Shell and kernel separation device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of screening separation. The shell and kernel separation device is characterized by comprising a vibration classification screening mechanism which comprises a screening ship and at least two screening assemblies which are arranged in the screening ship up and down; screen holes of the lower screening assembly are smaller than those of the upper screening assembly. The shell suction mechanism is located at the discharging end corresponding to the screening assembly, and the shell suction mechanism is arranged above the screening ship; the shell suction mechanisms are matched with the corresponding screening assemblies and used for winnowing and separating the material shells corresponding to the discharging ends of the screening assemblies. The invention is used for solving the existing technical problems. The screening device is used for solving the technical problems that an existing screening device cannot independently screen materials with different particle sizes, and the quality of the materials is not easy to control. The invention further discloses a shell and kernel separation method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of screening equipment technology, specifically relating to a shell-kernel separation device and a shell separation method. Background Technology

[0002] Commonly used animal meal (such as cottonseed meal) is a byproduct of the degreasing process and can be used in animal feed. To obtain high-protein meal, the raw materials need to undergo processes such as delinting, dehulling, screening, and degreasing. Screening removes the husks and impurities from the dehulled material, and the quality of the screening directly determines the quality of the meal. Currently, most products on the market use single-layer screens. Due to the limitations of the single-layer screen structure, the material is separated into two categories: oversize (large impurities and large kernels) and undersize (medium kernels, medium impurities, small kernels, small impurities, and powder). The husks and impurities are then removed by suction. When too much material is fed, the material thickness becomes too thick, resulting in poor husk and kernel separation. The husks and kernels mix together. To reduce the husk content in the kernels, increasing the airflow will suck up both the husks and kernels, resulting in a high kernel content in the husks and wasting material. Conversely, reducing the airflow will not remove most of the husks, resulting in a low protein content in the meal.

[0003] Using a single-layer sieve will cause instability in the shell content of the kernel, requiring constant manual adjustment of the damper, which increases the labor intensity. On-site judgment of whether the shell content of the kernel meets the requirements depends entirely on the experience of the on-site personnel, which places high demands on them. To obtain high-protein meal and high yield, engineering projects typically employ two or more single-layer screens for screening and increase the number of single-layer screens in each stage to ensure screening effectiveness. However, adopting the above approach increases the difficulty and cost of process layout.

[0004] Common screening methods include using single-layer vibration and rotary cleaning for screening.

[0005] Among them, the single-layer vibration mode is the most common single-layer vibrating screen. The equipment has only one layer of screen. After the material is classified, two types of material are generated: oversize material and undersize material. Each is equipped with an air screen to perform air separation of the material. This single-layer vibrating screen has a simple structure and low cost, but the classification and air separation effects are poor, and the quality of the meal protein is not easy to control.

[0006] Rotary cleaning methods mainly use rotary cleaning screens. This type of device is equipped with one or two screens to classify materials. However, the air separator can only process the first layer of material. The second or third layer of material cannot be air separated. In addition, the equipment has a complex structure, is difficult to operate, and the air separator is not easy to control. Large impurities and undersize materials contain a lot of waste.

[0007] The screening methods of the two screening devices mentioned above cannot achieve individual screening of materials with different particle sizes, and the quality of the materials is not easy to control, either the shell contains a high proportion of kernel or the kernel contains a high proportion of shell. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The first objective of this invention is to provide a shell-kernel separation device to solve the technical problem that existing screening devices cannot individually screen materials of different particle sizes, making it difficult to control the quality of the materials.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a shell-kernel separation device, characterized in that it includes: A vibration grading and screening mechanism includes a screening boat and at least two screening components arranged vertically within the screening boat; the screen aperture of the lower screening component is smaller than that of the upper screening component. A suction shell mechanism is located at the discharge end of the corresponding screening component, and the suction shell mechanism is arranged above the screen boat; the suction shell mechanism cooperates with the corresponding screening component to separate the material shell at the discharge end of the corresponding screening component by air separation.

[0010] This invention is mainly for grading and air separation of shelled materials, using a vibration cleaning method that combines air and sieve. It sets up two or more sieve plates, and the sieve holes can be configured according to needs from top to bottom. Each sieve plate is equipped with a separate air intake, which uses the density difference to suck away the shells that accumulate at the tail of the sieve plate. The kernels are discharged from the end of the sieve body, which can separate the shells from the kernels, and the shell and kernel content can be adjusted according to production needs.

