Efficient biological extraction equipment capable of continuously separating metal in waste incineration fly ash

Abstract

The invention discloses efficient biological extraction equipment capable of continuously separating metal in waste incineration fly ash. The efficient biological extraction equipment comprises an extraction assembly, and a microbial stock solution injection assembly, an adsorption assembly and a filter press which are respectively connected with the extraction assembly, the extraction assembly is used for mixing the fly ash with a microbial liquid, so that metal components in fly ash particles are leached out under the action of microorganisms and enter the liquid; the adsorption assembly is used for adsorbing metal in liquid, and the filter press is used for carrying out filter pressing on the discharged material of the extraction assembly to realize solid-liquid separation; the equipment is reasonable in structural design, efficient extraction of microorganisms is achieved by arranging the extraction assembly, effluent of the adsorption assembly and the filter press connected with the extraction assembly enters the extraction assembly through a return pipe to be recycled, meanwhile, the adsorption assembly is used for circularly adsorbing metal cations dissolved in a solution, and the adsorption efficiency is improved. When valuable metals are recovered, continuous biological extraction treatment of the fly ash can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fly ash treatment technology, specifically to a high-efficiency bioleaching device capable of continuously separating metals from waste incineration fly ash. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid economic growth, the amount of municipal solid waste generated has also increased continuously, making the disposal of municipal solid waste a major environmental issue facing cities. Waste-to-energy incineration is a highly efficient treatment method with a high degree of harmlessness, large capacity reduction, and maximum energy recovery. However, the flue gas purification process of municipal solid waste incineration produces approximately 3% to 5% of the weight of the waste fed into the furnace as fly ash, commonly referred to in the industry as "fly ash." Heavy metals and dioxins in the flue gas generated by municipal solid waste incineration are trapped in the fly ash after purification treatment. Because waste incineration fly ash contains dioxins and heavy metals, the "National Hazardous Waste List" classifies waste incineration fly ash as HW18 hazardous waste.

[0003] Currently, the treatment and disposal methods for incineration fly ash both domestically and internationally can be broadly categorized into three technical routes: safe landfill, high-temperature treatment, and medium-to-low-temperature treatment. Safe landfill typically involves chelating and solidifying the fly ash before burying it in municipal solid waste or hazardous waste landfills. This method requires a large amount of land, and the pollutants in the chelated and solidified fly ash are not removed, posing a significant environmental risk. High-temperature treatment involves melting the fly ash at high temperatures, detoxifying dioxins, and encapsulating heavy metals in a vitreous environment. The resulting products have low environmental risk, but energy consumption and costs are extremely high, limiting its large-scale application. With the introduction of the "Technical Specification for Pollution Control of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash (Trial)" (HJ 1134—2020) standard, the medium-to-low-temperature technology route is gradually becoming the most promising solution. Under this route, fly ash is washed at room temperature to remove salts, and then fed into a cement kiln for high-temperature decomposition of dioxins to produce cement products. Alternatively, dioxins can be decomposed or desorbed from the fly ash at medium temperatures, followed by washing to remove salts, and the remaining washed fly ash can be used as a raw material for building materials. However, the medium- and low-temperature technology route does not remove heavy metals from fly ash. After washing, heavy metals accumulate in the washed mud, posing environmental and human health risks in subsequent building material use. At the same time, the large amount of lead, zinc, cadmium and other metal resources in fly ash cannot be recovered, resulting in waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a highly efficient bioleaching device for continuously separating metals from waste incineration fly ash. This device can extract and recover metals from fly ash at a lower cost, reducing fly ash toxicity while recovering resources and promoting resource recycling.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: a high-efficiency bio-extraction device for continuously separating metals from fly ash of waste incineration, comprising an extraction component and a microbial stock solution injection component, an adsorption component, and a filter press respectively connected to the extraction component; the extraction component includes an extraction tank and a mixing component disposed inside the extraction tank; a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the extraction tank, and an overflow pipe and a return pipe are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the extraction tank; an electric heating jacket is fitted inside the extraction tank; and a feeding pipe is provided at the top of the extraction tank; The microbial stock solution injection assembly includes a microbial stock solution tank installed on the outer wall of the extraction tank, a manifold ring installed at the upper part of the inside of the extraction tank, and several atomizing nozzles evenly distributed on the inner wall of the manifold ring; the manifold ring is connected to the microbial stock solution tank through a conduit, and a pressure pump is installed at the connection point; The mixing assembly includes a mounting plate inside the extraction tank and several stirring rods equidistantly distributed on the bottom surface of the mounting plate; a material discharge channel is provided through the mounting plate; a stirring motor is provided at the top of the feeding pipe, and the output end of the stirring motor is connected to a drive shaft that passes through the feeding pipe and is connected to the mounting plate; The adsorption assembly includes an outer cylinder and a mesh cylinder fitted inside the outer cylinder; the end of the outer cylinder is provided with a water inlet pipe that communicates with the inside of the mesh cylinder, the bottom of the outer cylinder is provided with a drain pipe, the water inlet pipe is connected to an overflow pipe, and the drain pipe is connected to a return pipe; the top of the outer cylinder is provided with a feeding hopper that communicates with the inside of the mesh cylinder, and a sealing baffle is provided at the connection between the feeding hopper and the outer cylinder. The filter press's inlet is connected to the outlet pipe, and the filter press's outlet is connected to the return pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, a guide screw located inside the feeding tube is sleeved on the drive shaft; an umbrella-shaped dispersing frame located below the guide screw is sleeved on the drive shaft; Explanation: During the rotation of the drive shaft, the guide screw can be driven to rotate inside the feeding pipe, so that the fly ash can slowly and stably enter the leaching tank under the action of the guide screw, avoiding fly ash accumulation; at the same time, when the fly ash passes through the rotating umbrella-shaped dispersing frame, it can be evenly dispersed into the leaching tank under the action of centrifugal force, and the agglomerated fly ash particles can be scattered into the working area of ​​the dispersing component under the action of gravity.

