PVC (polyvinyl chloride) gel material taking liquid metal as filler and preparation method of PVC gel material

Abstract

The invention relates to a PVC gel material with liquid metal as filler and a preparation method thereof.The method comprises the steps that eutectic gallium-indium alloy is soaked in ethyl alcohol and subjected to ultrasonic treatment through an ultrasonic probe, and after ultrasonic treatment is completed, a mixture is centrifuged to remove supernatant liquid; standing the precipitate in a ventilated container to obtain the eutectic gallium-indium alloy filler with the oxidized surface; the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding dibutyl adipate and tetrahydrofuran into a container at the normal temperature of 25 DEG C, and magnetically stirring the mixture until the mixture is in a completely homogeneous state; adding polyvinyl chloride powder into the solution step by step and stirring to obtain a uniform polyvinyl chloride matrix solution; and mixing the eutectic gallium-indium alloy filler with the solution to obtain the uniform PVC / LM composite slurry. The gallium-based liquid metal is added into the accelerated polyvinyl chloride gel to serve as a filler, the conductivity of the material is enhanced, a unique interface polarization mechanism is formed by filling the gallium-based liquid metal, the dielectric constant is enhanced, and therefore the mechanical performance of the material is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of PVC gel material preparation, specifically a PVC gel material using liquid metal as a filler and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, PVC gel (PVCg) materials show great potential for actuation in artificial muscle applications due to their low cost, simple preparation, and high flexibility. However, its inherent insulation properties result in a low dielectric constant, severely limiting actuation performance. To address this challenge, introducing conductive fillers has become a major strategy. Currently, the aggregation of rigid fillers inevitably impairs the mechanical properties of the material. We have prepared a novel flexible composite material (PVCg / LM) using flexible gallium-based liquid metal (LM) as filler and PVCg as substrate, effectively integrating the advantages of traditional fillers while overcoming their fundamental limitations through a synergistic reinforcement mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a PVC gel material using liquid metal as a filler and its preparation method. The technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A method for preparing PVC gel material using liquid metal as filler, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the eutectic gallium indium alloy in ethanol and perform ultrasonic treatment using an ultrasonic probe. After ultrasonic treatment, centrifuge the mixture to remove the supernatant. Step 2: The precipitate is left to stand in a ventilated container to obtain a eutectic gallium indium alloy filler with surface oxidation. Step 3: Add dibutyl adipate and tetrahydrofuran to a container at room temperature (25°C) and stir the mixture magnetically until it is completely homogeneous. Step 4: Gradually add polyvinyl chloride powder to the solution from step 3 and stir to obtain a homogeneous polyvinyl chloride solution; Step 5: The eutectic gallium indium alloy filler obtained in Step 2 is mixed with the solution in Step 4 to obtain a uniform PVCg / LM composite slurry; Step 6: Place the slurry in a well-ventilated environment to allow the solvent to evaporate completely, ultimately obtaining PVCg / LM material.

[0004] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride is 1 to 6 parts.

[0005] Furthermore, the mass ratio of dibutyl adipic acid is 2 to 36 parts.

[0006] Furthermore, the mass ratio of tetrahydrofuran is 0.8 to 4 parts.

[0007] Furthermore, the mass fraction of the eutectic gallium-indium alloy is 0.01 to 0.5 parts.

[0008] Furthermore, the ultrasonic treatment time in the first step is 20 to 40 minutes.

[0009] Furthermore, the mixing time in the fourth step is 8 to 16 hours.

[0010] A PVC gel material with liquid metal as filler is obtained by a method for preparing a PVC gel material with liquid metal as filler.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by adding gallium-based liquid metal as a filler to the accelerated polyvinyl chloride gel, the conductivity of the material is enhanced. The filling of gallium-based liquid metal forms a unique interfacial polarization mechanism, which enhances the dielectric constant and thus improves the mechanical properties of the material, especially the driving performance. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure resistance test results of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be described more clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments. Of course, the described embodiments are only a part of the present invention and not all of it. Based on this embodiment, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0015] A method for preparing PVC gel material using liquid metal as filler, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the eutectic gallium indium alloy in ethanol and perform ultrasonic treatment using an ultrasonic probe. After ultrasonic treatment, centrifuge the mixture to remove the supernatant. Step 2: The precipitate is left to stand in a ventilated container to obtain a eutectic gallium indium alloy filler with surface oxidation. Step 3: Add dibutyl adipate and tetrahydrofuran to a container at room temperature (25°C) and stir the mixture magnetically until it is completely homogeneous. Step 4: Gradually add polyvinyl chloride powder to the solution from step 3 and stir to obtain a homogeneous polyvinyl chloride solution; Step 5: The eutectic gallium indium alloy filler obtained in Step 2 is mixed with the solution in Step 4 to obtain a uniform PVCg / LM composite slurry; Step 6: Place the slurry in a well-ventilated environment to allow the solvent to evaporate completely, ultimately obtaining PVCg / LM material.

[0016] The polyvinyl chloride mass ratio is 1 to 6 parts; The mass ratio of dibutyl adipic acid is 2 to 36 parts.

[0017] The mass ratio of tetrahydrofuran is 0.8 to 4 parts.

[0018] The mass fraction of the eutectic gallium-indium alloy is 0.01 to 0.5 parts.

[0019] The ultrasonic treatment time in the first step is 20 to 40 minutes.

[0020] The stirring time in the fourth step is 8 to 16 hours.

[0021] A PVC gel material with liquid metal as filler is obtained by a method for preparing a PVC gel material with liquid metal as filler.

