Variable-speed main shaft running-in test bench

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of detection devices, in particular to a variable-speed spindle running-in test board. A variable-speed main shaft running-in test board is used for detecting a main shaft and comprises a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism comprises a connecting rope, a first transmission assembly and a second transmission assembly. The first transmission assembly comprises a first wheel and a second wheel, and the second transmission assembly comprises a third wheel and a fourth wheel. The connecting rope comprises a first rope and a second rope. The first rope and the second rope are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the main shaft, and the first rope and the second rope apply tension force with opposite directions and equal magnitude to the main shaft, so that the stress of the main shaft is balanced. By means of the design, deflection torque caused by traditional single-side traction can be effectively offset, and the problem of local abnormal temperature rise caused by uneven stress of the main shaft is fundamentally solved. The invention provides a variable-speed main shaft running-in test board to solve the problem that when a motor of an existing test board drives a main shaft to rotate through a belt, the main shaft is heated unevenly through the belt, and the measurement result is affected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of detection devices, and in particular to a variable-speed main shaft running-in test bench. BACKGROUND

[0002] The variable-speed main shaft running-in test bench is a comprehensive experimental equipment integrating mechanical, electrical, control and measurement systems. Its core function is to test the newly manufactured, repaired or to-be-detected main shaft under load or no-load operation in a controllable and simulated real working condition environment.

[0003] Through the running-in test, the system drives the main shaft to rotate and monitors the temperature changes of the front-end bearing, rear-end bearing and motor housing in real time to evaluate the running state of the main shaft. This process can effectively expose potential defects of the main shaft in the manufacturing or assembly process, such as improper bearing installation, poor dynamic balance or presence of minor cracks in parts, thereby avoiding delivering defective products to customers and strictly ensuring the quality of the products. In addition, in the research and development stage, the test bench can collect a large amount of performance data (such as temperature rise curves and vibration frequency spectra under different speeds), which provides key basis for design optimization. At the same time, the reliability and service life of the main shaft can also be objectively evaluated through long-term and high-intensity accelerated life tests. Currently, such test benches mostly use belt transmission to connect the motor and the main shaft. However, when replacing the main shaft, the process of disassembling the belt is relatively inconvenient.

[0004] The utility model patent with publication number CN216815990U provides a reverse well hob running-in test bench, which facilitates the braking of the roller shaft through the braking mechanism, thereby improving the stability of the running-in device. However, when the motor drives the roller shaft to rotate through the belt, the belt will exert a deflection force on the roller shaft during tensioning. Long-term operation not only easily causes damage to the main shaft, but also causes abnormal local temperature differences due to uneven heat dissipation in the contact area and non-contact area of the main shaft and the belt, ultimately affecting the accuracy of the temperature measurement data. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a variable-speed main shaft running-in test bench to solve the problem of uneven heating of the main shaft caused by the belt when the motor of the existing test bench drives the main shaft to rotate, which affects the measurement results.

[0006] The variable-speed main shaft running-in test bench of the present application adopts the following technical solution: a variable-speed main shaft running-in test bench for detecting a main shaft, the outer side of the main shaft is provided with an outer cylinder coaxial with the main shaft, and the test bench comprises a base, a transmission mechanism, an adjusting mechanism and a driving mechanism. The outer cylinder is horizontally rotatably arranged on the base. The transmission mechanism comprises a connecting rope and first and second transmission assemblies located on both sides of the main shaft in a first direction, which is a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft.

[0007] The first transmission assembly includes a first wheel and a second wheel arranged vertically. The second transmission assembly includes a third wheel and a fourth wheel arranged vertically. The axes of the first, second, third, and fourth wheels are all arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft and are rotatably mounted on the base. The third and fourth wheels can slide vertically. During operation, the first, second, third, and fourth wheels form a parallelogram.

[0008] The connecting ropes consist of a first rope and a second rope connected end-to-end. The first rope successively wraps around the upper side of the first spool, the lower side of the main shaft, and the upper side of the third spool, while the second rope successively wraps around the lower side of the second spool, the upper side of the main shaft, and the lower side of the fourth spool. The drive mechanism rotates the connecting ropes, which in turn rotates the main shaft. The first and second ropes exert opposite forces on the main shaft, resulting in force balance. The adjustment mechanism moves the third and fourth spools to ensure that the center of the parallelogram is always centered on the main shaft's axis.