[0007] Furthermore, the mounting tray is hollow inside, and a dispersing component is provided on the upper surface of the mounting tray. The dispersing component includes several hollow support seats that are equidistantly distributed on the upper surface of the mounting tray, rotating paddles that are rotatably engaged with the top of each support seat, several first rotating shafts that are rotatably engaged inside the mounting tray and movably connected to each rotating paddle, and second rotating shafts that are rotatably engaged with the bottom surface of the mounting tray and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extraction tank. Each rotating paddle is fitted with a first sprocket, and one end of each first rotating shaft is connected to a second sprocket. Each second sprocket is connected to the first sprocket at the corresponding position via a chain. The other end of each first rotating shaft is connected to a first bevel gear. The top of the second rotating shaft penetrates the mounting tray, and the top of the second rotating shaft is connected to a second bevel gear that meshes with each of the first bevel gears. Explanation: The installation disc is rotated by the drive shaft. Since the second shaft is fixedly connected to the extraction tank, the meshing of the second bevel gear and the first bevel gear enables each first shaft to rotate inside the installation disc. When selecting the first shaft, the connection between the second sprocket and the first sprocket causes the rotating paddle to rotate on the corresponding support, breaking up the agglomerated particles in the fly ash. This helps to improve the dispersion of fly ash entering the extraction tank and promotes the mixing efficiency of fly ash and microbial stock solution.

[0008] Furthermore, each stirring rod is rotatably engaged with the lower surface of the mounting plate; a flow guide seat and a docking sleeve are provided at the bottom of the extraction tank, with the docking sleeve located inside the flow guide seat, and a sealing ring plate rotatably engaged between the docking sleeve and the flow guide seat; each stirring rod is rotatably engaged with the sealing ring plate; each stirring rod is connected to a linkage gear at its bottom end; a gear ring is fitted on the outer wall of the docking sleeve, which meshes with each linkage gear simultaneously; the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the docking sleeve; Explanation: As the stirring rod rotates with the mounting plate, it drives the sealing ring plate to rotate between the docking sleeve and the guide seat. The meshing action of the linkage gear and the gear ring allows the stirring rod to rotate on its own under the mounting plate, thereby promoting the mixing efficiency of fly ash and microbial stock solution and improving the consistency of metal leaching in fly ash.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a temporary storage tank disposed between the extraction assembly and the adsorption assembly; the temporary storage tank is connected to the overflow pipe and the inlet pipe respectively; a first liquid level sensor is disposed inside the temporary storage tank, and a PLC controller electrically connected to the first liquid level sensor is disposed on the outer wall of the extraction tank; a filter assembly is connected to the end of the overflow pipe near the extraction tank, and the filter assembly includes a filter box disposed at the end of the overflow pipe and a quartz sand core and a glass fiber filter membrane sequentially snapped into the filter box from top to bottom; a limiting mesh frame that abuts against the quartz sand core is disposed inside the filter box; an annular pressure plate that abuts against the glass fiber filter membrane is threadedly connected to the end of the filter box; an ultrasonic generator is disposed on the outer wall of the filter box, and an ultrasonic transducer column that penetrates the filter box and abuts against the limiting mesh frame is connected to the output end of the ultrasonic generator; The extraction tank is equipped with a second liquid level sensor that is electrically connected to the PLC controller; Explanation: The overflow pipe utilizes the liquid level difference between the extraction tank and the temporary storage tank to guide the high-metal-concentration leachate from the extraction tank to the temporary storage tank. Glass fiber membranes and quartz sand cores are used to filter the leachate entering the adsorption assembly, preventing particulate matter from entering and extending its service life. The metal-containing leachate from the extraction tank first enters the temporary storage tank through the overflow pipe. A first liquid level sensor inside the temporary storage tank monitors the liquid level in real time, and a second liquid level sensor monitors the liquid level inside the extraction tank. When the filter assembly becomes clogged, causing the liquid level in the temporary storage tank to fall below a preset value, the PLC controller activates the ultrasonic generator. The ultrasonic generator transmits mechanical vibration to the limit frame, vibrating and cleaning the glass fiber membrane and quartz sand core, ensuring continuous operation of the equipment.

