Product structure of needled felt-based aerogel efficient heat insulation pad and preparation method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of new energy automobile thermal protection, and relates to a needled felt-based aerogel efficient heat insulation pad. Under the condition that the front face of an existing heat insulation pad (with the thickness within 5 mm) is in tight contact at the temperature of 650 DEG C, the temperature of the back face is higher than 200 DEG C, the temperature of the back face is too high, and the existing heat insulation pad can only insulate 61% of heat. In order to overcome the problem of insufficient heat insulation performance of a heat insulation pad of an existing power battery, the main technical means adopted by the invention is that a glass fiber needled felt is used as a base material and is combined with aerogel to form a core material which can be used in the heat insulation pad. According to the invention, multiple materials are combined, the needled felt and the aerogel composite material are used as the core, the silica gel frame is used for wrapping the edge, and finally, the two surfaces are packaged at high temperature by using the film, so that 77% of heat can be effectively blocked through tests after the heat insulation pad is manufactured, and the heat insulation performance is improved by 16% compared with that of the existing heat insulation pad. Therefore, the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation pad with the thickness within 5mm is improved, and the heat insulation pad has the advantage of being easy to process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of thermal protection of new energy vehicles, and relates to a composite thermal insulation pad structure of a needle-punched felt-based aerogel high-efficiency thermal insulation pad and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The power battery of a new energy vehicle generates a large amount of heat (when running or charging), and the temperature between the cells and the cells is extremely high, up to about 650 DEG C. At present, glass fiber aerogel is mainly used as the main thermal insulation material in the industry and is applied to the interval between the cells of the power battery, the interval between the power battery upper cover and the battery, the interval between the battery side plate and the bottom plate and the like. However, the prior art has significant defects. The glass fiber aerogel is relatively brittle, is easy to crack and powder when folded and bent, cannot adapt to frequent vibration or deformation scenes, has a relatively hard texture, is difficult to operate when cutting and fitting irregular equipment or pipelines, can be damaged due to collision, the raw material processing process is more complex, the initial procurement cost is higher, and it is difficult to repair after damage, and the labor and material costs of later replacement and maintenance are high. In the high-frequency vibration environment of the new energy vehicle, the thermal insulation pad can be cracked and powdered, leading to thermal management failure and threatening driving safety. The temperature of the heat source (650 DEG C) and the interval between the cells (5 mm) pose a severe challenge to the high-efficiency thermal insulation and durability of the thermal insulation material. SUMMARY

[0003] The application aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a composite thermal insulation pad scheme which has excellent thermal insulation performance, a long heat cycle life, good flexibility and can be used in the structure of a power battery of a new energy vehicle.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: A composite thermal insulation pad structure includes a thermal insulation substrate layer, a four-side edge wrapping layer and a surface sealing layer. The thermal insulation substrate layer is made of high-silica glass fiber material composite aerogel, namely high-silica needle-punched felt aerogel. The four-side edge wrapping layer is composed of silicone rubber. The surface sealing layer is composed of PET resin. The three are combined into one through hot pressing processing. The thermal insulation substrate layer is responsible for blocking heat conduction, and the four-side edge wrapping layer and the surface sealing layer are combined to be responsible for the vacuum sealing of the core material. The application also provides a preparation method of the structure, which includes four main steps of cutting, laminated compounding, hot pressing vacuum sealing and punching forming.

[0005] The application has the following advantages: Excellent heat cycle resistance: using a heating platform of 650 DEG C, continuously heating for 10 min, stopping the heating device, and recording the temperature of the cold surface within 10 min, the highest temperature of the cold surface is 148.7 DEG C. The specific data are shown in Table 1. Figure 1

[0006] ​In the high-frequency vibration environment of new energy vehicles, the high-silica glass fiber needle felt aerogel does not cause the cracking and pulverization of the thermal insulation pad.

[0007] Good processability: simple process structure and flexible material, perfect fit for various sizes of power battery structures.

