Hollow open shaft sorting and feeding method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tools and jigs, and discloses a hollow open shaft sorting and feeding method which comprises the following operation steps that (1) a material distribution disc is provided, a material distribution channel is arranged, and hollow open shafts are arranged in the material distribution channel; a material pushing channel and a material pushing plate are arranged on the material distributing disc; (2) the material pushing plate retreats from the material pushing channel, the multiple hollow open shafts in the material distributing channel enter the material pushing channel, and a material loading cylinder is connected to the material distributing disc; (3) pushing the hollow open shaft in the pushing channel into the loading channel by a pushing plate; (4) the charging barrel is connected to a base, and a feeding channel is formed in the base; a feeding shaft is arranged on the outer side of the base; the method comprises the steps of (1) feeding a hollow open shaft into a feeding channel, (2) discharging the feeding shaft out of the feeding channel and enabling the hollow open shaft in a loading cavity to fall into the feeding channel, (3) inserting the feeding shaft into the feeding channel and pushing the single hollow open shaft out of the feeding channel, and (4) repeating the operation step (5) and the operation step (6) until the feeding operation is completed, manual intervention is reduced in the whole sorting and feeding process, and the requirement for efficient and continuous sorting and feeding is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of tooling and fixtures, and more specifically, to a method for sorting and feeding hollow open shafts. Background Technology

[0002] In assembly and processing, hollow open shafts are mainly used as hinges to connect two parts (components) to achieve the connection between the parts. The hollow and open design of the hollow open shaft gives the hinge greater elasticity and assembly flexibility, and can better adapt to holes with different small deformations.

[0003] However, due to its unique structural design, when multiple hollow open shafts are stacked, they are prone to nesting and jamming, which can cause difficulties in separation, disordered arrangement and misalignment during sorting and feeding, making it difficult for its sorting and feeding efficiency to meet the needs of modern high-efficiency production.

[0004] In existing technologies, the main sorting methods include manual sorting and sorting using equipment such as vibratory feeders or conveyor belts. Manual sorting is time-consuming, labor-intensive, prone to errors, and difficult to achieve continuous and batch sorting. Vibratory feeders and conveyor belts, when facing hollow open shafts, cannot accurately control their axial alignment and conveying path due to their special structure, which can easily lead to parts jamming, misalignment, and other phenomena, and may even require frequent manual intervention, making it difficult to achieve efficient sorting.

[0005] Moreover, in the existing technology, the width of the feeding channel does not match the size of the hollow open shaft in the feeding process: if it is too wide, it will easily cause multiple hollow open shafts to pile up, and if it is too narrow, it will easily cause jamming, making it impossible to feed smoothly one by one, thus making it impossible to achieve efficient and stable feeding. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for sorting and feeding hollow open shafts, which aims to solve the problem of low sorting and feeding efficiency of hollow open shafts in the prior art.

[0007] This invention is implemented as follows: a hollow open shaft sorting and feeding method, comprising the following operational steps: 1) Provide a material distribution tray, which has multiple longitudinally arranged parallel material distribution channels, and multiple hollow open shafts are arranged longitudinally in the material distribution channels. The hollow open shafts are enclosed to form a shaft cavity. The side of the hollow open shaft has a hollowed-out opening groove. The shaft cavity is connected to the outside through the opening groove. The material distribution tray is provided with a pusher channel, which is connected to the ends of multiple material distribution channels and is arranged perpendicular to the material distribution channels; the pusher channel is provided with a movable pusher plate. 2) The pusher plate exits the pusher channel, and multiple hollow open shafts in the distribution channel enter the pusher channel. The multiple hollow open shafts are arranged in parallel in the pusher channel. A loading cylinder is connected to the distribution plate. The loading cylinder has a loading channel, and the loading channel is aligned and connected to the pusher channel. 3) The pusher plate pushes the pusher channel, pushing multiple hollow open shafts in the pusher channel into the loading channel, realizing the sorting operation of multiple hollow open shafts. The multiple hollow open shafts are arranged in parallel in the loading channel. 4) Connect the loading cylinder to the base. The base has a loading channel with a top opening. The loading channel and the loading channel are aligned and connected vertically. The width of the loading channel is greater than the diameter of the hollow open shaft and less than the sum of the diameters of the two hollow open shafts. The outer side of the base has a loading shaft, which is aligned with the loading channel. 5) The feeding shaft exits the feeding channel, and the hollow open shaft in the loading chamber falls into the feeding channel; 6) The feeding shaft is inserted into the feeding channel, and a single hollow open shaft in the feeding channel is pushed out of the feeding channel to realize the feeding operation of the hollow open shaft; 7) Repeat steps 5) and 6) until the feeding operation of multiple hollow open shafts in the loading cylinder is completed.