[0010] Furthermore, an electromagnetic valve electrically connected to the PLC controller is installed on the overflow pipe, and a pressure sleeve connected to the overflow pipe is installed between the electromagnetic valve and the filter box. A piston is slidably engaged inside the pressure sleeve, and a first electric rod connected to the piston is installed at one end of the pressure sleeve away from the overflow pipe. Note: During the cleaning process of the filter assembly, the solenoid valve is closed by the PLC controller, and the piston is pushed by the first electric rod to move in the pressure sleeve to backwash the overflow pipe, which helps to improve the cleaning effect of the filter assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, a vibrating sleeve is slidably engaged with a slide block inside the filter box; a sliding rod is provided on the outer wall of the vibrating sleeve, which is slidably engaged with the slide block, and a vibration spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, which abuts against both ends of the slide block; the limiting mesh frame, quartz sand core, glass fiber filter membrane and annular pressure plate are all connected to the vibrating sleeve. Note: By installing a vibrating sleeve inside the filter box, the vibrating sleeve can vibrate up and down inside the filter box during the cleaning process of the quartz sand core and glass fiber filter membrane, which helps to improve the stability of the filter assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, a metal concentration monitor is installed on the outer wall of the temporary storage box, and the monitoring probe of the metal concentration monitor is located inside the temporary storage box. Note: The leaching experiment is terminated in a timely manner when the heavy metal concentration inside the temporary storage tank is lower than the preset value, and the material in the leaching tank is replaced to improve leaching efficiency.

[0013] Furthermore, an extrusion plate is slidably engaged inside the mesh cylinder, and a U-shaped frame connected to the extrusion plate is slidably engaged at the end of the outer cylinder. A second electric rod connected to the U-shaped frame is provided on the outer wall of the outer cylinder. An end cap is bolted to the end of the outer cylinder away from the U-shaped frame. Explanation: By using the second electric rod to pull the U-shaped frame along the mesh cylinder, the extrusion plate can squeeze the resin adsorbent material inside the mesh cylinder. This reduces the voids in the resin adsorbent material, ensuring the filling effect of the resin adsorbent material and the metal adsorption effect. It can also be used to replace the resin adsorbent material.

[0014] Furthermore, the extraction tank is equipped with a conductivity sensor and a temperature sensor that are electrically connected to the PLC controller; a cell concentration monitor is installed on the outer wall of the extraction tank, and the monitoring probe of the cell concentration monitor is located inside the extraction tank. Note: By installing conductivity and temperature sensors inside the extraction tank, the extraction conditions for metal components in fly ash can be precisely adjusted; a cell concentration monitor is used to monitor the microbial concentration in the extraction tank, facilitating the timely replenishment of microbial stock solution into the extraction tank.

