Feeding device with pre-crushing function

Abstract

The invention discloses a feeding device with a pre-crushing function, which comprises a motor for providing a driving force, a speed reducer for reducing the speed of the motor and improving the torque, and a crushing tooth roller for crushing materials, a shell frame comprises a feeding hole, a front baffle plate, a base and a frame back plate, and the crushing tooth roller comprises a tooth roller transmission shaft and a tooth roller main body. The tooth roller transmission shaft is installed in the tooth roller body through key connection, and the two ends of the tooth roller transmission shaft are installed on the front baffle and the frame back plate through bearing connection respectively. The feeding device solves the technical problems that feeding particles of an existing device are not uniform, feeding is blocked and the like, the feeding particles are uniform in size, materials which are prone to adhesion and bridging can be continuously, uniformly and forcibly discharged out of the feeding device, and the feeding device has the advantages of being reasonable in installation structure, low in manufacturing cost, relatively simple in production process and long in service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of auxiliary feeding devices for mineral processing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the mining and metallurgical process, many pieces of equipment require feeding devices to add materials, and the performance of these devices directly determines the overall efficiency and reliability of the machine. Traditional equipment relies primarily on the material's own weight for discharge, but when processing wet, sticky materials or fine powders, bridging, adhesion, and blockage easily occur at the bottom of the crushing chamber and below the toothed rollers. This not only leads to poor discharge and output fluctuations but can also cause severe blockages and shutdowns, requiring manual intervention and significantly impacting production continuity. Furthermore, blocked material causes a sharp increase in the running resistance of the crushing toothed rollers, leading to equipment overload and threatening the motor and transmission system. While some solutions attempt to add vibrators, directly and rigidly mounting them to the main frame results in severe vibrations transmitted throughout the entire machine, accelerating fatigue damage to bearings, bolts, and other components, and generating significant noise—a superficial solution. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of feeding device that can actively and uniformly discharge material and effectively isolate harmful vibrations.

[0003] In recent years, domestic patent databases have published some similar technical reports on ore crushing and feeding machines: [Application No.] ZL2023209600602, [Name] An Ore Crushing and Feeding Machine, [Publication No.] CN219765456U, discloses an ore crushing and feeding machine, including a plate feeder, with electric modules symmetrically installed on both sides of the plate feeder. A crushing box with an opening at the top is driven between the two electric modules. An adjustable crushing unit is installed inside the crushing box, and a screening unit is installed below the adjustable crushing unit. The screening unit can screen out unqualified ores. However, this device has the following problems: the result is complex and it does not have good economic efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a feeding device with pre-crushing function that has a relatively simple production process, low manufacturing cost, reasonable installation structure, and long service life, solving the technical problems of uneven feeding particles and feeding blockage in current devices.

[0005] The present invention provides a feeding device with pre-crushing function, which mainly includes a motor for providing stable and efficient driving force, a reducer for reducing the speed of the motor and significantly improving the output torque, and a crushing toothed roller for efficiently crushing materials.

[0006] The outer frame of the equipment mainly includes a feed inlet, a front baffle, a base, and a frame back plate. The feed inlet is securely bolted to the top of the base, the front baffle is precisely bolted to the front side formed by the feed inlet and the base, and the frame back plate is bolted to the rear side formed by the feed inlet and the base, thus forming a robust and well-sealed overall frame.

[0007] The crushing toothed roller, as the core working component, mainly includes a toothed roller drive shaft and a toothed roller body. The toothed roller drive shaft is reliably installed in the central hole of the toothed roller body via a key connection, ensuring efficient power transmission. Both ends of the toothed roller drive shaft are flexibly mounted in pre-set bearing seats on the front baffle and frame back plate, respectively, ensuring smooth rotation. The installation positions of the toothed roller drive shafts of the two crushing toothed rollers ensure that their central axes remain strictly parallel. The feed inlet for material input is directly above the crushing toothed roller, and the entire crushing toothed roller is located within the internal space enclosed by the base, ensuring that the crushing process takes place in a closed environment.

[0008] The motor and reducer, serving as the power source, are mounted on the outer side of the frame back plate. The motor is connected to the input shaft of the reducer via belt drive to achieve single-stage reduction and power transmission. The reducer has two power output shafts, which are directly and rigidly connected to the extended ends of the toothed roller drive shafts of the two crushing rollers via couplings. This transmission layout allows the two crushing rollers to achieve opposite-direction rotational motion. The tooth profile of the two crushing rollers ensures that their circumcircles are precisely tangent, and the linear velocity directions of the two crushing rollers at the point of tangency of their circumcircles are designed to be in the same direction and point towards the center of the base, thereby generating an efficient pulling and crushing effect on the material.

