45-degree parting special-shaped sealing ring mold and scraping machining process thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a 45-degree parting special-shaped sealing ring mold and a scraping machining process thereof, and belongs to the technical field of molds. The mold comprises an upper mold plate and a lower mold plate, the upper mold plate is provided with a positioning column, the lower mold plate is provided with a positioning sleeve, the positioning column is in clearance fit with the positioning sleeve, the upper mold plate is provided with a guide column, the lower mold plate is correspondingly provided with a through hole matched with the guide column, and when the upper mold plate and the lower mold plate do relative mold closing or mold opening movement, the guide column slides in the axial direction of the through hole; the upper cavity is located on the upper die plate, the lower cavity is located on the lower die plate, and the upper cavity and the lower cavity jointly form a product cavity. Edge removing grooves are formed in the two sides of the product cavity and communicate with the flash groove. Based on a machining center with a contour control function, according to the steps of firstly setting a coordinate system and then adopting a scraping tool to carry out rough machining and fine machining on a mold, the technical problems that in the prior art, the 45-degree parting special-shaped sealing ring is large in machining difficulty, large in accumulated error and unstable in product quality are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a 45-degree split profile seal ring mold and its scraping machining process, belonging to the technical field of molds. BACKGROUND

[0002] Profile seal rings are widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, precision instruments and many other fields due to their special sealing adaptability. However, the split precision of the profile seal ring forming mold is often insufficient, the cavity machining quality is poor, the overflow processing is difficult, and the subsequent edge removal is cumbersome during the design and processing. The traditional mold split method is mostly horizontal or vertical split. For profiled seal rings, the split surface is not tightly fitted, and the product has too much flash. At the same time, in the cavity processing link, the conventional processing method cannot guarantee the size precision and surface roughness of the profiled cavity, especially for profiled seal ring cavities with different line diameters, the processing stability is poor, and defects such as tool marks are easily left on the cavity surface, which seriously affects the sealing performance and service life of the seal ring. In addition, the unreasonable selection of tool and tool path planning in the traditional processing technology further aggravates the problem of insufficient processing precision, resulting in positioning accuracy deviation after mold assembly, affecting the product forming quality.

[0003] In the prior art, patent application number 202310321220.3 discloses a whole multi-cavity 45° O-ring mold without edge removal and its processing method. The processing method includes: the milling process of the 45° O-cavity A of the upper mold plate and the 45° O-cavity B of the lower mold plate with space gap. Since the milling cutter spherical surface has a gap from the 45° O-cavity A and the 45° O-cavity B during processing, the problem of the turning tool head not being able to extend into the turning mold plate 45° O-cavity is solved. The 45-degree split O-ring is usually processed by a numerical control lathe to process a core, and then the core is embedded in the mold, or a macro program scraping method is used to complete the processing. However, for 45-degree split profile seal rings, due to the particularity of their profiled structure, they cannot be processed by a numerical control lathe, and it is also difficult to customize a macro program for processing. Only the 5-axis numerical control machining center can be used to process the core, and then the core is embedded in the mold. This processing method has many defects: on the one hand, the cavity center distance is large, which reduces the number of cavities on the mold and affects the production efficiency; on the other hand, the number of inserts is large, which is prone to cumulative errors, which may cause the heights of some cores to be inconsistent, thereby seriously affecting the production quality of profiled seal rings and unable to guarantee the consistency and stability of the products.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a profiled seal ring mold structure and processing technology that can solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the technical problems of the prior art, such as large processing difficulty, small number of die cavities, large cumulative error and unstable product quality of the 45-degree parting special-shaped sealing ring, the present application provides a 45-degree parting special-shaped sealing ring die and a scraping processing technology thereof, aiming to improve the processing precision and production efficiency of the 45-degree parting special-shaped sealing ring die, reduce the cumulative error and ensure the product quality.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is a 45-degree parting special-shaped sealing ring die, comprising an upper die plate and a lower die plate; the upper die plate is provided with a positioning column, and the lower die plate is provided with a positioning sleeve; the positioning column and the positioning sleeve are gap-fitted; the upper die plate is provided with a guide column, and the lower die plate is provided with a through hole corresponding to the guide column; when the upper die plate and the lower die plate are relatively closed or opened, the guide column slides along the axial direction of the through hole; an upper cavity is located on the upper die plate, and a lower cavity is located on the lower die plate; the upper cavity and the lower cavity jointly form a product cavity; a deburring groove is arranged on both sides of the product cavity, and the deburring groove is communicated with a flash groove.