[0011] To address the technical problems of how to implement the suction mechanism and how to adjust the air intake, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, wherein the suction mechanism includes: The suction duct assembly is mounted on the frame via a suction mounting bracket; The first air volume regulating component is located at the upper part of the air intake pipe and is used to regulate the air intake volume of the air intake pipe component.

[0012] To address the technical problem of how the first airflow regulating component is implemented, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the first airflow regulating component is a regulating damper, comprising: The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the air intake pipe assembly; The first adjusting air plate is disposed on the rotating shaft inside the air intake pipe assembly, and the end of the rotating shaft extends out of the air intake pipe assembly and is connected to a rotating handle.

[0013] To address the technical problem of adjusting the airflow speed under a fixed airflow volume, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the suction shell mechanism further includes a second airflow adjustment component, which is disposed inside the end of the suction pipe component that cooperates with the screening component, for adjusting the airflow speed of the suction pipe component.

[0014] To address the technical problem of how to implement the second airflow regulating component, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, wherein the second airflow regulating component includes: An adjustable air baffle assembly is movably mounted on the suction pipe assembly, and the adjustable air baffle assembly is used to adjust the cross-sectional area of ​​the suction pipe assembly; A first adjusting screw is mounted on the suction pipe assembly via a first mounting base. The movable end of the first adjusting screw extends into the suction pipe assembly and is movably connected to the adjusting air plate. A first adjusting nut and a second adjusting nut are respectively provided on the first adjusting screw on both sides of the first mounting base.

[0015] To solve the technical problem of how to implement the regulating air plate assembly, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the regulating air plate assembly includes a plurality of second regulating air plates arranged sequentially along the width direction of the screening assembly; the second regulating air plates are movably disposed on the suction pipe assembly; and the second regulating air plates cooperate with the corresponding first regulating screw. An elastic connector is provided between the second regulating air vanes to prevent air leakage.

[0016] To address the technical challenge of ensuring effective suction when the material layer thickness is inconsistent, this invention employs the following technical solution: a lifting assembly is installed on the suction pipe to adjust its height, adapting to different material layer thicknesses on the corresponding screening assembly.

[0017] To address the technical problem of how the lifting assembly is implemented, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, wherein the lifting assembly comprises: A fixing block is fixedly attached to the suction mounting bracket; An air intake fixing plate is mounted on the corresponding air intake pipe assembly; The second adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the fixed block, and the lower end of the second adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the suction port fixing plate; the upper end of the second adjusting screw is provided with an adjusting handle. To solve the technical problem of unsatisfactory suction effect when the material layer thickness of the uppermost screening component is high, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: at least two suction mechanisms are provided at the discharge end of the uppermost screening component along the material screening direction.

[0018] To solve the technical problem of uneven feeding on the screening vessel, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a feeding component is installed on the screening vessel, and the feeding component is connected to the feeding mechanism; the feeding mechanism includes a feeding roller and a feeding adjustment plate, which are used to control the material flow, feed the material evenly, and ensure that the material is evenly distributed on the uppermost screening component.

[0019] To solve the technical problem of material confusion between different particle size grading outlets on the bottom plate of the screening vessel, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the bottom of the screening vessel is provided with outlets for different material grading in sequence along the material movement direction, and a material separation baffle is provided between adjacent outlets.

[0020] To solve the technical problem of how the screening component discharges material, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: discharge chutes are provided on both sides of the discharge end of the screening component, and the discharge chutes are connected to the discharge ports of the corresponding grades via corresponding discharge pipes. The tail end of the screening component at the bottom is directly connected to the discharge port of the corresponding grade.

[0021] To solve the technical problem of how to implement the screening boat, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the screening boat is equipped with a vibration component; The screening boat is mounted on the frame via an elastic support assembly; The discharge end of the lower screening component extends beyond the discharge end of the upper screening component and is equipped with a corresponding suction shell mechanism.

[0022] To solve the technical problems of air volume source and dust removal in the suction mechanism, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the suction mechanism further includes a suction fan, and the suction pipe assembly is connected to the suction fan via a dust removal mechanism; the dust removal mechanism is provided with a compressed air inlet.

[0023] A second objective of this invention is to provide a method for separating the kernel from the shell, achieved using the kernel separation apparatus described in any of the preceding claims.

