Commissioning methods, devices, storage media and electronic equipment of molten salt thermal energy storage systems

Abstract

This application discloses a commissioning method, apparatus, storage medium, and electronic equipment for a molten salt thermal storage system. By acquiring the wall temperature at various measuring points in different areas of the tank and calculating the average value, the overall temperature field distribution of the tank can be comprehensively reflected, avoiding control deviations caused by local temperature distortion. The temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient are determined by combining the thermal expansion characteristics of the tank material, structural thickness distribution, and stress safety requirements. Thermal stress control is incorporated into the temperature setting logic, limiting the temperature difference range that may cause structural damage from the source. Based on the temperature difference threshold, the temperature rise rate range is determined, and a target outlet temperature is generated accordingly. This allows the output power of the preheating device to dynamically match the temperature rise rate requirement of the tank wall temperature. This avoids local overheating or temperature rise lag caused by a fixed rate, and also shortens the preheating time and reduces energy consumption through active regulation. Ultimately, while ensuring the structural safety of the tank, the stability and efficiency of the preheating process are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of molten salt thermal energy storage technology, and in particular to a commissioning method, apparatus, storage medium and electronic equipment for a molten salt thermal energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional commissioning methods for molten salt thermal storage systems, the output power of the preheating device is typically controlled by a fixed temperature rise rate during the preheating stage. However, due to significant differences in heat conduction paths and heat dissipation conditions across different areas of the tank (such as the bottom, sidewalls, and top), a fixed temperature rise rate leads to inconsistent actual temperature rise rates in each area, creating radial and axial temperature gradients. This results in localized excessive temperature differences. When the localized temperature difference exceeds the material's allowable temperature difference threshold, the thermal stress will exceed safety limits, severely impacting the structural safety of the tank. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, this application provides a commissioning method, apparatus, storage medium and electronic equipment for a molten salt thermal storage system.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application proposes the following solution:

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a commissioning method for a molten salt thermal storage system. The method includes: starting a preheating device, acquiring the wall temperature at various measuring points in different areas of the storage tank, and determining the average wall temperature of the storage tank based on the wall temperature at each measuring point; determining a temperature difference threshold and a thermal stress sensitivity coefficient that match the structural safety of the storage tank, taking into account the thermal expansion characteristics of the storage tank material, the structural thickness distribution, and stress safety requirements; determining the temperature rise rate range of the storage tank wall temperature based on the temperature difference threshold; determining the target outlet temperature of the preheating device based on the average wall temperature, the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient, and the temperature rise rate range; and adjusting the output power of the preheating device based on the target outlet temperature, so that the output power of the preheating device dynamically matches the temperature rise rate requirement of the storage tank wall temperature, thereby controlling the thermal stress within the safe range determined based on the temperature difference threshold.

[0006] Secondly, this application provides a commissioning device for a molten salt thermal storage system, the commissioning device for the molten salt thermal storage system comprising:

[0007] The acquisition module is used to start the preheating device, acquire the wall temperature of each measuring point in different areas of the storage tank, and determine the average wall temperature of the storage tank based on the wall temperature of each measuring point.

[0008] The determination module is used to determine the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient that match the safety of the storage tank structure by combining the thermal expansion characteristics of the storage tank material, the structural thickness distribution and stress safety requirements. Based on the temperature difference threshold, the temperature rise rate range of the storage tank wall temperature is determined. Based on the average storage tank wall temperature, the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient and the temperature rise rate range, the target outlet temperature of the preheating device is determined.

[0009] The adjustment module is used to adjust the output power of the preheating device based on the target outlet temperature, so that the output power of the preheating device dynamically matches the temperature rise rate requirement of the tank wall, thereby controlling the thermal stress within a safe range determined based on the temperature difference threshold.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, according to a third aspect of this application, a storage medium is provided, the storage medium including a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, the device where the storage medium is located is controlled to perform the commissioning method of the molten salt thermal storage system of the first aspect.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, according to a fourth aspect of this application, an electronic device is provided, the device including at least one processor, and at least one memory and bus connected to the processor; wherein the processor and memory communicate with each other through the bus; the processor is used to call program instructions in the memory to execute the commissioning method of the molten salt thermal storage system of the first aspect described above.

[0012] By employing the above-described technical solution, the technical solution provided in this application has at least the following advantages:

[0013] This application obtains the wall temperature at various measuring points in different areas of the storage tank and calculates the average value, which can comprehensively reflect the overall temperature field distribution of the tank and avoid control deviations caused by local temperature distortion. By combining the thermal expansion characteristics of the tank material, structural thickness distribution, and stress safety requirements, a temperature difference threshold and a thermal stress sensitivity coefficient are determined, incorporating thermal stress control into the temperature setting logic to limit the temperature difference range that may cause structural damage from the source. Based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient, the temperature rise rate range is determined, and the target outlet temperature is determined accordingly. This allows the output power of the preheating device to dynamically match the temperature rise rate requirement of the tank wall temperature, avoiding local overheating or temperature rise lag caused by a fixed rate, and shortening the preheating time and reducing energy consumption through active regulation. Ultimately, while ensuring the structural safety of the storage tank, the stability, efficiency, and energy utilization rate of the preheating process are improved.

[0014] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1A schematic flowchart of a commissioning method for a molten salt thermal energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0017] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating another commissioning method for a molten salt thermal storage system provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0018] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating another commissioning method for a molten salt thermal storage system provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0019] Figure 4 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a commissioning device for a molten salt thermal storage system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this application will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0022] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., do not have a logical or temporal dependency, nor do they limit the quantity or execution order. It should also be understood that although the following description uses the terms "first," "second," etc., to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by the terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one element from another.

[0023] In this application, the term "at least one" means one or more, and the term "multiple" means two or more.

[0024] It should also be understood that the term “if” can be interpreted as “when” or “upon”, or “in response to determination” or “in response to detection”. Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase “if determination…” or “if detection [the stated condition or event]” can be interpreted as “when determination…” or “in response to determination…” or “when detection [the stated condition or event]” or “in response to detection [the stated condition or event]”.

[0025] In the traditional control mode of molten salt thermal energy storage systems, a fixed temperature rise rate open-loop control strategy is adopted during the preheating stage, relying on local single-point temperature feedback. Because the heat conduction paths and heat dissipation conditions differ significantly in different areas of the tank (such as the bottom, sidewalls, and top), a fixed temperature rise rate leads to inconsistent actual temperature rise rates in each area, creating radial and axial temperature gradients. However, single-point temperature feedback cannot fully capture the overall temperature field distribution, making it difficult for the control system to detect local temperature difference exceeding limits.

[0026] From a material properties perspective, the thermal expansion characteristics of materials dictate that temperature differences will induce thermal stress. When the local temperature difference exceeds the material's permissible threshold, the thermal stress will exceed safety limits, especially in stress concentration areas such as welds, which are prone to cracking. Furthermore, open-loop control lacks a feedback adjustment mechanism and cannot compensate for external disturbances such as environmental fluctuations in real time. The combination of these factors may ultimately lead to excessively high thermal stress in the storage tank during preheating due to excessive local temperature differences, potentially causing tank deformation or weld cracking.

[0027] Based on this, the commissioning method of the molten salt thermal storage system will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 This application provides a flowchart illustrating a commissioning method for a molten salt thermal energy storage system. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0028] Step 110: Start the preheating device, obtain the wall temperature of each measuring point in different areas of the storage tank, and determine the average wall temperature of the storage tank based on the wall temperature of each measuring point.

[0029] During the initial operation phase of a molten salt thermal storage system, the tank needs to be preheated to avoid thermal stress damage caused by sudden temperature changes. After the preheating device is started, wall temperature data is collected in real time through a network of temperature sensors distributed at different locations on the tank wall. The arrangement of sensors follows the principle of prioritizing areas sensitive to thermal stress; for example, the sensors are densely arranged in stress concentration areas such as tank welds and pipe roots, while they are arranged at regular intervals in the central area of ​​the tank to ensure that effective data reflecting the overall temperature field distribution is obtained. The collected raw temperature data is converted into digital signals by a signal conditioning circuit and then transmitted to the control system for preprocessing, including filtering to remove random noise and linear interpolation to compensate for possible missing sensor values, providing a basis for subsequent averaging calculations.