[0009] Furthermore, an adjustment groove is provided on the base, located along the first direction on the side of the third wheel away from the main shaft. The adjustment groove is inclined. The adjustment mechanism includes a tensioning assembly, which includes a tensioning wheel. The tensioning wheel is slidably disposed within the adjustment groove and is rotatable. The axis of the tensioning wheel is on the same horizontal line as the center of the line connecting the axes of the third and fourth wheels. The connecting rope is wound around the tensioning wheel to keep the connecting rope taut.

[0010] The transmission mechanism has a first state and a second state. When working, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, where the distance between the third and fourth wheels is equal to the distance between the first and second wheels. At this time, the connecting rope remains taut under the action of the tensioning wheel. When not working, it is in the second state, where the distance between the third and fourth wheels is less than the distance between the first and second wheels. At this time, the connecting rope remains slack.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism also includes a connecting plate, two sliding plates, and two connecting rods. The two sliding plates are arranged sequentially in a vertical direction, each sliding on a base. A third and fourth wheel are rotatably mounted on the two sliding plates. The connecting plate is positioned between the third and fourth wheels. One end of each connecting rod is rotatably connected to the connecting plate, and the other end of each connecting rod is rotatably connected to a sliding plate. Movement of the connecting plate in the vertical direction causes the two sliding plates to move synchronously up and down. Movement of the connecting plate along the axial direction of the main shaft causes the two sliding plates to move closer together or further apart.

[0012] Furthermore, a connecting shaft coaxial with the tensioning wheel is provided on the tensioning wheel. The connecting shaft and the connecting plate are slidably connected. The connecting plate can slide relative to the connecting shaft along a first direction, and can also slide relative to the connecting shaft along the axial direction of the connecting shaft. The connecting plate can also drive the connecting shaft to slide synchronously in the vertical direction. The tensioning assembly also includes a tension spring, which is inclined. The tension spring connects the base and the connecting shaft, providing a downward force and a force away from the main shaft to the connecting shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, when the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the connecting plate moves to abut against the platform, and the distance between the end of the connecting rod and the slide plate connected to the platform is greater than the distance between the end of the connecting rod and the connecting plate connected to the platform. The force provided by the connecting rope to the third and fourth wheels brings the third and fourth wheels closer together, and is converted into a force that brings the connecting plate closer to the platform through the connecting rod.

[0014] When the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the connecting plate and the base are out of contact, and the distance between the end of the connecting rod and the slide plate connected to the base is less than the distance between the end of the connecting rod and the connecting plate connected to the base. The connecting plate moves along the axial direction of the main shaft and away from the base, causing the transmission mechanism to change from the second state to the first state.

[0015] Furthermore, a variable-speed spindle break-in test bench also includes two clearance mechanisms, located on opposite sides of the spindle along a first direction. Each clearance mechanism includes a hinge shaft and two arc-shaped housings with their concave surfaces facing each other. The two ends of the hinge shaft are respectively ball-jointed to the inner center of the two arc-shaped housings. One arc-shaped housing in each clearance mechanism is connected to a first rope, and the other arc-shaped housing is connected to a second rope to prevent the first and second ropes from tangling.

[0016] Furthermore, each arc-shaped outer shell has an arc groove on its outer wall, the arc groove and the arc-shaped outer shell being coaxial, and the first rope and the second rope are slidably disposed within the arc groove. Multiple rotating rods are rotatably disposed within the arc groove for sliding contact with the first rope and the second rope.

[0017] Furthermore, limit rods are rotatably installed at both ends of each arc groove in the circumferential direction, and the limit rods are arranged along the axial direction of the arc groove. The first rope and the second rope pass through the gap between the limit rods and the arc groove, and the limit rods are used to prevent the first rope and the second rope from coming out of the arc groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a motor, a belt, a drive pulley, and a driven pulley. The motor is fixedly mounted on the base, the drive pulley is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor, the driven pulley and the second pulley are fixedly connected, and the belt connects the drive pulley and the driven pulley.

