Production device of cattle and sheep fully-mixed blocky feed

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, in particular to a cattle and sheep fully-mixed blocky feed making device which comprises a feed machine, a feeding port, a weighing bin, a pressing bin, a drying bin and a discharging port which are sequentially communicated in the material flow direction are arranged in the feed machine, a pressing assembly is arranged in the pressing bin, and a driving assembly is fixedly connected to the top of the pressing assembly; the driving assembly comprises a servo motor, an output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected with a transmission rod, the transmission rod is sleeved with a rotating frame and a transmission wheel, one side of the rotating frame is provided with a fixing frame, the fixing frame is rotationally connected with a rotating column, the rotating column is provided with an X-shaped sliding groove, and the interior of the rotating column is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft. The top of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a baffle assembly, and the bottom of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a pressing plate assembly. The baffle assembly on the top and the pressing plate assembly at the bottom are synchronously driven through the rotating shaft, cooperative linkage of the weighing process and the pressing process is achieved, and the feed manufacturing efficiency and accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of feed processing technology, specifically to an apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep. Background Technology

[0002] Total mixed feed for cattle and sheep is a type of feed that combines various feed ingredients, such as concentrates and roughage, in a specific ratio and then processes them into blocks. This feed provides cattle and sheep with comprehensive nutrition, meeting their nutritional needs during growth and development, and its block shape facilitates feeding and digestion.

[0003] Existing equipment for producing this type of total mixed block feed, such as the SZLH420 pellet mill manufactured by Shandong Shuanghe Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., while employing clamping mechanisms and equipped with worm gear lifting devices to improve efficiency and reduce labor intensity, suffers from several drawbacks. Weighing relies on a separate electronic scale for manual material transfer, and pressing is performed through a separate roller system. The lack of coordination between these two processes leads to lag in material conveying and pressing, poor processing continuity, low production efficiency, and an inability to adequately meet the feed requirements of cattle and sheep. Furthermore, it may increase labor input and costs during production. Existing pellet mills excessively crush coarse fibers during processing, resulting in pellets that do not retain long fibers. This can lead to problems such as weakened rumen motility, laminitis, and digestive disorders in cattle and sheep that consume this type of feed alone for extended periods due to a lack of long fibers. Therefore, a device is proposed to produce total mixed block feed that effectively retains long fibers in forage and is more suitable for the long-term use of cattle and sheep as a single source of feed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a device for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep. By synchronously driving the top baffle assembly and the bottom pressure plate assembly through a rotating shaft, the material in the weighing chamber is transported to the pressing chamber and the feed is pressed simultaneously, achieving coordinated linkage between the weighing and pressing processes and improving the efficiency and accuracy of feed production.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A device for producing mixed block feed for cattle and sheep includes a feed mill, a conveyor belt at the bottom of the feed mill, a feed mill signal-connected to a formulation system, and a feed inlet, a weighing bin, a pressing bin, a drying bin, and a discharge outlet connected sequentially along the material flow direction inside the feed mill, with the weighing bin located at the top of the pressing bin; wherein, the pressing bin is provided with a pressing component for pressing the mixed feed into feed blocks, and a driving component for driving the pressing plate downward is fixedly connected to the top of the pressing component, the driving component being located inside the pressing bin;

[0006] The drive assembly includes a drive box fixedly connected to the top wall of the pressing chamber. A servo motor is installed inside the drive box. A transmission rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor. A rotating frame and a transmission wheel are coaxially sleeved on the transmission rod. A transmission belt is sleeved on the transmission wheel. A driven wheel is sleeved on the end of the transmission belt away from the transmission wheel. A driven shaft is coaxially sleeved on the driven wheel.

[0007] A fixed frame is provided on one side of the rotating frame, and a rotating column is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The rotating column has an "X"-shaped sliding groove that slides with the rotating frame. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected inside the rotating column. A baffle assembly for conveying the material in the weighing chamber to the pressing chamber is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft. A pressing plate assembly for receiving the weighed feed and pressing the feed into feed pellets is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft. The pressing plate assembly slides with the driven shaft.

[0008] The technical principles of the above solution are as follows:

[0009] The feed mill uses a conveyor belt at the bottom to transport materials and coordinates the operation of each stage with the formulation system. The material flows sequentially through the inlet, weighing bin, pressing bin, drying bin, and outlet. The weighing bin is located at the top of the pressing bin, providing a positional basis for the material to enter. The pressing assembly inside the pressing bin is responsible for pressing the mixed feed into feed blocks, and its operation is driven by a drive assembly at the top. In the drive assembly, the drive box is fixed to the top wall of the pressing bin. After the internal servo motor starts, its output shaft drives the coaxial transmission rod to rotate. When the transmission rod rotates, it synchronously drives the rotating frame and transmission wheel on it. The transmission wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate via a transmission belt, which in turn causes the driven shaft to rotate. The rotating frame cooperates with the rotating column on the fixed frame. The "X"-shaped sliding groove on the rotating column slides against the rotating frame, causing the rotating column to rotate. The rotation of the rotating column drives the internal rotating shaft. The baffle assembly at the top of the rotating shaft moves accordingly, realizing the conveying of materials in the weighing chamber to the pressing chamber; at the same time, the pressing plate assembly at the bottom of the rotating shaft moves under the sliding cooperation of the driven shaft, receiving the weighed feed and pressing it into feed blanks.