[0024] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, wherein the method includes: Shelled materials are shelled using a toothed roller shelling machine; The shelled material enters the shell-kernel separation device for grading and screening, including: The shelled mixture is evenly spread to the top screening component through the bottom outlet and feed component of the feeding mechanism; When the vibrating component works, it causes the shelled mixture to move toward the discharge end of the screening component. During the movement, materials smaller than the screen aperture of the screening component will fall to the lower screening component for grading. During the vibration process, the shell and kernel of the material on the screen plate of each screening component have different densities and will be separated into layers, with the shell on top and the kernel on the bottom. Using the suction pipe assembly on each layer of the screening assembly, the shells of different particle sizes on the corresponding layer of the screening assembly are sucked away; Kernels of different sizes on each screening component enter the corresponding large kernel outlet, medium kernel outlet, and small kernel outlet through the discharge chute at the discharge end of the corresponding screening component. The powder obtained by screening the bottom screening component directly enters the powder outlet at the bottom of the screening boat component through the discharge end of the screening component, thus realizing the separation of shell and kernel.

[0025] To further improve the technical solution of the present invention, the material after shelling is coarsely screened by a stepped screen to remove the outer shell of the material; The material discharged from the stepped screen enters the shell-kernel separation device for grading and screening. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view of the kernel-shell separation device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the interior of the kernel-shell separation device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3a This is a cross-section of the material flow direction and airflow direction of the present invention. Figure 1 Where: red arrows indicate the direction of material flow; green arrows indicate the direction of airflow; Figure 3b This is a cross-section of the material flow direction and airflow direction of the present invention. Figure 2 Where: red arrows indicate the direction of material flow; green arrows indicate the direction of airflow; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge chute of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom plate of the sieve ship according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration grading and screening mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7a This diagram illustrates the flow direction of the material in the discharge chute and the material inlet of the screen ship's bottom plate. Figure 1 ; Figure 7b This diagram illustrates the flow direction of the material in the discharge chute and the material inlet of the screen ship's bottom plate. Figure 2 ; Figure 8a This is a cross-sectional view of the feeding structure of the present invention; Figure 8b This is a side view of the feeding structure of the present invention; Figure 9a This is a cross-sectional view of the material inlet for grading different particle sizes on the bottom plate of the sieve boat of the present invention; Figure 9b This is a top view of the material inlet for grading different particle sizes on the bottom plate of the sieve boat of the present invention; Figure 9c This is a side view of the material inlet for grading different particle sizes on the bottom plate of the sieve boat of the present invention; Figure 10a This is a front view of the suction mechanism of the present invention (single-layer screening component). Figure 10b This is a side view of the suction mechanism of the present invention (single-layer screening component). Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the lifting assembly of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a process layout diagram of the present invention; In the picture: 10. Shell and kernel separation device; 100 Vibrating grading and screening mechanism; 110 Frame; 120 Screen boat assembly; 121 Screen boat; 122 Screen boat bottom plate; 1221 Powder outlet; 1222 Large kernel outlet; 1223 Medium kernel outlet; 1224 Small kernel outlet; 123 Screen boat top plate; 1241 First discharge chute; 1242 Second discharge chute; 1251 First distribution baffle; 1252 Second distribution baffle; 1253 Third distribution baffle; 1261 First discharge chute; 1262 Second discharge chute; 130 Screening assembly; 131 Upper screening assembly; 1311 Upper screen frame; 1312 Screen plate; 1313 Rubber ball; 132 Middle screening assembly; 133 Lower screening assembly; 140 Vibration assembly; 150 Elastic support assembly; 200 Suction shell mechanism; 210 Suction pipe assembly; 211 First suction pipe assembly; 212 Second suction pipe assembly; 213 Third suction pipe assembly; 214 Fourth suction pipe assembly; 220 First airflow regulating component; 221 Rotary shaft; 222 First regulating vane; 223 Rotary handle; 230 Second airflow regulating component; 231 Regulating vane assembly; 2310 Second regulating vane; 2311 Elastic connector; 2312 Connecting plate; 232 First adjusting screw; 233 First mounting base; 234 First adjusting nut; 235 Second adjusting nut; 236 Hinge; 240 Lifting assembly; 241 Second adjusting screw; 242 Air intake fixing plate; 243 Adjusting handle; 244 Pad; 245 Key; 246 Screw; 247 Fixing block; 250 suction fan; 260 dust removal mechanism; 270 airlock; 280 suction mounting bracket; 300 feeding mechanism; 400 feeding assembly; 500 flexible connection; 20-tooth roller shelling machine; 30-step screen. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The invention will be further described below with reference to the figures.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the shell-kernel separation device 10 includes a vibration grading and screening mechanism 100 and a shell suction mechanism 200.

