Railway perimeter fence with early warning and alarming functions based on optical fiber composite sensing

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway perimeter fence with an early warning function based on optical fiber composite sensing, and belongs to the technical field of railway perimeter fences, and the railway perimeter fence comprises a fence group, a driving assembly, a dismounting assembly, sensor assemblies and an optical cable used for connecting two adjacent sensor assemblies. A worker enables the dismounting and mounting assembly to move to the position of the composite sensor needing to be replaced through the driving assembly, positioning is carried out through cooperation of a camera and scales, the lifting mechanism drives the lifting moving plate to move downwards, the clamping assembly clamps a corresponding sensor mounting base, and then the sensor mounting base is replaced. The dismounting and mounting mechanism is used for dismounting the corresponding mounting bolts, then the lifting mechanism drives the clamped sensor mounting seat and the composite sensor to move upwards, and the driving assembly drives the dismounted composite sensor to move to the position of a second fence vertical plate. And a worker takes the composite sensor and replaces the composite sensor with other composite sensors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway perimeter fencing technology, specifically to a railway perimeter fencing with early warning and alarm functions based on fiber optic composite sensing. Background Technology

[0002] The fiber optic composite sensing system consists of fiber optic composite sensors, optical cables, fiber optic monitoring hosts, and transmission devices. It can be used for perimeter surveillance to monitor and sense intrusions and foreign objects along the railway perimeter, slopes, active networks, and passive networks.

[0003] For railway perimeter fencing, the typically long railway sections necessitate substantial fencing lengths. To ensure effective perimeter security, fiber optic composite sensors are required to be installed along the railway line. However, due to the length of the fencing and the number of sensors required, sensor malfunctions or require maintenance necessitate personnel traveling to the fault location or repair site for replacement or repair. This back-and-forth travel along the railway line increases transportation costs and imposes time constraints on staff, especially when the replacement or repair site is remote. During this time, staff typically cannot perform other tasks, leading to reduced overall work efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a railway perimeter fencing with early warning and alarm functions based on fiber optic composite sensing to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to eliminate the need for staff to travel back and forth to replace or repair sensors, thereby reducing transportation costs and improving overall work efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a railway perimeter fence with early warning and alarm function based on fiber optic composite sensing, comprising: fence assembly, drive assembly, disassembly assembly, sensor assembly, and optical cable for connecting two adjacent sensor assemblies;

[0006] The number of fence groups is several, and the fence groups are connected end to end to form the perimeter fence. Each fence group includes several first fence uprights, two second fence uprights, and several fence connecting rods. The several first fence uprights and several fence connecting rods are connected end to end and intertwine to form a fence chain. The ends of the fence chain are all first fence uprights. The two second fence uprights are located at both ends of the fence chain and are connected to the first fence uprights at the ends. Each of the fence connecting rods is provided with a fence net and the fence net is respectively connected to the corresponding first fence upright.

[0007] The number of sensor assemblies corresponds to the number of the first fence panels. Each sensor assembly includes a composite sensor, two support seats, and mounting bolts. The composite sensor is fitted with a sensor mounting seat, and the sensor mounting seat is provided with a mounting seat connector for connecting the composite sensor to the optical cables of two adjacent sensor assemblies, which are respectively connected to the corresponding support seats. The support seats are provided with a support seat connector that matches the mounting seat connector and is connected to the corresponding optical cable. The mounting seat connector is fitted into the two support seats and installed by mounting bolts with the ends of the mounting bolts facing upwards. When the mounting seat connector is fitted into the two support seats, the mounting seat connector is connected to the support seat connector.

[0008] The first fence upright is provided with a mounting plate, and the mounting plate is provided with a mounting frame. The carriers of the plurality of sensor assemblies are respectively mounted on the mounting frames corresponding to the mounting plates on the plurality of first fence uprights.

