Vertical high-speed motor active and passive vibration reduction system and vibration reduction method

Abstract

The invention relates to a vertical high-speed motor active and passive vibration reduction system, which comprises a motor body, a motor base, a controller, a vibration sensor and an integrated active and passive pneumatic damping actuator, and is characterized in that the actuator is arranged between the motor body and the motor base; the vibration sensor is in signal connection with the motor body; the input end of the controller is in signal connection with the vibration sensor, and the output end of the controller is in signal connection with the high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve. According to the vertical high-speed motor active and passive vibration reduction system and vibration reduction method, a controller, a high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve and other components form an active damping system; and the damping pore plate and the auxiliary air chamber jointly form a built-in passive damping system. The passive damping system processes broadband vibration, and active control burden is reduced; and the active damping system achieves accurate suppression, and the overall energy efficiency ratio is increased. The active damping system and the passive damping system work in cooperation to jointly solve the vibration problem, so that the vibration problem of the vertical high-speed motor is rapidly and effectively suppressed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vertical motor technology, and in particular to a vertical high-speed motor active and passive vibration reduction system and vibration reduction method. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical high-speed motors are widely used in vertically installed applications such as water pumps, compressors, and high-speed turbomachinery. In these applications, factors such as rotor imbalance, axial magnetic pull, and bearing dynamics can easily induce strong vibrations, especially near the critical speed, where the vibration amplitude increases significantly, leading to decreased system accuracy, shortened lifespan, or even failure. Existing vibration reduction technologies are mainly divided into passive and active vibration reduction. Passive vibration reduction technologies (such as rubber isolators and hydraulic dampers) are simple in structure and low in cost, but they are ineffective at suppressing low-frequency resonance and have fixed damping characteristics, making them unable to adapt to changes in operating conditions. Active vibration reduction technologies (such as active magnetic bearings and piezoelectric actuators) can precisely control vibration, but the systems are complex, costly, and dependent on external energy sources, resulting in lower reliability. Traditional pneumatic vibration isolation solutions have advantages such as non-contact operation and high load capacity, but they have long air paths, slow response, and lack effective active damping mechanisms, making them difficult to cope with the dynamic vibrations of high-speed motors. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the technical problem of vertical high-speed motors being unable to respond quickly and achieve active and passive vibration reduction in the prior art, this invention provides a vertical high-speed motor active and passive vibration reduction system and method.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A vertical high-speed motor active and passive vibration reduction system includes: a motor body, a motor foundation, a controller, and at least one integrated active and passive pneumatic damping actuator, wherein the actuator is disposed between the motor body and the motor foundation; the actuator includes: an upper connecting plate, a main flexible airbag, an intermediate valve plate, a high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve, a damping orifice plate, a secondary air chamber, and a lower connecting plate arranged coaxially from top to bottom; The high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve is installed on the side or inside cavity of the intermediate valve plate. The outlet of the high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve is connected to the inner cavity of the main flexible airbag through an air passage provided inside the intermediate valve plate. The inlet of the high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve is connected to an external air source through an air inlet channel provided inside the intermediate valve plate. The vibration sensor is connected to the motor body for detecting the vibration signal of the motor body; The input terminal of the controller is connected to the vibration sensor signal, and the output terminal of the controller is connected to the high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve signal; the controller generates control commands based on the vibration signal to drive the high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve to operate.

[0005] Furthermore, at least one throttling damping hole is provided on the damping orifice plate for connecting the main flexible airbag and the auxiliary air chamber.

[0006] Furthermore, the intermediate valve plate is a rigid component, and both the upper and lower end faces of the intermediate valve are provided with sealing grooves for installing sealing rings.

[0007] Furthermore, the air path length between the valve core outlet of the high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve and the inner cavity of the main flexible airbag is less than 50mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the controller uses pulse width modulation to control the high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve, so that the active damping force generated by the high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve is opposite to the vibration velocity of the motor body.

[0009] Furthermore, the integrated active and passive pneumatic damping actuators are configured as four, and are evenly distributed in a circle between the motor body and the motor base.

[0010] Furthermore, the auxiliary gas chamber is made of stainless steel, and its volume is adjusted by an adjustable partition or an external inflation device.

[0011] Furthermore, the controller includes a digital signal processor and a drive circuit, wherein the digital signal processor executes an adaptive control algorithm and drives the high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve to operate through the drive circuit.