[0010] The above approach has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. In this solution, through the coordinated work of the drive components, the power of the servo motor is effectively transmitted through structures such as transmission rods, transmission wheels, and transmission belts, providing stable power for the movement of the pressing components and ensuring the continuous operation of the pressing process.

[0012] 2. In this solution, the rotating column can rotate stably by sliding the rotating frame and the "X"-shaped sliding groove on the rotating column. This drives the rotating shaft to synchronously drive the baffle assembly and the pressure plate assembly, thereby achieving coordinated material conveying and pressing actions and improving the continuity of the device operation.

[0013] 3. This solution, through the sliding fit between the pressure plate assembly and the driven shaft, combined with the drive of the rotating shaft, makes the movement of the pressure plate assembly precise and controllable, which helps to ensure the pressing effect of the feed blank and ensure the forming quality of the feed block.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure plate assembly includes a lower pressure plate, a first sliding groove is opened in the fixed frame, a slider that slides in the first sliding groove is fixedly connected to the top of the lower pressure plate, a telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the slider, the other end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top wall of the first sliding groove, a spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, the two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the top of the slider and the top wall of the first sliding groove respectively, an arc-shaped second sliding groove is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider, and a rotating pin is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven shaft, the rotating pin slides in the second sliding groove.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The sliding engagement between the slider and the first groove inside the fixed frame provides a stable guide for the up and down movement of the lower pressure plate, ensuring that the lower pressure plate will not deviate during the pressing process, thus guaranteeing the accuracy and consistency of the feed blank pressing.

[0016] Furthermore, the baffle assembly includes a semi-circular baffle plate fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft, and a semi-circular connecting port is provided between the weighing chamber and the pressing chamber. The baffle plate is located below the connecting port and is intermittently connected to the inner top wall of the weighing chamber.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The semi-circular baffle is matched with the semi-circular connecting port and rotates through the rotating shaft. This allows for precise control of the opening and closing of the connecting port between the weighing chamber and the pressing chamber, thereby accurately regulating the timing and amount of material entering the pressing chamber from the weighing chamber, ensuring that the amount of material entering the pressing chamber in each batch meets the pressing requirements.

[0018] The baffle is intermittently connected to the top wall of the weighing chamber. When the baffle closes the connection, it ensures that the material in the weighing chamber can accurately complete the pre-processing work such as weighing, avoiding the material falling prematurely and affecting the accuracy of the subsequent pressing process, thus improving the orderliness and reliability of the entire feed production process.

[0019] The baffle is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft and can move synchronously with the rotating shaft. This allows the movement of the baffle to be linked with the pressing action of the pressure plate assembly, further enhancing the coordination of the work of each component of the device and improving the efficiency of feed production.

[0020] Furthermore, a cutting assembly is provided on the side of the pressing chamber near the drying chamber. The cutting assembly includes a blade holder and several electric push rods. The top ends of the electric push rods are fixedly connected to the top wall of the pressing chamber, and the bottom ends of the electric push rods are fixedly connected to the top of the blade holder. An array of blades is fixedly connected to the bottom of the blade holder.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The top of the electric push rod is fixed to the top wall inside the pressing chamber, and the bottom is connected to the blade holder. It can stably drive the blade holder to move up and down, ensuring that the blade array can accurately contact and cut into the feed blank, providing reliable power support and displacement control for the cutting action.

[0022] Furthermore, a third sliding groove is opened on one side of the tool holder, and an electric telescopic rod is provided on the side of the tool holder opposite to the third sliding groove. The electric telescopic rod is divided into several segments, and a fixing ring is sleeved on each segment. A synchronizing rod is fixedly connected to each fixing ring. The end of the synchronizing rod away from the fixing ring is slidably engaged with the third sliding groove. Several cross-shaped blades are fixedly connected to each synchronizing rod. The X-axis length of the cross-shaped blades is 2~5cm, and the Y-axis length of the blades is 1~2cm.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The electric telescopic rod is divided into several sections. By controlling the extension and retraction of each section, the fixed ring and the synchronous rod can move synchronously, realizing the flexible movement of the cross-shaped blade. This makes it easy to adjust the cutting spacing according to needs and adapt to the production requirements of feed blocks of different sizes.

[0024] Furthermore, the side wall of the pressing chamber is equipped with several infrared sensors that are connected to the dispensing system signals.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The infrared sensor is connected to the formulation system, which can monitor the thickness of the feed blank in the pressing chamber in real time and feed the monitoring data back to the formulation system in a timely manner. This provides an accurate basis for the formulation system to issue control commands in the future, and enables precise monitoring of the feed blank pressing process.

[0026] Furthermore, the feed inlet is equipped with a feeding assembly for feeding in the mixed feed that has been stirred. The feeding assembly includes an electric baffle that is installed on the feed inlet and is connected to the formulation system via a signal.