[0022] The present invention includes the following embodiments: Embodiment 1:

[0023] Step 1: Immerse 10g of eutectic gallium indium alloy in 10ml of ethanol and sonicate for 30 minutes using an ultrasonic probe; then centrifuge the mixture (3000 rpm, 10 minutes) to remove the supernatant. Step 2: Allow the remaining precipitate to be placed in an open container for a specified time, thereby obtaining a eutectic gallium indium alloy filler with surface oxidation through natural aging; Step 3: Add 9g of dibutyl adipate and 40mL of tetrahydrofuran to a beaker at room temperature. Stir the mixture magnetically for 10 minutes to ensure complete homogenization. Step 4: Gradually add 1.5g of polyvinyl chloride powder to the solution from step 3, and continue stirring for 12 hours to obtain a homogeneous polyvinyl chloride solution; Step 5: Take 0.01g of the eutectic gallium indium alloy filler obtained in Step 2 and mix it with the polyvinyl chloride solution in Step 4 through vigorous mechanical mixing to obtain a uniform PVCg / LM composite slurry. Step 6: Transfer the slurry to an evaporation tray and place it in a fume hood for 24 hours to allow the solvent to evaporate completely, finally obtaining PVCg / LM material.

[0024] Example 2: Step 1: Immerse 10g of eutectic gallium indium alloy in 10ml of ethanol and sonicate for 30 minutes using an ultrasonic probe; then centrifuge the mixture (3000 rpm, 10 minutes) to remove the supernatant. Step 2: Allow the remaining precipitate to be placed in an open container for a specified time, thereby obtaining a eutectic gallium indium alloy filler with surface oxidation through natural aging; Step 3: Add 9g of dibutyl adipate and 40mL of tetrahydrofuran to a beaker at room temperature. Stir the mixture magnetically for 10 minutes to ensure complete homogenization. Step 4: Gradually add 1.5g of polyvinyl chloride powder to the solution from step 3, and continue stirring for 12 hours to obtain a homogeneous polyvinyl chloride solution; Step 5: Take 0.11g of the eutectic gallium indium alloy filler obtained in Step 2 and mix it with the polyvinyl chloride solution in Step 4 through vigorous mechanical mixing to obtain a uniform PVCg / LM composite slurry; Step 6: Transfer the slurry to an evaporation tray and place it in a fume hood for 24 hours to allow the solvent to evaporate completely, finally obtaining PVCg / LM material.

[0025] Example 3: Step 1: Immerse 10g of eutectic gallium indium alloy in 10ml of ethanol and sonicate for 30 minutes using an ultrasonic probe; then centrifuge the mixture (3000 rpm, 10 minutes) to remove the supernatant. Step 2: Allow the remaining precipitate to be placed in an open container for a specified time, thereby obtaining a eutectic gallium indium alloy filler with surface oxidation through natural aging; Step 3: Add 9g of dibutyl adipate and 40mL of tetrahydrofuran to a beaker at room temperature. Stir the mixture magnetically for 10 minutes to ensure complete homogenization. Step 4: Gradually add 1.5g of polyvinyl chloride powder to the solution from step 3, and continue stirring for 12 hours to obtain a homogeneous polyvinyl chloride solution; Step 5: Take 0.32g of the eutectic gallium indium alloy filler obtained in Step 2 and mix it with the polyvinyl chloride solution in Step 4 through vigorous mechanical mixing to obtain a uniform PVCg / LM composite slurry; Step 6: Transfer the slurry to an evaporation tray and place it in a fume hood for 24 hours to allow the solvent to evaporate completely, finally obtaining PVCg / LM material.

[0026] In the above embodiments, a DC voltage ranging from 100 to 1000V was applied to the copper electrodes on both sides of the PVC / LM material using a withstand voltage tester. The tip displacement was recorded using a high-speed laser sensor, and the results of the system analysis are as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0027] like Figure 1The PVCg shown is the material without added eutectic gallium indium alloy filler. PVCg / LM0.1 is Example 1, PVCg / LM1 is Example 2, and PVCg / LM3 is Example 3. Among them, Example 2 has the best effect.

[0028] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely prisms of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a PVC gel material with liquid metal as filler, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: First step: eutectic gallium indium alloy is soaked in ethanol and ultrasonic treatment is performed using an ultrasonic probe. After the ultrasonic treatment is completed, the mixture is centrifuged to remove the supernatant; Second step: the precipitate is left to stand in a ventilated container to obtain surface-oxidized eutectic gallium indium alloy filler; Third step: dibutyl adipate and tetrahydrofuran are added to the container at room temperature 25°C, and the mixture is magnetically stirred until it is completely homogeneous; Fourth step: PVC powder is gradually added to the solution of the third step and stirring is performed to obtain a uniform PVC matrix solution; Fifth step: the eutectic gallium indium alloy filler obtained in the second step is mixed with the solution of the fourth step to obtain a uniform PVCg / LM composite slurry; Sixth step: the slurry is placed in a ventilated environment to allow the solvent to completely evaporate, and finally a PVCg / LM material is obtained.

2. The method for preparing a PVC gel material filled with liquid metal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the PVC is 1 to 6 parts.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The mass ratio of dibutyl adipate is 2 to 36 parts. ​ 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the step of: 4-1) adding a liquid metal into the PVC gel material. The mass ratio of tetrahydrofuran is 0.8 to 4 parts.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The mass ratio of eutectic gallium indium alloy is 0.01 to 0.5 parts. ​ 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The ultrasonic treatment time in the first step is 20 to 40 minutes. ​ 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid metal is selected from the group consisting of mercury, gallium, indium, tin, lead, bismuth, and mixtures thereof. The stirring time in the fourth step is 8 to 16 hours.

8. A PVC gel material with liquid metal as filler, characterized in that: A PVC gel material prepared using the method of any one of claims 1 to 7. A PVC gel material prepared using the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

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