[0012] This invention also provides a vibration reduction method for a vertical high-speed motor active and passive vibration reduction system, comprising the following steps: Step S1. Monitor the vibration signal of the motor body in real time using a vibration sensor; Step S2. Through the damping orifice and auxiliary air chamber structure inside the actuator, continuous passive damping dissipation is provided for vibration across the entire frequency band. Step S3. The controller analyzes the vibration signal and identifies the dominant vibration frequency and real-time phase that need to be suppressed. Step S4. The controller generates a control signal that matches the vibration frequency but is out of phase, driving the high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve integrated in the intermediate valve plate to work; Step S5. The main flexible airbag is rapidly and precisely inflated and deflated by a high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve to generate an active damping force opposite to the vibration velocity, thereby achieving precise suppression of specific vibration energy. Step S6. Based on the changes in motor speed, adaptively adjust the control parameters to achieve optimized vibration reduction under all operating conditions through active and passive coordination.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S4, the control signal adopts a pulse width modulation waveform, the frequency of which is synchronized with the main vibration frequency, and the duty cycle is dynamically adjusted according to the vibration amplitude. In step S6, the adaptive adjustment of control parameters includes: updating the gain and phase compensation parameters of the controller in real time according to the motor speed.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the vertical high-speed motor active and passive vibration reduction system and vibration reduction method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a vertical high-speed motor active and passive vibration reduction system and method. The controller and high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve constitute the active damping system; the damping orifice plate and auxiliary air chamber together constitute the built-in passive damping system. In the active damping system, the air path length between the valve core outlet of the high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve and the inner cavity of the main flexible airbag is extremely short (less than 50mm), significantly reducing air pressure delay and achieving a response frequency of several hundred hertz, effectively tracking high-speed vibration changes. The passive damping system handles wide-frequency vibrations, reducing the burden on active control; the active damping system precisely suppresses vibrations, improving the overall energy efficiency ratio. The active and passive damping systems work together to solve vibration problems, enabling rapid and effective suppression of vibration in the vertical high-speed motor. This vertical high-speed motor active and passive vibration reduction system can reduce the vibration amplitude at critical speeds by more than 60%. The controller uses an adaptive algorithm, which can adjust parameters in real time according to the motor speed to adapt to different operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the vertical high-speed motor active and passive vibration reduction system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vertical high-speed motor active and passive vibration reduction system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of the invention will be thorough and complete.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0018] It is understood that spatial relation terms such as "below," "under," "below," "below," "above," "above," etc., can be used here to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figure and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, spatial relation terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, the element or feature described as "below" or "below" of the other element or feature will be oriented "above" the other element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary terms "below" and "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. Furthermore, the device may also include other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptive terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0019] It should be noted that when one element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or connected to the other element through an intermediary element. In the following embodiments, "connection" should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have the transmission of electrical signals or data between them.

[0020] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated feature, whole, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0021] Example 1 See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a vertical high-speed motor active and passive pneumatic vibration damping system based on fixed parameter control. The system includes: a vertical high-speed motor body 1, four integrated active and passive pneumatic damping actuators 3, a vibration sensor 2, and a controller. The actuators 3 are evenly distributed circumferentially between the motor body 1 and the motor base 4 to ensure symmetrical damping force distribution. The controller, along with components such as a high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve, constitutes the active damping system; the damping orifice plate and the auxiliary air chamber together constitute the built-in passive damping system.

[0022] See Figure 2The actuator 3 includes an upper connecting plate 301, a main flexible airbag 302, an intermediate valve plate 303, a high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve 304, a damping orifice plate 305, a secondary air chamber 306, and a lower connecting plate 307. The intermediate valve plate 303 is a rigid aluminum alloy component with sealing grooves on its upper and lower end faces, where O-rings are installed to ensure a seal with the main flexible airbag 302. The high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve 304 is integrated into the side cavity of the intermediate valve plate 303. The air passage length between the valve core outlet of the high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve 304 and the inner cavity of the main flexible airbag 302 is 20mm, much shorter than the air passage length of traditional pneumatic systems (generally greater than 200mm). The damping orifice plate 305 has multiple throttling damping orifices with a diameter of 1mm, used to connect the main flexible airbag 302 and the secondary air chamber 306. The auxiliary air chamber 306 is made of stainless steel cylinder with a volume of 0.5L. The volume can be adjusted by an external air valve to change the stiffness and damping ratio of the passive damping.

[0023] Vibration sensor 2 is a piezoelectric accelerometer, mounted on the bearing housing of motor body 1, used for real-time monitoring of vibration acceleration signals. The controller is developed based on FPGA, with its input connected to vibration sensor 2 and its output connected to high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve 304. The controller uses pulse width modulation (PWM) with fixed control parameters (such as gain Kp = 2.0, integral time Ti = 0.01s) to generate control commands based on the vibration signal.