[0008] Cost advantage: while the performance is greatly improved, the cost of high-silica glass fiber needle felt aerogel is much lower than that of new products such as glass fiber aerogel thermal insulation pad. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 1 Product thermal insulation test curve Figure 2 Comparison data of various core materials Figure 3 Layered schematic diagram of the composite insulation pad structure of the present application Figure 4 Actual product schematic diagram Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the application of the present application to the power battery structure Figure 6 Punching die schematic diagram Figure 7 High-silica glass fiber needle felt aerogel material schematic diagram Figure 8 Silicone rubber silicone frame material schematic diagram Figure 9 PET resin film material schematic diagram DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and examples.

[0010] The composite thermal insulation pad structure described in the present application is as shown in Figure 2 PET resin film, {silicone rubber (high-silica glass fiber needle felt aerogel) silicone frame}, and PET resin film are laminated and combined through high-temperature hot pressing, vacuum packaging, and fixation.

[0011] Example: preparation of a thermal insulation pad for power battery cells.

[0012] Material selection: PET resin film (A-level flame retardant, 0.08mm thick), high-silica glass fiber needle felt aerogel (SiO2≥96%, 5mm thick), and silicone rubber made silicone frame (A-level flame retardant, 4mm thick).

[0013] Processing: Blanking: according to the three-dimensional model development drawing, as shown in Figure 4 Cutting machine is used to cut the materials of the thermal insulation base layer and the surface sealing layer.

[0014] Lamination: PET resin film is covered with silicone rubber silica gel frame on both sides, and high-silica glass fiber needle felt aerogel is placed in the silica gel frame as the core material.

[0015] Hot pressing: using a hot press at a temperature of 100°C, hot pressing the height of 4mm for 10S, and vacuum packaging.

[0016] Punching: the hot-pressed product is placed on the punching machine and fixed by using the die cutting die. As shown in Figure 7 , the size is ensured to fit.

Claims

1. A needle-punched felt-based aerogel high-efficiency thermal insulation mat, characterized in that, It comprises: A heat insulation substrate layer made of high-silica glass fiber needle-punched felt material mixed aerogel; A four-side edge wrapping layer made of silicone rubber silicone frame; A surface sealing layer made of PET resin film; The substrate layer and the sealing layer are integrated through the four-side edge wrapping layer, the sealing layer and the edge wrapping layer are used for vacuum sealing and flame retardation, and the substrate layer is used for heat conduction blocking.

2. The composite insulation sealed structure of claim 1, wherein, The surface packaging layer PET film is a resin film, the flame retardant effect is A level: non-combustible material, and the thickness is 0.08 mm.

3. The composite insulation sealed structure of claim 1, wherein, The heat insulation substrate layer material is high-silica glass fiber needle-punched felt and aerogel mixed, the silica content is greater than 96%, and the thickness is 5 mm.

4. The composite insulation sealed structure of claim 1, wherein, The four-side edge wrapping layer material is a silicone rubber silicone frame, the flame retardant effect is A level: non-combustible material, and the thickness is 4 mm.

5. The composite thermally insulated packaging structure of claim 1, wherein, The heat insulation substrate layer serves as a core material, the four-side edge wrapping layer wraps the heat insulation substrate layer on four sides, and the surface packaging layer is vacuum high-temperature packaged on the upper and lower surfaces.

6. A method of making a composite thermal insulation package according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: Step one: cut the materials of the heat insulation substrate layer and the surface packaging layer respectively; Step two: place the cut substrate layer into the vacancy in the edge wrapping layer, cover the substrate layer and the edge wrapping layer with the sealing layer from top to bottom, and perform layer lamination; Step three: place the laminated semi-finished product into a hot press for 10s hot pressing vacuum packaging, the hot press temperature is 100 DEG C, and the hot pressed product thickness is 4 mm; Step four: place the hot pressing vacuum packaged semi-finished product into a punching machine for punching to form a finished product.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, In step four, a mold is used for punching in the punching machine.

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