[0009] The number of drive components corresponds to the number of fence groups, and the drive components are disposed on two second fence uprights in the corresponding fence group;

[0010] The number of disassembly and assembly components corresponds to the number of fence groups. Each disassembly and assembly component includes a base connected to the drive end of the corresponding drive component, a lifting mechanism installed at the bottom of the base, a lifting moving plate connected to the output end of the lifting mechanism, a clamping mechanism installed at the bottom of the lifting moving plate for clamping the sensor mounting base, and a disassembly and assembly mechanism installed on the lifting moving plate for disassembling and assembling the mounting bolts. The composite sensor has a scale on its top, and the lifting moving plate has a camera at its bottom for identifying the scale.

[0011] When replacing the composite sensor, the operator uses the drive assembly to move the disassembly and assembly assembly to the location of the composite sensor to be replaced. Positioning is achieved using a camera and a scale. The lifting mechanism moves the lifting plate downwards, the clamping assembly clamps the corresponding sensor mounting base, and the disassembly and assembly mechanism removes the corresponding mounting bolts. Then, the lifting mechanism moves the clamped sensor mounting base, along with the composite sensor, upwards. The drive assembly moves the disassembled composite sensor to the second fence upright position. The operator removes the composite sensor and replaces it with another composite sensor. The drive assembly then moves the replaced composite sensor to the support position where the disassembled composite sensor was placed, and the installation of the replaced composite sensor is completed using the disassembly and assembly assembly.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving assembly includes two driving motors and a driving hinge. The two driving motors are respectively disposed on two corresponding second fence uprights. The output end of each driving motor is connected to a driving shaft. A driving wheel is mounted on the driving shaft. The driving hinge is mounted on the driving wheel corresponding to the two driving motors. The seat in the assembly / disassembly assembly is mounted on the driving hinge.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting cylinder, which is installed at the bottom of the corresponding base. The output end of the lifting cylinder is connected to a lifting push rod, which is connected to the corresponding lifting moving plate.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clamping mechanism includes two side plates symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the corresponding lifting and moving plate, two clamping cylinders respectively arranged on the two side plates, the output ends of the two clamping cylinders are connected to clamping push rods, and clamping plates are arranged on the clamping push rods.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the disassembly and assembly mechanism includes telescopic cylinders, the number of which corresponds to the number of mounting bolts. The telescopic cylinders are mounted on the lifting and moving plate, and the output end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to a telescopic push rod, which is connected to a telescopic head.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a disassembly motor is provided at the bottom of the telescopic head, and the output end of the disassembly motor is connected to a disassembly shaft.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the disassembly and assembly shaft is connected to a disassembly and assembly cylinder, the output end of the disassembly and assembly cylinder is connected to a disassembly and assembly push rod, and the disassembly and assembly push rod is connected to a disassembly and assembly head that matches the mounting bolt.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a backing seat is provided at the top of the first fence panel, the backing seat is located above the corresponding composite sensor, a limiting groove is provided at the bottom of the backing seat, and a sliding seat is provided at the top of the seat body, the sliding seat can slide into the limiting groove.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a through groove is provided in the sliding seat, and the driving hinge passes through the through groove.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the fence connecting rod is provided with barbed wire.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in:

