nitrile rubber, is attached to the contact surface between the snap-fit ​​component 501 and the slot 502. It not only absorbs impact energy but also reduces vibration, impact, and noise between the snap-fit ​​component 501 and the slot 502. The fixing post 503 is welded to the snap-fit ​​component 501, and the mounting post 505 is welded to the connector 5. Both are made of 45# steel, which has good compressive strength and wear resistance. The two ends of the pneumatic rod 504 are connected to the fixed column 503 and the mounting column 505 through ball joints. The design of the ball joints allows the pneumatic rod 504 to swing freely within a certain angle range, adapting to the change in the direction of the impact load and ensuring the stability of the buffering effect. At the same time, multiple pneumatic rods 504 are evenly distributed between the two connecting parts 5 to form a symmetrical buffer structure, which can evenly absorb impact energy and avoid damage caused by excessive force on a single pneumatic rod 504.

[0028] The working process and principle of this invention are as follows: During the operation of the wind turbine, the impeller captures wind energy and drives the main shaft 1 to rotate. The main shaft 1 is fixedly connected to the impeller hub through the connecting end 101, transmitting torque to the elastic linkage mechanism, which then transmits it to the generator input shaft to generate electricity. When the impeller is impacted by wind, the impact load is first transmitted to the main shaft 1. The main shaft 1 then transmits part of the impact energy to the elastic linkage mechanism. The buffer pad 506 within the elastic linkage mechanism first absorbs part of the impact energy, and the remaining energy is further buffered by the elastic deformation of the pneumatic rod 504, effectively reducing the impact load on the main shaft 1 and the support bearing mechanism, and protecting key components of the shaft system from damage. The support bearing mechanism provides stable radial support for the main shaft 1. Four arc-shaped contact elements 209 fit tightly against the main shaft 1, ensuring uniform distribution of contact load. The rolling balls 214 between the contact elements 209 and the first bearing shell 207 and the second bearing shell 208 convert sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing frictional wear. The support element 213, under the action of the spring 217, fits tightly against the bearing shell groove, achieving elastic support and improving contact stability. The movable element 206 can roll freely, providing flexible support for the contact elements 209 and reducing additional stress. The monitoring and control mechanism monitors the shaft system's operating status in real time: the load sensor 4 collects mechanical parameters such as torque and radial load of the main shaft 1, and the FBG transmits... Sensor 404 collects parameters such as the temperature, vibration frequency, and wear of contact parts 209 of the spindle 1. All parameters are transmitted to the control device 403 for analysis and processing. When the control device 403 determines that the grease is insufficient or the temperature is too low, it initiates corresponding control actions: the control solenoid valve 402 opens, and grease is added to the oil reservoir 104 through the filling pipe 301. The amount added is precisely controlled according to the monitoring parameters. When the ambient temperature is too low, the electric heating wire 401 is activated to ensure the fluidity of the grease. Under the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the spindle 1, the grease in the oil reservoir 104 flows rapidly to the contact interface along the oil grooves 103 distributed in a conical spiral. At the same time, the flow groove 210 and the retention groove... 211 and the connecting hole 212 form a grease circulation channel, ensuring that the contact interface and the ball 214 are always adequately lubricated, reducing friction and wear, and improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the shaft system. The support bearing mechanism adopts a modular disassembly design. When maintenance is required, the fastener 201 can be disassembled by removing the connecting bolt 202 on the fastener 201, and then the bolts on the assembly 203 can be removed and the assembly 203 can be disassembled. The internal components such as the first bearing shell 207, the second bearing shell 208, and the contact element 209 can be inspected and replaced. When a single contact element 209 fails, it can be disassembled and replaced individually without disassembling the entire shaft system, which greatly improves the operation and maintenance efficiency and reduces the operation and maintenance cost.

[0029] Load sensor 4: Model YZC-133; FBG sensor 404: Model FBG-T100; Solenoid valve 402: Model 2W-160-15; Electric heating wire 401: Model Cr20Ni80; Control device 403: Model PLC-S7-1200; Pneumatic rod 504: Model QYB32-100; Temperature controller: Model XMTG-7411.

[0030] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0031] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wind turbine shaft system structure, characterized in that, include: A main shaft (1) is fixedly installed at one end of the main shaft (1) and at the other end of the main shaft (1) is a flexible linkage mechanism. The support bearing mechanism is installed at the connection of the side wall of the main shaft (1). There are two support bearing mechanisms. One support bearing mechanism is located on the side wall of the main shaft (1) near the connection end (101), and the other support bearing mechanism is located on the side wall of the main shaft (1) near the elastic linkage mechanism. The support bearing mechanism increases the contact area with the surface of the main shaft (1) through the contact member (209) with the flow groove (210). The monitoring and control mechanism synchronously collects the operating parameters of the spindle (1) and the contact (209) through the load sensor (4) and the FBG sensor (404) to determine the amount of grease to be replenished based on the collected data. The elastic linkage mechanism includes a buffer pad (506). When the impeller is impacted by wind, the impact energy is absorbed by the buffer pad (506) in the elastic linkage mechanism and the air pressure rod (504) installed on the connector (5).