[0009] Furthermore, the first and second elastic supports are bolted to the inside of the base bottom. The vibrating feed pan is bolted to the top of the first and second elastic supports, and is precisely positioned directly below the crushing roller to receive the crushed material. An independent vibrator is mounted on the frame back plate; the vibrating end of the vibrator's eccentric wheel is connected to the side or bottom of the vibrating feed pan via a connecting rod or directly to drive it to generate high-frequency, low-amplitude vibration. The first and second elastic supports are preferably made of high-performance elastic components such as springs to achieve optimal vibration reduction and isolation effects.

[0010] This invention utilizes a vibrating feed disc mounted directly below the crushing toothed rollers, ensuring uniform particle size. The disc generates high-frequency, micro-amplitude vibrations under direct drive from the vibrator, creating an active "boosting" force. This allows even easily adhered or bridging materials to be continuously and uniformly forced out of the feeding device, completely changing the passive gravity-dependent discharge mode and fundamentally eliminating material blockage. This ensures smooth feeding and high output. The modular design of the outer frame, with the feed inlet, front baffle, and frame back plate all bolted to the base, facilitates easy assembly and disassembly, greatly simplifying internal inspection, maintenance, and replacement of vulnerable parts. The "motor-reducer-dual output shaft" transmission layout, directly driving the toothed rollers via a coupling, results in a short transmission path and high efficiency. This ensures stable, opposite rotation of the two crushing toothed rollers, with the linear velocity at the meshing point pointing downwards, creating a "biting" and pulling effect on the material, resulting in a large crushing ratio and significantly improved efficiency. It solves the technical problems of uneven feeding particles and feeding blockage in current devices, and has the advantages of reasonable installation structure, low manufacturing cost, relatively simple production process and long service life. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the present invention after removing the front baffle.

[0015] The components are: 1-outer frame, 2-motor, 3-crushing toothed roller, 4-reducer, 5-vibrating feeder, 6-vibrator, 7-first elastic support, 8-second elastic support, 11-feed inlet, 12-front baffle, 13-base, 14-frame back plate, 31-toothed roller drive shaft, 32-toothed roller body. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] like Figure 1-4As shown, the feeding device with pre-crushing function of the present invention mainly includes a motor 2 for providing driving force, a reducer 4 for reducing the speed of the motor 2 and increasing its torque, and a crushing toothed roller 3 for crushing materials. The outer frame 1 includes a feed inlet 11, a front baffle 12, a base 13, and a frame back plate 14. The feed inlet 11 is bolted to the base 13. The front baffle 12 is bolted to the front side of the feed inlet 11 and the base 13. The frame back plate 14 is bolted to the rear side of the feed inlet 11 and the base 13. The crushing toothed roller 3 includes a toothed roller drive shaft 31 and a toothed roller body 32. The toothed roller drive shaft 31 is keyed to the inside of the toothed roller body 32. The two ends of the toothed roller drive shaft 31 are respectively connected to the front baffle 12 and the frame back plate 14 by bearings. The central axes of the toothed roller drive shafts 31 of the two crushing toothed rollers 3 are parallel. Above the crushing toothed roller 3 is the feed inlet 11. The crushing toothed roller 3 is located inside the base 13. The motor 2 and the reducer 4 are mounted on the frame back plate 14. The motor 2 is connected to the reducer 4 via a belt. The reducer 4 has two power output shafts, which are connected to the toothed roller drive shafts 31 of the two crushing toothed rollers 3 via couplings, so that the two crushing toothed rollers 3 rotate in opposite directions. The outer circles of the two crushing toothed rollers 3 are tangent to each other. The linear velocities of the two crushing toothed rollers 3 at the point of tangency of their outer circles are in the same direction and point inward to the base 13. The first elastic support 7 and the second elastic support 8 are bolted to the inside of the base 13. The vibrating feed plate 5 is bolted to the first elastic support 7 and the second elastic support 8. The vibrating feed plate 5 is located below the crushing toothed roller 3. The vibrator 6 is mounted on the frame back plate 14. The vibrating end of the eccentric wheel of the vibrator 6 is connected to the vibrating feed plate 5. The first elastic support 7 and the second elastic support 8 are made of leaf springs and rubber.

[0018] The working principle of the feeding device with pre-crushing function is as follows: Phase 1: Power Transmission and Toothed Roller Crushing 1. Power start: Motor 2 starts and transmits power to reducer 4 through belt drive.

[0019] 2. Speed ​​reduction and torque increase: The speed reducer 4 converts the high-speed rotation of the motor 2 into low-speed, high-torque power.

