Compressed air energy storage system and operation adjusting method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a compressed air energy storage system and an operation adjusting method thereof. The compressed air energy storage system comprises a first compressor, a second compressor and an air storage structure which are sequentially connected through a pipeline. A first throttle valve is arranged on a pipeline between the second compressor and the gas storage structure; the gas storage structure comprises a plurality of independent gas storage units, a gas inlet header pipe and a gas outlet header pipe; each independent gas storage unit is connected to the gas inlet header pipe and the gas outlet header pipe through electromagnetic valves; a second throttle valve is arranged on the gas outlet header pipe; the first compressor is communicated with the air outlet main pipe through a pipeline, and a control valve is arranged on the pipeline between the first compressor and the air outlet main pipe. The air supply amount is controlled by adjusting the opening degrees of the first throttling valve and the second throttling valve and the control valve, the air storage structure composed of the multiple independent air storage units is matched, switching of the independent air storage units is achieved by controlling different electromagnetic valves, finally stable output of compressed air is achieved, and the overall air loss rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compressed air energy storage technology. More specifically, it relates to a compressed air energy storage system and its operation and regulation method. Background Technology

[0002] Compressed air energy storage is an important energy storage method. A compressed air energy storage power station typically involves two processes: compression and energy storage, and expansion and energy release. Specifically, during periods of low grid load, excess electricity from the grid can be used to compress gas and store it in storage equipment. During periods of high grid load, the high-pressure gas in the storage equipment can be released to drive an air turbine to generate electricity. In existing technologies, when compressed air is output, the output pressure and airflow continuously decrease over time, and fluctuations occur during the output process. A standalone air replenishment structure is prone to over-regulation, further exacerbating pressure fluctuations and leading to a high gas loss rate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a compressed air energy storage system and its operation and regulation method to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a compressed air energy storage system, comprising: A first compressor, a second compressor, and a gas storage structure are connected sequentially by pipelines; a first throttle valve is installed on the pipeline between the second compressor and the gas storage structure; the gas storage structure includes several independent gas storage units, an inlet manifold, and an outlet manifold; each independent gas storage unit is connected to the inlet manifold and the outlet manifold respectively via a solenoid valve; a second throttle valve is installed on the outlet manifold; the first compressor is connected to the outlet manifold via a pipeline, and a control valve is installed on the pipeline between the first compressor and the outlet manifold.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment, a first heat exchanger is included between the second compressor and the gas storage structure; a second heat exchanger is included between the first compressor and the control valve; and the connection point between the gas supply pipeline and the main gas outlet pipe is located downstream of the second throttle valve.

[0006] The preferred embodiment is that the independent gas storage units have different volumes; the first throttle valve, the second throttle valve, the control valve, and the solenoid valve are all electrically controlled regulating valves.

[0007] The present invention also provides an operation regulation method based on the compressed air energy storage system described above, the operation regulation method comprising the following steps: S1. Set the output task target parameters, including the total output duration and the total output gas volume; S2. Set the output rated parameters, including the target air pressure and target flow rate at the output end; S3. Preset operating parameter fluctuation range, including the lower limit and upper limit of air pressure determined based on the target air pressure, and the lower limit and upper limit of flow velocity determined based on the target flow velocity; S4. Specify adjustment rules, which define the operation mode and priority order of the first throttle valve, control valve and solenoid valve when the real-time output air pressure is lower than the lower limit of air pressure or higher than the upper limit of air pressure, and / or the real-time output flow rate is lower than the lower limit of flow rate or higher than the upper limit of flow rate; S5. During the gas output process of the compressed air energy storage system, monitor the real-time output gas pressure, real-time output flow rate, cumulative output gas volume, and the real-time pressure of the currently operating independent gas storage unit in real time. S6. According to the adjustment rules described in step S4 and in combination with the monitoring results of step S5, the gas output of the compressed air energy storage system is dynamically adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first throttle valve and / or the second throttle valve, controlling the opening and closing of the control valve, and controlling the switching of each solenoid valve to switch different independent gas storage units.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, in step S6, when the real-time output gas pressure is between the lower limit and the upper limit of the gas pressure, and the real-time output flow rate is between the lower limit and the upper limit of the flow rate, it is determined to be a stable output state. In this state, when the cumulative output gas volume reaches a preset switching threshold, or when the real-time pressure of the currently operating independent gas storage unit drops to a preset pressure switching threshold, the switching of the gas storage unit is completed by closing the solenoid valve of the currently operating independent gas storage unit and opening the solenoid valve of another independent gas storage unit.

