Floating clamp

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of turning, in particular to a floating clamp. Existing part blanks such as bearing rings are generally formed by forging on a forging bed after bar blanking, and the parts of the type have large outer circle roundness errors. In automatic equipment, the outer diameter needs to be roughly ground through a grinding machine, and cost is high. A main shaft is provided with a flange plate, backer seats and clamp seats are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the flange plate, a pull rod is arranged in the main shaft, conical sleeves are arranged in the clamp seats, spring clamps are arranged in the conical sleeves, floating clamping blocks and the spring clamps are arranged in a free floating mode, and the floating amount is controlled by a control piece. A backer is arranged on the backer seat, and a workpiece abuts against the backer and is clamped and loosened by the floating clamping block; whether the position of the workpiece is correct or not is detected by the detection mechanism. According to the floating clamp, when the outer diameter roundness of a machined product is not round, the outer diameter can be clamped to machine the inner diameter. The blank is directly processed on equipment, so that the cost is reduced. Feeding can be achieved under the condition that a machine tool spindle rotates, and efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a floating clamp. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the machining of bearing ring and other related parts, the blank is generally cut from a bar and then formed by forging on a forging machine. Due to the difference in weight of the bar, the parts formed by forging also differ, and the outer diameter roundness error of the parts after forging is large. In automatic machining equipment, a grinding machine is needed to perform rough grinding of the outer diameter to meet the clamping requirements, and then the automatic line is processed.

[0003] The increase of the rough grinding process increases the processing cost, the transportation cost and the labor cost, and the processing time is also increased, which greatly increases the production cost. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a floating clamp with a floating function, which can clamp the outer diameter to machine the inner diameter when the outer diameter roundness is not round.

[0005] A floating clamp comprises a main shaft, a flange plate arranged on one side of the main shaft, a backstop seat and a clamp seat arranged on the inner and outer sides of the flange plate respectively, a pull rod arranged in the main shaft, and a power source arranged on the pull rod. A conical sleeve is embedded in the inner side of one end of the clamp seat, a spring clamp is sleeved in the conical sleeve, a plurality of floating clamping blocks are arranged on the spring clamp, the floating clamping blocks and the spring clamp are freely floating, and the floating amount is controlled by a control member. The backstop seat is arranged in the spring clamp, a backstop is sleeved on the backstop seat, and one end of a workpiece abuts against the backstop and is clamped and released by the floating clamping blocks. Whether the placement position of the workpiece is correct or not is detected by a detection mechanism.

[0006] The floating clamp has a floating function, which can clamp the outer diameter to machine the inner diameter when the outer diameter roundness is not round. The original process of rough grinding the outer diameter by a grinding machine is cancelled, and the blank is directly machined on the equipment, which greatly reduces the cost.

[0007] Because the floating clamping blocks are arranged, the floating clamp can directly and automatically feed at a speed of 1000 revolutions per minute of the main shaft of the machine tool, and it can feed under the condition that the main shaft of the machine tool rotates, which greatly improves the production efficiency.

[0008] As a further improvement and supplement to the above-mentioned scheme, the present application further includes the following additional technical features:

[0009] The floating clamping blocks and the spring clamp are rotatably floatingly arranged through a positioning sleeve, which is convenient and fast.

[0010] The control component is at least one locating pin located between each floating block and the spring clamp. The floating amount is controlled by the locating pin, making adjustment convenient and quick.

[0011] The clearance between the inner hole of the spring clamp and the outer diameter of the floating clamp is used to control the floating amount of the floating clamp. This dual-setting of the floating amount ensures good results and guarantees machining quality.

[0012] The aforementioned testing mechanism is a combination of a first air passage I on the main shaft, a second air passage II on the flange, a third air passage III on the backrest, and a fourth air passage IV on the backrest. Compressed air enters from the main shaft and is tested by pressing the air holes with the workpiece on the backrest. It has high accuracy and a high degree of automation.

[0013] The floating clamping block is equipped with a combination of multiple rows of protruding teeth. This increases friction, effectively preventing workpiece slippage and providing strong clamping force.

[0014] The spring clamp and the conical sleeve are connected by an oblique taper, and the opening and closing of the spring clamp are controlled by a pull rod. This allows for convenient control.

[0015] The pull rod is fitted with a pull ring, and the pull ring has multiple pull arms. The pull arms pass through the support seat and engage in the slots of the spring clamp. The structure is reasonable and the action control is correct.

