Construction waste material sorting device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of construction waste material sorting, and discloses a construction waste material sorting device which comprises a shell, a roller assembly and a plurality of scattering plates, and is characterized in that a winnowing assembly is arranged outside the shell and comprises a blowing air blower at an inlet, a special-shaped nozzle and an elastic rubber pad; the elastic rubber pad is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the shell, a mounting opening is formed in one side of the elastic rubber pad, the nozzle is fixedly connected into the mounting opening, a through opening is formed in the inner wall of one side of the shell, and one end of the nozzle is located in the through opening. Through cooperative work of the air blower and the nozzle, the air strength and direction can be flexibly adjusted, accurate separation of materials with different densities is achieved, the materials are blown more dispersedly, the adsorption effect of the subsequent non-magnetic roller on metal is enhanced, meanwhile, the blowing angle of the nozzle is adjustable, flow guide measures are taken in the nozzle, the dispersion effect is ensured, and the service life of the non-magnetic roller is prolonged. And efficient separation of light substances is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction waste material sorting technology, specifically to a construction waste material sorting device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, construction waste materials are screened through sorting devices to separate common construction waste such as waste concrete fragments, scrap steel such as nails and wires, and lightweight materials such as soil, wood chips, and plastic sheets. This facilitates the separate processing of various materials and ensures efficient recycling.

[0003] Among them, Chinese patent with announcement number CN220329572U discloses an iron powder auxiliary recovery mechanism for a vertical mill waste slag treatment system. In the application of the above patent's technical solution, the built-in roller iron separator cannot adsorb the iron blocks in time and they will be thrown into the pit by the belt, which limits the iron removal effect. In addition, the iron separator is far away from the iron blocks covered by the thick material layer on the conveyor belt, resulting in insufficient adsorption force and difficulty in being adsorbed and separated by the roller iron separator. Therefore, this application proposes a new implementation scheme that is different from the material sorting device structure in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a construction waste material sorting device, mainly to solve the problem that iron blocks in the material sorting device are thrown into the pit by the conveyor belt before the built-in roller iron separator can absorb them in time.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A construction waste material sorting device includes a shell, a drum assembly, and multiple dispersing plates. The shell is characterized by an air-separation assembly on its exterior, comprising an inlet blower, a special-shaped nozzle, and an elastic rubber pad. The elastic rubber pad is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the shell. An installation port is provided on one side of the elastic rubber pad, and the nozzle is fixedly connected within the installation port. An opening is provided on one side of the inner wall of the shell, and one end of the nozzle is located within the opening. The blower and nozzle are connected by a rubber hose. Two support plates are fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the housing, and the nozzle is rotatably connected between the two support plates. The motor of the blower adopts frequency conversion speed regulation. The nozzle is conical, and an array of guide plates is provided inside the nozzle. The roller assembly includes a non-magnetic roller, a magnet bracket, a gear ring, a stepper motor, and a pinion. The angle between the magnet bracket and the center line of the non-magnetic roller is α. A sorting channel is provided inside the housing. An online gaussmeter is fixedly connected inside the housing and is located on the outer surface of the non-magnetic roller.

[0006] Furthermore, the outer side of the shell is provided with a feed inlet, a light material outlet, a magnetic metal outlet, and a non-metallic heavy particle outlet, and a dispersing plate is fixedly connected inside the feed inlet of the shell.

[0007] Furthermore, the non-magnetic roller is rotatably connected to one side of the inner wall of the housing, the magnet bracket is rotatably connected to the other side of the inner wall of the housing, the gear ring is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the magnet bracket, the stepper motor is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the housing, and the pinion is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the stepper motor, and the pinion meshes with the gear ring.

[0008] Furthermore, the roller assembly also includes a geared motor, multiple permanent magnets and a scraper. The magnet support has a semi-cylindrical structure, and multiple permanent magnets are evenly fixed on the cylindrical surface of the magnet support. The permanent magnets are covered by a cylindrical hollow non-magnetic roller. The geared motor is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the housing, and the drive shaft of the geared motor is connected to the shaft of the non-magnetic roller. The scraper is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing, and the end of the scraper is in contact with the outer surface of the non-magnetic roller.