[0008] Furthermore, in the operation step 1), the pusher channel is covered with a cover plate, the pusher plate is provided with a guide block, the cover plate is provided with a guide groove arranged vertically, the guide groove extends along the length of the pusher channel, and the guide block is movably inserted in the guide groove. In operation step 3), as the pusher plate moves along the pusher channel, the guide block moves along the guide groove.

[0009] Furthermore, in the operation step 1), the material distribution plate is provided with a detachable baffle. When the baffle is placed on the material distribution plate, the baffle is located between the ends of the multiple material distribution channels and the material pushing channel, and the baffle separates the material distribution channels from the material pushing channel. In operation step 2), after the pusher plate exits the pusher channel, the baffle is removed from the distribution plate. The ends of the multiple distribution channels are connected to the pusher channel. Multiple hollow open shafts in the multiple distribution channels enter the pusher channel, and the multiple hollow open shafts are arranged in parallel in the pusher channel.

[0010] Furthermore, in the operation step 1), when the baffle is connected to the material distribution plate and hollow open shafts are arranged in the multiple material distribution channels, the material distribution plate is tilted so that the hollow open shafts in the multiple material distribution channels automatically move downward and abut against the baffle so that the hollow open shafts in the multiple material distribution channels are arranged side by side and aligned. In operation step 2), when the pusher plate exits the pusher channel and the baffle is removed from the distribution plate, the hollow open shafts in the multiple distribution channels automatically slide into the pusher channel.

[0011] Furthermore, in operation step 4), the feeding shaft is connected to the moving block, and the moving block is movably connected to the guide rail; the moving block is provided with a power drive structure, and the power drive structure drives the moving block to reciprocate along the guide rail so that the feeding shaft can be inserted into or withdrawn from the feeding channel.

[0012] Furthermore, in operation step 4), the power drive structure includes a longitudinally arranged rotating disk, the moving block is located below the rotating disk, and the rotating disk abuts against the moving block; In operation step 5), the rotating disk rotates in the opposite direction, the rotating disk drives the moving block to move in the opposite direction along the guide rail, and the feeding shaft exits the feeding channel. In operation step 6), when the rotating disk rotates in the forward direction, the rotating disk drives the moving block to move in the forward direction along the guide rail, and the feeding shaft is inserted into the feeding channel.

[0013] Furthermore, in operation step 4), fixed plates are respectively provided on both sides of the rotating disk, and there is a side gap between the fixed plates and the rotating disk. The rotating disk is rotatably connected to the two fixed plates respectively, and a swing handle is connected to the rotating disk. By swinging the swing handle, the rotating disk is driven to rotate. The side is provided with two spaced-apart limiting shafts, which are fixedly connected to the fixed plate and are spaced apart along the circumference of the rotating disk. The swing handle passes between the two limiting shafts. When the swing handle abuts against the limiting shaft, the rotating disk rotates to its limit position. The side is provided with a return spring, one end of which is connected to the fixed plate and the other end of which is connected to the rotating disk. In operation step 6), when the rotating disk is driven to rotate in the forward direction by the swing handle, the feeding shaft is inserted into the feeding channel and the spring is stretched. When the driving force applied to the swing handle is removed, the spring is elastically reset, driving the rotating disk to rotate in the reverse direction and the feeding shaft is removed from the feeding channel.

[0014] Furthermore, in operation step 4), the bottom of the feeding shaft is an arc-shaped surface, the top of the feeding shaft is a horizontally arranged surface, and the height of the feeding shaft is less than the radius of the hollow open shaft. The end of the feeding shaft has an end face, the end face is covered with an abutting elastic layer, the interior of the abutting elastic layer is hollow to form an eccentrically arranged hollow cavity, the side of the abutting elastic layer is provided with a side through hole, and the hollow cavity is connected to the outside through the side through hole; In operation step 6), when the feeding shaft is inserted into the feeding channel, the abutting elastic layer abuts against the end of the hollow open shaft; during the process of the feeding shaft pushing the hollow open shaft out of the feeding channel, the abutting elastic layer undergoes eccentric elastic compression deformation, and the feeding shaft applies axial thrust and circumferential torque to the hollow open shaft until the hollow open shaft is pushed out of the feeding channel.