[0030] The average wall temperature of the storage tank is calculated based on the preprocessed wall temperature data. A dynamic weighting strategy is employed in the calculation. This strategy automatically adjusts the weight of the measuring points according to the structural risk level of different areas of the tank. For example, the weight coefficient for the bottom support ring area is set to 1.5 because it directly bears the tank load; the weight coefficient for the middle area of ​​the tank wall is set to 1.0; and the weight coefficient for the top end cap area is set to 0.8 because its thermal convection influence is relatively small. Taking a 304 stainless steel storage tank as an example, the temperature values ​​at different axial heights of its eight circumferential measuring points are T1 = 32.1℃ (bottom of the tank), T2 = 28.5℃ (lower cylinder), T3 = 29.2℃ (middle cylinder), T4 = 27.8℃ (upper cylinder), and T5 = 28.9℃ (top of the tank), etc. The average wall temperature T is calculated by weighted averaging. avg It is 29.3℃.

[0031] Step 120: Based on the thermal expansion characteristics of the tank material, the structural thickness distribution, and stress safety requirements, determine the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient that match the structural safety of the tank.

[0032] Simultaneously, a temperature stress model is invoked to calculate the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient. This model is based on the coupled theory of heat transfer and elasticity, and the input parameters include the material's thermal expansion coefficient α, elastic modulus E, Poisson's ratio ν, wall thickness δ, and structural stress threshold σ. allow The model simulates the thermal stress distribution under different temperature gradients using finite element method (FEM) simulation, and obtains the temperature difference threshold ΔT through parameter fitting. thres Calculation formula: Taking steel storage tanks as an example, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material is α = 12 × 10⁻⁶. -6 / ℃, elastic modulus E=206GPa, Poisson's ratio ν=0.28, wall thickness δ=0.015m, and structural stress threshold σ allow =170MPa, substituting into the formula, the temperature difference threshold ΔT is obtained. thres =67.2℃.

[0033] The thermal stress sensitivity coefficient k reflects the degree of influence of wall temperature changes on thermal stress, and is determined through sensitivity analysis of a temperature stress model. In specific calculations, a unit temperature change is applied to the model, the rate of change of stress response is calculated, and the result is obtained through multiple iterative fitting steps. The K value corresponding to the above steel storage tank is This coefficient will be used to quantify the impact of temperature changes on thermal stress when calculating the target outlet temperature later.

[0034] Step 130: Determine the temperature rise rate range of the tank wall based on the temperature difference threshold.

[0035] Based on the safety operation requirements of storage tanks, the formula is adopted. Calculate the upper limit of the rate of temperature rise of the tank wall, where tsafe The safe temperature rise time, typically 8-24 hours, is set based on the tank volume and structural complexity, with a safety factor η of 0.6-0.8 to reserve a thermal stress buffer zone. The temperature difference threshold ΔT is used as the reference. thres Taking a storage tank with a temperature of 67.2℃ as an example, when t is set... safe When =12h and η=0.7, the calculation yields... Based on the initial temperature rise characteristics of the storage tank and the safety redundancy requirements, the temperature rise rate range is set to [1.5, 3.92]℃ / h. This range not only meets the preheating efficiency requirements of the storage tank, but also effectively controls the increase in thermal stress through the setting of the safety factor, avoiding excessive local temperature difference due to excessive temperature rise rate.

[0036] Step 140: Determine the target outlet temperature of the preheating device based on the average temperature of the tank wall and the range of temperature rise rate.

[0037] The formula for calculating the target outlet temperature is: Among them, V r The actual temperature rise rate must be within the range determined in step 130 [V] min V max Within [T], t is the temperature rise time step, λ is the decay coefficient, and T we The ambient temperature is used. After calculating the target outlet temperature, it is also necessary to verify its corresponding temperature rise rate. When the verified temperature rise rate is within the temperature rise rate range, the target outlet temperature calculated above is directly output. If the verified temperature rise rate exceeds the temperature rise rate range calculated in step 130, the target outlet temperature of the preheating device needs to be corrected according to the temperature rise rate range, i.e., T. out =T avg +V max ·t.

[0038] Taking a 304 stainless steel storage tank as an example, when T avg =29.3℃, ΔT is calculated. thres =67.2℃, k = 4.93 × 10 3 MPa / ℃, if V r = 3℃ / h (temperature rise rate range is [1.5, 3.92]℃ / h), t = 1h, λ = 0.08 / h, T we =25℃, substituting into the formula, we get T out =96.5℃. Verify if the temperature rise rate exceeds the limit: 96.5 - 29.3 / 1 = 67.2℃ / h, far exceeding V. max =3.92℃ / h, at this time it is necessary to press V max Correct the target temperature to T out=29.3+3.92×1=33.22℃. After correction, the actual temperature rise rate V=3.92℃ / h, which is within the range of the temperature rise rate calculated in step 130.

[0039] After determining the target outlet temperature of the preheating unit, it is also necessary to dynamically adjust the temperature rise rate of the tank wall based on the temperature change characteristics to match the thermal stress control requirements at different stages. The target outlet temperature will serve as the basis for zoned control, dividing the preheating process into three characteristic zones: low-temperature preheating, medium-temperature transition, and high-temperature stabilization. Each zone corresponds to a differentiated temperature rise rate control strategy and outlet flow rate adjustment logic. Specifically:

[0040] When the corrected target outlet temperature is in the low-temperature preheating zone (e.g., set to ≤150℃), the system defaults to using the first temperature rise rate (e.g., 80℃ / h) to quickly establish the basic temperature field. However, limited by the upper limit of the temperature rise rate of 3.92 / h, it is actually executed at 3.92 / h. By increasing the outlet valve opening of the preheating device to 15%, the outlet flow rate is increased to the required 392m³ / h for the corresponding rate. 3 / h, this stage prioritizes efficiency, while monitoring the rate of thermal stress growth through a temperature stress model to ensure it does not exceed 30% of the safety threshold.

[0041] When the target outlet temperature enters the intermediate temperature transition zone (e.g., 150℃ < T ≤ 400℃), the temperature rise rate needs to be nonlinearly adjusted according to the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient and the temperature difference threshold, using the formula v2 = v1·f(k, ΔT). thres The core logic is based on the principle that the nonlinear function f can be dynamically fitted by limiting the thermal stress growth rate (e.g., ≤10% / h). For example, when the target outlet temperature is 200℃, if the calculated value of f is 0.3, the temperature rise rate is adjusted to 80*0.3=24℃ / h. However, since this exceeds the upper limit of the temperature rise rate, f needs to be further adjusted to 0.05, so that the temperature rise rate is 80×0.05=4 / h, which is close to 3.92 / h. At this time, the outlet valve opening needs to be reduced to 16% to match the outlet flow rate with the new temperature rise requirement and avoid local thermal stress concentration.

[0042] When the target outlet temperature reaches the high-temperature stable zone (e.g., T > 400℃), the system switches to exponential decay control mode, using the formula... To achieve a smooth decrease in the rate of temperature rise, wherein, Let vt be the initial temperature rise rate in the high-temperature stable zone (e.g., 30℃ / h), and t be the duration for which the target outlet temperature remains in the high-temperature stable zone. The attenuation coefficient is positively correlated with the tank volume (e.g., 0.1 / h). For example, when the target outlet temperature is 450℃ and the duration t = 1h, the temperature rise rate is v3 = 30·e2. -0.1·1 =27.25℃ / h. At this point, the exhaust valve opening is slightly adjusted to 27%, stabilizing the exhaust flow rate at 272.5m³ / h.3 / h, ensuring that the thermal stress growth rate of the storage tank approaches zero when it is close to the rated temperature.