[0015] The working principle of this invention is as follows: In use, the fly ash to be treated is added into the fly ash box, and microbial liquid is added into the microbial stock solution box. The drive shaft is rotated by the stirring motor. During the rotation of the drive shaft, the fly ash is guided into the extraction tank by the guide screw. When the falling fly ash passes through the umbrella-shaped dispersion frame on the stirring rod, it is evenly dispersed in the fly ash tank under the action of centrifugal force. At the same time, the agglomerated fly ash particles mainly fall into the working area of ​​the dispersion component under the action of gravity. At this time, the microbial stock solution in the microbial stock solution box is pumped into the manifold ring by the pressure pump and evenly sprayed onto the falling fly ash through the atomizing nozzle. The microbial liquid is prepared by mixing microbial stock solution, nutrients, ferrous sulfate and deionized water in a suitable ratio. The specific ratio is determined according to the composition of the microorganisms. The volume ratio of microbial liquid to fly ash is 2-5:1. The microorganisms in the microbial stock solution include ferrooxidizing thiobacillus, iron-loving Leptospira, thiooxidizing thiobacillus, and thermostable thiooxidizing thiobacillus. Simultaneously, the drive shaft drives the mounting plate to rotate. Since the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the extraction tank, the meshing action of the second bevel gear and the first bevel gear enables each first rotating shaft to rotate inside the mounting plate. When the first rotating shaft is selected, the connection action of the second sprocket and the first sprocket is used to make the rotating paddle rotate on the corresponding support seat, so that the fly ash is lifted up during the falling process, and the larger agglomerated particles in the fly ash are crushed and homogenized. Moreover, the stirring rod can drive the sealing ring plate to rotate between the docking sleeve and the guide seat during the rotation of the mounting plate. The meshing action of the linkage gear and the gear ring enables the stirring rod to rotate on the bottom surface of the mounting plate, so as to mix the fly ash and the extraction liquid evenly. The material inside the extraction tank is heated to the predetermined temperature for bacterial culture using an electric heating mantle, and the mixture is continuously stirred. Adsorption resin is added into the mesh cylinder through the feeding hopper. The solution in the upper part of the extraction tank passes through the filtration assembly, overflows into the temporary storage tank, and then enters the mesh cylinder. High concentrations of metal ions dissolved in the solution are adsorbed and extracted by the resin material. The solution with low heavy metal concentration after adsorption is discharged through the drain pipe and returns to the extraction tank through the return pipe. The liquid level inside the temporary storage tank is monitored in real time by a first liquid level sensor inside the temporary storage tank, and the liquid level inside the extraction tank is monitored in real time by a second liquid level sensor. When the filter components become clogged and the liquid level inside the temporary storage tank is lower than the preset value, the ultrasonic generator is started by controlling the PLC controller. The ultrasonic generator transmits mechanical vibration to the limit frame to vibrate and clean the glass fiber filter membrane and quartz sand core. When the metal concentration tester inside the temporary storage tank detects that the metal concentration of the leachate is lower than the preset value, the leaching ends; the material at the bottom of the leaching tank is discharged through the discharge pipe and enters the filter press, the fly ash after filtration enters the downstream process for utilization, and the filtrate enters the leaching tank through the return pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in the following aspects: First, the equipment structure of the present invention is reasonably designed. By setting up an adsorption component and a filter press connected to the extraction component, the water effluent from the adsorption component and the filter press enters the interior of the extraction component through the return pipe for secondary recycling. At the same time, the adsorption component continuously adsorbs the dissolved metal cations in the solution, reducing the toxicity of high concentration heavy metals to the microbial liquid and improving the bio-extraction efficiency, so that the present invention can realize the continuous bio-extraction treatment of fly ash. Secondly, the present invention uses a filtration component to filter the solution entering the adsorption component, preventing particulate matter from entering the adsorption component, which helps to extend the service life of the adsorption component and improves the reliability of the equipment. When the filtration component becomes clogged and the liquid level in the temporary storage tank is lower than the preset value, the backwashing operation of the filtration component is triggered, which provides a reliable guarantee for the continuous operation of the equipment. Third, by setting up ash-raising and mixing components inside the leaching tank, the present invention can improve the mixing uniformity and mixing efficiency of fly ash and leachate, thereby increasing the leaching efficiency of metal ions in fly ash and reducing the operating energy consumption of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the extraction assembly of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the adsorption component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the adsorption component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the distributed component mounting disk of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the rotating paddle and the support base of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the sealing ring plate, the flow guide seat, and the docking sleeve of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the linkage gear and the gear ring of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the filter assembly and the overflow pipe of the present invention; Figure 10 This is the present invention. Figure 9 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle; Among them, 1-extraction component, 10-extraction tank, 100-discharge pipe, 101-overflow pipe, 102-return pipe, 11-microbial stock solution injection component, 110-microbial stock solution tank, 111-combining ring, 112-atomizing nozzle, 113-pressure pump, 12-mixing component, 120-mounting plate, 121-stirring rod, 1210-linkage gear, 122-stirring motor, 123-drive shaft, 13-electric heating jacket, 14-feeding pipe, 15-material guide spiral, 16-umbrella-shaped dispersion frame, 2-adsorption component, 20-outer cylinder, 200-water inlet pipe, 201-drainage pipe, 202-end cap, 21-mesh cylinder, 22-feeding hopper, 220-sealing baffle, 23-squeezing plate, 230-U-shaped frame Frame, 231-Second electric rod, 3-Filter press, 4-Dispersion assembly, 40-Support seat, 41-Rotating paddle, 410-First sprocket, 42-First shaft, 420-Second sprocket, 421-First bevel gear, 43-Second shaft, 430-Second bevel gear, 5-Sealing ring plate, 50-Flow guide seat, 51-Dating sleeve, 52-Gear ring, 6-Temporary storage box, 7-Filter assembly, 70-Filter box, 700-Limiting mesh frame, 701-Slide seat, 71-Quartz sand core, 72-Glass fiber filter membrane, 73-Annular pressing plate, 74-Ultrasonic generator, 740-Ultrasonic transducer column, 75-Vibration sleeve, 750-Sliding rod, 751-Vibration spring, 8-Pressure sleeve, 80-Piston, 81-First electric rod. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Example 1 like Figure 1 , 2The device shown is a high-efficiency bioleaching device for continuously separating metals from fly ash of waste incineration. It includes an extraction component 1 and a microbial stock solution injection component 11, an adsorption component 2, and a filter press 3, all connected to the extraction component 1. The extraction component 1 includes an extraction tank 10 and a mixing component 12 disposed inside the extraction tank 10. A discharge pipe 100 is provided at the bottom of the extraction tank 10, and an overflow pipe 101 and a return pipe 102 are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the extraction tank 10. An electric heating jacket 13 (commercially available product) is fitted inside the extraction tank 10. A feeding pipe 14 is provided at the top of the extraction tank 10. A drive shaft 12 is also included. The feed tube 14 is fitted with a guide screw 15; the drive shaft 123 is fitted with an umbrella-shaped dispersing frame 16 located below the guide screw 15; during the rotation of the drive shaft 123, it can drive the guide screw 15 to rotate inside the feed tube 14, so that the fly ash can slowly and stably enter the leaching tank 10 under the action of the guide screw 15, avoiding fly ash accumulation; at the same time, when the fly ash passes through the rotating umbrella-shaped dispersing frame 16, it can be evenly dispersed into the leaching tank 10 under the action of centrifugal force, and at the same time, the agglomerated fly ash particles are scattered into the working area of ​​the dispersing component 4 under the action of gravity. like Figure 2 As shown, the microbial stock solution injection assembly 11 includes a microbial stock solution tank 110 disposed on the outer wall of the extraction tank 10, a manifold ring 111 sleeved inside the extraction tank 10 at an upper position, and eight atomizing nozzles 112 equidistantly distributed on the inner wall of the manifold ring 111; the manifold ring 111 is connected to the microbial stock solution tank 110 through a conduit, and a pressure pump 113 is provided at the connection point; like Figure 2 , 7 As shown, the mixing component 12 includes a mounting plate 120 disposed inside the extraction tank 10 and six stirring rods 121 equidistantly distributed on the bottom surface of the mounting plate 120; a material discharge channel is provided through the mounting plate 120; each stirring rod 121 is fitted with an umbrella-shaped dispersing frame 1211; a stirring motor 122 is provided at the top of the feeding pipe 14; the output end of the stirring motor 122 (commercially available product) is connected to a drive shaft 123 that passes through the feeding pipe 14 and is connected to the mounting plate 120; like Figure 3 As shown, the adsorption assembly 2 includes an outer cylinder 20 and a mesh cylinder 21 sleeved inside the outer cylinder 20; the outer cylinder 20 is provided with a water inlet pipe 200 communicating with the inside of the mesh cylinder 21 at its end, and a drain pipe 201 is provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder 20. The water inlet pipe 200 is connected to the overflow pipe 101, and the drain pipe 201 is connected to the return pipe 102; the outer cylinder 20 is provided with a feeding hopper 22 communicating with the inside of the mesh cylinder 21 at its top, and a sealing baffle 220 is provided at the connection between the feeding hopper 22 and the outer cylinder 20. like Figure 1 As shown, the feed inlet of the filter press 3 is connected to the discharge pipe 100, and the drain outlet of the filter press 3 is connected to the return pipe 102.