[0019] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is installed on the base to monitor the temperature at both ends of the spindle and the outer cylinder, thereby determining the operating status of the spindle.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The variable-speed spindle running-in test bench of this invention uses a first rope and a second rope symmetrically arranged on both sides of the spindle. These first and second ropes apply tension forces of opposite directions and equal magnitudes to the spindle, thus balancing the forces on the spindle. This design effectively counteracts the deflection torque caused by traditional unilateral traction, fundamentally solving the problem of localized abnormal temperature rise caused by uneven force on the spindle. This not only ensures the accuracy and validity of temperature measurement data but also significantly reduces the potential damage to the spindle caused by unilateral force.

[0021] When the outer cylinder diameter is different, the spindle's center height will change. The adjustment mechanism, by moving the third and fourth wheels, ensures that the center of the parallelogram is always at the spindle's center, guaranteeing that the transmission mechanism maintains the optimal relative position for any outer cylinder size. This achieves rapid and flexible adaptation, greatly expanding the versatility and application range of the test bench. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a variable speed spindle running-in test bench provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a variable speed spindle running-in test bench from another perspective, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 A front view of a variable speed spindle running-in test bench provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of a variable speed spindle running-in test bench in a second state, provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the clearance mechanism of a variable speed spindle running-in test bench provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 101, base; 102, lower support block; 103, upper pressure block; 104, motor; 1041, drive wheel; 105, belt; 106, driven wheel; 2011, first slide groove; 2012, adjusting groove; 202, first wheel; 203, second wheel; 204, third wheel; 205, fourth wheel; 206, sliding plate; 207, connecting rod; 208, connecting plate; 2081, second slide groove; 209, tension wheel; 2091, connecting rod; 2092, tension spring; 300, main shaft; 310, outer cylinder; 400, first rope; 410, second rope; 501, arc-shaped outer shell; 502, limiting rod; 503, second rotating rod; 504, first rotating rod; 505, hinge shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a variable speed spindle running-in test bench for testing a spindle 300. An outer cylinder 310, coaxial with the spindle 300, is provided on the outside of the spindle 300. The test bench includes a base 101, a transmission mechanism, an adjustment mechanism, and a drive mechanism. The outer cylinder 310 is horizontally rotatably mounted on the base 101. The transmission mechanism includes a connecting rope and a first transmission assembly and a second transmission assembly located on both sides of the spindle 300 in a first direction, which is horizontal and perpendicular to the axial direction of the spindle 300.

[0027] The first transmission assembly includes a first wheel 202 and a second wheel 203 arranged vertically. The second transmission assembly includes a third wheel 204 and a fourth wheel 205 arranged vertically. The axes of the first wheel 202, the second wheel 203, the third wheel 204, and the fourth wheel 205 are all arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft 300 and are rotatably mounted on the base 101. The third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 can slide up and down. During operation, the first wheel 202, the second wheel 203, the third wheel 204, and the fourth wheel 205 form a parallelogram, with the center of the parallelogram located at the axis of the main shaft 300.

[0028] The connecting ropes include a first rope 400 and a second rope 410 connected end-to-end. The first rope 400 sequentially passes over the upper side of the first wheel 202, the lower side of the main shaft 300, and the upper side of the third wheel 204. The second rope 410 sequentially passes over the lower side of the second wheel 203, the upper side of the main shaft 300, and the lower side of the fourth wheel 205. The first rope 400 and the second rope 410 are symmetrically arranged. The drive mechanism drives the connecting ropes to rotate, which in turn drives the main shaft 300 to rotate. The first rope 400 and the second rope 410 provide opposite forces of equal magnitude to the main shaft 300, balancing the forces on the main shaft 300. This design effectively counteracts the deflection torque caused by traditional unilateral traction, fundamentally solving the problem of localized abnormal temperature rise in the main shaft 300 caused by uneven force. This not only ensures the accuracy and validity of temperature measurement data but also significantly reduces the potential damage to the main shaft 300 caused by unilateral force.