[0015] Furthermore, in operation step 4), the end of the abutting elastic layer has a pushing surface, and a protruding strip arranged in a curved manner is provided on the pushing surface. The lower end of the protruding strip extends to the bottom of the abutting elastic layer, and the upper end of the protruding strip extends to the top of the abutting elastic layer. In operation step 6), when the feeding shaft is inserted into the feeding channel, the protruding strip of the push surface abuts against the end of the hollow open shaft and extends into the shaft cavity, arranged in a suspended state. During the process of the feeding shaft pushing the hollow open shaft out of the feeding channel, the protruding strip synchronously deforms eccentrically with the elastic layer, applying axial thrust and circumferential torque to the hollow open shaft until it is pushed out of the feeding channel.

[0016] Furthermore, in operation step 4), the movable block is provided with an installation groove, and the outer periphery of the installation groove is provided with a plurality of outer peripheral elastic rings, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the depth of the installation groove; the bottom of the installation groove is provided with a bottom elastic block. The feeding shaft has an installation section, which is inserted into an installation groove. A plurality of outer peripheral elastic rings wrap around the outer periphery of the installation section. The bottom elastic block abuts against the end of the installation section, and the bottom elastic block is eccentrically arranged with respect to the installation section. In operation step 6), during the process of the feeding shaft pushing the hollow open shaft out of the feeding channel, the feeding shaft is pressed and moves axially elastically toward the mounting groove, and the feeding shaft moves axially misaligned synchronously, so that the feeding shaft applies axial thrust and circumferential torque to the hollow open shaft.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the hollow open shaft sorting and feeding method provided by this invention optimizes the sorting and feeding process of hollow open shafts through the structure and mutual cooperation of the sorting tray, the pusher, the loading cylinder, and the base. This avoids the low sorting and feeding efficiency caused by the special structure of the hollow open shaft. Specifically: In the sorting process, the vertical arrangement of multiple material channels and push channels on the material distribution tray, combined with the movement operation of the push plate, enables the orderly parallel arrangement of multiple hollow open shafts, reducing the difficulty in separating hollow open shafts caused by stacking. Furthermore, the batch processing method significantly improves sorting efficiency.

[0018] In the feeding process, the width of the feeding channel of the base is precisely matched with the diameter of the hollow open shaft. This avoids the accumulation of hollow open shafts due to an excessively wide feeding channel, and also prevents jamming due to an excessively narrow feeding channel. At the same time, the insertion and withdrawal of the feeding shaft enables the single ejection and continuous feeding of the hollow open shaft, which reduces manual intervention in the entire sorting and feeding process, thereby meeting the requirements for efficient and continuous sorting and feeding. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the hollow open shaft sorting and feeding method provided by the present invention. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the material distribution tray provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pusher channel provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the loading cylinder provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hollow open shaft provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power drive structure provided by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a side view of the power drive structure provided by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the base and the loading cylinder provided by the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the abutment elastic layer provided by the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the thrust surface provided by the present invention; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the movable block provided by the present invention; In the figure: hollow open shaft 100, shaft cavity 101, opening groove 102; 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207; 300 loading cylinder, 301 loading channel, 302 base, 303 feeding channel; Feeding shaft 400, moving block 401, guide rail 402, mounting groove 403, outer peripheral elastic ring 404, bottom elastic block 405, mounting section 406; Rotating disk 500, fixed plate 501, side spacer 502, swing handle 503, limit shaft 504, return spring 505; It has an abutting elastic layer 600, a hollow cavity 601, a side through hole 602, a pushing surface 603, and a protruding strip 604. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0021] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0022] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] Reference Figure 1-11 The image shown is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The method for sorting and loading hollow open shafts includes the following steps: 1) Provide a material distribution plate 200, which has multiple longitudinally arranged material distribution channels 201, and multiple hollow open shafts 100 are arranged longitudinally in the material distribution channels 201. The hollow open shafts 100 form a shaft cavity 101, and the side of the hollow open shaft 100 has a hollowed-out opening groove 102. The shaft cavity 101 is connected to the outside through the opening groove 102. The material distribution plate 200 is provided with a pusher channel 202, which is connected to the ends of multiple material distribution channels 201 and is arranged perpendicular to the material distribution channels 201; a pusher plate 203 is provided in the pusher channel 202. 2) The pusher plate 203 exits the pusher channel 202, and multiple hollow open shafts 100 in the distribution channel 201 enter the pusher channel 202. The multiple hollow open shafts 100 are arranged in parallel in the pusher channel 202. A loading cylinder 300 is connected to the distribution plate 200. The loading cylinder 300 has a loading channel 301, and the loading channel 301 is aligned and connected with the pusher channel 202. 3) The pusher plate 203 pushes the pusher channel 202, pushing multiple hollow open shafts 100 in the pusher channel 202 into the loading channel 301, realizing the sorting operation of multiple hollow open shafts 100. Multiple hollow open shafts 100 are arranged in parallel in the loading channel 301. 4) Connect the loading cylinder 300 to the base 302. The base 302 has a top-opening feeding channel 303. The loading channel 301 and the feeding channel 303 are vertically aligned and connected. The width of the feeding channel 303 is greater than the diameter of the hollow open shaft 100 and less than the sum of the diameters of the two hollow open shafts 100. The outer side of the base 302 has a feeding shaft 400, which is aligned with the feeding channel 303. 5) The feeding shaft 400 exits the feeding channel 303, and the hollow open shaft 100 in the loading chamber falls into the feeding channel 303; 6) The feeding shaft 400 is inserted into the feeding channel 303, and the single hollow open shaft 100 in the feeding channel 303 is pushed out of the feeding channel 303 to realize the feeding operation of the hollow open shaft 100. 7) Repeat steps 5) and 6) until the loading operation of multiple hollow open shafts 100 in the loading cylinder 300 is completed.