[0027] Beneficial effects: The electric baffle on the feed inlet is connected to the mixing system, which enables the mixing system to precisely control the opening and closing state of the electric baffle according to the material quantity and other requirements of the weighing bin, thereby regulating the feed amount and feeding timing, and avoiding overloading of the weighing bin due to excessive feeding or underfeeding which would affect the continuity of production.

[0028] Furthermore, the weighing chamber is equipped with a weighing component for automatically stopping feeding and quantitatively spreading the feed according to the preset weight of the preset configuration system. The weighing component includes pressure sensors that are fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the weighing chamber and the baffle plate, respectively. The pressure sensors are all connected to the preparation system signal.

[0029] Beneficial effects: The pressure sensors in the weighing assembly are fixed to the bottom wall of the weighing chamber and inside the baffle, respectively, which can monitor the weight of the feed from different positions. Dual monitoring improves the accuracy of weighing and ensures that the obtained feed weight data is more accurate and reliable.

[0030] Furthermore, the drying chamber is equipped with a drying component for drying the cut feed blocks and conveying them to the discharge port. The drying component includes a hot air generator, an air duct, and air nozzles. The air nozzles are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the drying chamber. The block feed is dried evenly through hot air circulation. The hot air generator is connected to the preparation system and can be adapted to the drying requirements of feeds with different moisture contents according to the requirements of the preparation system. The drying chamber is also equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor connected to the preparation system.

[0031] Beneficial effects: The hot air generator in the drying unit produces hot air, which is delivered through air ducts to nozzles evenly distributed on the inner wall of the drying chamber. The hot air blown from the nozzles forms a circulation, enabling comprehensive and uniform drying of the cut feed pieces, avoiding over- or under-drying in certain areas, ensuring consistent moisture content in each piece of feed, and improving feed quality. The hot air generator is connected to the preparation system, which can control the hot air generator to adjust hot air parameters (such as temperature and airflow) according to the moisture content requirements of different feeds, making the drying process adaptable to diverse feed drying needs and enhancing the applicability of the device.

[0032] Furthermore, the preparation system includes a feeding control module, a weighing control module, a pressing control module, a cutting control module, and a drying control module, wherein:

[0033] The feeding control module is used to collect the status data of the electric baffle at the feeding port and the initial data of the pressure sensor in the weighing bin. It uses logical judgment to compare the changes in the pressure sensor data according to the preset weight threshold, obtains the feeding start and stop command, and transmits the feeding start and stop command to the electric baffle.

[0034] The weighing control module is used to collect real-time data from the pressure sensors inside the bottom wall and baffle of the weighing bin, and to obtain the real-time weight of the material by using a weight calculation algorithm. The real-time weight is then transmitted to the pressing control module.

[0035] The pressing control module is used to collect the speed and direction parameters of the servo motor, as well as receive the real-time weight, and use motion control algorithms to transmit the drive signal to the servo motor to control the servo motor speed.

[0036] The cutting control module is used to collect the thickness of the feed blank in the pressing chamber obtained by the infrared sensor. It uses a size matching algorithm to transmit the cutting command to the electric push rod and the electric telescopic rod according to the preset feed block size requirements.

[0037] The drying control module is used to collect temperature and humidity data transmitted by temperature and humidity sensors in the drying chamber. It adopts a temperature-humidity control algorithm, combined with a preset moisture standard after drying, to obtain adjustment instructions for the hot air generator and transmit the instructions to the hot air generator of the drying component.

[0038] Beneficial effects: By collecting relevant data and making logical judgments, the feeding control module can accurately control the start and stop of the electric baffle, realize the automated regulation of the feeding process, ensure that the amount of material in the weighing bin meets the preset requirements, and avoid excessive or insufficient feeding affecting subsequent processes.

[0039] The weighing control module collects real-time data from the pressure sensor, uses a weight calculation algorithm to calculate the real-time weight of the material, and transmits it to the pressing control module. This provides accurate weight data for the pressing process and ensures that the pressed feed blanks are of uniform size.

[0040] The pressing control module controls the speed of the servo motor through a motion control algorithm based on the operating parameters of the servo motor and the real-time weight of the material, so that the action of the pressing component is adapted to the amount of material, thereby improving the pressing quality of the feed blank.

[0041] The cutting control module uses infrared sensors to acquire feed blank thickness data and combines it with a size matching algorithm to send cutting commands to the electric push rod and electric telescopic rod, ensuring that the size of the cut feed blocks meets the preset requirements and satisfies different usage needs.

[0042] The drying control module uses temperature and humidity control algorithms to adjust the hot air generator based on data from temperature and humidity sensors, making the drying process suitable for feeds with different moisture contents. This ensures that the feed blocks are dried evenly and reach the preset moisture standard, thereby improving the storability and quality of the feed.

[0043] Each control module has a clear division of labor and works in concert, realizing automated and precise control of the entire feed production process from feeding, weighing, pressing, cutting to drying, reducing manual intervention and improving production efficiency and product quality stability.