[0031] The vibration grading and screening mechanism 100 includes a frame 110, a screening boat assembly 120, and a screening assembly 130. The screening boat assembly 120 is mounted on the frame 110 via an elastic support assembly 150.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the screening boat assembly 120 includes a screening boat 121, a screening boat bottom plate 122, and a screening boat top plate 123.

[0033] The screening vessel 121 is equipped with at least two screening components 120 arranged vertically. The screen aperture of the lower screening component is smaller than that of the upper screening component.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the screening vessel 121 is equipped with three screening components 130, including an upper screening component 131, a middle screening component 132, and a lower screening component 133. The number of screening components 130 is not limited to three; it can be two, four, or more. The screen aperture of the middle screening component 132 is smaller than that of the upper screening component 131. The screen aperture of the lower screening component 133 is smaller than that of the middle screening component 132.

[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, the upper screening component 131 includes an upper screen frame 1311, a perforated screen plate 1312, and rubber balls 1313. The perforated screen plate 1312 is a perforated plate, and the rubber balls 1313 inside the upper screen frame 1311 will bounce up and down due to the vibration of the vibration component 140, which will shake off the material stuck in the screen holes, thereby achieving the effect of self-cleaning the screen surface.

[0036] The middle screening component 132, the lower screening component 133 and the upper screening component 131 have the same structure.

[0037] like Figure 3a As shown, the discharge end of the lower screening component extends beyond the discharge end of the upper screening component and is equipped with a corresponding suction shell mechanism 200. Specifically, the tail end (discharge end) of the middle screening component 132 extends beyond the tail end (discharge end) of the upper screening component 131, and the tail end (discharge end) of the lower screening component 133 extends beyond the tail end (discharge end) of the middle screening component 132, and is equipped with a corresponding suction shell mechanism 200.

[0038] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a feeding assembly 400 is installed on the screening vessel 121, and the feeding assembly 400 is connected to the feeding mechanism 300; as Figure 8a , 8b As shown, the feeding mechanism 300 includes a feeding roller 310 and a feed regulating plate 320, used to control the material flow, feed evenly, and ensure that the material is evenly distributed on the uppermost screening component. The feed regulating plate 320 is preferably an arc-shaped plate. Preferably, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, a flexible connection 500 is provided between the feeding assembly 400 and the feeding mechanism 300.

[0039] In one embodiment, discharge ports for different material grades are sequentially arranged on the top plate 123 of the screen vessel along the material movement direction, and material dividing baffles are provided between adjacent discharge ports. Specifically, such as... Figure 5As shown, the discharge ports for different material classifications include powder outlet 1221, large kernel outlet 1222, medium kernel outlet 1223, and small kernel outlet 1224. A first material distribution baffle 1251 is installed on the bottom plate 122 of the screen boat between powder outlet 1221 and large kernel outlet 1222; a second material distribution baffle 1252 is installed on the bottom plate 122 of the screen boat between large kernel outlet 1222 and medium kernel outlet 1223; and a third material distribution baffle 1253 is installed on the bottom plate 122 of the screen boat between medium kernel outlet 1223 and small kernel outlet 1224.

[0040] In one embodiment, discharge chutes are provided on both sides of the discharge end of the upper screening component, and the discharge chutes are connected to the discharge ports of the corresponding grades; the tail end of the lowermost screening component is directly connected to the discharge port of the corresponding grade. Specifically, as shown... Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 7a , Figure 7b , Figure 9a , Figure 9c As shown, the upper screening component 131 has first discharge chutes 1261 on both sides of its discharge end, and the first discharge chutes 1261 are connected to the large kernel outlet 1222 via the first discharge chute 1241. The middle screening component 132 has second discharge chutes 1262 on both sides of its discharge end, and the second discharge chutes 1262 are connected to the middle kernel outlet 1223 via the second discharge chute 1242.

[0041] The tail end of the lower screening component 133 is directly connected to the powder outlet 1221.

[0042] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a vibration assembly 140 is installed on the screening vessel 121. The discharge end of the lower screening assembly extends beyond the discharge end of the upper screening assembly and is equipped with a corresponding suction shell mechanism.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the suction shell mechanism 200 is located at the discharge end of the corresponding screening component 120 and is mounted on the screen boat 121. The suction shell mechanism 200 cooperates with the corresponding screening component 120 to separate the material shell at the discharge end of the corresponding screening component by air separation.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 10b As shown, the suction shell mechanism includes a suction pipe assembly 210 and a first air volume adjustment assembly 220, which is located at the upper part of the suction pipe and is used to adjust the air intake volume of the suction pipe assembly.