[0043] The aforementioned zoned control strategy establishes a dynamic mapping relationship between the target outlet temperature, the temperature rise rate, and the outlet flow rate, forming a closed-loop control link of "temperature range determination - rate calculation - flow rate adjustment". This not only ensures preheating efficiency but also enables the storage tank to maintain a safe stress level in different temperature ranges through a multi-stage thermal stress regulation mechanism, effectively avoiding the thermal shock risk caused by traditional single-stage control.

[0044] After achieving dynamic control of the temperature rise rate within a temperature range, a data-driven predictive control mechanism needs to be introduced to further enhance the system's foresight and anti-interference capabilities. Considering that tank wall temperature changes are significantly correlated with multiple factors such as heat source stability and ambient temperature fluctuations, the system employs a recurrent neural network model to deeply mine historical wall temperature data and construct a predictive model capable of capturing temperature change trends. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0045] First, wall temperature monitoring data for one week (sampling interval of 15 minutes, totaling 672 sample points) was extracted from the tank operation database. After normalization, the data was divided into a training set (70%) and a test set (30%). The training set was input into an RNN model with two layers of LSTM neurons, and the model parameters were optimized using the backpropagation algorithm until the training loss function (mean squared error) converged to below 0.3. Validation on the test set showed that the model's average absolute error in predicting the wall temperature for the next 4 hours was 1.2℃, meeting the accuracy requirements for engineering applications. This resulted in a reliable wall temperature change trend prediction model.

[0046] During the preheating process, the system calls the prediction model in real time to calculate the predicted wall temperature sequence for the first time period (e.g., 2 hours). Assuming the current wall temperature input to the model at a certain moment is 350℃, and the historical temperature sequence is [345℃, 348℃, 350℃], the model outputs predicted values ​​for the next 8 time points (every 15 minutes interval): [352℃, 354℃, 356℃, 358℃, 360℃, 361℃, 362℃, 363℃]. Based on this sequence, the predicted temperature rise rate for each time period is calculated using the difference between adjacent time points. For example, the rate for the first 15-minute interval is (352-350) / 0.25 = 8℃ / h, the rate for the second interval is (354-352) / 0.25 = 8℃ / h, and so on.

[0047] The system presets a first threshold of 15℃ / h. When any predicted value exceeds this threshold, an advance adjustment mechanism is triggered. For example, if the temperature rise rate at the 6th time point in the predicted sequence is 16℃ / h (exceeding the threshold), the time difference from the current time to that time point (i.e., the second duration, such as 30 minutes) is calculated, and the opening of the preheating device's outlet valve is adjusted 30 minutes in advance. The specific adjustment amount is calculated by the PID controller. Assuming the current opening is 40%, the opening needs to be reduced to 35% to reduce the outlet air flow, thereby suppressing the temperature rise rate to a safe range.

[0048] Step 150: Adjust the output power of the preheating device based on the target outlet air temperature.

[0049] The calculated target outlet temperature is used as the setpoint for the preheating device, and the output power of the preheating device is adjusted by a PID controller. This ensures that the actual outlet temperature stabilizes at the target outlet temperature within a preset time range, guaranteeing that the preheating process meets efficiency requirements while keeping thermal stress within a safe range. Initially, the actual outlet temperature of the preheating device is the ambient temperature of 30℃, which deviates from the target value by ΔT = 88.96 - 30 = 58.96℃. The PID controller calculates the control quantity based on this deviation and outputs it to the heating element to adjust the power. After several iterative adjustments, the outlet temperature of the preheating device gradually approaches the target value. When the temperature reaches within the range of 88.96℃ ± 0.5℃, the target outlet temperature is considered reached, and the device enters the stable preheating stage.

[0050] During preheating, wall temperature changes are continuously monitored, with the average wall temperature updated every 10 seconds, and the target outlet temperature recalculated. If the wall temperature change rate exceeds a preset safety threshold (e.g., 2℃ / min), the output power of the preheating device is reduced to ensure that thermal stress remains within a safe range. This closed-loop control mechanism compares the target temperature with the measured temperature in real time, utilizing the proportional element of the PID algorithm to quickly respond to deviations, the integral element to eliminate static errors, and the derivative element to predict trends, dynamically adjusting the power. Simultaneously, when the temperature approaches the target value, derivative adjustment suppresses overshoot, forming a complete control link of "deviation calculation - power adjustment - trend prediction - feedback correction," ensuring a high degree of matching between the preheating device output and the thermal stress safety requirements of the storage tank.

[0051] Specifically, the calculated target outlet temperature is compared with the real-time outlet temperature of the preheating device to obtain the temperature deviation. This deviation value serves as the core input parameter for power regulation and is transmitted to the built-in PID controller. The PID controller responds quickly to the deviation through its proportional element, eliminates static errors through its integral element, and predicts the trend of deviation changes through its derivative element. These three elements work together to calculate the required power adjustment.

[0052] Taking a certain operating condition as an example, if the target outlet air temperature is 88.96℃ and the real-time outlet temperature of the preheating device is 30℃, then the temperature deviation ΔT is 58.96℃. Assume the PID controller parameters are set to a proportional coefficient k. p =2, Integral coefficient k i =0.1, differential coefficient k d =0.5, the power adjustment amount is calculated. The instruction is sent to the power regulation module of the preheating device, which increases the current or voltage of the heating element to raise the output power from the initial 50kW to 170kW, thereby accelerating the heating rate.

[0053] During power adjustment, the temperature deviation trend is continuously monitored. When the real-time temperature at the preheating device outlet approaches the target outlet temperature, the PID controller automatically reduces the adjustment range to avoid temperature overshoot. For example, when the real-time temperature at the preheating device outlet reaches 88℃, the derivative element reduces the power increment in advance, stabilizing the output power at around 85kW, ultimately keeping the temperature deviation within the preset range.

[0054] This dynamic power adjustment mechanism based on target temperature can not only respond quickly to changes in temperature demand during the preheating process, but also suppress the influence of interference factors (such as steam pressure fluctuations and ambient temperature changes) through intelligent algorithms, ensuring that the output power of the preheating device is highly coordinated with the thermal stress control strategy of the storage tank.

[0055] Based on dynamically adjusting the output power of the preheating device to match the required temperature rise rate at the target temperature, further strengthening real-time monitoring of the tank structure's safety is necessary to ensure its structural safety. Dynamic calculation and feedback adjustment of thermal stress are crucial aspects of this process. The thermal stress calculation at each measuring point of the tank is based on classical thermoelasticity theory, combined with real-time wall temperature data and material parameters. Specifically, the system obtains the thermal stress values ​​at each measuring point through distributed strain sensors or indirect calculation methods based on the temperature field. Where T is the real-time wall temperature at the measuring point, and T0 is the initial temperature of the storage tank (such as ambient temperature). Taking a measuring point in the middle of a storage tank as an example, if T = 300℃, T0 = 25℃, E = 200GPa, and α = 16.5 × 10⁻⁶... -6 If ν = 0.3, then the thermal stress at the measuring point is The preset first ratio threshold is 0.8 (i.e., thermal stress reaches 80% of the allowable thermal stress). When the ratio of thermal stress to allowable thermal stress at any measuring point exceeds this threshold, the temperature gradient adjustment mechanism is triggered. The adjustment formula is: Where G0 is the initial temperature gradient (e.g., 50℃ / h), σ is the measured thermal stress value, and σ0 is the allowable thermal stress value. For example, if the allowable thermal stress σ0 = 150MPa, and the thermal stress at a certain measuring point σ = 127MPa (the ratio is 0.85 > 0.8), then the adjusted temperature gradient is:

[0056] By increasing the temperature gradient and accelerating the heating rate to shorten the duration of the high-stress stage, or by reducing the gradient value to slow down the temperature rise, the specific adjustment direction needs to be determined in conjunction with the trend of thermal stress changes. After the adjustment command is sent to the preheating device, the actual outlet temperature gradient is made to approach the calculated value within 10 minutes by changing the heating power or airflow distribution, thereby achieving active control of thermal stress.