[0044] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is an isometric schematic diagram of an embodiment of the apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is an embodiment of the apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep according to the present invention. Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of part A in the middle;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the system framework of an embodiment of the apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep according to the present invention.

[0049] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. Feed machine; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Electric baffle; 4. Weighing bin; 5. Connecting port; 6. Baffle plate; 7. Servo motor; 8. Transmission wheel; 9. Rotating frame; 10. Rotating column; 11. Sliding groove; 12. Sliding block; 13. Rotating pin; 14. Second sliding groove; 15. Lower pressure plate; 16. Conveyor belt; 17. Electric push rod; 18. Knife holder; 19. Blade; 20. Drying bin; 21. Discharge port; 22. Pressing bin. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0053] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0054] Example:

[0055] In cattle and sheep farming, the processing quality of total mixed feed directly affects the rumination function and growth performance of cattle and sheep. In current technologies, the production of total mixed pelleted feed often results in insufficient length and quantity of crude fiber due to excessive grinding, leading to reduced rumination frequency, incomplete digestion, and consequently malnutrition, stunted growth, and even loss of rumination function. Furthermore, traditional production requires the addition of forage, increasing feed preparation costs and necessitating significant manpower for sorting and mixing, resulting in low production efficiency.

[0056] Based on the above problems, the inventors proposed a device for making mixed block feed for cattle and sheep. By precisely controlling the retention length of coarse fiber, quantitative pressing and intelligent drying in the feed processing, the weighing and pressing processes are coordinated and linked to improve the efficiency and accuracy of feed production.

[0057] Specifically, as shown in the attached document Figure 1 As shown: A device for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep includes a feed mill 1, a conveyor belt 16 at the bottom of the feed mill 1, and a mixing system (as shown in the attached diagram) connected to the feed mill 1 via a signal connection. Figure 3 As shown in the attached diagram), the feed mill 1 is equipped with a feed inlet 2, a weighing chamber 4, a pressing chamber 22, a drying chamber 20, and a discharge outlet 21 connected sequentially along the material flow direction. The weighing chamber 4 is located at the top of the pressing chamber 22 (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 2 As shown); a feeding component for feeding the mixed feed is provided at the feed inlet 2. The mixed feed is fed into the feed inlet 2. An electric baffle 3 connected to the preparation system is provided at the feed inlet 2. The preparation system sends a command to control the electric baffle 3 to move to open the feed inlet 2, and the feed begins to flow into the weighing bin 4. The preparation system includes a feeding control module. The feeding control module is used to collect the status data of the electric baffle 3 at the feed inlet 2 and the initial data of the pressure sensor in the weighing bin 4. It uses logical judgment to compare the changes in the pressure sensor data according to the preset weight threshold, obtains the feeding start and stop command, and transmits the feeding start and stop command to the electric baffle 3.

[0058] The weighing chamber 4 is equipped with a weighing component for automatically stopping feeding and quantitatively spreading the feed according to the preset weight of the pre-formulated system. The weighing component includes a pressure sensor fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the weighing chamber 4. The pressure sensor is connected to the signal of the formulation system. The formulation system also includes a weighing control module. The weighing control module is used to collect real-time data from the pressure sensor on the bottom wall of the weighing chamber 4 and use a weight calculation algorithm to obtain the real-time weight of the material.

[0059] The pressing chamber 22 is equipped with a pressing component for pressing mixed feed into feed blocks. A driving component is fixedly connected to the top of the pressing component, and the driving component is located inside the pressing chamber 22.

[0060] like Figure 3As shown, the drive assembly includes a drive box fixedly connected to the top wall of the pressing chamber 22. A servo motor 7 is provided inside the drive box. A transmission rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 7. A rotating frame 9 and a transmission wheel 8 are coaxially sleeved on the transmission rod. A transmission belt is sleeved on the transmission wheel 8. A driven wheel is sleeved on the end of the transmission belt away from the transmission wheel 8. A driven shaft is coaxially sleeved on the driven wheel.

[0061] A fixed frame is provided on one side of the rotating frame 9, and a rotating column 10 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The rotating column 10 has an "X"-shaped sliding groove 11 that slides with the rotating frame 9. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected inside the rotating column 10. A baffle assembly for conveying the material in the weighing bin 4 to the pressing bin 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft. The baffle assembly includes a semi-circular shield 6 fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft. A semi-circular connecting port 5 is provided between the weighing bin 4 and the pressing bin 22. The shield 6 is located below the connecting port 5 and is intermittently connected to the top wall of the weighing bin 4. A pressure sensor is also installed inside the shield 6. The weighing control module is also used to receive real-time pressure data from the pressure sensor inside the shield 6. When the weighing control module determines that the real-time weight of the material in the bin has reached a preset threshold by using the weight calculation algorithm: real-time weight = (bottom sensor value - initial value) + shield 6 sensor value * compensation coefficient K, it immediately sends a "stop feeding" command to the feeding control module, and the electric baffle 3 closes. This process ensures that the weight of raw materials for each batch of pressed feed is precisely controllable. Compared with traditional volumetric or coarse weighing methods, the use of dual pressure sensors to assist in weighing significantly improves the accuracy and consistency of the batching.