[0045] A suction mounting bracket is provided on one side of the frame 110 for mounting the suction pipe assembly 210.

[0046] In one embodiment, the first airflow regulating component 220 is an regulating damper, including a rotating shaft 221, a first regulating air plate 222, and a rotating handle 223. The rotating shaft 221 is rotatably mounted on the suction pipe assembly 210; the first regulating air plate 222 is mounted on the rotating shaft 221 inside the suction pipe assembly 210, and the end of the rotating shaft 221 extends out of the suction pipe assembly 210 and is connected to the rotating handle 223.

[0047] In one embodiment, such as Figure 10a As shown, the suction shell mechanism also includes a second air volume adjustment component 230, which is disposed in the end of the suction pipe assembly 210 that cooperates with the screening component 120, and is used to adjust the air speed of the suction pipe assembly 210.

[0048] In one embodiment, the second airflow regulating component 230 includes an regulating vane assembly 231, a first regulating screw 232, a first mounting base 233, a first regulating nut 234, and a second regulating nut 235.

[0049] An adjusting air vane assembly 231 is movably mounted on the suction pipe assembly and is used to adjust the cross-sectional area of ​​the suction pipe assembly. In one embodiment, the adjusting air vane assembly 231 includes a plurality of second adjusting air vanes 2310 arranged sequentially along the width direction of the screening assembly. The second adjusting air vanes 2310 are movably mounted on the suction pipe assembly 210 and cooperate with corresponding first adjusting screws 232. Preferably, the second adjusting air vanes 2310 are mounted on the suction pipe assembly 210 via hinges 236.

[0050] In one embodiment, an elastic connector 2311 is provided between the second regulating air plates 310 via a connecting plate 2312 to prevent air leakage.

[0051] The first adjusting screw 232 is mounted on the suction pipe assembly 210 via the first mounting base 233. The movable end of the first adjusting screw 232 extends into the suction pipe assembly 210 and is movably connected to the adjusting air plate assembly 231. The first adjusting screw on both sides of the first mounting base 233 is respectively provided with a first adjusting nut 234 and a second adjusting nut 235.

[0052] Each air intake is equipped with a first airflow regulating component and a second airflow regulating component. The first airflow regulating component adjusts the amount of air entering the system. It also adjusts the gap between the air vane and the air duct; a smaller gap results in a higher air velocity, suitable for low-volume production, while a larger gap is suitable for high-volume production. The first airflow regulating component employs an adjustable damper structure, consisting of a rotating handle and a first adjusting air vane. Rotating the handle controls the opening of the first adjusting air vane, thus regulating the amount of air entering the system.

[0053] The second airflow regulating component adopts an adjustable damper structure, consisting of an adjusting air plate assembly, first and second adjusting nuts, a first adjusting screw, and hinges. The adjusting air plate assembly is composed of multiple second adjusting air plates spliced ​​together. This embodiment provides five second adjusting air plates, each fixed to a separate hinge and equipped with a first adjusting screw, allowing for individual adjustment of the air plate opening. The first adjusting screw is located on the second adjusting air plate, and the opening of the second adjusting air plate is controlled by rotating the first or second adjusting nut. A flexible connection exists between two second adjusting air plates, which are fixed to the second adjusting air plates via a connecting plate to prevent air leakage. Since the shell and kernel content and material layer thickness vary at different locations along the width of the screen surface, multiple adjustable second adjusting air plates are provided to adjust the airflow at different locations, achieving optimal suction effect.

[0054] In one embodiment, a lifting component 240 is provided on the suction pipe assembly 210 to adjust the height of the suction pipe assembly to accommodate different material layer thicknesses on the corresponding screening component. Specifically, as shown... Figure 10b , Figure 11 As shown, the lifting assembly 240 includes a second adjusting screw 241, an air inlet fixing plate 242, an adjusting handle 243, and a fixing block 247. The fixing block 247 is fixedly connected to the air inlet mounting bracket 280. The air inlet fixing plate 242 is mounted on the corresponding air inlet pipe assembly 210. The second adjusting screw 241 is threadedly connected to the fixing block 247, and the lower end of the second adjusting screw 241 is threadedly connected to the air inlet fixing plate 242; the upper end of the second adjusting screw 241 is provided with an adjusting handle 233 via a pad 244, a key 245, and a screw 246.