[0022] 1. By setting up a drive component, the disassembly and assembly component is easily moved to the location of the sensor component that needs to be replaced or repaired. When replacement or repair is required, the drive component moves the disassembly and assembly component to the location of the sensor component that needs to be replaced or repaired. Then, the disassembly and assembly component is used to disassemble the composite sensor. Afterwards, the drive component moves the composite sensor to the second fence upright position. The operator repairs or replaces the composite sensor at the second fence upright position. Then, the intact composite sensor is moved again by the disassembly and assembly component and the drive component to the disassembled support position. Finally, the disassembly and assembly component completes the repair. The installation of composite sensors is simple: workers only need to move the second fence panel to the desired location to install or remove the sensors for maintenance or replacement. Since the second fence panels are placed at relatively long intervals and their number is less than the number of composite sensors, workers do not need to travel to different locations to inspect or replace them. They can complete the work at the desired location, thus reducing transportation costs. In addition, workers can perform other tasks while the composite sensors are being moved, making full use of their time and improving overall work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first fence upright and other parts of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor assembly and other parts of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly and assembly components of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drive motor and other parts of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a top view of the lifting and moving plate and other parts of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sensor mounting base and other parts of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the support base and other parts of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. First fence upright; 101. Mounting plate; 102. Mounting bracket; 103. Abutment seat; 104. Limiting groove; 2. Second fence upright; 3. Sensor assembly; 301. Composite sensor; 302. Bearing seat; 303. Mounting bolt; 304. Sensor mounting seat; 305. Mounting seat connector; 306. Bearing seat connector; 307. Scale; 4. Fence connecting rod; 5. Fence mesh; 6. Optical cable; 7. Base; 701. Lifting moving plate; 702. Camera; 703. Lifting... 704. Lowering cylinder; 705. Lifting push rod; 706. Side plate; 707. Clamping cylinder; 708. Clamping push rod; 709. Clamping plate; 7010. Telescopic cylinder; 7011. Telescopic push rod; 7012. Telescopic head; 7013. Disassembly and assembly motor; 7014. Disassembly and assembly cylinder; 7015. Disassembly and assembly push rod; 7016. Disassembly and assembly head; 7017. Sliding seat; 7018. Through slot; 8. Drive motor; 801. Drive hinge; 802. Drive shaft; 803. Drive wheel; 9. Barbed wire. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Combined with appendix Figure 1-9 As shown, a railway perimeter fence with early warning and alarm functions based on fiber optic composite sensing includes a first fence upright plate 1, a mounting plate 101, a mounting frame 102, abutment 103, a limiting groove 104, a second fence upright plate 2, a sensor assembly 3, a composite sensor 301, a bearing seat 302, mounting bolts 303, a sensor mounting seat 304, a mounting seat connector 305, a bearing seat connector 306, a scale 307, a fence connecting rod 4, a fence mesh 5, an optical cable 6, a base 7, and a lifting and moving plate 7. 01. Camera 702. Lifting cylinder 703. Lifting push rod 704. Side plate 705. Clamping cylinder 706. Clamping push rod 707. Clamping plate 708. Telescopic cylinder 709. Telescopic push rod 7010. Telescopic head 7011. Disassembly and assembly motor 7012. Disassembly and assembly shaft 7013. Disassembly and assembly cylinder 7014. Disassembly and assembly push rod 7015. Disassembly and assembly head 7016. Sliding seat 7017. Through slot 7018. Drive motor 8. Drive hinge 801. Drive shaft 802. Drive wheel 803. And barbed wire 9.