[0024] After the motor starts, the passive damping system operates first. Gas flows through the throttling damping orifice on the damping orifice plate 305 between the main flexible airbag 302 and the auxiliary air chamber 306, generating a throttling effect and dissipating broadband vibration energy. The volume of the auxiliary air chamber 306 is adjusted to 0.5L, providing a moderate damping ratio (e.g., 0.3), effectively suppressing conventional vibrations. When the motor speed approaches the critical speed (e.g., 12000rpm), the vibration intensifies. Vibration sensor 2 detects the vibration acceleration signal and transmits it to the controller. The controller analyzes the signal using FFT to identify the dominant vibration frequency as 200Hz, corresponding to the critical speed, and extracts the real-time phase.

[0025] The controller generates a PWM control signal that is synchronized with the vibration frequency but out of phase, driving the high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve 304. For example, when the vibration velocity is upward, the controller outputs a high-level signal, causing the valve to open and an external air source (e.g., at a pressure of 0.6 MPa) to inflate the main flexible airbag 302, generating a downward active damping force. When the vibration velocity is downward, the controller outputs a low-level signal, causing the valve to close and the main flexible airbag 302 to deflate, reducing the upward force. This cycle repeats, ensuring that the active damping force is always opposite to the vibration velocity, precisely canceling out the resonant energy.

[0026] Due to its extremely short air path and pressure response delay of less than 1ms, the system can effectively track high-frequency vibrations up to 200Hz. It can reduce the vibration amplitude near the critical speed from 10μm to 4μm, demonstrating significant vibration reduction. With an air path length of only 20mm, combined with a high-speed switching valve (response time <5ms), the overall system response frequency can reach 250Hz, exceeding the response frequency of traditional pneumatic systems (typically <50Hz), thus solving the problems of long air paths and slow response in traditional pneumatic systems.

[0027] Example 2 See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a vertical high-speed motor active-passive pneumatic vibration damping system based on adaptive control. The structure of this system is basically the same as in Embodiment 1, except that the controller uses a DSP and an adaptive control algorithm, enabling it to adjust control parameters in real time according to motor speed to cope with changes in operating conditions. The air path length between the high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve 304 and the main flexible airbag 302 is 20mm. The volume of the auxiliary air chamber 306 is continuously adjustable via an adjustable baffle, ranging from 0.2L to 1.0L. The vibration sensor 2 is a non-contact eddy current displacement sensor, installed near the motor journal to directly monitor shaft vibration displacement.

[0028] The controller is based on a model reference adaptive control algorithm, and the steps are as follows: A system operation model of the vertical high-speed motor body 1 and the active / passive pneumatic damping actuator 3 is established. The model includes passive damping dynamics and the active control channel. System parameters (such as damping ratio and stiffness) are estimated in real time, and the model is updated according to the motor speed. The controller gain and phase compensation parameters are adjusted using the gradient descent method to optimally match the vibration characteristics with the output force.

[0029] The motor operates under varying conditions, such as accelerating from startup to its rated speed of 15,000 rpm. The passive damping system operates continuously, and the volume of the auxiliary air chamber 306 automatically adjusts according to the load. For example, at low speeds, the volume is adjusted to 0.2L to provide high stiffness; at high speeds, the volume is adjusted to 1.0L to provide high damping.

[0030] Vibration sensor 2 monitors vibration displacement signals in real time. The controller analyzes the signal and identifies the dominant vibration frequency and phase. When the rotational speed passes through multiple critical speed points (such as 8000 rpm, 12000 rpm), the controller adaptively adjusts the control parameters. For example, at 8000 rpm, the dominant vibration frequency is 133 Hz, and the controller gain is set to Kp=1.5; at 12000 rpm, the frequency is 200 Hz, and the gain is adjusted to Kp=2.5.

[0031] The controller generates a PWM control signal to drive the high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve 304. The PWM frequency is synchronized with the main vibration frequency, and the duty cycle is dynamically adjusted according to the vibration amplitude; the duty cycle increases when the amplitude is large. The active damping force precisely counteracts the vibration, especially near the critical speed, suppressing the vibration amplitude within a safe range (less than 5μm).

[0032] The vertical high-speed motor active and passive aerodynamic vibration reduction system based on adaptive control also has a learning function: it records historical vibration data, optimizes the control parameter library, and improves the accuracy of subsequent control.