[0055] Specifically, the height of the suction pipe assembly is adjusted by the lifting assembly 240. The fixing block 247 is welded to the suction port fixing plate 242. The fixing block 247 has an internal thread, and the thread size matches the external thread of the second adjusting screw 241. The second adjusting screw 241 and the adjusting handle 233 are connected by a key, a pad, and a fixing bolt. The height of the suction port is adjusted by rotating the adjusting handle.

[0056] In one embodiment, at least two suction shell mechanisms 200 are provided at the discharge end of the uppermost screening component along the material screening direction. Specifically, at least two suction pipe assemblies, including a first suction pipe assembly 211 and a second suction pipe assembly 212, are provided at the discharge end of the upper screening component 121 along the material screening direction. A third suction pipe assembly 213 is provided at the discharge end of the middle screening component 122. A fourth suction pipe assembly 214 is provided at the discharge end of the lower screening component 123.

[0057] In one embodiment, such as Figure 12As shown, the shell suction mechanism 200 also includes a shell suction fan 250, and the suction pipe assembly 210 is connected to the shell suction fan 250 via a dust removal mechanism 260; the dust removal mechanism 250 is provided with a compressed air inlet. The dust removal mechanism 250 is connected to the stepped screen 30 via an airlock 270. The discharge port of the stepped screen 30 is connected to the feeding mechanism 300 of the shell and kernel separation device 10. The inlet of the stepped screen 30 is connected to the discharge port of the toothed roller sheller 20.

[0058] Example 2 The shell-kernel separation method is implemented using the shell-kernel separation device 10 of any one of Examples 1.

[0059] Specifically, such as Figure 12 As shown, the method for separating the shell and kernel includes: The shelled material is shelled by the toothed roller shelling machine 20; After shelling, the material enters a shell-kernel separation device for grading and screening, including: The shelled mixture is evenly spread to the top screening component through the bottom outlet and feed component of the feeding mechanism; When the vibrating component works, it causes the shelled mixture to move toward the discharge end of the screening component. During the movement, materials smaller than the screen aperture of the screening component will fall to the lower screening component for grading. During the vibration process, the shell and kernel of the material on the screen plate of each screening component have different densities and will be separated into layers, with the shell on top and the kernel on the bottom. Using the suction pipe assembly on each layer of the screening assembly, the shells of different particle sizes on the corresponding layer of the screening assembly are sucked away; Kernels of different sizes on each screening component enter the corresponding large kernel outlet, medium kernel outlet, and small kernel outlet through the discharge chute at the discharge end of the corresponding screening component. The powder obtained by screening the bottom screening component directly enters the powder outlet at the bottom of the screening boat component through the discharge end of the screening component, thus realizing the separation of shell and kernel.

[0060] In one implementation, the shelled material is coarsely screened by a stepped screen to remove the outer shell; the output of the stepped screen enters the shell-kernel separation device for grading and screening.

[0061] As production increases, the angle of the screening components can be increased to meet customer demand. With increased production, the material layer thickens, requiring adjustment of the height of the suction pipe assembly relative to the screening components to prevent material blockage at the suction inlet. Conversely, the angle of the screening components and the height of the suction pipe assembly relative to the screening components should be reduced. This is because the height of the screening components relative to the suction pipe assembly changes with the angle. Simultaneously, the height of the suction pipe assembly relative to the screening components and the opening of the damper in the first airflow regulating component can also be adjusted to regulate the shell and kernel content.