[0035] Combined with appendix Figure 1-9As shown, a railway perimeter fence with early warning and alarm functions based on fiber optic composite sensing includes: fence groups, drive components, disassembly and assembly components, sensor components 3, and optical cables 6 for connecting two adjacent sensor components 3. Several fence groups are connected end-to-end to form the perimeter fence. The fence groups are installed and fixed by being inserted into the soil along the railway line. Each fence group includes several first fence uprights 1, two second fence uprights 2, and several fence connecting rods 4. The first fence uprights 1 and the fence connecting rods 4 are connected end-to-end and interlock to form a fence chain. Preferably, the connection position of the fence connecting rod 4 to the first fence upright 1 is located at the top of the first fence upright 1. The fence chain... The ends are all first fence uprights 1, and two second fence uprights 2 are located at both ends of the fence chain and connected to the first fence uprights 1 at the ends. Several fence connecting rods 4 are each provided with a fence mesh 5, and each fence mesh 5 is connected to a corresponding first fence upright 1. The fence mesh 5 is installed and fixed by welding or using steel wire rope, etc. The number of sensor assemblies 3 corresponds to the number of first fence uprights 1. Each sensor assembly 3 includes a composite sensor 301, two support seats 302, and mounting bolts 303. A sensor mounting seat 304 is fitted around the periphery of the composite sensor 301, and the sensor mounting seat 304 is provided with a mounting seat connector 305 for connecting to the composite sensor 301. Preferably, the... The mounting connector 305 faces downwards and connects the optical cables 6 of two adjacent sensor assemblies 3 to their corresponding carrier seats 302. Each carrier seat 302 has a carrier connector 306 that matches the mounting connector 305 and connects to the corresponding optical cable 6. Preferably, the carrier connector 306 faces upwards. The mounting connector 305 is fitted into the two carrier seats 302 and installed using mounting bolts 303. Each of the two carrier seats 302 has two bolt holes, and the sensor mounting seat 304 has bolt holes at both ends. When the sensor mounting seat 304 is fitted into the two carrier seats 302, the mounting bolts 303 pass through the bolt holes of the carrier seats 302 and the sensor mounting seat. The bolt holes of 304 complete the installation of the sensor mounting base 304 and the support base 302. The end of the mounting bolt 303 faces upward. When the mounting base connector 305 is engaged with the two support bases 302, the mounting base connector 305 is connected to the support base connector 306. The first fence upright plate 1 is provided with a mounting plate 101. Preferably, the mounting plate 101 is located in the middle of the first fence upright plate 1. The mounting plate 101 is provided with a mounting bracket 102. Preferably, one mounting plate 101 corresponds to two mounting brackets 102. The support bases 302 of several sensor assemblies 3 are respectively installed on the mounting brackets 102 corresponding to the mounting plates 101 on several first fence upright plates 1. The number of drive assemblies corresponds to the number of fence groups.The drive assembly is mounted on two second fence uprights 2 in the corresponding fence group. The number of disassembly and assembly components corresponds to the number of fence groups. Each disassembly and assembly component includes a base 7 connected to the drive end of the corresponding drive assembly, a lifting mechanism mounted on the bottom of the base 7, a lifting moving plate 701 connected to the output end of the lifting mechanism, a clamping mechanism mounted on the bottom of the lifting moving plate 701 for clamping the sensor mounting base 304, and a disassembly and assembly mechanism mounted on the lifting moving plate 701 for disassembling and assembling the mounting bolts 303. Specifically, the horizontal plane of the disassembly and assembly components is located above the horizontal plane of the mounting plate 101. The composite sensor 301 has a scale 307 on its top, and the lifting moving plate 701 has a camera 702 for identifying the scale 307 on its bottom. Preferably, the camera 702 is electrically connected to the drive assembly and can also interact with an external operation panel via wireless signal interaction. The external control panel can acquire the image information from the camera 702. Simultaneously, the external control panel is electrically connected to the drive component for operating the drive component. When the camera 702 is electrically connected to the drive component, the disassembly / removal component has a preset disassembly / removal stroke. When the camera 702 identifies the composite sensor 301 that needs to be replaced, it automatically completes the disassembly of the corresponding composite sensor 301. When installing the composite sensor 301, the drive component can be operated to move the composite sensor 301 to the position of the mounting base 302 to be installed. The position of the sensor mounting base 304 and the mounting base 302 is determined by the interlocking relationship between them. Then, the preset installation stroke in the disassembly / removal component is activated to complete the installation of the composite sensor 301. When disassembly is performed using the external control panel, the external control panel operates the drive component and the disassembly / removal component, using the camera 702 for position determination.

[0036] Combined with appendix Figure 1-9As shown, the drive assembly includes two drive motors 8 and drive hinges 801. The two drive motors 8 are respectively mounted on two corresponding second fence uprights 2. The output ends of the drive motors 8 are connected to drive shafts 802. Drive wheels 803 are mounted on the drive shafts 802. Preferably, two drive wheels 803 are mounted on the drive shafts 802. The drive hinges 801 are mounted on the drive wheels 803 corresponding to the two drive motors 8. Preferably, there are two drive hinges 801, each corresponding to one of the two drive wheels 803. The drive wheels 803 and the drive hinges 801 are engaged. The connection method ensures the stability of the drive hinge 801 when the drive wheel 803 drives it. The seat 7 in the assembly is installed on the drive hinge 801. Preferably, the seat 7 is fitted outside the drive hinge 801. By setting a drive motor 8, with two drive motors 8 located on the two second fence uprights 2 at the ends, the seat 7 is supported by the drive hinge 801. At the same time, the drive motor 8 drives the drive wheel 803 to rotate, thereby driving the drive hinge 801 to move, and then driving the seat 7 to move, thus achieving the purpose of driving the entire assembly to move.