[0019] In this implementation, the pressure pump 113 can be the MHIC-A2-3 horizontal centrifugal pump manufactured by Weilun Pumps Shanghai Co., Ltd.; the filter press 3 can be the DY type belt filter press manufactured by Huzhou Henglu Environmental Protection Machinery Co., Ltd.

[0020] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: like Figure 2 , 5 As shown in Figure 6, the mounting plate 120 is hollow inside, and a dispersing component 4 is provided on the upper surface of the mounting plate 120. The dispersing component 4 includes four hollow support bases 40 that are equidistantly distributed on the upper surface of the mounting plate 120, rotating paddles 41 that are rotatably engaged with the top of each support base 40, four first rotating shafts 42 that are rotatably engaged inside the mounting plate 120 and movably connected to each rotating paddle 41, and a second rotating shaft 43 that is rotatably engaged with the lower surface of the mounting plate 120 and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extraction tank 10. Each rotating paddle 41 is fitted with a first sprocket 410, and one end of each first rotating shaft 42 is connected to a second sprocket 420. Each second sprocket 420 is connected to a corresponding position via a chain. The first sprocket 410 is connected for transmission; the other end of each first shaft 42 is connected to a first bevel gear 421; the top end of the second shaft 43 passes through the mounting plate 120, and the top end of the second shaft 43 is connected to a second bevel gear 430 that meshes with each first bevel gear 421; the mounting plate 120 is rotated by the drive shaft 123. Since the second shaft 43 is fixedly connected to the extraction tank 10, the meshing action of the second bevel gear 430 and the first bevel gear 421 enables each first shaft 42 to rotate inside the mounting plate 120. When the first shaft 42 is selected, the rotating paddle 41 rotates on the corresponding support seat 40 by utilizing the connection between the second sprocket 420 and the first sprocket 410.