2. The wind turbine shaft system structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting bearing mechanism includes an assembly (203), a first bearing shell (207), a second bearing shell (208), a support member (213), and a ball bearing (214). Two assemblies (203) are provided. The first bearing shell (207) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one of the assemblies (203), and the second bearing shell (208) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the other assemblies (203). The first bearing shell (207) and the second bearing shell (208) are fitted together. A mounting groove (216) is provided on one side of the contact member (209). Several mounting grooves (216) are provided, and a spring (217) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of each mounting groove (216). The support member (213) is fixedly installed at one end of the spring (217). The support member (213) is located on one side of the contact member (209). The inner walls of the first bearing (207) and the second bearing (208) are provided with grooves that fit with the support member (213). The contact member (209) is provided with a movable cavity (215) on one side. The movable cavity (215) is provided with a plurality of them. The ball (214) is movably connected inside the movable cavity (215). The inner walls of the first bearing (207) and the second bearing (208) are provided with annular grooves that fit with the ball (214). The support member (213) is an arc-shaped member.

3. The wind turbine shaft system structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: One of the assemblies (203) has a first mounting hole (204) on its side wall, and the other assemblies (203) has a second mounting hole (205) at one end that matches the first mounting hole (204). The inner wall of the second mounting hole (205) has a threaded groove.

4. The wind turbine shaft system structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Four contact elements (209) are provided. The contact elements (209) are arc-shaped and their curvature matches the main shaft (1).

5. A wind turbine shaft system structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the assembly (203) is movably connected to a plurality of movable parts (206), and the movable parts (206) are located between the inner wall of the assembly (203) and one side of the contact part (209).

6. The wind turbine shaft system structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting bearing mechanism also includes a base (2), a fixing member (201) and a connecting bolt (202). There are two fixing members (201), one of which is fixedly installed on the top of the base (2). The two fixing members (201) are connected by the connecting bolt (202). The assembly (203) is located inside the fixing member (201).

7. A wind turbine shaft system structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the flow groove (210) is provided with a retention groove (211), which is located on the contact surface between the contact member (209) and the main shaft (1). A connecting hole (212) connected to the movable cavity (215) is provided on one side of the retention groove (211).

8. A wind turbine shaft system structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring and control mechanism includes a fixed frame (3), a filling pipe (301), an electric heating wire (401), a solenoid valve (402), and a control device (403). An oil storage chamber (104) is provided on the side wall of the main shaft (1). The fixed frame (3) is located outside the main shaft (1). The filling pipe (301) is fixedly installed inside the fixed frame (3). The solenoid valve (402) is fixedly installed inside the filling pipe (301). The electric heating wire (401) is fixedly installed inside the fixed frame (3). The electric heating wire (401) is in contact with the filling pipe (301). One end of the assembly is connected to the oil storage cavity (104). A boss (102) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the main shaft (1). The load sensor (4) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the main shaft (1). The load sensor (4) corresponds to the boss (102). The assembly (203) is located between the boss (102) and the load sensor (4). An oil groove (103) is opened on the inner wall of the oil storage cavity (104). The other end of the oil groove (103) is located between the boss (102) and the load sensor (4). The oil groove (103) is distributed in a conical spiral inside the main shaft (1).

9. A wind turbine shaft system structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: A baffle (105) is fixedly installed inside the oil storage cavity (104), and a protrusion (106) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the oil storage cavity (104). The protrusion (106) is located at the bottom of one end of the oil groove (103), and the cross section of the protrusion (106) is triangular.

10. A wind turbine shaft system structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic linkage mechanism includes a snap-fit ​​component (501), a fixing post (503), and a mounting post (505). There are two connecting components (5). The snap-fit ​​component (501) is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting component (5). There are several snap-fit ​​components (501). The gap between several snap-fit ​​components (501) forms a snap-fit ​​groove (502). The two connecting components (5) are snapped together by the snap-fit ​​component (501) and the snap-fit ​​groove (502). The buffer pad is fixedly installed between the snap-fit ​​component (501) and the snap-fit ​​groove (502). The fixing post (503) is fixedly installed on one side of the snap-fit ​​component (501). The mounting post (505) is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting component (5). The pneumatic rod (504) is installed between the fixing post (503) on one side of the snap-fit ​​component (501) of one connecting component (5) and the mounting post (505) on the other connecting component (5).

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