[0057] Step 210: After the storage tank is preheated, start the salt inlet device, obtain the liquid level data of the storage tank, and determine the liquid level rise rate of the storage tank based on the liquid level data.

[0058] Once the tank preheating stage is completed, the initialization procedure for the salt inlet process is triggered after the average wall temperature reaches the target preheating temperature (e.g., 88.96℃) and the temperature difference between each area is stable within a safe range (e.g., ≤±3℃) as confirmed by the multi-point temperature sensor network.

[0059] First, the heating elements of the preheating device are gradually de-energized, while the purging and pressure balancing valves of the salt inlet pipe are opened to ensure that there is no residual condensate or impurities in the pipe.

[0060] Before purging the steam-side and salt-side pipelines of the molten salt thermal storage system, the steam-side and salt-side inlet and outlet pipelines of the molten salt heat exchanger must be short-circuited to isolate the heat exchanger body and prevent impurities from damaging the internal structure during purging. Simultaneously, the auxiliary steam header is connected to the steam-side pipeline inlet via a temporary steam-side pipeline, a steam-side purge valve is installed, and the steam-side pipeline outlet is connected to the atmospheric exhaust port. Similarly, the compressed air header is connected to the salt-side pipeline inlet via a temporary salt-side pipeline, a salt-side purge valve is installed, and the salt-side pipeline outlet is connected to an independent atmospheric exhaust port, thus completing the setup of the temporary purging system.

[0061] During purging, first open the steam-side purging door and use steam (pressure ≥ preset value, temperature ≥ preset value) provided by the auxiliary steam header to purge the steam-side pipeline. Use segmented purging and intermittent bursting modes, and check the steam cleanliness through the white cloth target plate at the discharge port until no visible particles are found and the standard is met. Then open the salt-side purging door and use dry compressed air (pressure ≥ preset value, dew point ≤ preset value) to purge the salt-side pipeline. Use a combination of continuous purging and pulse disturbance to monitor the dust concentration in the air at the discharge port until the concentration is lower than the preset value. If necessary, tap the pipeline to help remove impurities from dead corners.

[0062] After purging, remove the temporary pipes and purging valves on the steam and salt sides, disconnect the short circuits on the steam and salt sides of the molten salt heat exchanger, and restore all inlet and outlet pipes to their original state and connect them correctly. After system restoration, start the molten salt circulating pump for cold-state circulation testing, check parameters such as pressure drop, and then introduce steam for hot-state commissioning, monitoring indicators such as wall temperature uniformity to ensure the system is leak-free and free from abnormal vibration. This completes the purging and commissioning of the molten salt thermal energy storage system. This method, through standardized isolation, purging, and restoration procedures, effectively removes impurities from the pipes, ensures the safe and stable operation of the system, and improves commissioning efficiency and safety.

[0063] After the preheating device has completely shut down and completed safety isolation, a start command is sent to the salt inlet device, driving the molten salt transfer pump to start running at a low speed. Simultaneously, the ultrasonic level gauge installed at the bottom of the tank is activated to collect liquid level data in real time. The level gauge transmits the liquid level height signal to the control system at a frequency of 5 times per second. After removing abnormal fluctuations through a digital filtering algorithm, the real-time liquid level rise rate is calculated using the liquid level difference between adjacent moments. For example, if the liquid level rises from 1.00m to 1.02m within 10 seconds, the current rate is 0.002m / s (7.2m / h), providing real-time data for subsequent flow rate adjustments. This transition process, through precise timing control and data integration, ensures a smooth switch from the static preheating state to the dynamic salt inlet state, avoiding additional thermal or mechanical stress caused by operational shocks.

[0064] Step 220, according to Determine the preset maximum rate v max .

[0065] According to the formula Dynamically calculate the preset maximum rate v max This is to balance salt intake efficiency with tank structural safety. Here, v0 is the preset base rate during the salt intake phase of the tank, and ΔT... avg T is the difference between the current wall temperature and the initial temperature. ref V is the temperature sensitive to thermal stress of the material, and V is the current liquid level volume. full Where k1 is the tank volume and k2 is the weighting coefficient. Thermal state correction term. As the wall temperature increases, the salt inlet rate can be appropriately increased, and the liquid level volume suppression term... Reduce the salt inlet rate as the liquid level rises to avoid risks.

[0066] Taking a 316L stainless steel storage tank as an example, the preset basic speed v0 = 6m / h, and the thermal stress sensitive temperature T ref =200℃, weighting coefficients k1=0.1, k2=0.2, volume V full =1000m 3 Immediately after preheating, the wall temperature was 90℃ and the liquid level / volume was 0m³. 3The calculated maximum flow rate was 6.195 m / h. Due to the low wall temperature and low liquid level, the rate was slightly higher than the baseline value. During the middle stage of brine introduction, the wall temperature rose to 150℃ and the liquid volume reached 500 m³. 3 The calculated rate was 5.775 m / h. The combined effects of thermal correction and liquid level suppression resulted in a rate slightly lower than the baseline value. During the later stages of brine introduction, the wall temperature stabilized at 200℃ and the liquid level / volume at 900 m³ / h. 3 The calculated rate was 5.445 m / h. The liquid level was close to full, which caused the volume inhibition term to dominate, and the rate decreased significantly.

[0067] This mechanism achieves dynamic control of the salt inlet rate by coupling thermal state and liquid level parameters in real time. It allows for increased efficiency in the low temperature and low liquid level stage and suppresses risks in the high temperature and high liquid level stage. Adjusting the weighting coefficient according to material characteristics can further optimize the safety margin. It solves the safety hazards of traditional fixed rate control under different operating conditions and realizes the stable operation of the salt inlet process of molten salt thermal storage system.

[0068] Step 230: Adjust the opening of the brine inlet gate according to the deviation between the liquid level rise rate and the preset maximum rate, so that the liquid level rise rate is stabilized within the preset range.

[0069] After calculating the preset maximum rate, the system enters the dynamic adjustment phase of the brine inlet flow rate. This is achieved by real-time monitoring of the tank's liquid level rise rate v and comparing it with the preset maximum rate v. max By comparing the results, a deviation signal Δv = v is generated. max -v. This deviation signal, as a core control parameter, is transmitted to the drive control system of the brine inlet gate. The proportional-integral-derivative (PID) algorithm calculates the opening adjustment amount, driving the actuator (such as an electric regulating valve) to automatically adjust the opening of the brine inlet gate, forming a closed-loop control link of "monitoring-calculation-adjustment". This ensures that the liquid level rise rate is stable within a preset safety range centered on the preset maximum rate, avoiding the risk of uneven stress on the storage tank or molten salt overflow due to excessive flow fluctuations.

[0070] After achieving dynamic adjustment of the salt inlet flow rate, a multi-dimensional safety monitoring and risk control system needs to be further constructed. Through a sensor network distributed at key locations within the storage tank, four core operational parameters are collected in real time: the rate of temperature rise during bottom leakage monitoring, which accurately identifies localized abnormal temperature rises caused by molten salt leakage by comparing temperature rise gradients at adjacent measuring points; the tank foundation temperature, which monitors the heat conduction status of the concrete foundation or steel support structure to prevent structural cracking due to excessive temperature differences; the foundation temperature, which focuses on the thermal stress distribution of the tank's load-bearing components to prevent foundation material softening and failure due to high temperatures; and the molten salt temperature difference inside the tank, which determines whether the molten salt exhibits stratification or abnormal flow stagnation by comparing the temperature difference between the tank top and bottom temperature sensors. These parameters are then compared with pre-set rated values.