[0037] Combined with appendix Figure 1-9 As shown, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting cylinder 703, which is installed at the bottom of the corresponding base 7. The output end of the lifting cylinder 703 is connected to a lifting push rod 704, which is connected to the corresponding lifting moving plate 701. The lifting cylinder 703 provides power to drive the lifting moving plate 701 to move up and down with the help of the lifting push rod 704.

[0038] Combined with appendix Figure 1-9 As shown, the clamping mechanism includes two side plates 705 symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the corresponding lifting moving plate 701, and two clamping cylinders 706 respectively arranged on the two side plates 705. The output ends of the two clamping cylinders 706 are connected to clamping push rods 707. The clamping push rods 707 are provided with clamping plates 708. By setting the clamping cylinders 706, when the composite sensor 301 needs to be disassembled, the lifting moving plate 701 moves downward, so that the two side plates 705 are located on both sides of the sensor mounting base 304. The clamping cylinders 706 provide power to drive the clamping push rods 707 to move the clamping plates 708 to clamp the sensor mounting base 304, so that the subsequent disassembly work can be carried out smoothly. Similarly, when installing the composite sensor 301, by clamping the sensor mounting base 304, the composite sensor 301 is moved to the position to be installed.

[0039] Combined with appendix Figure 1-9As shown, the disassembly and assembly mechanism includes telescopic cylinders 709, the number of which corresponds to the number of mounting bolts 303. The telescopic cylinders 709 are mounted on the lifting moving plate 701. The output end of each telescopic cylinder 709 is connected to a telescopic push rod 7010, which is connected to a telescopic head 7011. A disassembly and assembly motor 7012 is located at the bottom of the telescopic head 7011. The output end of the disassembly and assembly motor 7012 is connected to a disassembly and assembly rotating shaft 7013, which is connected to a disassembly and assembly cylinder 7014. The output end of the disassembly and assembly cylinder 7014 is connected to a disassembly and assembly push rod 7015, which is connected to a disassembly and assembly head 7016 that matches the mounting bolts 303. By setting the telescopic cylinders 709, the position of the telescopic head 7011 is adjusted to correspond with the mounting bolts 303. During disassembly, the disassembly and assembly... Cylinder 7014 drives disassembly head 7016 to be fitted onto the corresponding mounting bolt 303. Then, disassembly motor 7012 drives disassembly head 7016 to rotate. As disassembly head 7016 rotates, disassembly cylinder 7014 gradually drives disassembly head 7016 to move upward. The specific moving speed is set according to the rotation speed of disassembly mounting bolt 303 and the thread pitch of mounting bolt 303. After disassembly is completed, lifting moving plate 701 moves upward, driving sensor mounting base 304 and mounting bolt 303 to move upward. Then, drive component drives disassembled composite sensor 301 to the corresponding position of second fence upright plate 2. The installation and disassembly of composite sensor 301 are similar but the process is reversed. Preferably, the disassembly head 7016 is a magnetic head to better attract mounting bolt 303 to complete the corresponding disassembly and assembly work.

[0040] Combined with appendix Figure 1-9 As shown, a support seat 103 is provided at the top of the first fence upright plate 1. The support seat 103 is located above the corresponding composite sensor 301. A limiting groove 104 is provided at the bottom of the support seat 103. A sliding seat 7017 is provided at the top of the seat body 7. The sliding seat 7017 can slide into the limiting groove 104. By setting the sliding seat 7017 and the limiting groove 104, the positioning of the disassembly and assembly components is assisted. At the same time, the support seat 103 provides a support for the disassembly and assembly of the disassembly and assembly components, so as to better complete the disassembly and assembly work. A through groove 7018 is provided in the sliding seat 7017. The drive hinge 801 passes through the through groove 7018. By setting the through groove 7018, the presence of the sliding seat 7017 is prevented from affecting the movement of the seat body 7. A barbed wire 9 is provided at the top of the fence connecting rod 4. By setting the barbed wire 9, personnel are prevented from climbing.