[0025] The hollow open shaft sorting and feeding method provided above optimizes the sorting and feeding process of the hollow open shaft 100 through the structure and mutual cooperation of the sorting tray 200, the pusher channel 202, the loading cylinder 300, and the base 302. This avoids the low sorting and feeding efficiency caused by the special structure of the hollow open shaft 100. Specifically: In the sorting process, the vertical arrangement of multiple material channels 201 and push channels 202 on the material distribution tray 200, combined with the moving operation of the push plate 203, enables the orderly parallel arrangement of multiple hollow open shafts 100, reducing the difficulty in separating the hollow open shafts 100 due to stacking, and significantly improving sorting efficiency through batch processing.

[0026] In the feeding stage, the width of the feeding channel 303 of the base 302 is greater than the diameter of the hollow open shaft 100 and less than the sum of the diameters of the two hollow open shafts 100. This avoids the accumulation of hollow open shafts 100 due to the feeding channel 303 being too wide, and also prevents jamming due to the feeding channel 303 being too narrow. At the same time, through the withdrawal and insertion operation of the feeding shaft 400, the single withdrawal and continuous feeding of the hollow open shaft 100 are realized, which reduces manual intervention in the entire sorting and feeding process, thereby meeting the requirements of efficient and continuous sorting and feeding.

[0027] The hollow open shaft 100 mentioned in this embodiment is hollow and has an opening on the side. When multiple hollow open shafts 100 are stacked together, they are very easy to nest and jam. Therefore, the width of the feeding channel 303 is greater than the diameter of a single hollow open shaft 100 but less than the sum of the diameters of the two shafts, which ensures that only a single hollow open shaft 100 can enter the feeding channel 303 at a time, thus avoiding nesting of the hollow open shafts 100 and jamming.

[0028] In this embodiment, the width of the material distribution channel 201 is greater than the diameter of the hollow open shaft 100 and less than the length of the hollow open shaft 100. This limitation on the width of the material distribution channel 201 prevents the hollow open shaft 100 from rolling or intersecting within the material distribution channel 201, or even from exhibiting a lateral posture. This provides a separation basis for the pusher plate 203 to efficiently push the hollow open shaft 100 in the pusher channel 202, thereby improving sorting efficiency.

[0029] In this embodiment, in operation step 1), a cover plate 204 is sealed on the pusher channel 202, a guide block 205 is protruding on the pusher plate 203, and a guide groove 206 is provided in the cover plate 204, which is arranged vertically. The guide groove 206 extends along the length of the pusher channel 202, and the guide block 205 is movably inserted in the guide groove 206. In operation step 3), as the pusher plate 203 moves along the pusher channel 202, the guide block 205 moves along the guide groove 206.

[0030] By cooperating with the guide block 205 and the guide groove 206, the movement direction of the pusher plate 203 in the pusher channel 202 is restricted, ensuring that it moves stably along the length of the pusher channel 202 and avoiding deviation or shaking. This lays the foundation for subsequent sorting and feeding operations. In addition, the stable pushing method can also effectively reduce the jamming phenomenon caused by the deviation of the pusher plate 203, thereby improving the overall sorting and feeding efficiency.