[0071] Furthermore, based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), different risk weights are assigned according to the degree of influence of each parameter on the structural safety and process stability of the storage tank. First, a three-level evaluation system is constructed: the target layer represents the safety risk of the storage tank; the criterion layer represents leakage risk, structural risk, and process risk; and the indicator layer represents four specific parameters. Through expert questionnaires and historical accident data statistics, the weight allocation for the criterion layer is determined to be 50% for leakage risk, 30% for structural risk, and 20% for process risk. Then, the weights are refined at the indicator layer: the rate of temperature rise during bottom leakage monitoring is the core indicator of leakage risk, with a weight of 40%; the base temperature and abutment temperature are structural risk indicators, accounting for 30% and 20% respectively; and the temperature difference of the molten salt inside the tank is the process risk indicator, accounting for 10%. Finally, a comprehensive weight vector is formed: bottom leakage (40%), base temperature (30%), abutment temperature (15%), and molten salt temperature difference (15%). The comprehensive risk index RI is calculated using a normalized weighted summation model. Among them, w i For the weights of each parameter, X i X represents the measured values ​​of each parameter. i,rated The parameters are given their rated values, and the results are mapped to the [0,100] interval.

[0072] This application pre-sets a dual-threshold response mechanism: the first preset range is [30, 60] (yellow warning), corresponding to mild risk, triggering a flow reduction with a proportional coefficient of 0.9 (i.e., retaining 90% of the current flow), and prompting a low-frequency alarm through a yellow flashing on the operation interface and a buzzer on site; the second preset range is [60, 100] (red emergency), corresponding to severe risk, initiating an emergency cut-off with a proportional coefficient of 0.5 (i.e., retaining 50% of the flow or completely closing the brine inlet valve), simultaneously activating the tank area spray cooling system, opening the pressure balancing valve, and sending an alarm SMS containing real-time parameters to the remote monitoring center.

[0073] For example, the measured parameters of a molten salt storage tank during operation are: bottom temperature rise rate of 0.6℃ / h (rated value 0.1℃ / h, deviation 500%), base temperature of 42℃ (rated value 30℃, deviation 40%), abutment temperature of 35℃ (rated value 30℃, deviation 16.7%), and molten salt temperature difference of 14℃ (rated value 10℃, deviation 40%). Based on a weighting of 40% for bottom leakage, 30% for base temperature, 15% for abutment temperature, and 15% for molten salt temperature difference, the risk contributions of each parameter are 200%, 12%, 2.5%, and 6%, respectively. The normalized comprehensive risk index is 22.05, which is near the lower limit of the first preset interval [30, 60). The system immediately increases the salt inlet flow rate from 300 m³ / h. 3 / h adjusted to 270m 3 / h(300×0.9), a yellow alarm box pops up on the operation interface and the on-site alarm emits a low-frequency prompt sound every 10 seconds. If the parameters do not recover within the next 10 minutes, the system will initiate a secondary assessment and further increase the flow reduction to 80% until the parameters return to a safe range.

[0074] After completing the dynamic adjustment of the salt inlet flow rate and comprehensive risk control of the tank's operating status parameters, the commissioning of the molten salt thermal storage system enters the stage of refined monitoring of equipment parameters. Since the stability of the operating parameters of each piece of equipment directly affects the thermal stress distribution of the tank, a coupled control system between equipment parameters and the tank's structural safety needs to be constructed based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient determined during the preheating stage. Steps 310-340 acquire the operating parameters of key equipment such as the molten salt pump, heat exchanger, and turbine, dynamically adjust the parameter threshold range, and implement safety assessments, forming a complete commissioning closed loop from "process control" to "equipment status monitoring," ensuring that the system maintains a thermal stress safety margin under all operating conditions. Specifically:

[0075] Step 310: Obtain the equipment parameters of each device in the molten salt thermal storage system.

[0076] In molten salt thermal energy storage systems, the monitoring system for the operating parameters of key equipment is as follows: For molten salt pumps, the equipment parameters mainly cover electrical operating status (such as operating current and motor coil winding temperature), mechanical health indicators (bearing vibration amplitude and bearing temperature), and process parameters (pump inlet and outlet pressures and molten salt level in the storage tank); the parameter monitoring of molten salt heat exchangers focuses on heat exchange efficiency and medium status, including heat exchange end difference, molten salt outlet temperature and pressure, and steam side inlet pressure and temperature; the operating parameters of the steam turbine revolve around energy conversion and mechanical safety, specifically including thermodynamic parameters such as extraction steam pressure, extraction steam temperature, and extraction steam flow rate, as well as mechanical status parameters such as thrust bearing temperature and axial displacement.

[0077] Step 320: Adjust the threshold range of equipment parameters for each device based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient determined during the preheating stage.

[0078] First, based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient, the correlation between the equipment parameters of each device and the thermal stress of the storage tank is established. Equipment parameters such as the molten salt pump flow rate and the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the heat exchanger are used as input variables to simulate the impact of changes in the equipment parameters of each device on the structural safety of the storage tank. Taking the inlet salt flow rate as an example, for every 100m³ increase... 3 At a rate of / h, the thermal stress at the bottom of the tank increases by approximately 5MPa, thus establishing the mapping relationship σ=k·△T thres ·f(Q,T out ), where f is the equipment parameter coupling function, representing the relationship between flow rate Q and outlet temperature T. outThe nonlinear effects of thermal stress were investigated. Sensitivity analysis was used to determine the influence weights of each equipment parameter, such as molten salt pump flow rate (40%), heat exchanger temperature difference (35%), turbine vibration (15%), and storage tank strain (10%), and then the degree of influence was calculated. Among them, w i Here are the weighting coefficients, ΔX i X is the change in parameter. i,rated This is the rated value.

[0079] Based on the degree of impact and the operating conditions of each piece of equipment, the threshold range of the equipment parameters is adjusted using a nonlinear adjustment function. This nonlinear adjustment function characterizes the coupling relationship between the thermal stress growth rate and the changes in the equipment parameters. For example, the upper limit of the salt flow rate threshold increases with increasing wall temperature. Dynamic decay, where Q0 = 600m 3 / h is the baseline flow rate, k1 = 0.05 is the attenuation coefficient, and T ref =200℃ is the material's thermal stress-sensitive temperature. When the average tank wall temperature is 150℃, substituting this gives Q. max ≈577.5m 3 / h enables nonlinear adjustment of the threshold. This function fits the coupling curve of the thermal stress growth rate and parameter changes, making the threshold adjustment more closely match the actual working conditions. For example, it increases the attenuation rate in the high-temperature zone to avoid thermal stress exceeding the limit and ensure that the safety margin of the storage tank structure is maintained above 30MPa.

[0080] Step 330: Determine whether the equipment parameters of each device are within the corresponding adjusted threshold range.

[0081] Step 340: Trigger the third alarm and reassess the structural safety of the storage tank based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient determined during the preheating stage.

[0082] The specific implementation method for determining the impact factors of equipment parameter changes on the safety of the storage tank structure based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient is the same as in step 320, and will not be repeated here. Further, the safety margin of the storage tank structure is determined based on the impact factors (degree of impact) and the amount of change in equipment parameters of each device. The safety margin is used to indicate the degree of difference between the current thermal stress state of the storage tank structure and the safety limit. The safety margin is expressed by the formula SM = σ allow -σ real Calculate, where σ allow =170MPa is the allowable thermal stress, σ real This refers to the measured thermal stress. Taking a certain working condition as an example, if the measured thermal stress σ... real =140MPa, then SM=30MPa.

[0083] When the safety margin is lower than the preset risk threshold, the safety margin ΔT of the temperature difference threshold is adjusted based on the coupling relationship between equipment parameter changes and thermal stress. thres' =△T thres ·(1+0.1·IF), recalculate the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient based on the corrected temperature difference threshold. If changes in equipment parameters cause IF = 0.2, then the safety margin ΔT for the temperature difference threshold... thres' =67.2×(1+0.1×0.2)=68.54℃, thermal stress sensitivity coefficient k'=4.93×10 3 ×68.54 / 67.2≈5.01×10 3 MPa / ℃, thereby dynamically correcting the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient to ensure that the safety margin of the storage tank structure is increased to more than 32MPa.