[0021] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that: like Figure 2 , 7As shown in Figure 8, each stirring rod 121 is rotatably engaged with the lower surface of the mounting plate 120; a guide seat 50 and a docking sleeve 51 are provided at the bottom of the extraction tank 10, with the docking sleeve 51 located inside the guide seat 50, and a sealing ring plate 5 is rotatably engaged between the docking sleeve 51 and the guide seat 50; each stirring rod 121 is rotatably engaged with the sealing ring plate 5; each stirring rod 121 is connected to a linkage gear 1210 at its bottom end; a gear ring 52 is fitted on the outer wall of the docking sleeve 51 and simultaneously meshes with each linkage gear 1210; the second rotating shaft 43 is fixedly connected to the docking sleeve 51; during the rotation of the mounting plate 120, the stirring rod 121 can drive the sealing ring plate 5 to rotate between the docking sleeve 51 and the guide seat 50, and the meshing action of the linkage gear 1210 and the gear ring 52 enables the stirring rod 121 to rotate on its own at the lower surface of the mounting plate 120.

[0022] Example 4 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that: like Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figure 9, the system also includes a temporary storage tank 6 disposed between the extraction assembly 1 and the adsorption assembly 2; the temporary storage tank 6 is connected to the overflow pipe 101 and the inlet pipe 200 respectively; a first liquid level sensor is disposed inside the temporary storage tank 6, and a PLC controller electrically connected to the first liquid level sensor is disposed on the outer wall of the extraction tank 10; a filter assembly 7 is connected to one end of the overflow pipe 101 near the extraction tank 10, and the filter assembly 7 includes a filter box 70 disposed at the end of the overflow pipe 101 and a series of components sequentially snapped into the filter box 70 from top to bottom. Quartz sand core 71, glass fiber filter membrane 72; a limiting mesh frame 700 is provided inside the filter box 70 to abut against the quartz sand core 71; an annular pressure plate 73 is threadedly connected to the end of the filter box 70 to abut against the glass fiber filter membrane 72; an ultrasonic generator 74 (commercially available product) is provided on the outer wall of the filter box 70, and an ultrasonic transducer column 740 (commercially available product) is connected to the output end of the ultrasonic generator 74, which penetrates the filter box 70 and abuts against the limiting mesh frame 700; the extraction tank 10 is provided with an electrical connection to the PLC controller. A second liquid level sensor is connected; the pore size of the glass fiber filter membrane 72 is 0.22µm; the overflow pipe 101 uses the liquid level difference between the extraction tank 10 and the temporary storage tank 6 to guide the high metal concentration leaching solution in the extraction tank 10 to the temporary storage tank 6; the glass fiber filter membrane 72 and the quartz sand core 71 are used to filter the leaching solution entering the adsorption component 2 to prevent particulate matter from entering the adsorption component, which helps to extend the service life of the adsorption component 2; while the leaching solution containing metal components in the extraction tank 10 first passes through the overflow pipe 101 enters the temporary storage tank 6 and uses the first liquid level sensor inside the temporary storage tank 6 to monitor the liquid level height inside the temporary storage tank 6 in real time, and uses the second liquid level sensor to monitor the liquid level height inside the extraction tank 10 in real time; when the filter component 7 becomes clogged and the liquid level height inside the temporary storage tank 6 is lower than the preset value, the PLC controller controls the ultrasonic generator 74 to start, and the ultrasonic generator 74 transmits mechanical vibration to the limit frame 700 to vibrate and clean the glass fiber filter membrane 72 and the quartz sand core 71.

[0023] In this embodiment, the first liquid level sensor, the second liquid level sensor, and the PLC controller are all products of existing technology; the first liquid level sensor and the second liquid level sensor can be HSTL-18 type liquid level sensors produced by Beijing Huakong Xingye Technology Development Co., Ltd.; the PLC controller is PLCS7-1200 type PLC controller produced by Guangzhou Haosheng Automation Technology Co., Ltd.

[0024] Example 5 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that: like Figure 9As shown, an electromagnetic valve electrically connected to a PLC controller is installed on the overflow pipe 101. A pressure sleeve 8 connected to the overflow pipe 101 is installed between the electromagnetic valve and the filter box 70. A piston 80 is slidably engaged inside the pressure sleeve 8. A first electric rod 81 connected to the piston 80 is installed at the end of the pressure sleeve 8 away from the overflow pipe 101. During the cleaning process of the filter assembly 7, the PLC controller controls the electromagnetic valve to close, and the first electric rod 81 pushes the piston 80 to move in the pressure sleeve 8 to pressurize the overflow pipe 101, which helps to improve the cleaning effect of the filter assembly 7. The electromagnetic valve and the first electric rod 81 are both products of existing technology. For example, the electromagnetic valve can be an electric float valve produced by Botou Yujia Environmental Protection Equipment Co., Ltd., and the first electric rod 81 can be an NKLA8F high-speed DC telescopic rod produced by Zhejiang Juying Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd.