[0020] 3. Synchronous opposite drive: The two output shafts of the reducer 4 drive the toothed roller drive shafts 31 of the two crushing toothed rollers 3 respectively through the coupling, so that the two toothed roller bodies 32 rotate at the same speed in opposite directions (opposite to each other).

[0021] 4. High-efficiency crushing: The material to be crushed falls from the feed inlet into the space between the two toothed roller bodies 32. Since the linear velocity direction of the toothed roller bodies 32 at the tangent point is pointing inward, the material is forcibly pulled into the gap between the two rollers by the "biting" action of the toothed rollers, mainly bearing the splitting and compressing forces, and thus being crushed to the target particle size.

[0022] Phase Two: Vibration-Forced Discharge and Anti-Clogging: 1. Material falling: The qualified material after crushing falls naturally onto the vibrating feed plate 5 located directly below the toothed roller body 32 under the action of gravity.

[0023] 2. Forced discharge: At the same time, the vibrator 6 installed on the frame back plate 14 starts to work, and the high-frequency excitation force generated by its eccentric wheel is directly transmitted to the vibrating feed plate 5, driving the vibrating feed plate 5 to produce continuous micro-amplitude vibration.

[0024] 3. Prevents accumulation: This vibration effect keeps the material on the vibrating feed pan 5 in a "fluidized" state, allowing even wet, sticky, or fine powder materials to be continuously and evenly conveyed forward and forcibly discharged from the outlet. This completely changes the passive mode of traditional equipment that relies on gravity for natural discharge, fundamentally solving the blockage problem caused by material accumulation and bridging at the bottom.

[0025] Phase Three: Vibration Isolation and Equipment Protection 1. Elastic buffer: The vibrating feeder 5 is not rigidly connected to the base, but is supported by the first elastic bracket 7 and the second elastic bracket 8. These brackets are made of elastic materials such as leaf springs and rubber, forming a highly efficient "vibration isolation system".

[0026] 2. Energy absorption: When the vibrating feeder 5 vibrates, most of the vibration energy is absorbed and buffered by the first elastic support 7 and the second elastic support 8, effectively preventing harmful vibrations from being transmitted to the outer frame 1 and the transmission system.

[0027] 3. Extended lifespan: This design not only significantly reduces noise and vibration during equipment operation, but more importantly, it protects core components from fatigue damage caused by vibration, thereby greatly extending the service life of the entire machine.

Claims

1. A feeding device with pre-crushing function, comprising a motor (2) for providing driving force, a reducer (4) for reducing the speed and increasing the torque of the motor (2), and a crushing tooth roller (3) for crushing materials, characterized in that: The shell frame (1) comprises a feed inlet (11), a front baffle (12), a base (13), a frame back plate (14), the feed inlet (11) is installed on the base (13) by bolt connection, the front baffle (12) is installed on the front side of the feed inlet (11) and the base (13) by bolt connection, the frame back plate (14) is installed on the rear side of the feed inlet (11) and the base (13) by bolt connection, the crushing tooth roller (3) comprises a tooth roller transmission shaft (31) and a tooth roller main body (32), the tooth roller transmission shaft (31) is installed in the tooth roller main body (32) by key connection, the two ends of the tooth roller transmission shaft (31) are connected and installed on the front baffle (12) and the frame back plate (14) by bearings, the central axes of the tooth roller transmission shafts (31) of the two crushing tooth rollers (3) are parallel, the feed inlet (11) is above the crushing tooth roller (3), the crushing tooth roller (3) is located in the inside of the base (13), the motor (2) and the speed reducer (4) are installed on the frame back plate (14), the motor (2) is connected with the speed reducer (4) by a belt, the speed reducer (4) has two power output shafts, which are connected with the tooth roller transmission shafts (31) of the two crushing tooth rollers (3) by couplings, so that the two crushing tooth rollers (3) rotate in opposite directions, the two crushing tooth rollers (3) are tangent to the circumscribed circle, the linear velocities of the two crushing tooth rollers (3) at the tangent point of the circumscribed circle are in the same direction and point to the inside of the base (13), the first elastic support (7) and the second elastic support (8) are installed in the inside of the base (13) by bolts, the vibrating feeding disc (5) is installed on the first elastic support (7) and the second elastic support (8) by bolts, the vibrating feeding disc (5) is located below the crushing tooth roller (3), the vibrator (6) is installed on the frame back plate (14), and the eccentric wheel vibration end of the vibrator (6) is connected with the vibrating feeding disc (5).

2. The feeding device with pre-crushing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first elastic support (7) and the second elastic support (8) are made of elastic parts.

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