[0007] The present application also provides a scraping processing technology of a 45-degree parting special-shaped sealing ring die, which is realized based on a machining center with contour control (CS) function, and comprises the following steps: S1: positioning and coordinate system setting: installing the upper die plate to be processed on the machining center, setting the center of the die as the origin (X0, Y0) of the workpiece coordinate system, and setting the top surface of the die as the Z0 reference surface; S2: rough machining: rough machining of the upper die plate, with a processing allowance reserved after rough machining; S3: scraping tool installation and correction: setting the spindle speed to the conventional machining speed function, installing the scraping tool on the adjustable eccentric boring tool shank, correcting the center of the scraping tool, and adjusting the eccentric distance to make the center of the spindle coincide with the reference edge of the scraping tool; S4: tool reference surface adjustment and CS function setting: adjusting the scraping tool holder reference surface to the X-axis direction and leveling, switching the spindle speed to the CS function and setting it to the C0 reference position; S5: 45° equidistant feed scraping processing: controlling the scraping tool to perform 45° equidistant feed scraping processing through a pre-set program; S6: lower die plate processing: processing the lower die plate according to steps S1-S5.

[0008] As a further scheme of the present application, the processing allowance reserved is 0.10mm on a single side.

[0009] As a further scheme of the present application, the type cavity with a wire diameter ≤8mm is completed by one-time scraping, and the type cavity with a wire diameter >8mm is completed by two-time scraping.

[0010] As a further scheme of the present application, the two-time scraping is specifically that 0.05mm of allowance is reserved in the first scraping, and then the second scraping is completed.

[0011] As a further scheme of the present application, the shape of the tool head of the scraping tool in S5 is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the profiled sealing ring.

[0012] As a further scheme of the present application, the tool path trajectory of the scraping machining in S5 is planned as follows: an extension plane is made along the 45° direction from the bottom point of the cavity, a ball tool is used to plan the "surface machining" tool path trajectory, and the scraping tool is used to make 45° equidistant scraping machining along the extension plane; and 45° oblique uniform spiral feeding is used, and after the machining is completed, 45° reverse oblique feeding is used.

[0013] The present application discloses a 45-degree parting profiled sealing ring mold and a scraping machining process thereof, which has the following technical effects compared with the prior art: the mold adopts a 45-degree parting structure, and the precise positioning of the positioning column and the positioning sleeve and the guiding and limiting of the guide column and the through hole significantly improve the clamping precision of the upper and lower mold plates, avoid collision damage of the cavity, and ensure the forming precision of the profiled sealing ring; at the same time, the parting surface on both sides of the parting groove cooperates with the overflow groove, which can not only efficiently discharge the excess material in the forming process, but also simplify the parting operation of the subsequent product and improve the production efficiency; the scraping machining process is realized based on the machining center with CS function, and the consistency of the machining reference is ensured through precise coordinate system setting, tool correction and CS function positioning; different scraping tools are used for cavities with different wire diameters, taking into account the machining efficiency and machining quality; the tool path planning of 45° oblique spiral feeding and feeding effectively avoids the generation of feeding marks and improves the surface quality of the cavity; the machining center with CS function is used to directly scrape the mold plate, realizing the machining of all processes (including the scraping machining of the 45-degree profiled cavity) in one clamping, effectively avoiding the positioning error caused by multiple clamping, and significantly improving the machining precision of the mold; compared with the method of machining the mold core and then embedding in the prior art, the present application directly scrapes the cavity on the mold plate, without the need to set multiple inserts, greatly increasing the number of cavities on the mold plate and improving the production efficiency of the mold; at the same time, the cumulative error caused by the large number of inserts is reduced, the risk of mold plate deformation is reduced, and the consistency of the machining precision of the cavity and the product quality is further ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1It is shown that the 45 degree split profile sealing ring mold top view; Figure 2 It is shown that the 45 degree split profile sealing ring mold front view; Figure 3 It is shown that the workpiece coordinate system setting diagram; Figure 4 It is shown that the cutter reference surface adjustment diagram; Figure 5 It is shown that the CS function setting diagram; Figure 6 It is shown that the lower die plate 45° equidistant feed scraping processing diagram; Figure 7 It is shown that the lower die plate tool path trajectory extension surface planning diagram.

[0016] As shown in the figure: 1, the upper die plate; 2, the lower die plate; 3, the positioning column; 4, the positioning sleeve; 5, the guide column; 6, the through hole; 7, the upper cavity; 8, the lower cavity; 9, the edge removal groove; 10, the overflow groove; 11, the scraping cutter; 12, the adjustable eccentric boring tool handle; 13, the micrometer; 14, the barb. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The description of the at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, but not as any limitation on the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] In order to further understand the inventive content of the present application, the technical scheme will be further described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments.