[0029] When the outer cylinder 310 has a different diameter, the distance between the axis of the outer cylinder 310 and the base 101 will change. Furthermore, since the main shaft 300 and the outer cylinder 310 are coaxially arranged, the height of the axis of the main shaft 300 will also change. The adjustment mechanism, by moving the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205, ensures that the center of the parallelogram is always at the axis of the main shaft 300, thus adapting to outer cylinders 310 of different diameters and providing greater adaptability.

[0030] In this embodiment, an adjustment groove 2012 is provided on the base 101. Along the first direction, the adjustment groove 2012 is located on the side of the third wheel 204 away from the main shaft 300. The adjustment groove 2012 is inclined and gradually moves away from the main shaft 300 along the top-to-bottom direction.

[0031] The adjusting mechanism includes a tensioning assembly, which includes a tensioning wheel 209. The tensioning wheel 209 is slidably disposed within the adjusting groove 2012 and is capable of rotating about its own axis. The center of the axis of the tensioning wheel 209 is always on the same horizontal line as the center of the line connecting the axes of the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205. A connecting rope is wound around the tensioning wheel 209, and the connecting rope and the side of the tensioning wheel 209 away from the main shaft 300 abut against each other, keeping the connecting rope taut.

[0032] The transmission mechanism has a first state and a second state. When in operation, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, where the distance between the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 is equal to the distance between the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203. At this time, the connecting rope remains taut under the action of the tension wheel 209. When not in operation, it is in the second state, where the distance between the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 is less than the distance between the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203. At this time, the connecting rope remains slack.

[0033] In this embodiment, a vertically arranged first slide groove 2011 is provided on the base 101. The adjustment mechanism also includes a connecting plate 208, two slide plates 206, and two connecting rods 207. The two slide plates 206 are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction, and each slide plate 206 is slidably disposed in the first slide groove 2011. The third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 are rotatably disposed on the two slide plates 206, respectively. The connecting plate 208 is located between the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205. One end of the connecting rod 207 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 208, and the other end of each connecting rod 207 is rotatably connected to a slide plate 206. The vertical movement of the connecting plate 208 causes the two slide plates 206 to move up and down synchronously. The axial movement of the connecting plate 208 along the main shaft 300 causes the two slide plates 206 to move closer to each other or further away from each other. When the fourth wheel 205 is at the bottom of the first slide groove 2011, the axis of the fourth wheel 205 and the axis of the second wheel 203 are on the same horizontal line.

[0034] In this embodiment, a connecting shaft coaxial with the tensioning wheel 209 is rotatably mounted on the tensioning wheel 209. A second sliding groove 2081 is provided on the connecting plate 208, and the second sliding groove 2081 is arranged along a first direction. The connecting shaft is slidably disposed in the second sliding groove 2081 along the first direction, and the connecting shaft can slide along the axial direction of the connecting shaft relative to the second sliding groove 2081.

[0035] The tensioning assembly also includes a connecting rod 2091 and a tension spring 2092. The connecting rod 2091 is fixedly mounted on the base 101 and is inclined, gradually moving away from the main shaft 300 along a downward direction. The tension spring 2092 is sleeved on the connecting rod 2091, connecting the base 101 and the connecting shaft, and providing a downward force to the connecting shaft and a force away from the main shaft 300.

[0036] When the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the connecting shaft and the connecting plate 208 are connected. When the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the connecting shaft and the connecting plate 208 are disconnected. After the transmission mechanism changes from the second state to the first state, the tension spring 2092 and the connecting rope work together to drive the connecting shaft to slide within the adjusting groove 2012 and then remain stationary.

[0037] In this embodiment, when the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the connecting plate 208 moves to abut against the base 101. At this time, the distance between the end of the connecting rod 207 and the slide plate 206 connected to the base 101 is greater than the distance between the end of the connecting rod 207 and the connecting plate 208 connected to the base 101. The force provided by the connecting rope to the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 causes the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 to move closer to each other. This force is converted by the connecting rod 207 into a force that moves the connecting plate 208 closer to the base 101.

[0038] When the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the connecting plate 208 and the base 101 are out of contact, and the distance between the end of the connecting rod 207 and the slide plate 206 and the base 101 is less than the distance between the end of the connecting rod 207 and the connecting plate 208 and the base 101. The connecting plate 208 moves along the axial direction of the main shaft 300 and away from the base 101, causing the transmission mechanism to change from the second state to the first state.