[0009] Furthermore, the disintegration plate has a single-layer or multi-layer structure, with multiple disintegration plates arranged in a V-shape with staggered spacing, and the disintegration plate is a high-strength composite wear-resistant plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the air separation component also includes a drive motor, which is rotatably connected to one side of the outer wall of the housing. A threaded cylinder is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor, and an adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the inner surface of the threaded cylinder. One end of the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the bottom of the nozzle.

[0011] Furthermore, the non-magnetic roller is a non-metallic roller, a stainless steel roller, or a roller made of other non-magnetic materials.

[0012] Furthermore, an airlock valve is provided above both the magnetic metal outlet and the non-metallic heavy particle outlet, and the airlock valve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing.

[0013] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a construction waste material sorting device, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. By using the coordinated operation of the blower and nozzles, the airflow intensity and direction can be flexibly adjusted to achieve precise sorting of materials with different densities and to disperse the materials more effectively. This enhances the adsorption effect of the subsequent non-magnetic rollers on metals. At the same time, the nozzle's spray angle is adjustable, and the nozzle has internal flow guiding measures to ensure dispersion and achieve efficient separation of light materials.

[0014] 2. By designing an online gaussmeter, the magnetic field strength in the sorting channel can be monitored and adjusted based on the effect of magnetic metal separation, thus achieving closed-loop regulation. Furthermore, the addition of speed regulation for dispersing and stripping non-metallic materials and non-magnetic rollers ensures the separation effect of metals in construction waste.

[0015] 3. The design of multiple dispersing plates arranged in a V-shape with staggered spacing allows construction waste to be fully dispersed when it passes through the dispersing plates, effectively separating materials that were originally wrapped or stuck together, creating favorable conditions for subsequent air separation and ferromagnetic metal adsorption.

[0016] 4. The scraper can clean the residual material on the surface of the non-magnetic roller, thereby ensuring that the material on the outer surface of the non-magnetic roller falls off completely and reducing the residue of construction waste material in the equipment during processing.

[0017] 5. By integrating the functions of dispersing, air separation, and ferromagnetic metal adsorption into one device, the time loss and potential blockage problems of material transfer when multiple devices are connected in series are avoided, realizing continuous and efficient processing of construction waste. At the same time, the various functional areas within this device work closely together, and the process from material entry to completion of sorting is compact, which greatly shortens the overall processing time and can meet the needs of large-scale construction waste processing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional front view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the explosive separation structure of the drum assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the wind separator component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the right side of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional side view of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a block diagram of the closed-loop control logic for the magnetic field in the sorting area of ​​the present invention. Figure 8 This is a material flow diagram of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Elastic rubber pad; 3. Air separator assembly; 301. Nozzle; 302. Guide plate; 303. Rubber hose; 304. Blower; 305. Drive motor; 306. Threaded cylinder; 307. Adjusting screw; 4. Inlet; 5. Roller assembly; 501. Non-magnetic roller; 502. Gear motor; 503. Magnet support; 504. Permanent magnet; 505. Gear ring; 506. Stepper motor; 507. Pinion; 6. Dispersing plate; 7. Scraper; 8. Airlock valve; 9. Magnetic metal outlet; 10. Non-metallic heavy particle outlet; 11. Feed inlet; 12. Light material outlet; 13. Online gaussmeter; 14. Sorting channel. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Reference Figures 1-8 A construction waste material sorting device includes a shell 1, a roller assembly 5, and multiple dispersing plates 6. An air separation component 3 is provided on the exterior of the shell 1. The air separation component 3 includes an inlet blowing blower 304, a special nozzle 301, and an elastic rubber pad 2. The elastic rubber pad 2 is bonded to one side of the outer wall of the housing 1. An installation port is provided on one side of the elastic rubber pad 2, and the nozzle 301 is bonded to the installation port. An opening 4 is provided on one side of the inner wall of the housing 1, and one end of the nozzle 301 is located in the opening 4. The blower 304 and the nozzle 301 are connected by a rubber hose 303. Two support plates are fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the housing 1, and the nozzle 301 is rotatably connected between the two support plates. The motor of the blower 304 adopts frequency conversion speed regulation. It blows air into the housing 1 through the nozzle 301 to further disperse the material, and uses the remaining air power to transport the light material away from this sorting device. The nozzle 301 is conical to ensure uniform spraying. The spraying angle of the nozzle 301 is adjustable, and an array of guide plates 302 are provided inside the nozzle 301 to ensure that the air sprayed from the nozzle 301 is evenly distributed along the width direction of the nozzle 301, thus ensuring the dispersing effect of the sprayed air and the pneumatic conveying effect of lightweight materials. The air separation component 3 also includes a drive motor 305, which is rotatably connected to one side of the outer wall of the housing 1. The output end of the drive motor 305 is fixedly connected to a threaded cylinder 306. An adjusting screw 307 is threadedly connected to the inner surface of the threaded cylinder 306, and one end of the adjusting screw 307 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the nozzle 301. The blowing angle of the nozzle 301 can be adjusted according to the proportion of lightweight materials. By adjusting the length between one end of the nozzle 301 and the drive motor 305 through the drive motor 305, the threaded cylinder 306, and the adjusting screw 307, the angle of the nozzle 301 can be adjusted to adapt to construction waste materials with different proportions of lightweight materials.