[0062] The pressing control module is used to collect the speed and direction parameters of the servo motor 7, as well as receive the real-time weight. It then uses a motion control algorithm to transmit the drive signal to the servo motor 7 to control its speed. After receiving the weighing completion signal and real-time weight data, the pressing control module starts the servo motor 7. The output shaft of the servo motor 7 drives a coaxially fixed transmission rod to rotate.

[0063] A pressing plate assembly for receiving weighed feed and pressing it into feed pellets is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft. The pressing plate assembly includes a lower pressing plate 15, a first sliding groove is opened in the fixed frame, a slider 12 that slides and engages with the first sliding groove is fixedly connected to the top of the lower pressing plate 15, a telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the slider 12, the other end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top wall of the first sliding groove, a spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, and the two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the top of the slider 12 and the top wall of the first sliding groove, respectively. An arc-shaped second sliding groove 14 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider 12, and a rotating pin 13 is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven shaft, and the rotating pin 13 slides and engages with the second sliding groove 14.

[0064] When the baffle 6 opens to allow material to be fed, the transmission rod drives the rotating frame 9 on it to rotate. The end of the rotating frame 9 is embedded in the "X"-shaped sliding groove 11 on the rotating column 10. As the rotating frame 9 rotates, its interaction with the sliding groove 11 forces the rotating column 10 to rotate at a specific angle. The rotating column 10 drives the internal rotating shaft and the semi-circular baffle 6 fixed to its top to rotate together. When the baffle 6 rotates to the point where it no longer covers the semi-circular connecting opening 5 between the weighing chamber 4 and the pressing chamber 22, the precisely weighed feed falls into the pressing chamber 22 below by gravity. At the same time, the transmission wheel 8 on the transmission rod drives the driven wheel to rotate through the transmission belt. The driven wheel drives the coaxial driven shaft to rotate. The rotating pin 13 fixed on the driven shaft then slides in the arc-shaped second sliding groove 14 on the side wall of the slider 12 of the pressing plate assembly. The geometric constraint of the arc-shaped sliding groove converts the circular motion of the rotating pin 13 into the linear up-and-down motion of the slider 12 in the first sliding groove of the fixed frame. The slider 12 drives the lower pressure plate 15, which is fixedly connected to it, to move downward. The lower pressure plate 15 includes a lower pressure frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the slider 12. Pressure rollers are symmetrically arranged on the lower pressure frame. The hollow lower pressure frame allows the feed to fall directly into the conveyor belt 16 on the bottom wall of the pressing chamber 22 through the hollow part during feeding. The pressure rollers apply vertical pressure to the loose feed falling into the pressing chamber 22.

[0065] The pressing control module determines the pressing thickness based on the received feed weight W in real time and the target pressing thickness. (For example, if the target pressing thickness is preset to 1.2cm), the target pressing force can be calculated by combining the pressure plate area A:

[0066]

[0067] Where g is the acceleration due to gravity, and n is the empirical suppression efficiency coefficient. The thickness of the feed layer is estimated for natural accumulation. The pressing control module uses a motion control algorithm to adjust the speed of the servo motor. And the steering (controlling the pressing speed and return speed of the pressure plate), dynamically adjusting the applied pressure and holding time, to ensure that the feed is uniformly pressed into the predetermined thickness. ( The feed embryo (adjustable within the range of 0.5cm to 2cm) has a suitable density. Several infrared sensors connected to the formulation system are installed on the side wall of the pressing chamber to monitor the feed embryo thickness in real time. The data is then fed back to the formulation system. The symmetrical pressure roller design ensures that the feed embryo is subjected to uniform force throughout, effectively avoiding the problems of loose edges and overly dense centers that may be caused by traditional flat pressing. This is crucial for preserving the long fiber structure that runs through the feed block and is the core physical guarantee for solving insufficient rumination.

[0068] A cutting assembly is provided on the side of the pressing chamber 22 near the drying chamber 20. The cutting assembly includes a blade holder 18 and several electric push rods 17. The top ends of the electric push rods 17 are fixedly connected to the top wall of the pressing chamber 22, and the bottom ends of the electric push rods 17 are fixedly connected to the top of the blade holder 18. An array of blades 19 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the blade holder 18. A third sliding groove is opened on one side of the blade holder 18. An electric telescopic rod is provided on the side of the blade holder 18 opposite to the third sliding groove. The electric telescopic rod is divided into several segments, and a fixing ring is sleeved on each segment. A synchronizing rod is fixedly connected to each fixing ring. The end of the synchronizing rod away from the fixing ring is slidably engaged with the third sliding groove. Several cross-shaped blades 19 are fixedly connected to each synchronizing rod. The X-axis length of the cross-shaped blades 19 is 2~5cm, and the Y-axis length is 1~2cm. The preparation system also includes a cutting control module. This module collects the feed cake thickness inside the pressing chamber 22 from an infrared sensor. Using a size matching algorithm, it transmits cutting commands to the electric push rods 17 and the electric telescopic rod based on preset feed block size requirements. The cutting control module receives the actual thickness data of the feed cake measured by the infrared sensor. Based on the preset target feed block size and actual thickness, it uses a size matching algorithm to determine the optimal cutting scheme: by controlling the synchronous movement of several electric push rods 17, the entire blade holder 18 is lowered to a predetermined height, allowing the bottom-fixed blade array 19 to cut into the feed cake to a certain depth (usually slightly greater to ensure complete cut, the preset cutting thickness). The electric telescopic rod inside the blade holder 18 is then activated for transverse cutting. The electric telescopic rod extends and retracts in segments, with the fixing ring on each segment driving the connected cross-shaped blade 19 to move precisely along the third groove inside the blade holder 18 via a synchronizing rod. By precisely controlling the extension and retraction of each section of the electric telescopic rod, the spacing of the cutting grid can be flexibly adjusted to produce block feed that meets the required length and width. This modular and programmable cutting method allows the device to quickly adapt to the different needs of different cattle and sheep breeds and growth stages for feed block size, a flexibility that a fixed cutter head cannot achieve.