[0025] Example 6 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that: like Figure 10 As shown, a vibrating sleeve 75 is slidably engaged with a slide block 701 inside the filter box 70; a sliding rod 750 is provided on the outer wall of the vibrating sleeve 75, which is slidably engaged with the slide block 701, and a vibration spring 751 is sleeved on the sliding rod 750, which abuts against both ends of the slide block 701; the limiting mesh frame 700, the quartz sand core 71, the glass fiber filter membrane 72, and the annular pressure plate 73 are all connected to the vibrating sleeve 75; by providing a vibrating sleeve 75 inside the filter box 70, the vibrating sleeve 75 can vibrate up and down inside the filter box 70 during the cleaning process of the quartz sand core 71 and the glass fiber filter membrane 72, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the filter assembly 7.

[0026] Example 7 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that: like Figure 1 As shown, a metal concentration monitor (commercially available product) is installed on the outer wall of the temporary storage tank 6. The monitoring probe of the metal concentration monitor is located inside the temporary storage tank 6. The metal concentration monitor is used to monitor the changes in metal concentration inside the temporary storage tank 6 in real time. When the heavy metal concentration is lower than the preset value, the leaching experiment is terminated in time, the material in the leaching tank 10 is replaced, and the leaching efficiency is improved.

[0027] Example 8 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that: like Figure 3 , 4As shown, an extrusion plate 23 is slidably engaged inside the mesh cylinder 21, and a U-shaped frame 230 connected to the extrusion plate 23 is slidably engaged at the end of the outer cylinder 20. A second electric rod 231 connected to the U-shaped frame 230 is provided on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 20. An end cap 202 is bolted to the end of the outer cylinder 20 away from the U-shaped frame 230. By using the second electric rod 231 to pull the U-shaped frame 230 along the mesh cylinder 21, the extrusion plate 23 can be used to extrude the resin adsorbent material inside the mesh cylinder 21. This reduces the voids in the resin adsorbent material, ensuring the filling effect and metal adsorption effect of the resin adsorbent material. It can also be used to replace the resin adsorbent material. The second electric rod 231 is an NKLA8F high-speed DC telescopic rod manufactured by Zhejiang Juying Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd.

[0028] Example 9 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 8 is that: like Figure 1 As shown, the extraction tank 10 is equipped with a conductivity sensor and a temperature sensor, which are electrically connected to the PLC controller respectively. A cell concentration monitor is installed on the outer wall of the extraction tank 10, and the monitoring probe of the cell concentration monitor is located inside the extraction tank 10. By installing the conductivity sensor and temperature sensor inside the extraction tank 10, it is convenient to accurately adjust the extraction conditions of metal components in fly ash. The cell concentration monitor is used to monitor the microbial concentration in the extraction tank 10, so as to facilitate the timely replenishment of microbial stock solution inside the extraction tank 10.

[0029] It should be noted that the conductivity sensor, temperature sensor, and cell concentration monitor used in this embodiment all adopt existing technologies; for example, the conductivity sensor can be the 8PE159 conductivity sensor produced by Wuhan CNNC Instrument Co., Ltd.; the temperature sensor can be the IS-PR500RTU infrared temperature sensor produced by Guangzhou Huahong Automation Equipment Co., Ltd.; and the cell concentration monitor can be the FOGALE live cell concentration online analyzer from France.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency bioleaching device for continuously separating metals from fly ash from waste incineration, characterized in that, The system includes an extraction component (1) and a microbial stock solution injection component (11), an adsorption component (2), and a filter press (3) respectively connected to the extraction component (1); the extraction component (1) includes an extraction tank (10) and a mixing component (12) disposed inside the extraction tank (10); an electric heating jacket (13) is fitted inside the extraction tank (10); and a feeding pipe (14) is provided at the top of the extraction tank (10). The microbial stock solution injection assembly (11) includes a microbial stock solution tank (110) disposed on the outer wall of the extraction tank (10), a manifold ring (111) sleeved inside the extraction tank (10) at an upper position, and several atomizing nozzles (112) equidistantly distributed on the inner wall of the manifold ring (111); the manifold ring (111) is connected to the microbial stock solution tank (110) through a conduit, and a pressure pump (113) is provided at the connection point; the mixing assembly (12) includes an installation plate (120) disposed inside the extraction tank (10) and several stirring rods (121) equidistantly distributed on the bottom surface of the installation plate (120); a material discharge channel is provided through the installation plate (120); a stirring motor (122) is provided at the top of the feeding pipe (14), and the output end of the stirring motor (122) is connected to a drive shaft (123) that passes through the feeding pipe (14) and is connected to the installation plate (120); The adsorption assembly (2) includes an outer cylinder (20) and a mesh cylinder (21) sleeved inside the outer cylinder (20); the top of the outer cylinder (20) is provided with a feeding hopper (22) that communicates with the inside of the mesh cylinder (21), and a sealing baffle (220) is provided at the connection between the feeding hopper (22) and the outer cylinder (20). The feed inlet of the filter press (3) is connected to the discharge pipe (100), and the drain outlet of the filter press (3) is connected to the return pipe (102).