[0031] In this embodiment, in operation step 1), the material distribution plate 200 is provided with a detachable baffle 207. When the baffle 207 is placed on the material distribution plate 200, the baffle 207 is located between the ends of the multiple material distribution channels 201 and the push channel 202, and the baffle 207 separates the material distribution channels 201 and the push channel 202. In operation step 2), after the pusher plate 203 exits the pusher channel 202, the baffle 207 is removed from the distribution plate 200. The ends of the multiple distribution channels 201 are connected to the pusher channel 202. The multiple hollow open shafts 100 in the multiple distribution channels 201 enter the pusher channel 202, and the multiple hollow open shafts 100 are arranged in parallel in the pusher channel 202.

[0032] Before sorting, the baffle 207 separates the material distribution channel 201 from the material pushing channel 202 to prevent the hollow open shaft 100 from entering the material pushing channel 202 in advance, thus ensuring the orderly progress of the sorting process.

[0033] When sorting is required, the baffle 207 is removed, and the material distribution channel 201 is connected to the material pushing channel 202. The hollow open shafts 100 slide smoothly into the material pushing channel 202 under the action of gravity or external force and are arranged in sequence. This simplifies the operation process, reduces manual intervention, and improves sorting efficiency. It is especially suitable for production scenarios of batch sorting of hollow open shafts 100, and can avoid the chaos and jamming problems caused by the hollow open shafts 100 entering the material pushing channel 202 in advance.

[0034] In this embodiment, in operation step 1), after the baffle 207 is connected to the material distribution plate 200 and hollow open shafts 100 are arranged in the multiple material distribution channels 201, the material distribution plate 200 is tilted so that the hollow open shafts 100 in the multiple material distribution channels 201 automatically move downward and abut against the baffle 207 so that the hollow open shafts 100 in the multiple material distribution channels 201 are arranged side by side and aligned. In operation step 2), when the pusher plate 203 exits the pusher channel 202 and the baffle 207 is removed from the distribution plate 200, the hollow open shafts 100 in the multiple distribution channels 201 automatically slide into the pusher channel 202.

[0035] The inclined arrangement of the sorting tray 200 utilizes gravity to allow the hollow open shaft 100 to automatically slide towards the baffle 207 and be neatly arranged. No additional power device is required, which reduces equipment costs and energy consumption. Furthermore, the entire process is natural and smooth, improving sorting efficiency.

[0036] In this embodiment, in operation step 4), the feeding shaft 400 is connected to the moving block 401, and the moving block 401 is movably connected to the guide rail 402; the moving block 401 is provided with a power drive structure, which drives the moving block 401 to move back and forth along the guide rail 402 so that the feeding shaft 400 can be inserted into or withdrawn from the feeding channel 303.

[0037] In this way, the moving block 401 moves along the guide rail 402, ensuring the linear movement of the feeding shaft 400, so that it can accurately insert into or exit the feeding channel 303, improving the automation and accuracy of the feeding process, reducing human operation errors, and ensuring that each feeding is completed accurately, thereby improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0038] In this embodiment, in operation step 4), the power drive structure includes a longitudinally arranged rotating disk 500, a moving block 401 located below the rotating disk 500, and the rotating disk 500 abutting against the moving block 401. In operation step 5), the rotating disk 500 rotates in the opposite direction, and the rotating disk 500 drives the moving block 401 to move in the opposite direction along the guide rail 402, and the feeding shaft 400 exits the feeding channel 303. In operation step 6), when the rotating disk 500 rotates in the forward direction, the rotating disk 500 drives the moving block 401 to move in the forward direction along the guide rail 402, and the feeding shaft 400 is inserted into the feeding channel 303.

[0039] By rotating the rotating disk 500 in both directions, the direction and distance of movement of the moving block 401 can be precisely controlled, thereby realizing the insertion and withdrawal of the feeding shaft 400. This structure is compact, easy to operate, can quickly respond to production needs, and improves feeding efficiency.

[0040] In practical applications, the precise movement of the feeding shaft 400 can be achieved simply by controlling the rotation direction and angle of the rotating disk 500, which reduces complex mechanical transmission links and improves the reliability and stability of feeding.

[0041] In this embodiment, in operation step 4), a fixing plate 501 is provided on both sides of the rotating disk 500, and there is a side gap 502 between the fixing plate 501 and the rotating disk 500. The rotating disk 500 is rotatably connected to the two fixing plates 501 respectively. A swing handle 503 is connected to the rotating disk 500. By swinging the swing handle 503, the rotating disk 500 is driven to rotate. Two spaced-apart limiting shafts 504 are provided on the side with a spacing of 502. The limiting shafts 504 are fixedly connected to the fixed plate 501 and are spaced apart along the circumference of the rotating disk 500. The swing handle 503 passes between the two limiting shafts 504. When the swing handle 503 abuts against the limiting shaft 504, the rotating disk 500 rotates to the limit position. A return spring 505 is provided on the side spacer 502. One end of the return spring 505 is connected to the fixed plate 501, and the other end of the return spring 505 is connected to the rotating disk 500. In operation step 6), when the rotating disk 500 is driven to rotate in the forward direction by the swing handle 503, the feeding shaft 400 is inserted into the feeding channel 303, and the spring is stretched. When the driving force applied to the swing handle 503 is removed, the return spring 505 is elastically reset, which drives the rotating disk 500 to rotate in the reverse direction, and the feeding shaft 400 exits the feeding channel 303.