[0019] Embodiment 1: The present embodiment provides a 45 degree split profile sealing ring mold, comprising an upper die plate 1 and a lower die plate 2; the four corners of the upper die plate 1 are fixedly provided with positioning columns 3, and the four corners of the lower die plate 2 are correspondingly provided with positioning sleeve 4 mounting holes, and the positioning sleeve 4 is embedded in the positioning sleeve 4 mounting hole, and the positioning column 3 and the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 4 are gap fitted, realizing the accurate positioning of the upper die plate 1 and the lower die plate 2; the upper die plate 1 is also fixedly connected with a guide column 5, and the lower die plate 2 is correspondingly provided with a through hole 6 matched with the guide column 5, when the upper die plate 1 and the lower die plate 2 are relatively closed or opened, the guide column 5 slides along the axial direction of the through hole 6, playing a guiding and limiting role, avoiding the damage of the upper die plate 1 and the lower die plate 2 to the cavity.

[0020] The product cavity of the mold is parted at a 45-degree angle, consisting of an upper cavity 7 and a lower cavity 8 that fit each other. The upper cavity 7 is integrally formed on the lower surface of the upper mold plate 1, and the lower cavity 8 is integrally formed on the upper surface of the lower mold plate 2. Demolding grooves 9 are provided on both sides of the 45-degree parting surface of the product cavity. The end of the demolding groove 9 away from the cavity is connected to an overflow groove 10. During the molding process, excess rubber material can flow into the overflow groove 10 through the demolding groove 9, facilitating the separation of the overflow from the product after molding. The demolding groove 9 provides space for force application for subsequent removal of flash, facilitating the demolding operation.

[0021] The mold cavity has a complex cross-section and is in the form of a hook 14 on the mold, which cannot be achieved by normal O-ring machining tools and processes.

[0022] Example 2: This example provides a scraping process for a 45-degree parting irregular-shaped sealing ring mold, specifically including the following steps: S1: As Figure 3 As shown, the upper template 1 to be processed is placed on the worktable of the machining center, the permanent magnet chuck switch is turned on, and the upper template 1 is fixed on the worktable of the machining center. The flatness of the upper template 1 is corrected using a dial indicator to ensure positioning accuracy. The workpiece coordinate system is established with the geometric center of the mold as the origin, the top surface of the mold is set as the Z0 reference plane, and the parameters of the coordinate system are input into the machining center controller. S2: Use a carbide end mill to mill the upper template 1. The machining includes the reference surface of the upper template 1, the mounting holes of the positioning pin 3, the mounting holes of the guide pin 5, and the rough machining outline of the upper cavity 7. After rough machining, leave a machining allowance of 0.10mm on one side. S3: As Figure 4 As shown, the spindle speed mode of the machining center is set to "normal machining speed". The scraping tool 11 is mounted on the adjustable eccentric boring bar holder 12. The dial indicator 13 is fixed on the machining center worktable. The spindle is rotated to detect the radial runout of the scraping tool 11. By adjusting the eccentricity of the adjustable eccentric boring bar holder 12, the center of the scraping tool 11 is corrected so that the rotation center of the spindle is completely coincident with the reference edge of the scraping tool 11. The scraping tool 11 is made of 40mm×12mm×12mm square carbide by slow wire cutting. The shape of the tool tip is consistent with the cross section of the irregular sealing ring to be processed. The dimensional accuracy is ±0.001mm, the surface roughness Ra is 0.4µm, and the hardness is HRC72. S4: Manually rotate the spindle to adjust the reference surface on the tool holder to be parallel to the X-axis of the machining coordinate system. Use a dial indicator 13 to level the reference surface, ensuring a parallelism error ≤ 0.002mm. Then switch the spindle speed mode to "CS" function and set the initial spindle angle to C0. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 ; S5: Call the preset scraping machining program in the machining center controller. In this embodiment, the wire diameter of the irregular sealing ring to be machined is Ø10mm, so a two-cut machining method is adopted: the first cut is a semi-finishing, scraping along a 45-degree equidistant feed trajectory, see... Figure 6 Leave a 0.1mm finishing allowance; the second cut is for finishing, extending along the 45° direction from the bottom cutting point of the irregular sealing ring cavity, using the "surface machining" toolpath planned by the ball end mill, see... Figure 7 The ball end mill is replaced by scraping tool 11 to perform equidistant scraping at 45 degrees on the generated "surface machining" toolpath. The tool entry method adopts a uniform spiral entry at a 45° direction with a spiral rise angle of 5° to avoid tool marks caused by vertical entry. After machining is completed, the toolpath is reversed and retracted at a 45° direction to further ensure the machining quality of the cavity surface.