[0041] Working principle: During disassembly, the telescopic cylinder 709 adjusts the position of the telescopic head 7011 according to the position of the mounting bolt 303. Taking operation via an external control panel as an example, the drive motor 8 is controlled to rotate the drive wheel 803, which moves the base 7, thereby moving the entire disassembly assembly to the position of the composite sensor 301 to be disassembled. Positioning is achieved through the camera 702 and the scale 307. Subsequently, the lifting cylinder 703 moves the lifting moving plate 701 downward, so that the side plate 705 is located on both sides of the sensor mounting base 304. The clamping cylinder 706 is activated, which moves the clamping plate 708 to clamp the sensor mounting base 304. The disassembly cylinder 7014 moves the disassembly head 7016 to be fitted onto the corresponding mounting bolt 303. The disassembly motor 7012 is activated, which moves the disassembly head 7016 to rotate. As the rotation proceeds, the disassembly cylinder 7014 moves the disassembly head 7016 upward. After the installation bolt 303 is removed, the lifting cylinder 703 moves the composite sensor 301 upward. Then, the drive motor 8 moves the composite sensor 301 to the corresponding position of the second fence upright 2, where the staff can inspect or replace it. After the inspection or replacement is completed, the clamping plate 708 clamps the composite sensor 301 and moves it to the position of the carrier 302 to be installed. Then, the lifting moving plate 701 moves downward, so that the sensor mounting base 304 is engaged with the corresponding carrier 302. Then, the disassembly and assembly motor 7012 drives the disassembly and assembly head 7016 to rotate, while the disassembly and assembly cylinder 7014 gradually moves the disassembly and assembly head 7016 downward, thereby completing the installation of the installation bolt 303. After the installation is completed, the clamping plate 708 releases its clamp on the sensor mounting base 304, the lifting moving plate 701 moves upward, and then the drive motor 8 provides power to move the seat 7 to the corresponding second fence upright 2.

[0042] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A perimeter fence for railway with early warning alarm function based on fiber-optic composite sensing, comprising: The fence group, the driving assembly, the disassembly assembly, the sensor assembly (3) and the optical cable (6) for connecting two adjacent sensor assemblies (3); The number of the fence group is several, and the several fence groups are connected to form the perimeter fence. The fence group comprises several first fence vertical plates (1), two second fence vertical plates (2) and several fence connecting rods (4). The several first fence vertical plates (1) and the several fence connecting rods (4) are connected to form a fence chain. The two second fence vertical plates (2) are connected to the first fence vertical plates (1) at the two ends of the fence chain. The fence net (5) is arranged on the several fence connecting rods (4), and the fence net (5) is connected to the corresponding first fence vertical plate (1); The number of the sensor assembly (3) corresponds to the number of the first fence vertical plate (1). The sensor assembly (3) comprises a composite sensor (301), two bearing seats (302) and mounting bolts (303). The sensor mounting seat (304) is arranged outside the composite sensor (301). The mounting seat connector (305) is arranged on the sensor mounting seat (304) and connected to the composite sensor (301). The optical cable (6) for connecting two adjacent sensor assemblies (3) is connected to the corresponding bearing seat (302). The bearing seat connector (306) is arranged on the bearing seat (302) and matched with the mounting seat connector (305) and connected to the corresponding optical cable (6). The mounting seat connector (305) is embedded in the two bearing seats (302) and mounted by the mounting bolt (303). The end of the mounting bolt (303) is upward. When the mounting seat connector (305) is embedded in the two bearing seats (302), the mounting seat connector (305) is connected to the bearing seat connector (306); The first fence vertical plate (1) is provided with a mounting plate (101). The mounting plate (101) is provided with a mounting bracket (102). The bearing seat (302) in the several sensor assemblies (3) is mounted on the corresponding mounting bracket (102) of the mounting plate (101) of the several first fence vertical plates (1); The number of the driving assembly corresponds to the number of the fence group. The driving assembly is arranged on the two second fence vertical plates (2) in the corresponding fence group. The number of disassembly components corresponds to the number of fence groups, the disassembly component includes a seat body (7) connected with the driving end of the corresponding driving assembly, a lifting mechanism installed at the bottom of the seat body (7), a lifting moving plate (701) connected with the output end of the lifting mechanism, a clamping mechanism installed at the bottom of the lifting moving plate (701) for clamping the sensor mounting seat (304), and a disassembly mechanism installed on the lifting moving plate (701) for disassembling the mounting bolt (303), and the top of the composite sensor (301) is provided with a scale (307), and the bottom of the lifting moving plate (701) is provided with a camera (702) for identifying the scale (307); When the composite sensor (301) is replaced, the staff moves the disassembly component to the position of the composite sensor (301) to be replaced through the driving assembly, positions through the camera (702) cooperating with the scale (307), the lifting mechanism drives the lifting moving plate (701) to move downward, the clamping assembly clamps the corresponding sensor mounting seat (304), the disassembly mechanism disassembles the corresponding mounting bolt (303), then the lifting mechanism drives the clamped sensor mounting seat (304) and the composite sensor (301) to move upward, the driving assembly drives the disassembled composite sensor (301) to move to the position of the second fence upright (2), the staff takes the composite sensor (301) and replaces it with another composite sensor (301), then the driving assembly drives the replaced composite sensor (301) to move to the position of the bearing seat (302) after disassembling the composite sensor (301), and the installation of the replaced composite sensor (301) is completed through the disassembly component.