[0033] The vertical high-speed motor active and passive vibration reduction system and method provided in this invention have the following beneficial effects: The active and passive vibration reduction system and method for a vertical high-speed motor provided in this invention comprises an active damping system consisting of a controller and a high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve, and a built-in passive damping system consisting of a damping orifice plate and an auxiliary air chamber. In the active damping system, the air path length between the valve core outlet of the high-speed switching pneumatic servo valve and the inner cavity of the main flexible airbag is extremely short (less than 50mm), significantly reducing air pressure delay and achieving a response frequency of several hundred hertz, effectively tracking high-speed vibration changes. The passive damping system handles wide-frequency vibrations, reducing the burden on active control; the active damping system precisely suppresses vibrations, improving the overall energy efficiency ratio. The active and passive damping systems work together to solve vibration problems, enabling rapid and effective suppression of vibration in the vertical high-speed motor. This active and passive vibration reduction system for a vertical high-speed motor can reduce the vibration amplitude at critical speeds by more than 60%. The controller employs an adaptive algorithm, which can adjust parameters in real time according to the motor speed to adapt to different operating conditions.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical high speed motor active and passive damping system, comprising: The motor body and the motor base are characterized in that: further comprising: a controller, a vibration sensor and at least one integrated active-passive pneumatic damping actuator, the actuator is arranged between the motor body and the motor base; the actuator comprises: an upper connecting plate, a main flexible air bag, an intermediate valve plate, a high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve, a damping hole plate, a secondary air chamber and a lower connecting plate arranged coaxially from top to bottom; The high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve is installed on the side or internal cavity of the intermediate valve plate, the gas outlet of the high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve is communicated with the inner cavity of the main flexible air bag through the gas path arranged in the intermediate valve plate, and the length of the gas path between the valve core outlet of the high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve and the inner cavity of the main flexible air bag is less than 50mm; the gas inlet of the high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve is connected with the external gas source through the gas inlet channel arranged in the intermediate valve plate; The vibration sensor is signal connected with the motor body and is used for detecting the vibration signal of the motor body; The input end of the controller is signal connected with the vibration sensor, the output end of the controller is signal connected with the high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve; the controller generates a control instruction according to the vibration signal to drive the high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve to act.

2. The vertical high speed motor active and passive damping system of claim 1, wherein: At least one throttling damping hole is arranged on the damping hole plate and is used for communicating the main flexible air bag with the secondary air chamber.

3. The vertical high speed motor active and passive damping system of claim 1, wherein: The intermediate valve plate is a rigid member, and the upper and lower end faces of the intermediate valve are provided with sealing grooves for mounting sealing rings.

4. The vertical high speed motor active and passive damping system of claim 1, wherein: The controller adopts a pulse width modulation mode to control the high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve, so that the active damping force generated by the high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve is opposite to the vibration speed direction of the motor body.

5. The vertical high speed motor active and passive damping system of claim 1, wherein: The integrated active-passive pneumatic damping actuator is arranged as four and is circumferentially distributed between the motor body and the motor base.

6. The vertical high speed motor active and passive damping system of claim 1, wherein: The secondary air chamber is made of stainless steel material, and the volume of the secondary air chamber is adjusted through an adjustable partition plate or an external inflation device.

7. The vertical high speed motor active and passive damping system of claim 1, wherein: The controller comprises a digital signal processor and a driving circuit, the digital signal processor executes an adaptive control algorithm, and the driving circuit is used for driving the high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve to work.

8. A damping method for a vertical high-speed motor active-passive damping system based on the system of any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, monitoring the vibration signal of the motor body in real time through the vibration sensor; Step S2, providing continuous passive damping dissipation for full-band vibration through the damping hole and the secondary air chamber structure in the actuator; Step S3, the controller analyzes the vibration signal and identifies the vibration main frequency and real-time phase that need to be focused on; Step S4, the controller generates a control signal matched with the vibration frequency and opposite in phase to drive the high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve integrated in the intermediate valve plate to work; Step S5, the high-speed switch pneumatic servo valve is used for rapidly and accurately inflating and exhausting the main flexible air bag to generate an active damping force opposite to the vibration speed, so that the specific vibration energy is accurately suppressed; Step S6, according to the change of the motor speed, the control parameters are adaptively adjusted to realize the full-working-condition optimization damping of the active-passive cooperation.

9. The damping method of the vertical high-speed motor active-passive damping system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S4, the control signal adopts a pulse width modulation waveform, the frequency of which is synchronized with the vibration main frequency, and the duty cycle is dynamically adjusted according to the vibration amplitude. In the step S6, the adaptive adjustment of the control parameter includes: updating the gain and phase compensation parameter of the controller in real time according to the motor speed.

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