[0042] The combination of the swing handle 503 and the limit shaft 504 provides precise control over the rotation of the rotating disk 500, ensuring that the feeding shaft 400 moves into position. The return spring 505 provides an automatic reset function for the rotating disk 500, improving operational convenience and thus increasing production efficiency.

[0043] In this embodiment, in operation step 4), the bottom of the feeding shaft 400 is an arc-shaped surface, the top of the feeding shaft 400 is a horizontally arranged surface, and the height of the feeding shaft 400 is less than the radius of the hollow open shaft 100. The end of the feeding shaft 400 has an end face, and the end face is covered with an abutting elastic layer 600. The interior of the abutting elastic layer 600 is hollow, forming an eccentrically arranged hollow cavity 601. The side of the abutting elastic layer 600 is provided with a side through hole 602, and the hollow cavity 601 communicates with the outside through the side through hole 602. In operation step 6), when the feeding shaft 400 is inserted into the feeding channel 303, the abutting elastic layer 600 abuts against the end of the hollow open shaft 100; during the process of the feeding shaft 400 pushing the hollow open shaft 100 out of the feeding channel 303, the abutting elastic layer 600 undergoes eccentric elastic compression deformation, and the feeding shaft 400 applies axial thrust and circumferential torque to the hollow open shaft 100 until the hollow open shaft 100 is pushed out of the feeding channel 303.

[0044] During the feeding process, when the feeding shaft 400 is inserted into the feeding channel 303 and pushes the hollow open shaft 100, if jamming occurs, the eccentrically arranged abutment elastic layer 600 will generate circumferential twisting under force. Through this twisting, the jamming point between the hollow open shaft 100 and the feeding channel 303 can be effectively squeezed out. This eccentric elastic compression deformation not only increases the adaptability of the feeding shaft 400, but also reduces the downtime caused by jamming, thereby improving the continuity and efficiency of the entire feeding process.

[0045] In this embodiment, in operation step 4), the end of the abutting elastic layer 600 has a pushing surface 603, and a protruding strip 604 arranged in a curved manner is provided on the pushing surface 603. The lower end of the protruding strip 604 extends to the bottom of the abutting elastic layer 600, and the upper end of the protruding strip 604 extends to the top of the abutting elastic layer 600. In operation step 6), when the feeding shaft 400 is inserted into the feeding channel 303, the protruding strip 604 of the push surface 603 abuts against the end of the hollow open shaft 100 and extends into the shaft cavity 101, arranged in a suspended state. During the process of the feeding shaft 400 pushing the hollow open shaft 100 out of the feeding channel 303, the protruding strip 604 is eccentrically elastically compressed and deformed in sync with the elastic layer 600, applying axial thrust and circumferential torque to the hollow open shaft 100 until the hollow open shaft 100 is pushed out of the feeding channel 303.

[0046] The curved arrangement and suspended protrusions 604 allow the shaft to penetrate deep into the cavity 101 of the hollow open shaft 100, thereby providing more precise thrust and torque during the feeding process.

[0047] When a jamming occurs, the protruding strip 604 generates circumferential torque as it abuts against the elastic layer 600 and undergoes eccentric elastic compression deformation. This torque can effectively break the jamming state between the hollow open shaft 100 and the feeding channel 303, ensuring that the hollow open shaft 100 is smoothly pushed out of the feeding channel 303. This improves the accuracy and success rate of feeding, and is especially suitable for production scenarios with high requirements for feeding accuracy.

[0048] In this embodiment, in operation step 4), the moving block 401 is provided with an installation groove 403, and the outer periphery of the installation groove 403 is provided with a plurality of outer periphery elastic rings 404, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the depth of the installation groove 403; the bottom of the installation groove 403 is provided with a bottom elastic block 405. The feeding shaft 400 has an installation section 406, which is inserted into the installation groove 403. Multiple outer peripheral elastic rings 404 wrap around the outer periphery of the installation section 406. The bottom elastic block 405 abuts against the end of the installation section 406, and the bottom elastic block 405 is eccentrically arranged with respect to the installation section 406. In operation step 6), during the process of the feeding shaft 400 pushing the hollow open shaft 100 out of the feeding channel 303, the feeding shaft 400 is pressed and moves axially elastically toward the mounting groove 403, and the feeding shaft 400 moves axially misaligned at the same time, so that the feeding shaft 400 applies axial thrust and circumferential torque to the hollow open shaft 100.