[0084] It is understood that, in order to achieve the functions in the above embodiments, the computer device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the units and method steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this application, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed by hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0085] Furthermore, as a response to the above Figure 4 The implementation of the method embodiment shown in this application provides a debugging device for a molten salt thermal storage system. The embodiment of this device corresponds to the foregoing method embodiment. For ease of reading, this embodiment will not repeat the details of the foregoing method embodiment, but it should be understood that the device in this embodiment can implement all the contents of the foregoing method embodiment. Specifically, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, the commissioning device 400 for the molten salt thermal storage system includes:

[0086] The acquisition module 410 is used to start the preheating device, acquire the wall temperature of each measuring point in different areas of the storage tank, and determine the average wall temperature of the storage tank based on the wall temperature of each measuring point.

[0087] The determination module 420 is used to determine the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient that match the safety of the storage tank structure by combining the thermal expansion characteristics of the storage tank material, the structural thickness distribution and stress safety requirements. Based on the temperature difference threshold, the temperature rise rate range of the storage tank wall temperature is determined. Based on the average value of the storage tank wall temperature, the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient and the temperature rise rate range, the target outlet temperature of the preheating device is determined.

[0088] The adjustment module 430 is used to adjust the output power of the preheating device based on the target outlet temperature, so that the output power of the preheating device dynamically matches the temperature rise rate requirement of the tank wall temperature, so as to control the thermal stress within a safe range determined based on the temperature difference threshold.

[0089] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment module 430 is also used to determine the temperature rise rate of the tank wall temperature according to the temperature range of the target outlet temperature. Specifically, when the target outlet temperature is in the low-temperature preheating zone, the temperature rise rate of the tank wall temperature is set to the first temperature rise rate; when the target outlet temperature is in the medium-temperature transition zone, the temperature rise rate is set according to v2=v1·f(k,△T). thres The temperature rise rate v2 of the tank wall is set, where v1 is the first temperature rise rate, and f is a nonlinear adjustment function based on the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient and the temperature difference threshold; when the target outlet temperature is in the high-temperature stable zone, according to Set the temperature rise rate v3 of the tank wall, where, t represents the initial temperature rise rate in the high-temperature stable zone, and t represents the duration of the target outlet temperature in the high-temperature stable zone. The opening of the outlet valve of the preheating device is adjusted according to the temperature rise rate to adjust the outlet flow rate of the preheating device.

[0090] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment module 430 is also used to train the historical wall temperature data of the storage tank using a recurrent neural network model to generate a wall temperature change trend prediction model; calculate the wall temperature prediction value sequence within the first time period through the prediction model, and determine the temperature rise rate prediction value at each time point based on the sequence; when any temperature rise rate prediction value exceeds the first threshold, adjust the opening of the preheating device's air outlet valve in advance by the second time period.

[0091] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment module 430 is also used to calculate the thermal stress at each measuring point of the storage tank; when the ratio of the thermal stress at any measuring point of the storage tank to the allowable thermal stress reaches the first proportional threshold, according to... Adjust the outlet temperature gradient G of the preheating device, where G0 is the initial temperature gradient, σ is the thermal stress value at the measuring point, and σ0 is the allowable thermal stress value.

[0092] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment module 430 is also used to start the salt inlet device after the storage tank preheats, acquire the liquid level data of the storage tank, and determine the liquid level rise rate of the storage tank based on the liquid level data; according to Determine the preset maximum rate v max Where v0 is the preset base rate during the salt filling stage of the storage tank, and ΔT avg T is the difference between the current wall temperature and the initial temperature. ref V is the temperature sensitive to thermal stress of the material, and V is the current liquid level volume.full Where k1 is the tank volume and k2 is the weighting coefficient; the opening of the brine inlet is adjusted according to the deviation between the liquid level rise rate and the preset maximum rate, so that the liquid level rise rate is stabilized within the preset range.

[0093] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment module 430 is also used to acquire the measured and rated values ​​of the tank's operating status parameters, including: the rate of temperature rise of the tank bottom leakage monitoring, the tank foundation temperature, the tank platform temperature, and the temperature difference of the molten salt inside the tank. The module sets the risk weight of each parameter based on its impact on tank safety. It determines the comprehensive risk index based on the risk weight, measured value, and rated value of each parameter, and triggers different control actions based on different comprehensive risk indices. Specifically: when the comprehensive risk index reaches the first preset threshold range, the salt inlet flow rate is reduced by a first proportional coefficient, and a first alarm is triggered; when the comprehensive risk index reaches the second preset threshold range, the salt inlet flow rate is adjusted by a second proportional coefficient, and a second alarm and a preset safety response procedure are triggered. The upper limit of the first preset threshold range is the lower limit of the second preset threshold range, and the first proportional coefficient is greater than the second proportional coefficient.

[0094] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment module 430 is also used to acquire the equipment parameters of each device in the molten salt thermal storage system; adjust the threshold range of the equipment parameters of each device based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient determined in the preheating stage; determine whether the equipment parameters of each device are within the corresponding adjusted threshold range; if not, trigger the third alarm, and reassess the structural safety of the storage tank based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient determined in the preheating stage.

[0095] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment module 430 is also used to establish the correspondence between the equipment parameters of each device and the thermal stress of the storage tank based on the temperature difference threshold and the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient; to determine the degree of influence of the change of equipment parameters of each device on the structural safety of the storage tank through the correspondence; and to adjust the threshold range of the equipment parameters of each device through a nonlinear adjustment function according to the degree of influence and the operating conditions of each device. The nonlinear adjustment function is used to characterize the coupling relationship between the thermal stress growth rate and the change of equipment parameters of each device.

[0096] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment module 430 is also used to determine the safety margin of the tank structure based on the degree of influence and the change in equipment parameters of each device. The safety margin is used to indicate the degree of difference between the current thermal stress state of the tank structure and the safety limit. When the safety margin is lower than the preset risk threshold, the safety margin of the temperature difference threshold is adjusted based on the coupling relationship between the change in equipment parameters and thermal stress, and the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient is recalculated based on the corrected temperature difference threshold.

[0097] Optionally, the commissioning device for the molten salt thermal storage system may be an electronic device with data processing capabilities, or a functional module within the electronic device, without limitation.

[0098] For example, the electronic device can be a server, which can be a single server or a server cluster consisting of multiple servers. As another example, the electronic device can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, desktop computer, laptop computer, handheld computer, notebook computer, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), netbook, as well as cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), augmented reality (AR) devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, and other terminal devices. As yet another example, the electronic device can also be a recording device, video surveillance equipment, etc. This application does not impose any special limitations on the specific form of the electronic device.

[0099] The following example uses electronic equipment as the commissioning device for a molten salt thermal storage system. Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The hardware structure of an electronic device 500 provided in this application.

[0100] like Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 500 includes a processor 510, a communication line 520, and a communication interface 530.

[0101] Optionally, the electronic device 500 may also include a memory 540. The processor 510, memory 540, and communication interface 530 can be connected via a communication line 520.

[0102] The processor 510 can be a central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD), or any combination thereof. The processor 510 can also be any other device with processing capabilities, such as a circuit, device, or software module, without limitation.

[0103] In one example, processor 510 may include one or more CPUs, for example Figure 5 CPU0 and CPU1 in the CPU.

[0104] As an optional implementation, the electronic device 500 may include multiple processors; for example, in addition to processor 510, it may also include processor 570. A communication line 520 is used to transmit information between the components included in the electronic device 500.

[0105] Communication interface 530 is used for communication with other devices or other communication networks. These other communication networks can be Ethernet, Radio Access Network (RAN), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), etc. Communication interface 530 can be a module, circuit, transceiver, or any device capable of enabling communication.

[0106] Memory 540 is used to store instructions. These instructions can be computer programs.

[0107] The memory 540 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and / or instructions; it may also be a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and / or instructions; it may also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media, or other magnetic storage devices, etc., without limitation.

[0108] It should be noted that the memory 540 can exist independently of the processor 510, or it can be integrated with the processor 510. The memory 540 can be used to store instructions, program code, or some data, etc. The memory 540 can be located inside or outside the electronic device 500, without restriction.