[0023] The "surface machining trajectory", "helix rise angle", and "45° oblique retraction" are all parameters set by the programming software.

[0024] S6: After the upper template 1 is processed, turn off the permanent magnet chuck switch to make the workpiece lose the strong magnetic attraction force and remove the upper template 1; install the lower template 2 on the machining center workbench and repeat the steps S1-S5 above to complete the machining of the reference surface, the mounting hole of the positioning sleeve 4, the through hole 6 and the lower cavity 8 of the lower template 2. S7: Press the positioning pin 3 into the mounting hole of the positioning pin 3 of the upper template 1, press the positioning sleeve 4 into the mounting hole of the positioning sleeve 4 of the lower template 2, and fix the guide pin 5 into the mounting hole of the guide pin 5 of the upper template 1 with bolts, thus completing the assembly of the 45-degree parting irregular sealing ring mold.

[0025] The 45-degree parting shaped sealing ring mold processed in this embodiment has been tested and found to have a cavity dimensional accuracy of ±0.005mm, a surface roughness Ra of 0.4µm, and can have 9 cavities on the same template (5 more cavities than the existing inlaid mold). The cavity height consistency error is ≤0.003mm. The 45-degree parting shaped sealing rings produced using this mold have excellent sealing performance and a product qualification rate of over 99.5%, meeting the needs of customers.

[0026] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mold for a 45 degree split profile seal ring, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a mould plate machining device, including upper mould plate (1) and lower mould plate (2), upper mould plate (1) is equipped with positioning column (3), lower mould plate (2) is equipped with positioning sleeve (4), positioning column (3) and positioning sleeve (4) gap cooperation, upper mould plate (1) is equipped with guide column (5), and lower mould plate (2) is correspondingly provided with the through -hole (6) of adapting with guide column (5) on, when upper mould plate (1) and lower mould plate (2) relative closing or opening mould movement, guide column (5) along the axial sliding of through -hole (6), upper cavity (7) is located on upper mould plate (1), and lower cavity (8) is located on lower mould plate (2), and upper cavity (7) and lower cavity (8) jointly constitute product cavity, and both sides of product cavity are provided with the unthreaded slot (9) of edge, and the unthreaded slot (9) is communicated with overflow groove (10).

2. A skiving process for a 45 degree split profile seal ring die, characterized by, Realization based on machining center with profile control function, comprising the following steps: S1: positioning and coordinate system setting: install the upper mould plate (1) to be machined on the machining center, set the mold center as the workpiece coordinate system origin (X0, Y0), and the mold top surface is the Z0 reference surface; S2: rough machining: rough machining is carried out on the upper mould plate (1), and a machining allowance is reserved after rough machining; S3: installation and correction of scraping tool (11): set the spindle speed to the conventional machining speed function, install the scraping tool (11) on the adjustable eccentric boring tool holder (12), correct the center of the scraping tool (11), and adjust the eccentric distance to make the spindle rotation center coincide with the reference edge of the scraping tool (11); S4: tool reference surface adjustment and profile control function setting: adjust the scraping tool (11) chuck reference surface to the X-axis direction and flatten, switch the spindle speed to the profile control function and set to the C0 reference position; S5: 45° equidistant feed scraping machining: control the scraping tool (11) to carry out 45° equidistant feed scraping machining through a preset program; S6: lower mould plate (2) machining: process the lower mould plate (2) according to steps S1-S5.

3. The skiving process of claim 2, wherein, The machining allowance is 0.10mm on one side.

4. The skiving process of claim 2, wherein, In S5, the cavity with a wire diameter of less than or equal to 8mm is completed by one-time scraping, and the cavity with a wire diameter greater than 8mm is completed by two-time scraping.

5. The skiving process of a mold for a 45-degree split profile seal ring according to claim 4, wherein The two-time scraping is specifically that 0.05mm allowance is reserved in the first-time scraping, and then the second-time scraping is completed.

6. The skiving process of a mold for a 45-degree split profile seal ring according to claim 2, wherein The tool head shape of the scraping tool (11) in S5 is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the special-shaped sealing ring.

7. The skiving process of a mold for a 45 degree split profile seal ring as defined in claim 2 wherein, The tool path trajectory planning of the scraping machining in S5 is that an extension plane is made along the 45° direction from the cavity bottom point, a ball cutter is used to plan the "surface machining" tool path trajectory, and the scraping tool is scraped along the extension plane at an angle of 45 degrees; and the tool is uniformly helically fed at an angle of 45 degrees, and after machining, the tool is withdrawn at an angle of 45 degrees in reverse.

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