[0016] The tie rod has a copper sleeve on the inside of the flange. This provides effective support and greatly increases its service life.

[0017] The power source is a hydraulic cylinder. It is powerful and has a long service life.

[0018] The following beneficial effects can be achieved by using this invention:

[0019] 1. The floating fixture of this invention has a floating function, enabling the processing of products where the outer diameter is not round, allowing for the machining of the inner diameter while holding the outer diameter. With an outer diameter roundness of 0.5mm, the roundness of the machined inner diameter can be controlled between 0.02-0.04mm, eliminating the need for rough grinding of the outer diameter on a grinding machine, allowing direct machining of the blank on the equipment. This significantly reduces costs.

[0020] 2. The floating function is achieved by fixing the floating clamp to the spring clamp via a positioning sleeve, allowing the floating clamp to float freely. Six positioning pins limit the floating amount of the floating clamp. A certain amount of clearance also exists between the outer diameter of the spring clamp and the floating clamp, providing dual control over the floating amount and ensuring machining quality.

[0021] 3. Unlike other floating fixtures, this invention's floating clamp can automatically feed materials directly at a machine tool spindle speed of 1000 rpm. Most commercially available fixtures require feeding materials while the spindle is stopped, making this invention ideal for use in automatic hydraulic machine tools. It can feed materials while the machine tool spindle is rotating, significantly improving production efficiency.

[0022] 4. The product is positioned using a support structure, which has an airtight anti-deviation detection function. If the product is automatically fed and clamped off-center, the machine will generate an alarm and stop. This ensures correct positioning during clamping. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 In this invention Figure 1 The AA section view shown.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the floating position installation of the floating clamp 10 in this invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure from another direction in this invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating clamp 10 in this invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is the front view of the floating clamp 10 in this invention.

[0029] Figure 7 In this invention Figure 6 The BB cross-sectional view shown.

[0030] Figure 8 In this invention Figure 6 The shown is a CC sectional view.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support base 4 in this invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the pull ring 5 in this invention.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning sleeve 11 in this invention.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the spring clamp 2 and the pull ring 5 in this invention.

[0035] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support 9 in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] like Figures 1-13 As shown, the present invention is a floating clamp.

[0038] The floating clamp described in this embodiment includes a main shaft 1, with a flange 8 disposed on one side of the main shaft 1. The flange 8 and the end face of the main shaft 1 are fitted together and fixed to the main shaft by fasteners. A retaining seat 4 and a clamping seat 3 are respectively disposed on the inner and outer sides of the flange 8. The retaining seat 4 is fitted to the inner end face of the flange 8 and fixed to the flange 8 by fasteners; the clamping seat 3 is engaged with the outer end face of the flange 8 and fixed to the flange 8 by fasteners. A pull rod 13 is disposed inside the main shaft 1, spaced apart from the main shaft 1. The pull rod 13 extends out of the inner hole of the flange 8, with its protruding end located inside the retaining seat 4. A power source is disposed on the pull rod 13 to drive the pull rod 13, which in turn drives the opening and clamping of the spring clamp 2. A conical sleeve 7 is embedded inside one end of the clamping base 3. A spring clamp 2 is fitted inside the conical sleeve 7. The upper part of the spring clamp 2 has a structure with three openings. Multiple floating clamping blocks 10 are provided on the spring clamp 2, that is, there are 3 floating clamping blocks 10 in this embodiment. The floating clamping blocks 10 and the spring clamp 2 are freely floating, and the floating amount is controlled by a control component. A support base 4 is located inside the spring clamp 2. A support 9 is fitted on the support base 4. One end face of the support 9 is attached to and fixed to one end of the support base 4. One end of the workpiece (not shown in the figure) abuts against the support 9 and is clamped and released by the floating clamping blocks 10; that is, the end face of the workpiece is set on the support 9, and its outer diameter is clamped and released by the floating clamping blocks 10. The inner diameter of the floating clamping blocks 10 matches the outer diameter of the workpiece. The correctness of the workpiece placement is detected by a detection mechanism to ensure that it can be loaded while the machine tool spindle is rotating.