2. The high-efficiency bioleaching equipment for continuous separation of metals from waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting plate (120) is hollow inside, and a dispersing component (4) is provided on the upper surface of the mounting plate (120). The dispersing component (4) includes several hollow support seats (40) that are equidistantly distributed on the upper surface of the mounting plate (120), rotating paddles (41) that are rotatably engaged with the top of each of the support seats (40), several first rotating shafts (42) that are rotatably engaged inside the mounting plate (120) and movably connected to each of the rotating paddles (41) in a one-to-one correspondence, and second rotating shafts (43) that are rotatably engaged with the bottom surface of the mounting plate (120) and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extraction tank (10). Each of the rotating propellers (41) is fitted with a first sprocket (410), and one end of each of the first rotating shafts (42) is connected to a second sprocket (420). Each of the second sprockets (420) is connected to the first sprocket (410) at the corresponding position via a chain. The other end of each of the first rotating shafts (42) is connected to a first bevel gear (421). The top end of the second rotating shaft (43) passes through the mounting plate (120), and the top end of the second rotating shaft (43) is connected to a second bevel gear (430) that meshes with each of the first bevel gears (421).

3. The high-efficiency bioleaching equipment for continuous separation of metals from waste incineration fly ash according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the stirring rods (121) is rotatably engaged with the bottom surface of the mounting plate (120); the bottom of the extraction tank (10) is provided with a flow guide seat (50) and a docking sleeve (51), the docking sleeve (51) is located inside the flow guide seat (50), and a sealing ring plate (5) is rotatably engaged between the docking sleeve (51) and the flow guide seat (50); each of the stirring rods (121) is rotatably engaged with the sealing ring plate (5); each of the stirring rods (121) is connected to a linkage gear (1210) at the bottom end; a gear ring (52) is sleeved on the outer wall of the docking sleeve (51) and simultaneously meshes with each of the linkage gears (1210); the second rotating shaft (43) is fixedly connected to the docking sleeve (51).

4. The high-efficiency bioleaching equipment for continuous separation of metals from waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a temporary storage tank (6) disposed between the extraction assembly (1) and the adsorption assembly (2); the temporary storage tank (6) is connected to the overflow pipe (101) and the water inlet pipe (200) respectively; a first liquid level sensor is disposed inside the temporary storage tank (6), and a PLC controller electrically connected to the first liquid level sensor is disposed on the outer wall of the extraction tank (10); a filter assembly (7) is connected to one end of the overflow pipe (101) near the extraction tank (10), the filter assembly (7) includes a filter box (70) disposed at the end of the overflow pipe (101) and a filter box (70) arranged from top to bottom. A quartz sand core (71) and a glass fiber filter membrane (72) are snapped into the inside of the filter box (70); a limiting mesh frame (700) is provided inside the filter box (70) to abut against the quartz sand core (71); an annular pressure plate (73) is threaded to the end of the filter box (70) to abut against the glass fiber filter membrane (72); an ultrasonic generator (74) is provided on the outer wall of the filter box (70), and an ultrasonic transducer column (740) is connected to the output end of the ultrasonic generator (74) to penetrate the filter box (70) and abut against the limiting mesh frame (700). The extraction tank (10) is equipped with a second liquid level sensor that is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

5. The high-efficiency bioleaching equipment for continuous separation of metals from waste incineration fly ash according to claim 4, characterized in that, An electromagnetic valve electrically connected to the PLC controller is provided on the overflow pipe (101). A pressure sleeve (8) connected to the overflow pipe (101) is provided between the electromagnetic valve and the filter box (70). A piston (80) is slidably engaged inside the pressure sleeve (8). A first electric rod (81) connected to the piston (80) is provided at one end of the pressure sleeve (8) away from the overflow pipe (101).

6. The high-efficiency bioleaching equipment for continuous separation of metals from waste incineration fly ash according to claim 5, characterized in that, The filter box (70) is slidably engaged with a vibrating sleeve (75) via a slide block (701); a sliding rod (750) is provided on the outer wall of the vibrating sleeve (75) and is slidably engaged with the slide block (701); a vibrating spring (751) is sleeved on the sliding rod (750) and respectively abuts against both ends of the slide block (701); the limiting mesh frame (700), the quartz sand core (71), the glass fiber filter membrane (72) and the annular pressure plate (73) are all connected to the vibrating sleeve (75).

7. The high-efficiency bioleaching equipment for continuous separation of metals from waste incineration fly ash according to claim 5, characterized in that, A metal concentration monitor is installed on the outer wall of the temporary storage box (6), and the monitoring probe of the metal concentration monitor is located inside the temporary storage box (6).

8. The high-efficiency bioleaching equipment for continuous separation of metals from waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extraction tank (10) is equipped with a second liquid level sensor that is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

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