[0039] In this embodiment, a variable speed spindle running-in test bench further includes two clearance mechanisms, which are located on both sides of the spindle 300 along a first direction. Each clearance mechanism includes a hinge shaft 505 and two arc-shaped housings 501, with the concave surfaces of the two arc-shaped housings 501 facing each other. The two ends of the hinge shaft 505 are respectively connected to the ball joints at the center of the inner side of the two arc-shaped housings 501.

[0040] In each yielding mechanism, one arc-shaped housing 501 is connected to a first rope 400, with the first ropes 400 on both sides of the arc-shaped housing 501 aligned on a straight line. Another arc-shaped housing 501 is connected to a second rope 410, with the second ropes 410 on both sides of the arc-shaped housing 501 aligned on a straight line. The arc-shaped housing 501 prevents the first ropes 400 and the second ropes 410 from tangling, avoiding frictional wear during rotation. Simultaneously, the arc-shaped housing 501 ensures that the first ropes 400 and the second ropes 410 in contact with the main shaft 300 are on the same circle, resulting in a uniform and balanced force on the main shaft 300.

[0041] In this embodiment, each arc-shaped outer shell 501 has an arc groove on its outer side wall. The arc groove and the arc-shaped outer shell 501 are coaxially arranged, and the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 are slidably disposed in the arc groove. Multiple rotating rods are rotatably disposed in the arc groove for sliding contact with the first rope 400 and the second rope 410.

[0042] The plurality of rotating rods includes a plurality of first rotating rods 504 and a plurality of second rotating rods 503. The first rotating rods 504 are rotatably mounted on the radial sidewalls of the arc groove, each first rotating rod 504 being arranged axially along the arc groove, and the plurality of first rotating rods 504 are sequentially distributed circumferentially along the arc groove. The second rotating rods 503 are rotatably mounted on two sidewalls of the arc groove along the axial direction of the arc groove, each second rotating rod 503 being arranged radially along the arc groove, and the plurality of second rotating rods 503 are sequentially distributed circumferentially along the arc groove. The first rotating rods 504 and second rotating rods 503 slide in contact with the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 to prevent wear on the first rope 400, the second rope 410, and the arc-shaped housing 501.

[0043] In this embodiment, limit rods 502 are rotatably provided at both ends of each arc groove in the circumferential direction, and the limit rods 502 are arranged along the axial direction of the arc groove. The first rope 400 and the second rope 410 pass through the gap between the limit rods 502 and the arc groove, and the limit rods 502 are used to prevent the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 from coming out of the arc groove.

[0044] In this embodiment, the drive mechanism includes a motor 104, a belt 105, a drive pulley 1041, and a driven pulley 106. The motor 104 is fixedly mounted on the base 101, and the output shaft of the motor 104 is arranged along a first direction. The drive pulley 1041 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor 104, the driven pulley 106 is fixedly connected to the second pulley 203, and the belt 105 connects the drive pulley 1041 and the driven pulley 106.

[0045] Start motor 104. Motor 104 drives belt 105 to rotate via drive pulley 1041. Belt 105 drives second pulley 203 to rotate via driven pulley 106. When second pulley 203 rotates, it drives connecting rope to rotate, and connecting rope drives main shaft 300 to rotate.

[0046] In this embodiment, two support mechanisms are provided on the base 101, and the two support mechanisms are distributed sequentially along the axial direction of the main shaft 300. Each support mechanism includes a lower support block 102 and an upper pressure block 103 that can slide up and down. The main shaft 300 is rotatably disposed between the lower support block 102 and the upper pressure block 103, which are used to limit the movement of the main shaft 300. A temperature sensor is also provided on the base 101 to monitor the temperature at both ends of the main shaft 300 and the outer cylinder 310, thereby determining the operating status of the main shaft 300.

[0047] Working process: In the initial state, the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the connecting plate 208 and the base 101 are out of contact, and the distance between the end of the connecting rod 207 and the slide plate 206 connected to the base 101 is less than the distance between the end of the connecting rod 207 and the connecting plate 208 connected to the base 101. The fourth wheel 205 is at the bottom of the first slide groove 2011. The distance between the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 is less than the distance between the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203, and the connecting rope is in a slack state. The tension wheel 209 is at the bottom of the adjusting groove 2012 under the action of the tension spring 2092.