[0069] The chopped feed chunks are conveyed to the drying chamber 20 via conveyor belt 16. The drying chamber 20 is equipped with a drying component for drying the chopped feed chunks and conveying them to the discharge port 21. The drying component includes a hot air generator, air ducts, and air nozzles. The air nozzles are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the drying chamber 20. The hot air circulation achieves uniform drying of the feed chunks. The hot air generator is connected to the preparation system and is adapted to the drying requirements of feeds with different moisture contents according to the requirements of the preparation system. The drying chamber 20 is also equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor connected to the preparation system. The preparation system also includes a drying control module. The drying control module is used to collect the temperature and humidity data transmitted by the temperature and humidity sensor in the drying chamber 20, use a temperature-humidity control algorithm, and combine it with a preset moisture standard after drying to obtain the adjustment command of the hot air generator and transmit the command to the hot air generator of the drying component. The drying control module continuously collects real-time temperature and humidity data from the temperature and humidity sensors inside the drying chamber 20. Based on the preset target moisture content standard after drying, it uses a temperature-humidity control algorithm to calculate the necessary adjustment commands for the hot air generator: increase or decrease the temperature, or increase or decrease the airflow. By sending these commands to the hot air generator, hot air is evenly blown out from nozzles distributed along the inner wall of the drying chamber 20 through air ducts, circulating and drying the block feed. The temperature and humidity sensors continuously monitor environmental changes, forming a closed-loop control system. The uniform hot air distribution and closed-loop control ensure that the moisture content of each piece of feed is evenly and accurately reduced to the target value, preventing nutrient loss due to over-drying and avoiding the risk of mold growth caused by excessive moisture, significantly improving the storage safety and palatability of the feed. After reaching the target moisture content, the block feed is discharged through the discharge port 21 and transported to the packaging or feeding stage.

[0070] I. Experimental Objective

[0071] To verify the advantages of the "cattle and sheep mixed block feed production device" described in this invention compared with existing devices, the Shandong Shuanghe SZLH420 pellet mill, which is available on the market, was selected to demonstrate its advantages in production efficiency, accuracy, feed quality, and overall cost. The device focuses on showcasing the practical effects of designs such as "weighing-pressing coordinated linkage" and "automatic control".

[0072] II. Experimental Materials and Equipment

[0073] Experimental materials: Total mixed feed ingredients (30% concentrate + 70% roughage, initial crude fiber length 3-8cm, initial moisture 18%), total amount 300kg.

[0074] Experimental equipment:

[0075] Test group: The manufacturing apparatus of the present invention (including complete components such as a preparation system, weighing chamber, pressing chamber, and drying chamber);

[0076] Control group: Shandong Shuanghe SZLH420 pellet mill (manual assisted weighing, independent pressing system).

[0077] Testing instruments: electronic balance (accuracy 0.1g), vernier caliper (accuracy 0.01mm), coarse fiber length measuring instrument, moisture analyzer (oven method), energy consumption monitor.

[0078] III. Experimental Design

[0079] Group settings:

[0080] Test group: The device of this invention was used and operated in a fully automatic process of "feeding → weighing → pressing → cutting → drying";

[0081] Control group: Using an SZLH420 granulator, the weights were manually weighed using an electronic scale (the preset batch weight was the same as that of the experimental group), and then manually transferred to the pressing system. Subsequent processes were carried out according to the equipment standard.

[0082] Control conditions:

[0083] Both groups were treated with the same feed ingredients (same batch, same formula);

[0084] Ambient temperature 25±2℃, relative humidity 60±5%;

[0085] Target feed parameters: single piece weight 50±5g, size 3cm×3cm×1.2cm (length×width×thickness), moisture content after drying 12±1%.

[0086] Number of repetitions: Each group was independently repeated 3 times, with 50kg of raw material processed each time, and the average value was taken as the result.

[0087] IV. Experimental Procedure

[0088] 1. Preprocessing stage

[0089] 300 kg of feed ingredients were divided into 6 portions (50 kg each), labeled as experimental group 1-3 and control group 1-3 respectively. All portions were mixed evenly in advance to ensure that the initial state was consistent.