[0049] The connection between the moving block 401 and the feeding shaft 400 makes full use of the characteristics of eccentric arrangement and elastic deformation, so that the feeding shaft 400 can generate axial thrust and circumferential torque when pushing the hollow open shaft 100.

[0050] The eccentric arrangement of the bottom elastic block 405 and the mounting section 406 allows the feeding shaft 400 to undergo a certain misalignment when under pressure. This misalignment is converted into circumferential torque, which acts on the hollow open shaft 100.

[0051] When the hollow open shaft 100 gets stuck during the ejection process, the circumferential torque generated by this eccentricity can help the hollow open shaft 100 to twist and unstick, thereby achieving smooth feeding. This not only improves the stability and reliability of the feeding process, but also enhances the adaptability to hollow open shafts 100 of different sizes and shapes, and reduces production interruptions caused by jamming.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of sorting and feeding hollow open shafts, characterized in that, The operation steps include: 1) provide a distribution tray, the distribution tray is provided with a plurality of longitudinally arranged distribution channels, a plurality of hollow open shafts are arranged longitudinally in the distribution channels, the hollow open shafts are enclosed to form shaft cavities, the side of the hollow open shafts is provided with a hollowed-out opening groove, the shaft cavity is communicated with the outside through the opening groove; The distribution tray is provided with a pushing channel, the pushing channel is communicated with the end of the plurality of distribution channels, and the pushing channel is vertically arranged with the distribution channel; the pushing channel is provided with a moving pushing plate; 2) the pushing plate exits the pushing channel, a plurality of hollow open shafts in the distribution channel enter the pushing channel, and a plurality of hollow open shafts are sequentially arranged in the pushing channel; a loading cylinder is connected on the distribution tray, the loading cylinder is provided with a loading channel, and the loading channel is aligned and communicated with the pushing channel; 3) the pushing plate advances the pushing channel, a plurality of hollow open shafts in the pushing channel are pushed into the loading channel, the sorting operation of a plurality of hollow open shafts is realized, and a plurality of hollow open shafts are sequentially arranged in the loading channel; 4) the loading cylinder is connected on the base, the base is provided with an upper feeding channel with an open top, the loading channel is aligned and communicated with the upper feeding channel, the width of the upper feeding channel is greater than the diameter of the hollow open shaft and less than the sum of the diameters of two hollow open shafts; the outer side of the base is provided with a feeding shaft, and the feeding shaft is arranged in alignment with the upper feeding channel; 5) the feeding shaft exits the upper feeding channel, and the hollow open shaft in the loading cavity falls into the upper feeding channel; 6) the feeding shaft is inserted into the upper feeding channel, and the single hollow open shaft in the upper feeding channel is pushed out of the upper feeding channel, realizing the feeding operation of the hollow open shaft; 7) repeat the operation steps 5) and 6) until the feeding operation of a plurality of hollow open shafts in the loading cylinder is completed.

2. The hollow open-shaft sorting and feeding method according to claim 1, characterized by, In the operation step 1), the pushing channel is covered with a cover plate, the pushing plate is provided with a guide block, the cover plate is provided with a guide groove arranged vertically, the guide groove extends along the length direction of the pushing channel, and the guide block is movably arranged in the guide groove; In the operation step 3), the guide block moves along the guide groove during the movement of the pushing plate along the pushing channel.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, In the operation step 1), the distribution tray is provided with a detachable baffle, when the baffle is placed on the distribution tray, the baffle is located between the end of the plurality of distribution channels and the pushing channel, and the baffle separates the distribution channel from the pushing channel; In the operation step 2), after the pushing plate exits the pushing channel, the baffle is detached from the distribution tray, the end of the plurality of distribution channels is communicated with the pushing channel, a plurality of hollow open shafts in the plurality of distribution channels enter the pushing channel, and a plurality of hollow open shafts are sequentially arranged in the pushing channel.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, In the operation step 1), when the baffle is connected to the distribution tray and the hollow open shafts are arranged in the plurality of distribution channels, the distribution tray is inclined to make the hollow open shafts in the plurality of distribution channels move downward and abut on the baffle, so that the hollow open shafts in the plurality of distribution channels are arranged in parallel and alignment; In the operation step 2, when the pushing plate exits the pushing channel and the baffle is detached from the distribution tray, the hollow opening shafts in the plurality of distribution channels automatically slide into the pushing channel.