[0048] Place the outer cylinder 310 on the lower support block 102, and then move the upper pressure block 103 downward so that the upper pressure block 103 and the lower support block 102 together limit the outer cylinder 310.

[0049] Next, the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 are fitted onto the main shaft 300. The first rope 400 successively passes over the upper side of the first wheel 202, the lower side of the main shaft 300, and the upper side of the third wheel 204, while the second rope 410 successively passes over the lower side of the second wheel 203, the upper side of the main shaft 300, and the lower side of the fourth wheel 205. The first rope 400 and the second rope 410 exert forces of the same magnitude but opposite directions on the main shaft 300. Furthermore, under the action of the multiple arc-shaped housings 501, the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 in contact with the main shaft 300 are constrained to the same circumference, thereby ensuring that the main shaft 300 is subjected to uniform force. Simultaneously, the arc-shaped housings 501 prevent the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 from tangling and reduce wear caused by their relative sliding.

[0050] Next, press the connecting plate 208, causing it to move along the axial direction of the main shaft 300 and toward the base 101. Through the transmission of the two connecting rods 207, the two slide plates 206 move away from each other, and respectively drive the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 to move.

[0051] Since the fourth wheel 205 is initially located at the bottom of the first slide groove 2011, when the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 move away from each other, they will push the connecting plate 208 upward through the connecting rod 207. During this process, the second slide groove 2081 on the connecting plate 208 first contacts the connecting shaft and establishes a sliding connection, and then pushes the connecting shaft to slide upward along the adjusting groove 2012. After the connecting shaft and the connecting plate 208 are connected, under the action of the two connecting rods 207, the center of the connecting shaft and the center of the line connecting the centers of the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 are always on the same horizontal line. Finally, the connecting plate 208 abuts against the base 101. At this time, the distance between the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 is the same as the distance between the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203, and the transmission mechanism is in the first state.

[0052] When the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the force provided by the connecting rope to the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 brings them closer together. This force is converted by the connecting rod 207 into a force that brings the connecting plate 208 closer to the base 101, thereby making the connecting plate 208 and the base 101 fit tightly together. This thrust ensures a tight fit between the connecting plate 208 and the base 101. At the same time, since the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 can no longer move closer or further apart, the tension of the connecting rope is stably maintained, thereby achieving reliable horizontal positioning of the connecting plate 208. Consequently, the second groove 2081 on the connecting plate 208 and the connecting shaft cannot actively disengage.

[0053] As the connecting plate 208 pushes the connecting shaft to slide upward along the adjusting groove 2012, the tension spring 2092 applies a downward force to the connecting shaft and away from the main shaft 300, while the connecting rope applies a force to the connecting shaft and closer to the main shaft 300.

[0054] When the axis of the main shaft 300 is on the same horizontal line as the center of the line connecting the axes of the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203, the fourth wheel 205 remains stationary while the third wheel 204 moves upward. This continues until the distance between the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 is the same as the distance between the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203. At this point, the center of the line connecting the axes of the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203, the center of the line connecting the axes of the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205, and the axis of the main shaft 300 are on the same horizontal line. The connecting rope is then taut, and the forces exerted on the main shaft 300 by the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 are equal, preventing uneven heating due to unilateral force on the main shaft 300 and ensuring accurate measurement results.

[0055] Furthermore, when the connecting rope is taut, the tension of the connecting rope balances the elastic force of the tension spring 2092, thereby locking the connecting shaft in a fixed position within the adjusting groove 2012. Since the connecting shaft is located within the second sliding groove 2081 opened on the connecting plate 208, the connecting shaft effectively limits the vertical movement of the connecting plate 208.

[0056] When the diameter of the outer cylinder 310 is different, the height of the axis of the main shaft 300 changes accordingly. Defined as follows: L1 is the sum of the rope lengths between the main shaft 300 and the first and second reels 202 and 203. L2 is the sum of the rope lengths between the main shaft 300 and the third and fourth reels 204 and 205. L3 is the sum of the rope lengths between the main shaft 300 and the tensioning wheel 209. When the axis of the main shaft 300 is at the same height as the center of the line connecting the first and second reels 202 and 203 (forming a rectangle with the first, second, third, and fourth reels 205), L1 = L2.