[0039] Furthermore, the floating clamp 10 and the spring clamp 2 are rotatably floating together via a positioning sleeve 11. The positioning sleeve 11 consists of two outer cylindrical sections with a countersunk inner hole. A stepped hole 1002 is provided in the middle of the floating clamp 10. The positioning sleeve 11 is fitted onto the stepped hole 1002, with the large cylindrical end face of the positioning sleeve 11 fitting against the stepped end face of the stepped hole 1002. A groove 1101 is provided on the large cylindrical end. During use, a soft part such as rubber is fitted onto the groove 1101 to protect the floating clamp 10 and the positioning sleeve 11 and reduce wear. The small cylindrical end of the positioning sleeve 11 extends out of the floating clamp 10 and is fitted onto the spring clamp 2, with the small cylindrical end face fitting against the spring clamp 2.

[0040] The floating clamp 10 is rotated by the positioning sleeve 11 to achieve the floating setting. After setting, it is fixed by bolts passing through the countersunk hole of the positioning sleeve 11, which is not shown in the figure.

[0041] Further, the control component is a positioning pin 12 located between each floating clamp 10 and the spring clamp 2. In this embodiment, the floating clamp 10 has two positioning holes 1003 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the stepped hole 1002 for mounting the positioning pin 12. The gap between the positioning pin 12 and the positioning hole 1003 is 0.5mm. The positioning pin 12 controls the rotation angle of the floating clamp 10, i.e., the floating amount. With a blank outer diameter roundness of 0.5mm, the fixture of the present invention can control the inner diameter roundness to be between 0.02-0.04mm.

[0042] Furthermore, the gap between the inner hole of the spring clamp 2 and the outer diameter of the floating clamp 10 is configured to control the floating amount of the floating clamp 10. The gap between the inner hole of the spring clamp 2 and the outer diameter of the floating clamp 10 also allows for adjustment of the floating amount of the floating clamp 10. This provides dual control over the floating amount of the floating clamp 10.

[0043] Furthermore, the detection mechanism is a combination of a first air passage I on the main shaft 1, a second air passage II on the flange 8, a third air passage III on the support 4, and a fourth air passage IV on the support 9. Compressed air enters from the main shaft 1. The radial air holes on the flange 8, support 4, and support 9 are process holes provided for machining needs. After machining is completed, these radial air holes will be resealed (not shown in the figure). In this embodiment, the main shaft 1, flange 8, support 4, and support 9 are each provided with three air passages, which are evenly distributed. The specific air passage structure is described in reference [reference needed]. Figure 13 As shown, the distribution locations of the three stomata are shown in the figure. Figure 2 .

[0044] Compressed air enters from the first air passage I of the spindle 1, and then sequentially enters the second air passage II, the third air passage III, and the fourth air passage IV. Finally, the lower end face of the workpiece (not shown in the figure) presses against the air hole on the upper end face of the fourth air passage IV. If the workpiece can press against the air hole, it means that the position is correct, and the automatic equipment will perform inner diameter processing. If the product is automatically fed off-center and the workpiece cannot press against the air hole, it means that the position is incorrect, and the automatic equipment will alarm and stop.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, O-rings 14 are provided at the vent positions on the upper and lower end faces of flange 8 for sealing. Similarly, O-rings (not shown in the figure) are also provided on the upper end face of the support seat 4 for sealing. This ensures the sealing of the air passage.

[0046] Furthermore, the floating clamp 10 is provided with a combination of multiple and multiple rows of protruding teeth 1001. In this embodiment, two sets of symmetrically distributed protruding teeth 1001 are provided, each set of protruding teeth 1001 consists of 3 rows, and each row is provided with multiple protruding teeth 1001. The tooth shape can be any of the existing technologies such as sawtooth, rectangular, and involute, as needed.

[0047] Furthermore, the spring clamp 2 and the conical sleeve 7 are connected by an oblique taper, and the opening and closing of the spring clamp 2 are controlled by the pull rod 13. The tapers of the spring clamp 2 and the conical sleeve 7 are equal. When the spring clamp 2, carrying the floating clamp 10 connected to it, moves along the oblique taper of the conical sleeve 7 towards the pull rod, the spring clamp 2 retracts, and the floating clamp 10 clamps the workpiece. The spring clamp 2 is prior art and will not be elaborated further here.