[0022] Meanwhile, the roller assembly 5 includes a non-magnetic roller 501, a magnet support 503, a gear ring 505, a stepper motor 506, and a pinion 507. The total magnetic field strength generated by the roller assembly 5 is adjustable, and closed-loop adjustment is achieved based on the feedback control of the separation effect monitored by the metal detector on the subsequent conveyor belt. The angle between the center line of the magnet support 503 and the non-magnetic roller 501 is α. The stepper motor 506 drives the pinion 507 to rotate, which in turn drives the gear ring 505 fixed on the magnet support 503 to rotate, thereby changing the angle α. The housing 1 is provided with a sorting channel 14. An online gaussmeter 13 is fixed in the housing 1 by bolts, and the online gaussmeter 13 is located on the outer surface of the non-magnetic roller 501. The online gaussmeter 13 can monitor the magnetic field strength of the sorting area and give a quantitative value. The metal detector on the subsequent conveyor belt of non-metallic heavy particles monitors the degree of iron removal and provides feedback to adjust the angle α. The non-magnetic roller 501 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one side of the housing 1, the magnet bracket 503 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the other side of the housing 1, the gear ring 505 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the magnet bracket 503, the stepper motor 506 is fixed to the outer wall of one side of the housing 1 by bolts, the pinion 507 is keyed to the rotating shaft of the stepper motor 506, and the pinion 507 meshes with the gear ring 505; the roller assembly 5 also includes a geared motor 502, multiple permanent magnets 504 and a scraper 7, the magnet bracket 503 has a semi-cylindrical structure, and multiple permanent magnets 504 are evenly fixed on the cylindrical surface of the magnet bracket 503, and the permanent magnets 504 are covered by the cylindrical hollow non-magnetic roller 501; The geared motor 502 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the housing 1. The drive shaft of the geared motor 502 is connected to the shaft of the non-magnetic roller 501, so as to rotate the non-magnetic roller 501 along the axis. The scraper 7 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. The scraper 7 is made of wear-resistant steel, and the end of the scraper 7 contacts the outer surface of the non-magnetic roller 501 to clean the residual material on the surface of the roller.

[0023] Meanwhile, the outer side of the shell 1 is provided with a feed inlet 11, a light material outlet 12, a magnetic metal outlet 9 and a non-metallic heavy particle outlet 10, and the dispersing plate 6 is welded inside the feed inlet 11 of the shell 1.

[0024] The disintegration plate 6 has a single-layer or multi-layer structure. Multiple disintegration plates 6 are arranged in a V-shape with staggered spacing, and the disintegration plate 6 is a high-strength composite wear-resistant plate.