[0109] The processor 510 is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory 540 to implement the communication method provided in the following embodiments of this application. For example, when the electronic device 500 is a terminal or a chip in a terminal, the processor 510 can execute instructions stored in the memory 540 to implement the steps performed by the sending end in the following embodiments of this application.

[0110] As an optional implementation, the electronic device 500 also includes an output device 550 and an input device 560. The output device 550 can be a display screen, speaker, or other device capable of outputting data from the electronic device 500 to the user. The input device 560 can be a keyboard, mouse, microphone, joystick, or other device capable of inputting data into the electronic device 500.

[0111] It should be pointed out that, Figure 5 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device, except... Figure 5 In addition to the components shown, the electronic device may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0112] The commissioning device and application scenarios of the molten salt thermal storage system described in this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of the commissioning device of the molten salt thermal storage system and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0113] This application provides a storage medium storing a program that, when executed by a processor, implements a debugging method for the molten salt thermal storage system.

[0114] This application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is suitable for executing an initialization program with the following method steps: starting a preheating device, acquiring the wall temperature at various measuring points in different areas of the storage tank, and determining the average wall temperature of the storage tank based on the wall temperature at each measuring point; determining a temperature difference threshold and a thermal stress sensitivity coefficient that match the safety of the storage tank structure, taking into account the thermal expansion characteristics of the storage tank material, the structural thickness distribution, and stress safety requirements; determining the temperature rise rate range of the storage tank wall temperature based on the temperature difference threshold; determining the target outlet temperature of the preheating device based on the average wall temperature, the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient, and the temperature rise rate range; and adjusting the output power of the preheating device based on the target outlet temperature, so that the output power of the preheating device dynamically matches the temperature rise rate requirement of the storage tank wall temperature, thereby controlling the thermal stress within the safe range determined based on the temperature difference threshold.

[0115] Furthermore, the temperature rise rate of the tank wall is determined based on the temperature range of the target outlet temperature. Specifically, when the target outlet temperature is in the low-temperature preheating zone, the temperature rise rate of the tank wall is set as the first temperature rise rate; when the target outlet temperature is in the medium-temperature transition zone, the rate is determined according to v2=v1·f(k,△T). thres The temperature rise rate v2 of the tank wall is set, where v1 is the first temperature rise rate, and f is a nonlinear adjustment function based on the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient and the temperature difference threshold; when the target outlet temperature is in the high-temperature stable zone, according to Set the temperature rise rate v3 of the tank wall, where, t represents the initial temperature rise rate in the high-temperature stable zone, and t represents the duration of the target outlet temperature in the high-temperature stable zone. The opening of the outlet valve of the preheating device is adjusted according to the temperature rise rate to adjust the outlet flow rate of the preheating device.

[0116] Furthermore, a recurrent neural network model is used to train the historical wall temperature data of the storage tank to generate a wall temperature change trend prediction model; the prediction model is used to calculate the wall temperature prediction value sequence within the first time period in the future, and the temperature rise rate prediction value at each time point is determined based on the sequence; when any temperature rise rate prediction value exceeds the first threshold, the opening of the preheating device's air outlet valve is adjusted in advance by the second time period.

[0117] Furthermore, the thermal stress at each measuring point of the storage tank is calculated; when the ratio of the thermal stress at any measuring point of the storage tank to the allowable thermal stress reaches the first proportional threshold, according to... Adjust the outlet temperature gradient G of the preheating device, where G0 is the initial temperature gradient, σ is the thermal stress value at the measuring point, and σ0 is the allowable thermal stress value.

[0118] Furthermore, after the storage tank is preheated, the brine inlet device is activated to acquire the tank's liquid level data, and the rate of liquid level rise is determined based on this data; according to Determine the preset maximum rate v max Where v0 is the preset base rate during the salt filling stage of the storage tank, and ΔT avg T is the difference between the current wall temperature and the initial temperature. ref V is the temperature sensitive to thermal stress of the material, and V is the current liquid level volume. full Where k1 is the tank volume and k2 is the weighting coefficient; the opening of the brine inlet is adjusted according to the deviation between the liquid level rise rate and the preset maximum rate, so that the liquid level rise rate is stabilized within the preset range.

[0119] Furthermore, the measured and rated values ​​of the tank's operating status parameters are obtained. These parameters include: the rate of temperature rise during bottom leakage monitoring, the tank foundation temperature, the tank abutment temperature, and the temperature difference of the molten salt inside the tank. Risk weights are assigned to each parameter based on its impact on tank safety. A comprehensive risk index is determined based on the risk weights, measured values, and rated values ​​of each parameter. Different control actions are triggered based on different comprehensive risk indices. Specifically: when the comprehensive risk index reaches a first preset threshold range, the salt inlet flow rate is reduced by a first proportional coefficient, and a first alarm is triggered; when the comprehensive risk index reaches a second preset threshold range, the salt inlet flow rate is adjusted by a second proportional coefficient, and a second alarm and a preset safety response procedure are triggered. The upper limit of the first preset threshold range is the lower limit of the second preset threshold range, and the first proportional coefficient is greater than the second proportional coefficient.

[0120] Furthermore, the equipment parameters of each device in the molten salt thermal storage system are obtained; the threshold range of the equipment parameters of each device is adjusted based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient determined in the preheating stage; it is determined whether the equipment parameters of each device are within the corresponding adjusted threshold range; if not, a third alarm is triggered, and the structural safety of the storage tank is reassessed based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient determined in the preheating stage.

[0121] Furthermore, based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient, a correspondence between the equipment parameters of each device and the thermal stress of the storage tank is established; the influence of changes in the equipment parameters of each device on the structural safety of the storage tank is determined through the correspondence; according to the degree of influence and the operating conditions of each device, the threshold range of the equipment parameters of each device is adjusted through a nonlinear adjustment function, wherein the nonlinear adjustment function is used to characterize the coupling relationship between the thermal stress growth rate and the changes in the equipment parameters of each device.

[0122] Furthermore, the safety margin of the tank structure is determined based on the degree of impact and the changes in the equipment parameters of each device. The safety margin is used to indicate the degree of difference between the current thermal stress state of the tank structure and the safety limit. When the safety margin is lower than the preset risk threshold, the safety margin of the temperature difference threshold is adjusted based on the coupling relationship between the changes in equipment parameters and thermal stress. The thermal stress sensitivity coefficient is recalculated based on the corrected temperature difference threshold.

[0123] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0124] In a typical configuration, the device includes one or more processors (CPUs), memory, and a bus. The device may also include input / output interfaces, network interfaces, etc.