[0048] Furthermore, a pull ring 5 is fitted onto the pull rod 13, and multiple pull arms 51 are provided on the pull ring 5. The pull arms 51 extend out of the backrest 4 and engage in the slot 21 of the spring clamp 2. In this embodiment, the pull ring 5 and the pull rod 13 are connected by threads. The pull ring 5 has three outwardly extending pull arms 51, and the backrest 4 has three long slots with one open end. The slot 21 of the spring clamp 2 is an annular slot. The lower end face of the pull ring 5 abuts against the lower end face of the slot 21. The pull rod 13 drives the pull ring 5 to pull downward, and then the pull ring 5 drives the spring clamp 2 to move downward. The spring clamp 2 contracts and tightens, while simultaneously driving the floating clamp 10 to clamp the workpiece. The pull rod 1 returns to its original position, the spring clamp 2 opens, and the floating clamp 10 releases the workpiece.

[0049] Furthermore, a copper sleeve 6 is provided on the inner side of the flange 8 for the tie rod 13. The lower end face of the copper sleeve 6 is in contact with the main shaft 1, its inner diameter is fitted onto the tie rod 13, and its outer diameter is in contact with the flange 8, effectively supporting the tie rod 13.

[0050] Furthermore, the power source is a hydraulic cylinder. The other end of the pull rod 13 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder, and the movement of the pull rod 13 is controlled by the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is existing technology and will not be discussed further here.

[0051] When this floating clamp is in use, the spindle 1 is fixed to the spindle mechanism of an automated machine (such as a hydraulic automatic lathe), and the other end of the pull rod 13 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder. The floating amount of the floating clamp 10 is adjusted using the locating pin 12, and then secured with the locating sleeve 11 and fasteners. If necessary, the gap between the inner hole of the spring clamp 2 and the outer diameter of the floating clamp 10 can be adjusted simultaneously to control the floating amount of the floating clamp 10. This provides dual control over the floating amount of the floating clamp 10.

[0052] When processing workpieces of different sizes and specifications, simply replace the floating clamp 10 and the backrest 9.

[0053] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art based on the design concept of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating clamp, comprising a main shaft (1), a flange (8) disposed on one side of the main shaft (1), a backing seat (4) and a clamp seat (3) respectively disposed on the inner and outer sides of the flange (8), a tie rod (13) disposed inside the main shaft (1), and a power source disposed on the tie rod (13), characterized in that: The clamping seat (3) is embedded with a conical sleeve (7) at one end, the spring clamp (2) is sleeved in the conical sleeve (7), a plurality of floating clamping blocks (10) are arranged on the spring clamp (2), the floating clamping blocks (10) are freely arranged with the spring clamp (2), and the floating amount is controlled by a control member; the abutment seat (4) is located in the spring clamp (2), the abutment (9) is sleeved on the abutment seat (4), one end of the workpiece abuts against the abutment (9), and the floating clamping block (10) is used for clamping and loosening; whether the placement position of the workpiece is correct or not is detected by a detection mechanism.

2. The floating clamp of claim 1, wherein: The floating clamping block (10) and the spring clamp (2) are rotatably and freely arranged through the positioning sleeve (11).

3. The floating clamp of claim 1 or 2, wherein: The control member is at least one positioning pin (12) arranged between each floating clamping block (10) and the spring clamp (2).

4. The floating clamp of claim 1, wherein: The inner hole of the spring clamp (2) and the outer diameter gap of the floating clamping block (10) are arranged, and the floating amount of the floating clamping block (10) is controlled.

5. The floating clamp of claim 1, wherein: The detection mechanism is a combination of the first air path I arranged on the main shaft (1), the second air path II arranged on the flange plate (8), the third air path III arranged on the abutment seat (4) and the fourth air path IV arranged on the abutment (9), and compressed air enters from the main shaft (1).

6. The floating clamp of claim 1, wherein: A plurality of and a plurality of rows of protruding teeth (1001) are arranged on the floating clamping block (10).

7. The floating clamp of claim 1, wherein: The spring clamp (2) and the conical sleeve (7) are connected in a conical manner, and the opening and clamping of the spring clamp (2) are controlled by the pull rod (13).

8. The floating clamp of claim 7, wherein: The pull rod (13) is sleeved with a pull ring (5), a plurality of pull arms (51) are arranged on the pull ring (5), the pull arms (51) pass through the abutment seat (4) and are clamped in the clamping groove (21) of the spring clamp (2).

9. The floating clamp of claim 1, wherein: The pull rod (13) is provided with a copper sleeve (6) on the inner side of the flange plate (8).

10. The floating clamp of any of claims 1-9, wherein: The power source is a hydraulic cylinder.

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