[0025] The non-magnetic roller 501 is a non-metallic roller, a stainless steel roller, or a roller made of other non-magnetic materials. The linear speed of the surface of the non-magnetic roller 501 is adjustable. Depending on the feed rate and the proportion of metal particles, its adjustment range is 0.1~2.5m / s. This is achieved through the frequency conversion speed regulation of the geared motor 502. When encountering large pieces of heavy metal, the speed is slowed down to achieve a better sorting effect.

[0026] An airlock valve 8 is provided above both the magnetic metal outlet 9 and the non-metallic heavy particle outlet 10. The airlock valve 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing 1. The airlock valve 8 is in the form of a rotary feeder or a counterweight valve, used to ensure the airlock effect inside the housing 1.

[0027] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: When in use, the operator installs this material sorting device on the ground support, and sets the non-metallic heavy particle conveyor belt and the magnetic metal conveyor belt below the non-metallic heavy particle outlet 10 and the magnetic metal outlet 9 of the housing 1, respectively. A metal detector is installed above the non-metallic heavy particle conveyor belt to monitor the degree of iron removal. Then, the light material conveying pipe is connected to the light material outlet 12. Then, the material sorting device is powered on. In this way, the installation of this material sorting device is completed. Subsequently, the operators sequentially started the blower 304, the geared motor 502, and the online gaussmeter 13. The construction waste material then entered the housing 1 through the inlet 11. As the construction waste passed through the dispersing plate 6, it was thoroughly dispersed, effectively separating previously bound or adhered materials, creating favorable conditions for subsequent air separation and ferromagnetic metal adsorption. Next, the air from the blower 304 was ejected through the nozzle 301 along the rubber hose 303, blowing the lighter materials in the construction waste towards the light material outlet 12, where they were discharged through the light material conveying pipe. The remaining waste then landed on the outer surface of the non-magnetic roller 501, and the geared motor 502 drove the non-magnetic roller 501 to rotate clockwise, while the remaining waste... Magnetic metals such as iron sheets and nails are attracted to the outer surface of the non-magnetic roller 501 by the permanent magnet 504. The remaining non-metallic heavy particles such as soil and concrete blocks pass through the sorting channel 14, through the airlock valve 8, and are discharged from the non-metallic heavy particle outlet 10, falling onto the non-metallic heavy particle conveyor belt and being transported away. The magnetic metals on the non-magnetic roller 501 will fall off the non-magnetic roller 501 after passing the attraction range of the permanent magnet 504. The scraper 7 can clean the residual material on the surface of the non-magnetic roller 501. These magnetic metals are discharged from the magnetic metal outlet 9 through another airlock valve 8 and fall onto the magnetic metal conveyor belt and are transported away. In this way, the sorting of construction waste materials by this sorting device is completed. Meanwhile, operators can adjust the height of one end of the nozzle 301 by driving the motor 305, adjusting the screw 307 and the threaded cylinder 306, thereby adjusting the blowing angle of the material. The blowing angle of the nozzle 301 can also be adjusted according to the proportion of lightweight materials to accommodate construction waste materials with different proportions of lightweight materials. Secondly, the linear speed of the non-magnetic roller 501 in this sorting device is adjustable, ranging from 0.1 to 2.5 m / s depending on the feed rate and the proportion of metal particles. This is achieved through frequency conversion speed regulation of the reduction motor 502. When encountering large pieces of heavy metal, the speed is slowed down to achieve better sorting results. Then, the stepper motor 506 drives the pinion 507 to rotate, causing the gear ring 505 fixed on the magnet bracket 503 to rotate, thus changing the α angle. Simultaneously, the online gaussmeter 13 monitors the magnetic field strength in the sorting area and provides a quantitative value. The metal detector on the subsequent non-metallic heavy particle conveyor belt monitors the degree of iron removal and provides feedback to adjust the α angle, thereby adjusting the total magnetic field strength within the sorting channel 14.