[0062] like Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 4 , Figure 7a , Figure 7b , Figure 9a , Figure 9b As shown, the four corners of the screening boat 121 are fixed to the frame 110 by elastic support components 150. A feeding mechanism 300 is provided on the upper part of the screening boat 121. The shelled mixture enters the inlet of the feeding component 400 through the bottom outlet of the feeding mechanism 300. The feeding mechanism 300 and the feeding component 400 are connected by a flexible connection 500. The inner cavity of the screening boat 121 has an upper screen frame 131, a middle screen frame 132, and a lower screen frame 133 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The aperture of the screen plates fixed on the three screen frames decreases layer by layer. The mixture falls onto the upper screen frame 133. Two vibrating motors are symmetrically installed on both sides of the screening boat 121 to drive it, moving the mixture towards the stern of the screening boat 121. During this movement, materials smaller than the aperture of the screen plates fall to the lower layer, resulting in layer-by-layer grading. During vibration, the material on the screen plates separates into layers due to the different densities of the shells and kernels, with the shells on top and the kernels on the bottom. Each layer of screen frames is equipped with a separate suction pipe assembly at its stern. The material on the upper screen frame 131 consists of large shells and kernels, and the material layer is the thickest. To ensure the separation effect, two or more suction channels can be configured. The first screen is short, so the first suction port is relatively high to improve the separation effect, while the second is relatively low. This is because there are many large shells on the first screen, so the first suction port is set to remove the shells that are classified first. As screening continues, the second suction port continues to remove the shells that are classified later. The lower suction port is located above the screen frame. The first suction pipe assembly 211 and the second suction pipe assembly 212 are located above the upper screen frame 13, the third suction pipe assembly 213 is located above the middle screen frame 132, and the third suction pipe assembly 214 is located above the lower screen frame 133. The height of the three suction ports relative to the screen surface can be adjusted by adjusting the lifting assembly 240 according to the material on site. Each suction port is equipped with an individual first air volume adjustment assembly 220 to adjust the air volume. The upper screen frame 131 and the middle screen frame 132 are respectively provided with a first discharge chute 1261 and a second discharge chute 1262 at their tails. The chute 16 is a figure-eight shaped flow pipe. The discharge port extends to the first discharge chute 1261 and the second discharge chute 1262 on both sides of the screen boat to discharge the kernel. The lower screen frame 133 discharges the kernel at its rear end. After suction, four kinds of materials will be generated: large kernel on the screen surface of the upper screen frame 131, medium kernel on the screen surface of the middle screen frame 132, and small kernel on the screen surface of the lower screen frame 133. The powder will fall onto the bottom plate 122 of the screen boat through the screen holes of the lower screen frame 133. The bottom of the screening vessel 5 is equipped with a screening vessel bottom plate 122. At the tail of the screening vessel bottom plate 122 are respectively provided powder inlet 1221, large kernel inlet 1222, medium kernel inlet 1223, and small kernel inlet 1224. Large kernels flow to large kernel inlet 1222, medium kernels flow to medium kernel inlet 1223, small kernels flow to small kernel inlet 1224, and powder flows to powder inlet 1221. This achieves the effect of separating the shell from the kernel.

[0063] This invention's kernel-shell separation device employs multi-layer grading to achieve multi-layer air separation; the angle of the screening components is adjustable, suitable for different materials and outputs, ensuring separation effect; each screen frame is equipped with a separate discharge port, and the streamlined design inside the discharge port prevents material deposition and avoids cross-contamination, ensuring that each layer does not interfere with each other; each screening component can have one or more air inlets, the height of which is adjustable and equipped with independent up-and-down adjustable dampers (Figure 10), facilitating the adjustment of the air volume of each screen frame and achieving better separation effect; this invention utilizes a vibration component to automatically clean the screen surface; this invention has a wide range of applications and can be used in the cleaning and separation stages of different raw materials, such as: kernel-shell separation stage: cottonseed, sunflower seeds, etc. after shelling; and also for cleaning raw grain stage: light impurities such as bran and straw in raw grain.

[0064] Shells can vary in size, and smaller shells may pass through the upper screen. In traditional screening methods, these smaller shells can get mixed into the material. This invention utilizes the different sizes and weights of the residual material in each layer, matching different air separation suction forces to each layer. The upper layer can use a larger air separation suction force to reduce shell residue, thus achieving multi-layer grading and multi-layer air separation.

[0065] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical features and concepts of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and embodiments of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A kernel separating apparatus, characterized by, The application relates to a vibrating screening mechanism, which comprises a screening ship and at least two screening assemblies arranged in the screening ship. The screen mesh of the lower screening assembly is smaller than that of the upper screening assembly. The suction shell mechanism is arranged above the screening ship and cooperates with the corresponding screening assembly to separate the material shell at the discharge end of the corresponding screening assembly. The suction shell mechanism comprises:

2. The kernel separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The suction pipe assembly is arranged on the rack via the suction mounting rack. The first air volume adjusting assembly is arranged at the upper part of the suction pipe and is used for adjusting the air inlet volume of the suction pipe assembly. The first air volume adjusting assembly is an adjusting damper, which comprises:

3. The kernel separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the suction pipe assembly. The first adjusting air plate is arranged on the rotating shaft in the suction pipe assembly, and the end of the rotating shaft extends out of the suction pipe assembly and is connected with a rotating handle. The suction shell mechanism further comprises a second air volume adjusting assembly arranged in the end of the suction pipe assembly matched with the screening assembly, which is used for adjusting the air speed of the suction pipe assembly.