[0009] A preferred embodiment is that the adjustment rules specified in step S4 include: when the real-time output air pressure is lower than the lower limit of air pressure and / or the real-time output flow rate is lower than the lower limit of flow rate, the adjustment is performed in the following priority order: a. Prioritize increasing the opening of the first throttle valve; b. If the parameters do not return to the normal range after step a, then open the control valve to replenish the air. c. If the parameters are still not restored after step b, control the opening of one or more solenoid valves of the currently unused independent gas storage units to supply gas.

[0010] The preferred embodiment is that, in step a, the opening degree of the first throttle valve is first increased to the maximum opening degree.

[0011] A preferred embodiment is that the adjustment rules specified in step S4 include: when the real-time output air pressure is higher than the upper limit of the air pressure and / or the real-time output flow rate is higher than the upper limit of the flow rate, the adjustment is performed in the following priority order: A. Prioritize reducing the opening of the first throttle valve; B. If the parameters do not return to the normal range after step A, the solenoid valve is controlled to switch from the currently operating independent gas storage unit to one or more independent gas storage units with lower pressure for gas supply.

[0012] A preferred embodiment further includes a pressure balancing step: when the pressure of one or more of the independent gas storage units is detected to be higher than a preset high-pressure threshold, the solenoid valve is controlled to isolate the unit from the main inlet and outlet pipes of the gas storage structure, and the connecting valve is controlled to connect the high-pressure independent gas storage unit to a standby independent gas storage unit with a pressure lower than a preset low-pressure threshold, thereby balancing the pressure.

[0013] The preferred embodiment is that the opening degree of the first throttle valve and the second throttle valve is adjusted dynamically based on the monitored values ​​of the real-time output air pressure and the real-time output flow rate.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention controls the amount of supplementary air by adjusting the opening of the first and second throttle valves and the control valve. Combined with a gas storage structure consisting of multiple independent gas storage units, and by controlling different solenoid valves to switch between these units, it achieves a stable output of compressed air. Compared to existing individual gas supplementation methods, this invention reduces gas consumption and parameter errors, and stabilizes output pressure by switching between different independent gas storage units. Furthermore, by integrating throttle valve adjustment, supplementary air control, and switching between multiple gas storage units, this invention forms a sequential and orderly operation and regulation method for compressed air energy storage systems. This compressed air energy storage system and operation and regulation method can cope with pressure / flow fluctuations of varying magnitudes and causes, avoiding the over-adjustment and pressure fluctuation problems easily caused by traditional single-supplementation structures. This ensures the stability of the airflow parameters (pressure and velocity) supplied to the air turbine, ultimately guaranteeing the reliability of power generation quality. This invention can proactively switch to the gas storage unit with the most suitable volume for output based on output demand and real-time status. This dynamic adjustment method enables each gas storage unit to operate within a more efficient and stable pressure range, maximizing the utilization of the potential energy of compressed air, significantly reducing the overall gas loss rate of the system, and improving the system's working efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1This is a structural schematic diagram of the compressed air energy storage system of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation adjustment method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0019] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the invention or its application or use.

[0020] Technologies and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such technologies and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0021] In all the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0022] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures.