2. The perimeter fence for railway with early warning and alarm function based on fiber composite sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes two driving motors (8) and a driving hinge (801), the two driving motors (8) are respectively arranged on the corresponding two second fence uprights (2), the output end of the driving motor (8) is connected with a driving shaft (802), the driving shaft (802) is sleeved with a driving wheel (803), and the driving hinge (801) is sleeved on the corresponding driving wheels (803) of the two driving motors (8). The seat body (7) in the disassembly component is installed on the driving hinge (801).

3. The perimeter fence for railway with early warning and alarm function based on fiber composite sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a lifting cylinder (703), the lifting cylinder (703) is installed at the bottom of the corresponding seat body (7), and the output end of the lifting cylinder (703) is connected with a lifting push rod (704), and the lifting push rod (704) is connected with the corresponding lifting moving plate (701).

4. The optical fiber composite sensing based perimeter fence for railway with early warning and alarm function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes two side plates (705) symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the corresponding lifting moving plate (701), two clamping cylinders (706) respectively arranged on the two side plates (705), the output end of the two clamping cylinders (706) is connected with a clamping push rod (707), and the clamping push rod (707) is provided with a clamping plate (708).

5. The optical fiber composite sensing based perimeter fence for railway with early warning alarm function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disassembling mechanism comprises telescopic cylinders (709), the number of the telescopic cylinders (709) corresponds to the mounting bolts (303), the telescopic cylinders (709) are installed on the lifting moving plate (701), the output ends of the telescopic cylinders (709) are connected with telescopic push rods (7010), and the telescopic push rods (7010) are connected with telescopic heads (7011).

6. The perimeter fence for railway with early warning and alarm function based on fiber composite sensing according to claim 5, characterized in that: A disassembling motor (7012) is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic head (7011), and the output end of the disassembling motor (7012) is connected with a disassembling rotating shaft (7013).

7. The perimeter fence for railway with early warning and alarm function based on fiber composite sensing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The disassembling rotating shaft (7013) is connected with a disassembling cylinder (7014), the output end of the disassembling cylinder (7014) is connected with a disassembling push rod (7015), and the disassembling push rod (7015) is connected with a disassembling head (7016) matched with the mounting bolt (303).

8. The perimeter fence for railway with early warning and alarm function based on fiber composite sensing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bearing seat (103) is arranged at the top of the first fence vertical plate (1), the bearing seat (103) is located above the corresponding composite sensor (301), a limiting groove (104) is formed in the bottom of the bearing seat (103), a sliding-in seat (7017) is arranged at the top of the seat body (7), and the sliding-in seat (7017) can slide into the limiting groove (104).

9. The perimeter fence for railway with early warning and alarm function based on fiber-optic composite sensing according to claim 8, characterized in that: A through groove (7018) is formed in the sliding-in seat (7017), and the driving hinge (801) penetrates through the through groove (7018).

10. The perimeter fence for railway with early warning and alarm function based on fiber-optic composite sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fence connecting rod (4) is provided with a gill net (9) at the top.

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