[0057] If the axis of the main shaft 300 rises, L1 remains essentially unchanged, L2 increases, leading to a decrease in L3. Changes in the tension of the connecting rope cause the connecting shaft to move upwards. Under the combined action of the tension spring 2092 and the tension of the connecting rope, the connecting shaft reaches a new equilibrium position within the adjusting groove 2012. The positions of the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 are adjusted via the connecting plate 208 and the sliding plate 206, ultimately ensuring that the center of the line connecting the axes of the first wheel 202 and the second wheel 203, the center of the line connecting the axes of the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205, and the axis of the main shaft 300 are re-collinear, ensuring that the forces exerted by the first rope 400 and the second rope 410 on the main shaft 300 are equal. The higher the axis of the main shaft 300, the greater the upward movement of the connecting shaft, thus achieving automatic adaptation to outer cylinders 310 of different diameters.

[0058] The motor 104 is started, and the motor 104 drives the belt 105 to rotate via the drive pulley 1041. The belt 105 drives the second pulley 203 to rotate via the driven pulley 106. When the second pulley 203 rotates, it drives the connecting rope to rotate, and the connecting rope drives the main shaft 300 to rotate. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature at both ends of the main shaft 300 and the outer cylinder 310 to determine the operating status of the main shaft 300.

[0059] When the spindle 300 needs to be disassembled, pull the connecting plate 208, causing it to move axially along the spindle 300 and away from the base 101. Through the transmission of the connecting rod 207, the two sliding plates 206 move closer together, driving the third wheel 204 and the fourth wheel 205 to move, loosening the connecting rope and allowing the spindle 300 to be easily removed. The entire process is simple to operate and has automatic adjustment capabilities, effectively improving work efficiency.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable speed spindle run-in test bench for detecting a spindle, the spindle being provided with an outer cylinder coaxial with the spindle, the test bench comprising a base, a transmission mechanism, an adjusting mechanism and a driving mechanism, the outer cylinder being horizontally rotatably arranged on the base, the transmission mechanism comprising a connecting rope and first and second transmission assemblies located on two sides of the spindle in a first direction, the first direction being a horizontal direction and perpendicular to the axial direction of the spindle, the first transmission assembly comprising first and second wheels arranged in sequence in an up-down direction, the second transmission assembly comprising third and fourth wheels arranged in sequence in the up-down direction, the first, second, third and fourth wheels each having an axis arranged along the axial direction of the spindle and being rotatably arranged on the base, the third and fourth wheels being vertically slidable, the first, second, third and fourth wheels forming a parallelogram in operation, the connecting rope comprising first and second ropes connected end to end, the first rope being wound around the upper side of the first wheel, the lower side of the spindle and the upper side of the third wheel in sequence, the second rope being wound around the lower side of the second wheel, the upper side of the spindle and the lower side of the fourth wheel in sequence, the driving mechanism driving the connecting rope to rotate and in turn driving the spindle to rotate, the first and second ropes providing the spindle with forces of the same magnitude and opposite directions, so that the spindle is balanced, and the adjusting mechanism moving the third and fourth wheels so that the center of the parallelogram is always located at the center of the spindle. 2.The variable speed spindle run-in test bench according to claim 1, wherein: the base is provided with an adjusting groove, the adjusting groove being located on the side of the third wheel away from the spindle in the first direction, the adjusting groove being obliquely arranged, the adjusting mechanism comprising a tension assembly, the tension assembly comprising a tension wheel, the tension wheel being slidably arranged in the adjusting groove and rotatable, the center of the axis of the tension wheel and the axis connecting line of the third and fourth wheels being located on the same horizontal line, the connecting rope being wound around the tension wheel so as to keep the connecting rope taut, the transmission mechanism having first and second states, in operation, the transmission mechanism being in the first state, the distance between the third and fourth wheels being equal to the distance between the first and second wheels, at this time, the connecting rope is kept taut under the action of the tension wheel, and when not in operation, the transmission mechanism being in the second state, the distance between the third and fourth wheels being smaller than the distance between the first and second wheels, at this time, the connecting rope is kept relaxed. 3.The variable speed spindle run-in test bench according to claim 2, wherein: the adjusting mechanism further comprises a connecting plate, two sliding plates and two connecting rods, the two sliding plates being arranged in sequence in an up-down direction, each sliding plate being slidably arranged on the base in the up-down direction, the third and fourth wheels being rotatably arranged on the two sliding plates respectively, the connecting plate being located between the third and fourth wheels, one end of each connecting rod being rotatably connected to the connecting plate, the other end of each connecting rod being rotatably connected to one sliding plate, the connecting plate moving in the up-down direction to drive the two sliding plates to move synchronously in the up-down direction, and the connecting plate moving along the axial direction of the spindle to drive the two sliding plates to move towards or away from each other. 4.The variable speed spindle run-in test bench according to claim 3, wherein: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ The tensioning wheel is provided with a connecting shaft coaxial with the tensioning wheel; the connecting shaft and the connecting plate are in sliding connection, the connecting plate can slide along the first direction relative to the connecting shaft, and can also slide along the axial direction of the connecting shaft relative to the connecting shaft, and the connecting plate can drive the connecting shaft to slide synchronously along the vertical direction; the tensioning assembly further comprises a tensioning spring, and the tensioning spring is arranged in an inclined mode; the tensioning spring is connected to the pedestal and the connecting shaft, and provides a downward force and a force away from the main shaft direction for the connecting shaft.