[0028] All electrical components mentioned in this article are connected to an external main controller and 220V AC mains power, and the main controller can be a conventional known device such as a computer that can control it.

[0029] In the description herein, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A construction and demolition waste material sorting apparatus comprising a housing (1), a drum assembly (5) and a plurality of breaker plates (6), characterised in that: The shell (1) is externally provided with a winnowing assembly (3), which comprises an inlet blowing fan (304), a special nozzle (301) and an elastic rubber pad (2) fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the shell (1), one side of the elastic rubber pad (2) is provided with a mounting port, and the nozzle (301) is fixedly connected in the mounting port, one side of the inner wall of the shell (1) is provided with a through port (4), and one end of the nozzle (301) is located in the through port (4); The blowing fan (304) and the nozzle (301) are connected through a rubber hose (303), two supporting plates are fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the shell (1), and the nozzle (301) is rotatably connected between the two supporting plates, and the motor of the blowing fan (304) adopts a variable frequency speed regulation; the nozzle (301) is conical, and an array of guide vanes (302) is arranged in the nozzle (301). The drum assembly (5) comprises a non-magnetic drum (501), a magnet support (503), a gear ring (505), a stepping motor (506) and a pinion (507), the included angle between the magnet support (503) and the center line of the non-magnetic drum (501) is α, the shell (1) is internally provided with a sorting channel (14), an online gauss meter (13) is fixedly connected in the shell (1), and the online gauss meter (13) is located on the outer surface of the non-magnetic drum (501).

2. A construction and demolition material sorting device according to claim 1, characterised in that: The shell (1) is externally provided with an inlet (11), a light substance outlet (12), a magnetic metal outlet (9) and a non-metal heavy particle outlet (10), and the dispersing plate (6) is fixedly connected in the inlet (11) of the shell (1).

3. A construction and demolition material sorting device according to claim 2, wherein: The non-magnetic drum (501) is rotatably connected to one side of the inner wall of the shell (1), the magnet support (503) is rotatably connected to the other side of the inner wall of the shell (1), the gear ring (505) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the magnet support (503), the stepping motor (506) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the shell (1), and the pinion (507) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the stepping motor (506), and the pinion (507) is engaged with the gear ring (505).

4. A construction and demolition material sorting device according to claim 3, wherein: The drum assembly (5) further comprises a reduction motor (502), a plurality of permanent magnets (504) and a scraping plate (7), the magnet support (503) is in a semi-cylindrical structure, the plurality of permanent magnets (504) are fixedly arranged on the cylindrical surface of the magnet support (503), and the permanent magnets (504) are covered by the non-magnetic drum (501) with a cylindrical inner space; the reduction motor (502) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the shell (1), and the driving shaft of the reduction motor (502) is connected with the shaft of the non-magnetic drum (501); The scraping plate (7) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (1), and the end of the scraping plate (7) is in contact with the outer surface of the non-magnetic drum (501).

5. A construction and demolition material sorting device according to claim 4, wherein: The dispersing plate (6) is in a single-layer or multi-layer structure, a plurality of dispersing plates (6) are arranged in a V-shaped shape with staggered intervals, and the dispersing plate (6) is a high-strength composite wear-resistant plate.

6. A construction and demolition material sorting device according to claim 5, wherein: The winnowing assembly (3) further comprises a driving motor (305) rotatably connected to one side outer wall of the shell (1), an output end of the driving motor (305) is fixedly connected with a threaded cylinder (306), an inner surface of the threaded cylinder (306) is threadedly connected with an adjusting screw rod (307), and one end of the adjusting screw rod (307) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the nozzle (301).

7. A construction and demolition material sorting device according to claim 6, wherein: The non-magnetic roller (501) is a non-metal roller, a stainless steel roller or a roller made of other non-magnetic material.

8. A construction and demolition material sorting device according to claim 7, wherein: Lock air valves (8) are arranged above the magnetic metal outlet (9) and the non-metal heavy particle outlet (10), and the lock air valves (8) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell (1).

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