5. The hollow open-shaft sorting and feeding method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, In the operation step 4, the feeding shaft is connected to the moving block, and the moving block is movably connected to the guide rail; the moving block is provided with a power driving structure, and the power driving structure drives the moving block to reciprocate along the guide rail, so that the feeding shaft is inserted into or exits the feeding channel.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, In the operation step 4, the power driving structure includes a rotating disc arranged longitudinally, and the moving block is located below the rotating disc, and the rotating disc abuts against the moving block; In the operation step 5, the rotating disc is reversely rotated, the rotating disc drives the moving block to move reversely along the guide rail, and the feeding shaft exits the feeding channel; In the operation step 6, when the rotating disc is forwardly rotated, the rotating disc drives the moving block to move forwardly along the guide rail, and the feeding shaft is inserted into the feeding channel.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the hollow open shaft sorting and feeding method is characterized by, In the operation step 4, both sides of the rotating disc are respectively provided with fixed plates, and the fixed plates are spaced apart from the rotating disc, the rotating disc is rotatably connected to the two fixed plates, and the rotating disc is connected with a swing handle, and the rotating disc is driven to rotate by swinging the swing handle; The side space is provided with two limit shafts arranged at intervals, and the limit shafts are fixedly connected to the fixed plates and arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating disc, and the swing handle is arranged between the two limit shafts; when the swing handle abuts against the limit shaft, the rotating disc is rotated to the limit position; The side space is provided with a reset spring, one end of the reset spring is connected to the fixed plate, and the other end of the reset spring is connected to the rotating disc; in the operation step 6, when the rotating disc is forwardly rotated by the swing handle, the feeding shaft is inserted into the feeding channel, and the spring is stretched; when the driving force applied to the swing handle is removed, the spring is elastically reset to reversely rotate the rotating disc, and the feeding shaft exits the feeding channel.

8. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, In the operation step 4, the bottom of the feeding shaft is a circular arc surface, the top of the feeding shaft is a horizontal surface arranged horizontally, and the height of the feeding shaft is less than the radius of the hollow opening shaft; The end of the feeding shaft has an end surface, the end surface is covered with an abutting elastic layer, the inside of the abutting elastic layer is hollowly arranged to form an eccentric hollow cavity, and the side of the abutting elastic layer is provided with a side through hole, and the hollow cavity is communicated with the outside through the side through hole; In the operation step 6, when the feeding shaft is inserted into the feeding channel, the abutting elastic layer abuts against the end of the hollow opening shaft; in the process that the feeding shaft pushes the hollow opening shaft out of the feeding channel, the abutting elastic layer is eccentrically and elastically compressed and deformed, the feeding shaft applies axial thrust and circumferential torque to the hollow opening shaft, until the hollow opening shaft is pushed out of the feeding channel.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The end of the abutting elastic layer has a pushing surface, and a protruding strip in a curved arrangement is protruded on the pushing surface, the lower end of the protruding strip extends to the bottom of the abutting elastic layer, and the upper end of the protruding strip extends to the top of the abutting elastic layer. In the operation step 6, when the feeding shaft is inserted into the feeding channel, the protruding strip of the pushing surface abuts against the end of the hollow open shaft and extends into the shaft cavity, and is arranged in a suspended manner. In the process that the feeding shaft pushes the hollow open shaft out of the feeding channel, the protruding strip is synchronously eccentrically and elastically compressed and deformed with the abutting elastic layer, and an axial pushing force and a circumferential torsion force are applied to the hollow open shaft until the hollow open shaft is pushed out of the feeding channel.

10. The method of claim 5, wherein, In the operation step 4, the moving block is provided with a mounting groove, and a plurality of outer peripheral elastic rings are arranged on the outer periphery of the mounting groove in sequence along the depth of the mounting groove; and the bottom of the mounting groove is provided with a bottom elastic block. The feeding shaft has a mounting section, the mounting section is inserted into the mounting groove, a plurality of outer peripheral elastic rings wrap the outer periphery of the mounting section, the bottom elastic block abuts against the end of the mounting section, and the bottom elastic block is eccentrically arranged with the mounting section. In the operation step 6, in the process that the feeding shaft pushes the hollow open shaft out of the feeding channel, the feeding shaft is elastically moved axially towards the mounting groove, and the feeding shaft is synchronously moved axially in a dislocation manner, so that the feeding shaft applies an axial pushing force and a circumferential torsion force to the hollow open shaft.

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