[0023] This invention provides a compressed air energy storage system, combined with Figure 1As shown, the compressed air energy storage system specifically includes a first compressor 1, a second compressor 2, and an air storage structure 7 connected sequentially via a main pipeline. The first compressor 1 is a low-pressure compressor, and the second compressor 2 is a high-pressure compressor. Ambient air enters the low-pressure compressor from the input end 11 and enters the air turbine from the output end 9. The low-pressure compressor is used to initially compress the intake ambient air, raising its pressure to an intermediate pressure; the high-pressure compressor is used to receive the air at the intermediate pressure from the low-pressure compressor and perform final compression on it, bringing it to the high pressure required by the air storage structure. This staged compression method, compared to single-stage compression, can effectively reduce the power consumption of the compression process and improve system efficiency. As a non-limiting example, the low-pressure compressor can be configured to compress air to an intermediate pressure range of 0.5 MPa to 3 MPa; the high-pressure compressor can be configured to further compress the air to a storage pressure range of 5 MPa to 15 MPa. Those skilled in the art will understand that the specific pressure setting can be adjusted accordingly based on conditions such as the volume of the air storage structure and grid demand. A first throttle valve 5 is installed on the main pipeline between the high-pressure compressor and the air storage structure 7 to regulate the flow of compressed air toward the air storage structure 7. The air storage structure 7 includes several independent air storage units 8, an inlet manifold, and an outlet manifold; each independent air storage unit 8 is connected to the inlet manifold and the outlet manifold respectively through a solenoid valve; that is, each independent air storage unit 8 is connected to the inlet manifold and the outlet manifold only through one solenoid valve, so that controlling the opening and closing of the solenoid valve can independently realize the charging and discharging process of the unit. The inlet end of the inlet manifold is connected to the first throttle valve 5, and the outlet end of the outlet manifold forms the output end 9. A second throttle valve 6 is installed on the outlet manifold to regulate the flow rate and pressure of compressed air toward the air turbine. The outlet end of the low-pressure compressor is connected to the outlet manifold through a make-up air pipeline, and the outlet end of the outlet manifold is connected to the air turbine. A control valve 10 is installed on the make-up air pipeline between the low-pressure compressor and the main outlet pipe to control the amount of make-up air. By adjusting the control valve 10, the make-up air flow from the low-pressure compressor into the main outlet pipe can be actively controlled. Thus, when the system output pressure or flow rate is insufficient, it serves as a key adjustment method to help restore the system output to the rated parameter range.

[0024] Furthermore, a first heat exchanger 3 is included between the high-pressure compressor and the gas storage structure 7; a second heat exchanger 4 is included between the low-pressure compressor and the control valve 10. The function of the first heat exchanger 3 is to cool the high-temperature air compressed by the high-pressure compressor to near ambient temperature before sending it into the gas storage structure during the energy storage process, thereby increasing the energy storage density and ensuring the safety of the gas storage structure. The function of the second heat exchanger 4 is to preheat the make-up air from the low-pressure compressor using an external heat source during the energy release process, thereby increasing its temperature. The connection position of the make-up air pipeline to the main outlet pipe is located downstream of the second throttle valve 6, and the make-up airflow merges into the main airflow after entering the air turbine after the second throttle valve 6. This connection position allows the make-up air to bypass the throttling control of the second throttle valve 6 and directly act on downstream equipment. When the system output air pressure or flow rate is insufficient, the make-up airflow can quickly and effectively increase the total airflow pressure and flow rate to the air turbine, assisting in restoring the system output. The number of independent gas storage units 8 can be selected according to actual needs, and the volumes of each independent gas storage unit 8 are different. The system can select and switch to the gas storage unit with the most suitable volume under the current operating conditions for output based on the output task requirements (such as output duration and total gas volume) and real-time gas parameters (such as pressure fluctuations). This dynamic matching method enables the gas storage unit to operate within a range where the internal pressure changes are relatively small, providing a more continuous and stable gas pressure and flow rate to the downstream, effectively reducing parameter fluctuations and improving the overall system efficiency. The first throttle valve 5, the second throttle valve 6, the control valve 10, and the solenoid valve are all electrically controlled regulating valves.

[0025] Combination Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides an operation regulation method based on the compressed air energy storage system described above, the operation regulation method comprising the following steps: S1. Set the output task target parameters according to the output load requirements, including the total output duration and the total output gas volume; S2. Set the output rated parameters, including the target air pressure and target flow rate at the output end; S3. Based on the type and quantity of the output load, preset the fluctuation range of the operating parameters, including the lower limit and upper limit of the air pressure determined based on the target air pressure, and the lower limit and upper limit of the flow rate determined based on the target flow rate. S4. Specify adjustment rules, which define the operation mode and priority order of the first throttle valve, control valve and solenoid valve when the real-time output air pressure is lower than the lower limit of air pressure or higher than the upper limit of air pressure, and / or the real-time output flow rate is lower than the lower limit of flow rate or higher than the upper limit of flow rate; S5. During the gas output process of the compressed air energy storage system, monitor the real-time output gas pressure, real-time output flow rate, cumulative output gas volume, and the real-time pressure of the currently operating independent gas storage unit in real time. S6. According to the adjustment rules described in step S4 and in combination with the monitoring results of step S5, the gas output of the compressed air energy storage system is dynamically adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first throttle valve and / or the second throttle valve, controlling the opening and closing of the control valve, and controlling the switching of each solenoid valve to switch different independent gas storage units.