4. The kernel separating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The second air volume adjusting assembly comprises:

5. The kernel separating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein The adjusting air plate assembly is movably arranged on the suction pipe assembly, and is used for adjusting the cross-sectional area of the suction pipe assembly. The first adjusting screw is arranged on the suction pipe assembly via the first mounting seat, the movable end of the first adjusting screw extends into the suction pipe assembly and movably connects the adjusting air plate, and the first adjusting screw is provided with a first adjusting nut and a second adjusting nut on the two sides of the first mounting seat. The adjusting air plate assembly comprises a plurality of second adjusting air plates arranged in sequence along the width direction of the screening assembly, the second adjusting air plates are movably arranged on the suction pipe assembly, and the second adjusting air plates are matched with the corresponding first adjusting screws.

6. The kernel separating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein Elastic connecting pieces are arranged between the second adjusting air plates to prevent air leakage. A lifting assembly is arranged on the suction pipe to adjust the height of the suction pipe assembly to adapt to different material layer thicknesses of the corresponding screening assemblies.

7. The kernel separating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein The lifting assembly comprises:

8. The kernel separating apparatus according to claim 7, wherein The fixed block is fixedly connected to the suction mounting rack; The suction port fixed plate is arranged on the corresponding suction pipe assembly; The second adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the fixed block, and the lower end of the second adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the suction port fixed plate; and the upper end of the second adjusting screw is provided with an adjusting handle. At least two suction shell mechanisms are arranged at the discharge end of the uppermost screening assembly along the material screening direction.

9. The kernel separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein A feeding assembly is arranged on the screening ship, the feeding assembly is connected with the feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding roller and a feeding adjusting plate, which are used for controlling the material flow and uniformly feeding to ensure that the material is uniformly distributed on the uppermost screening assembly.

10. The kernel separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein Different material grading discharge ports are sequentially arranged on the screen bottom of the screening ship along the material movement direction, and material separating baffles are arranged between adjacent discharge ports.

11. The kernel separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein Discharge chutes are arranged at the two sides of the discharge end of the upper screening assembly, and the discharge chutes are connected with the corresponding grading discharge ports via corresponding discharge chute pipes.

12. The kernel separating apparatus according to claim 11, wherein ​ The tail end of the lowermost screen assembly is directly connected with the discharge port of the corresponding classification.

13. The kernel separating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The screen ship is provided with a vibration assembly. The screen ship is arranged on the frame via an elastic support assembly. The discharge end of the lower screen assembly extends beyond the discharge end of the upper screen assembly, and a corresponding shell suction mechanism is arranged.

14. The kernel separating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The shell suction mechanism further comprises a shell suction fan, and the air suction pipe assembly is connected with the shell suction fan via a dust removal mechanism.

15. A method of separating the kernel from the hull, characterized in that The method is implemented by using the kernel separation device according to any one of claims 1-14.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein The method comprises: The shelled material is subjected to shelling treatment by a toothed roller sheller. The shelled material is subjected to classification screening by the kernel separation device. The shelled material is uniformly distributed to the uppermost screen assembly via the bottom outlet of the feeding mechanism and the feeding assembly. The vibration assembly is operated to move the shelled material to the discharge end of the screen assembly, and in the process, the material smaller than the screen plate aperture of the screen assembly falls to the lower screen assembly for layer-by-layer classification. In the vibration process, the kernel separation material shells and kernels with different specific gravities on the screen plate of each screen assembly are separated, with the shells on top and the kernels on bottom. Different particle sizes of the kernels on each screen assembly are sucked away by the air suction pipe assembly on the corresponding screen assembly.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein Different particle sizes of the kernels on each screen assembly are discharged into the corresponding large kernel outlet, medium kernel outlet and small kernel outlet via the discharge chute at the discharge end of the corresponding screen assembly, and the powder material obtained by the lowermost screen assembly is directly discharged into the powder outlet at the bottom of the screen ship assembly via the discharge end of the screen assembly, thereby realizing kernel separation. The shelled material is subjected to coarse screening by a stepped screen to remove the material shells. The discharge of the stepped screen is subjected to classification screening by the kernel separation device.

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