[0090] 2. Experimental group operation (device of this invention)

[0091] (1) Equipment debugging: The system presets parameters (single batch weight 5kg, pressing thickness 1.2cm, cutting size 3cm×3cm, moisture content after drying 12%).

[0092] (2) Feeding: 50kg of raw material is put into the feed inlet, and the electric baffle is automatically controlled to start and stop by the feed control module;

[0093] (3) Operation: Start the device and run it automatically according to the process of “weighing bin quantitative weighing → pressing bin coordinated pressing (rotating shaft synchronously drives baffle and pressure plate) → cutting bin cross-shaped blade cutting → drying bin hot air circulation drying”, and record the running time;

[0094] (4) Collection: Collect finished products from the discharge port and randomly select 30 pieces as test samples.

[0095] 3. Control group operation (SZLH420 granulator)

[0096] (1) Weighing: Weigh 50kg of raw material in 10 batches (5kg per batch) manually using an electronic scale and manually transfer it to the feed inlet of the pellet mill;

[0097] (2) Pressing: Start the pellet mill and run the independent pressing system (without coordinated linkage). After pressing, manually transfer the pellets to the drying equipment (traditional hot air oven).

[0098] (3) Cutting: After drying, cut to the target size using a manual cutter;

[0099] (4) Collection: Randomly select 30 pieces as test samples and record the total running time (including manual weighing and transportation time).

[0100] 4. Data Collection

[0101] (1) Production efficiency: Record the total time (including preparation, operation and finishing) for each group to process 50kg of raw materials, and calculate the output per unit time (kg / h).

[0102] (2) Accuracy:

[0103] Weight error: Randomly select 30 samples, measure the weight of each sample, and calculate the average error rate between the sample and the target value (50g);

[0104] Size error: Measure the length, width, and thickness of the sample, and calculate the average error rate between the sample and the target size;

[0105] (3) Feed quality:

[0106] Coarse fiber retention length: Randomly select 10 samples, separate the coarse fibers, and measure the average length using a measuring instrument;

[0107] Moisture uniformity: Measure the moisture content of 30 samples and calculate the standard deviation (SD);

[0108] (4) Overall cost: Record the energy consumption (kWh) and labor input (person-h) for both groups.

[0109] V. Experimental Results

[0110]

[0111] VI. Discussion of Results

[0112] Experimental data show that the device of the present invention (experimental group) is significantly superior to the control group in all indicators (p<0.05), and the specific advantages are as follows:

[0113] Improved production efficiency: The output per unit time of the experimental group (28.6 kg / h) increased by 87% compared with the control group (15.3 kg / h). The core reason is that the "rotating shaft synchronous drive baffle assembly and pressure plate assembly" realizes the coordinated linkage of weighing and pressing, eliminates the lag of manual transfer, and the automated process reduces the connection time between links.

[0114] Higher accuracy: The single-piece weight error rate (1.2%) and size error rate (0.8%) are much lower than those of the control group (4.8% and 3.5%). This is due to the dual-point weighing of the pressure sensor, the real-time monitoring of the infrared sensor, and the closed-loop control of the preparation system, which solves the problems of large manual weighing error and asynchronous pressing and cutting in traditional devices.

[0115] Superior feed quality: The length of crude fiber retained (5.2cm) is 2.5 times that of the control group (2.1cm). This is because the cutting component of this device adopts a "cross-shaped blade + adjustable spacing" design, which avoids the problem of over-crushing in traditional pellet mills and is more in line with the rumination needs of cattle and sheep. At the same time, the "hot air circulation + closed-loop temperature and humidity control" of the drying chamber makes the moisture uniformity (SD=0.3) significantly better than that of the control group (SD=1.2), reducing the risk of mold.

[0116] Overall cost reduction: The energy consumption of the experimental group (8.2 kWh) was 34% lower than that of the control group (12.5 kWh), and the labor input (0.2 person-hours) was only 13% of that of the control group (1.5 person-hours), demonstrating the practical value of automation design in energy saving and manpower reduction.

[0117] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep, comprising a feed mill (1), wherein the feed mill (1) is provided with a conveyor belt (16) at its bottom, characterized in that, The feed machine (1) is connected to a preparation system. The feed machine (1) is provided with a feed inlet (2), a weighing bin (4), a pressing bin (22), a drying bin (20) and a discharge outlet (21) connected in sequence along the material flow direction. The weighing bin (4) is located at the top of the pressing bin (22). The pressing bin (22) is provided with a pressing component for pressing the mixed feed into feed blocks. The top of the pressing component is fixedly connected with a driving component for driving the pressing plate to press down. The driving component is located inside the pressing bin (22). The drive assembly includes a drive box fixedly connected to the top wall of the pressing chamber (22). A servo motor (7) is provided inside the drive box. A transmission rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (7). A rotating frame (9) and a transmission wheel (8) are coaxially sleeved on the transmission rod. A transmission belt is sleeved on the transmission wheel (8). A driven wheel is sleeved at the end of the transmission belt away from the transmission wheel (8). A driven shaft is coaxially sleeved on the driven wheel. A fixed frame is provided on one side of the rotating frame (9), and a rotating column (10) is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. An "X"-shaped sliding groove (11) is opened on the rotating column (10) and slides with the rotating frame (9). A rotating shaft is fixedly connected inside the rotating column (10). A baffle assembly for conveying the material in the weighing bin (4) to the pressing bin (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft. A pressing plate assembly for receiving the weighed feed and pressing the feed into feed pellets is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft. The pressing plate assembly slides with the driven shaft.