[0125] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, like read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and memory includes at least one memory chip. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0126] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0127] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0128] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0129] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for commissioning a molten salt thermal storage system, characterized in that, The method includes: The preheating device is activated to obtain the wall temperature at various measuring points in different areas of the storage tank. The average wall temperature T of the storage tank is then determined based on the wall temperature at each measuring point. avg ; Based on the thermal expansion characteristics of the tank material, structural thickness distribution, and stress safety requirements, a temperature difference threshold that matches the structural safety of the storage tank is determined. and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient ,in, Where E is the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material, and E is the elastic modulus. For Poisson's ratio, For wall thickness, The structural stress threshold; The temperature rise rate range of the tank wall temperature is determined based on the temperature difference threshold, wherein the upper limit of the temperature rise rate range is... , The safe temperature rise time is set according to the tank volume and structural complexity. For safety margin, the lower limit V min =1.5 ; The target outlet temperature of the preheating device is determined based on the average tank wall temperature, the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient, and the temperature rise rate range. ,in, The actual temperature rise rate must be within the stated temperature rise rate range. Within, t represents the temperature rise time step. The attenuation coefficient is... Ambient temperature; The output power of the preheating device is adjusted based on the target outlet temperature so that the output power of the preheating device dynamically matches the temperature rise rate requirement of the tank wall temperature, thereby controlling the thermal stress within a safe range determined based on the temperature difference threshold. After determining the target outlet temperature of the preheating device based on the average tank wall temperature, the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient, and the temperature rise rate range, the method further includes: The rate of temperature rise of the tank wall is determined based on the temperature range within which the target outlet temperature is located, wherein, When the target outlet temperature is in the low temperature preheating zone, the temperature rise rate of the tank wall is set to the first temperature rise rate. When the target outlet temperature is in the intermediate temperature transition zone, according to Set the temperature rise rate of the tank wall. ,in, Let f be the first temperature rise rate, and f be a nonlinear adjustment function based on the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient and the temperature difference threshold. When the target outlet temperature is in the high-temperature stable zone, according to Set the temperature rise rate of the tank wall. ,in, t represents the initial temperature rise rate in the high-temperature stable region, and t represents the duration during which the target outlet temperature remains in the high-temperature stable region. The opening of the preheating device's outlet valve is adjusted according to the temperature rise rate to adjust the outlet flow rate of the preheating device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: A recurrent neural network model is used to train the historical wall temperature data of the storage tank to generate a wall temperature change trend prediction model. The prediction model calculates a sequence of predicted wall temperatures over a first time period, and the predicted rate of temperature rise at each time point is determined based on the sequence. The first time period is used to indicate the future time span for predicting the tank wall temperature. When any predicted temperature rise rate exceeds the first threshold, the opening of the preheating device's outlet valve is adjusted in advance by a second duration. The second duration indicates the advance amount of time required to adjust the outlet valve opening when the predicted temperature rise rate exceeds the limit.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After adjusting the output power of the preheating device based on the target outlet air temperature, the method further includes: Calculate the thermal stress at each measuring point of the storage tank; When the ratio of thermal stress to allowable thermal stress at any measuring point of the storage tank reaches a first proportional threshold, according to Adjust the outlet air temperature gradient G of the preheating device, where, For the initial temperature gradient, The thermal stress value at the measuring point. This is the allowable thermal stress value.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The method further includes: After the storage tank is preheated, the salt inlet device is started to obtain the liquid level data of the storage tank, and the liquid level rise rate of the storage tank is determined based on the liquid level data. according to Determine the preset maximum rate ,in, The preset base rate for the salt filling stage of the storage tank. This is the difference between the current wall temperature and the initial temperature. For the material's thermal stress sensitive temperature, This represents the current liquid level and volume. For the storage tank volume, These are the weighting coefficients; Based on the deviation between the liquid level rise rate and the preset maximum rate, the opening of the salt inlet gate is adjusted to keep the liquid level rise rate stable within a preset range. The preset range is determined based on the temperature difference threshold for safe matching of the storage tank structure during the preheating stage.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After adjusting the opening of the brine inlet gate based on the deviation between the liquid level rise rate and the preset maximum rate, the method further includes: Obtain the measured and rated values ​​of the tank's operating status parameters, which include: the rate of temperature rise of the tank bottom leakage monitoring, the tank foundation temperature, the tank foundation temperature, and the temperature difference of the molten salt inside the tank. Risk weights for each parameter are set according to their impact on the safety of the storage tank. The risk weights are determined based on the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient during the preheating stage. The comprehensive risk index is determined based on the risk weights, measured values, and rated values ​​of each parameter. Different control actions are triggered based on different comprehensive risk indices, including: When the comprehensive risk index reaches the first preset threshold range, the salt inlet flow rate is adjusted according to the first proportional coefficient, and the first alarm is triggered. When the comprehensive risk index reaches the second preset threshold range, the salt inlet flow rate is adjusted according to the second proportional coefficient, and the second alarm and preset safety response procedure are triggered. The preset safety response procedure includes reassessing the structural safety of the storage tank based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient determined in the preheating stage. The upper limit of the first preset threshold interval is the lower limit of the second preset threshold interval, and the first proportional coefficient is greater than the second proportional coefficient.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After adjusting the output power of the preheating device according to the target outlet air temperature, the method further includes: Obtain the equipment parameters of each device in the molten salt thermal storage system; The threshold range of equipment parameters for each device is adjusted based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient determined during the preheating stage. Determine whether the equipment parameters of each device are within the corresponding adjusted threshold range; If not, a third alarm is triggered, and the structural safety of the storage tank is reassessed based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient determined during the preheating phase.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The threshold range for adjusting the equipment parameters of each device based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient determined during the preheating stage includes: Based on the temperature difference threshold and the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient, a correspondence between the equipment parameters of each device and the thermal stress of the storage tank is established. The impact of changes in the equipment parameters of each device on the structural safety of the storage tank is determined by the aforementioned correspondence. Based on the degree of influence and the operating conditions of each device, the threshold range of the device parameters of each device is adjusted by a nonlinear adjustment function, wherein the nonlinear adjustment function is used to characterize the coupling relationship between the thermal stress growth rate and the changes in the device parameters of each device.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The structural safety of the storage tank was reassessed based on the temperature difference threshold and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient determined during the preheating stage, including: The safety margin of the tank structure is determined based on the degree of influence and the changes in the equipment parameters of each device. The safety margin is used to indicate the degree of difference between the current thermal stress state of the tank structure and the safety limit. When the safety margin is lower than the preset risk threshold, the safety margin of the temperature difference threshold is adjusted based on the coupling relationship between equipment parameter changes and thermal stress, and the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient is recalculated based on the corrected temperature difference threshold.

9. A commissioning device for a molten salt thermal storage system, characterized in that, The apparatus is used to perform the commissioning method of the molten salt thermal storage system as described in any one of claims 1-8, the apparatus comprising: The acquisition module is used to start the preheating device, acquire the wall temperature at various measuring points in different areas of the storage tank, and determine the average tank wall temperature T based on the wall temperature at each measuring point. avg ; The determination module is used to determine the temperature difference threshold that matches the structural safety of the storage tank, taking into account the thermal expansion characteristics of the tank material, the structural thickness distribution, and stress safety requirements. and thermal stress sensitivity coefficient ,in, Where E is the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material, and E is the elastic modulus. For Poisson's ratio, For wall thickness, As a structural stress threshold, the temperature rise rate range of the tank wall temperature is determined based on the temperature difference threshold, wherein the upper limit of the temperature rise rate range is... , The safe temperature rise time is set according to the tank volume and structural complexity. For safety margin, the lower limit V min =1.5 The target outlet temperature of the preheating device is determined based on the average tank wall temperature, the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient, and the temperature rise rate range. ,in, The actual temperature rise rate must be within the stated temperature rise rate range. Within, t represents the temperature rise time step. The attenuation coefficient is... Ambient temperature; The adjustment module is used to adjust the output power of the preheating device based on the target outlet temperature, so that the output power of the preheating device dynamically matches the temperature rise rate requirement of the tank wall temperature, so as to control the thermal stress within a safe range determined based on the temperature difference threshold. The adjustment module is further configured to determine the rate of temperature rise of the tank wall temperature based on the temperature range in which the target outlet temperature is located, wherein, When the target outlet temperature is in the low temperature preheating zone, the temperature rise rate of the tank wall is set to the first temperature rise rate. When the target outlet temperature is in the intermediate temperature transition zone, according to Set the temperature rise rate of the tank wall. ,in, Let f be the first temperature rise rate, and f be a nonlinear adjustment function based on the thermal stress sensitivity coefficient and the temperature difference threshold. When the target outlet temperature is in the high-temperature stable zone, according to Set the temperature rise rate of the tank wall. ,in, t represents the initial temperature rise rate in the high-temperature stable region, and t represents the duration during which the target outlet temperature remains in the high-temperature stable region. The opening of the preheating device's outlet valve is adjusted according to the temperature rise rate to adjust the outlet flow rate of the preheating device.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device containing the storage medium to perform the commissioning method of the molten salt thermal storage system as described in any one of claims 1-8.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes at least one processor, at least one memory connected to the processor, and a bus; wherein the processor and the memory communicate with each other through the bus; the processor is used to call program instructions in the memory to execute the commissioning method of the molten salt thermal storage system as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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