[0026] This operational regulation method dynamically controls gas pressure and flow rate based on output duration and total gas volume, and monitors real-time output gas pressure, real-time output flow rate, cumulative output gas volume, and the real-time pressure of the currently operating independent gas storage unit. According to regulation rules with clear priorities, it controls the orderly operation of three types of actuators: throttle valve, gas replenishment valve, and gas storage unit. Ultimately, it achieves precise and stable control of gas output parameters within the system output cycle, thereby significantly reducing the overall gas loss rate of the system and improving the system's working efficiency.

[0027] Furthermore, during the specific output process, the gas pressure of the independent gas storage unit will decrease over time. Since the load requires a stable gas pressure and gas flow rate during operation, it is necessary to monitor the gas pressure and gas flow rate and make corresponding adjustments when they are lower than the rated parameters to maintain a stable output during operation and reduce the gas loss rate.

[0028] In step S6, when the real-time output gas pressure is between the lower and upper limits of the pressure, and the real-time output flow rate is between the lower and upper limits of the flow rate, it is determined to be a stable output state. In this state, when the cumulative output gas volume reaches a preset switching threshold, or when the real-time pressure of the currently operating independent gas storage unit drops to a preset pressure switching threshold, the gas storage unit is switched by closing the solenoid valve of the currently operating independent gas storage unit and opening the solenoid valve of another independent gas storage unit. When the system outputs gas stably, the output gas pressure and flow rate parameters are monitored, and the system switches to a gas storage unit of appropriate volume for output based on the output duration, the total amount of gas output, and the pressure change of the gas storage unit. At this time, the control valve remains closed, and the second throttle valve is at its rated parameters. When the gas pressure of the gas storage unit drops to its rated value, the system switches to another gas storage unit for output. At this time, the control valve remains closed, and the second throttle valve is at its rated parameters to keep the output value stable.

[0029] The adjustment rules specified in step S4 include: when the real-time output gas pressure is lower than the lower limit of the gas pressure and / or the real-time output flow rate is lower than the lower limit of the flow rate, the adjustment is performed in the following priority order: a) increase the opening of the first throttle valve first; b) if the parameters do not return to the normal range after step a, open the control valve to replenish gas; c) if the parameters still do not return to normal after step b, control the opening of one or more solenoid valves of the independent gas storage units that are not currently in use to supply gas. In step a above, the opening of the first throttle valve is first increased to the maximum opening. When the pressure value of the gas storage unit is within the rated range, if the output gas pressure and flow rate parameters are lower than the lower limit, the throttle valve parameters are increased first to open to the maximum, and then the gas pressure and flow rate are monitored to see if they return to normal. If they do not return to normal, the control valve is opened first to replenish gas. If they still do not return to normal, the solenoid valve is controlled to open the gas storage unit to supply gas, so that the gas pressure and flow rate return to normal.

[0030] The adjustment rules specified in step S4 include: when the real-time output gas pressure is higher than the upper limit of the gas pressure and / or the real-time output flow rate is higher than the upper limit of the flow rate, the adjustment is performed in the following priority order: A. Prioritize reducing the opening of the first throttle valve; B. If the parameters do not return to the normal range after executing step A, then switch the gas supply from the currently operating independent gas storage unit to one or more independent gas storage units with lower pressure by controlling the solenoid valve. When the pressure value of the gas storage unit is within the rated range, but the output gas pressure and flow rate parameters are higher than the upper limit, prioritize reducing the throttle valve parameters to reduce its opening, and then monitor whether the gas pressure and flow rate have recovered. If they have not recovered, control the solenoid valve to switch and open the low-pressure gas storage unit for gas supply, and switch back to the current gas storage unit for gas supply after recovery.

[0031] This method also includes a pressure balancing step: when the pressure of one or more of the independent gas storage units is detected to be higher than a preset high-pressure threshold, its solenoid valve is controlled to isolate it from the main inlet and outlet pipes of the gas storage structure, and a connecting valve is controlled to connect the high-pressure independent gas storage unit with a standby independent gas storage unit with a pressure lower than a preset low-pressure threshold for pressure balancing. Different independent gas storage units are connected by connecting valves, and the opening and closing of the connecting valves can achieve mutual connection and isolation. When the pressure of some independent gas storage units is too high, the gas supply can be switched to other gas storage units through the solenoid valve, while controlling the connection between the high-pressure gas storage unit and the standby low-pressure gas storage unit to release pressure and balance. Through this method, the pressure relief between the high-pressure gas storage unit and the low-pressure standby gas storage unit can be achieved, which can actively balance the internal pressure of the gas storage units and effectively avoid the safety risks caused by excessive pressure in individual gas storage units. At the same time, the configuration of multiple units also provides redundancy, and the failure of a single unit does not affect the continuous operation of the system, improving the reliability of the entire energy storage system.