2. The apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure plate assembly includes a lower pressure plate (15), a first slide groove is opened in the fixed frame, a slider (12) that slides with the first slide groove is fixedly connected to the top of the lower pressure plate (15), a telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the slider (12), the other end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top wall of the first slide groove, a spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, the two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the top of the slider (12) and the top wall of the first slide groove respectively, an arc-shaped second slide groove (14) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider (12), and a rotating pin (13) is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven shaft, and the rotating pin (13) slides with the second slide groove (14).

3. The apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep according to claim 2, characterized in that, The baffle assembly includes a semi-circular baffle (6) fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft. A semi-circular connecting port (5) is provided between the weighing chamber (4) and the pressing chamber (22). The baffle (6) is located below the connecting port (5) and is intermittently connected to the inner top wall of the weighing chamber (4).

4. The apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep according to claim 3, characterized in that, A cutting assembly is provided on one side of the pressing chamber (22) near the drying chamber (20). The cutting assembly includes a knife holder (18) and several electric push rods (17). The top of each electric push rod (17) is fixedly connected to the top wall inside the pressing chamber (22), and the bottom of each electric push rod (17) is fixedly connected to the top of the knife holder (18). An array of blades (19) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the knife holder (18).

5. The apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tool holder (18) has a third sliding groove on one side. The tool holder (18) has an electric telescopic rod on the side opposite to the third sliding groove. The electric telescopic rod is divided into several sections, and each section is fitted with a fixing ring. A synchronizing rod is fixedly connected to each fixing ring. The end of the synchronizing rod away from the fixing ring is slidably engaged with the third sliding groove. Several cross-shaped blades (19) are fixedly connected to each synchronizing rod. The X-axis length of the cross-shaped blades (19) is 2~5cm, and the Y-axis length of the blades (19) is 1~2cm.

6. The apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side wall of the pressing chamber (22) is equipped with several infrared sensors that are connected to the preparation system signal.

7. The apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep according to claim 6, characterized in that, The feed inlet (2) is provided with a feeding component for feeding the mixed feed that has been stirred. The feeding component includes an electric baffle (3) that is set on the feed inlet (2) and connected to the preparation system signal.

8. The apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep according to claim 7, characterized in that, The weighing chamber (4) is equipped with a weighing component for automatically stopping feeding and quantitatively spreading the feed according to the preset weight of the preset configuration system. The weighing component includes pressure sensors that are fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the weighing chamber (4) and the baffle plate (6), respectively. The pressure sensors are all connected to the preparation system signal.

9. The apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drying chamber (20) is equipped with a drying component for drying the cut feed blocks and conveying them to the discharge port (21). The drying component includes a hot air generator, an air duct, and air nozzles. The air nozzles are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the drying chamber (20). The block feed is dried evenly through hot air circulation. The hot air generator is connected to the preparation system. The hot air generator is adapted to the drying requirements of feeds with different moisture contents according to the requirements of the preparation system. The drying chamber (20) is also equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor connected to the preparation system.

10. The apparatus for producing total mixed block feed for cattle and sheep according to claim 9, characterized in that, The preparation system includes a feeding control module, a weighing control module, a pressing control module, a cutting control module, and a drying control module, wherein: The feeding control module is used to collect the status data of the feed inlet (2) and the electric baffle (3), and the initial data of the pressure sensor in the weighing bin (4). It uses logical judgment to compare the changes in the pressure sensor data according to the preset weight threshold, obtains the feeding start and stop command, and transmits the feeding start and stop command to the electric baffle (3). The weighing control module is used to collect real-time data from the pressure sensors inside the bottom wall of the weighing bin (4) and the baffle plate (6), and to obtain the real-time weight of the material by using a weight calculation algorithm, and then transmit the real-time weight to the pressing control module. The pressing control module is used to collect the speed and direction running parameters of the servo motor (7), as well as receive the real-time weight, and use the motion control algorithm to transmit the drive signal to the servo motor (7) to control the speed of the servo motor (7); The cutting control module is used to collect the thickness of the feed blank in the pressing chamber (22) obtained by the infrared sensor. It uses a size matching algorithm to transmit the cutting command to the electric push rod (17) and the electric telescopic rod according to the preset feed block size requirements. The drying control module is used to collect temperature and humidity data transmitted by the temperature and humidity sensors in the drying chamber (20), adopt a temperature-humidity control algorithm, combine the preset moisture standard after drying, obtain the adjustment command of the hot air generator, and transmit the command to the hot air generator of the drying component.

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