5. The variable speed spindle run-out test bench according to claim 3, wherein: when the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the connecting plate moves to abut against the pedestal, the distance between the end of the connecting rod connected with the sliding plate and the pedestal is greater than the distance between the end of the connecting rod connected with the connecting plate and the pedestal; the connecting rope provides a force to the third wheel and the fourth wheel to make the third wheel and the fourth wheel approach each other, and the force is converted by the connecting rod into a force to make the connecting plate approach the pedestal; when the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the connecting plate is out of contact with the pedestal, the distance between the end of the connecting rod connected with the sliding plate and the pedestal is less than the distance between the end of the connecting rod connected with the connecting plate and the pedestal; the connecting plate moves along the axial direction of the main shaft and away from the pedestal, so that the transmission mechanism is converted from the second state to the first state.

6. The variable speed spindle run-out test bench according to claim 1, wherein: further comprising two giving-up mechanisms, the two giving-up mechanisms are respectively located on the two sides of the main shaft along the first direction; each giving-up mechanism comprises a hinged shaft and two arc-shaped housings, the concave surfaces of the two arc-shaped housings are opposite, and the two ends of the hinged shaft are respectively connected with the middle ball hinges of the two arc-shaped housings; one arc-shaped housing in each giving-up mechanism is connected with the first rope, and the other arc-shaped housing is connected with the second rope, for preventing the first rope and the second rope from being entangled with each other.

7. The variable speed spindle run-out test bench according to claim 6, wherein: an arc slot is formed on the outer side wall of each arc-shaped housing, the arc slot is coaxial with the arc-shaped housing, and the first rope and the second rope are slidingly arranged in the arc slot; a plurality of rotating rods are rotatably arranged in the arc slot, for slidingly contacting the first rope and the second rope.

8. The variable speed spindle run-out test bench according to claim 7, wherein: limiting rods are rotatably arranged at the two ends of each arc slot in the circumferential direction, and the limiting rods are arranged along the axial direction of the arc slot; the first rope and the second rope pass through the gap between the limiting rods and the arc slot, and the limiting rods are used for limiting the first rope and the second rope from being taken out of the arc slot.

9. The variable speed spindle run-out test bench according to claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a motor, a belt, a driving wheel and a driven wheel; the motor is fixedly arranged on the pedestal, the driving wheel is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the motor, the driven wheel is fixedly connected with the second wheel, and the belt connects the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

10. The variable speed spindle run-out test bench according to claim 1, wherein: a temperature sensor is arranged on the pedestal, the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the two ends of the main shaft and the outer cylinder, so as to judge the running state of the main shaft.

Images