[0032] The opening adjustments of the first and second throttle valves are dynamically made based on the monitored values ​​of the real-time output air pressure and real-time output flow rate. If a single control fails, the control valve is opened first for gas replenishment control; if that also fails, the gas storage unit is switched. That is, when the throttle valve adjustment fails, gas replenishment control is initiated first, opening the control valve. If gas replenishment control still cannot restore the system to normal, the control solenoid valve switches to the independent gas storage unit.

[0033] In summary, this invention controls the air supply by adjusting the opening of the first and second throttle valves and the control valve, and utilizes a storage structure composed of multiple independent air storage units. Switching between these units is achieved by controlling different solenoid valves, ultimately resulting in a stable compressed air output. Compared to existing individual air supply methods, this invention reduces gas consumption and parameter errors, and stabilizes output pressure by switching between different independent air storage units. Furthermore, by integrating throttle valve adjustment, air supply control, and switching between multiple air storage units, this invention forms a sequential and orderly operation and regulation method for compressed air energy storage systems. This compressed air energy storage system and operation and regulation method can handle pressure / flow fluctuations of varying magnitudes and causes, avoiding the over-adjustment and pressure fluctuation problems easily caused by traditional single air supply structures. This ensures the stability of the airflow parameters (pressure and velocity) supplied to the air turbine, ultimately guaranteeing the reliability of power generation quality. This invention can proactively switch to the air storage unit with the most suitable volume for output based on output demand and real-time status. This dynamic adjustment method enables each gas storage unit to operate within a more efficient and stable pressure range, maximizing the utilization of the potential energy of compressed air, significantly reducing the overall gas loss rate of the system, and improving the system's working efficiency.

[0034] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation methods here. All obvious variations or modifications derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compressed air energy storage system, characterized in that, include: A first compressor, a second compressor, and a gas storage structure are connected sequentially by pipelines; a first throttle valve is installed on the pipeline between the second compressor and the gas storage structure; the gas storage structure includes several independent gas storage units, an inlet manifold, and an outlet manifold; each independent gas storage unit is connected to the inlet manifold and the outlet manifold respectively via a solenoid valve; a second throttle valve is installed on the outlet manifold; the first compressor is connected to the outlet manifold via a pipeline, and a control valve is installed on the pipeline between the first compressor and the outlet manifold.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first heat exchanger is included between the second compressor and the gas storage structure; a second heat exchanger is included between the first compressor and the control valve; the connection point between the gas supply pipeline and the main gas outlet pipe is located downstream of the second throttle valve.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The independent gas storage units have different volumes; the first throttle valve, the second throttle valve, the control valve, and the solenoid valve are all electrically controlled regulating valves.

4. A method for operating and regulating a compressed air energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The operation adjustment method includes the following steps: S1. Set the output task target parameters, including the total output duration and the total output gas volume; S2. Set the output rated parameters, including the target air pressure and target flow rate at the output end; S3. Preset operating parameter fluctuation range, including the lower limit and upper limit of air pressure determined based on the target air pressure, and the lower limit and upper limit of flow velocity determined based on the target flow velocity; S4. Specify adjustment rules, which define the operation mode and priority order of the first throttle valve, control valve and solenoid valve when the real-time output air pressure is lower than the lower limit of air pressure or higher than the upper limit of air pressure, and / or the real-time output flow rate is lower than the lower limit of flow rate or higher than the upper limit of flow rate; S5. During the gas output process of the compressed air energy storage system, monitor the real-time output gas pressure, real-time output flow rate, cumulative output gas volume, and the real-time pressure of the currently operating independent gas storage unit in real time. S6. According to the adjustment rules described in step S4 and in combination with the monitoring results of step S5, the gas output of the compressed air energy storage system is dynamically adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first throttle valve and / or the second throttle valve, controlling the opening and closing of the control valve, and controlling the switching of each solenoid valve to switch different independent gas storage units.

5. The operation adjustment method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S6, when the real-time output gas pressure is between the lower limit and the upper limit of the gas pressure, and the real-time output flow rate is between the lower limit and the upper limit of the flow rate, it is determined to be a stable output state. In this state, when the cumulative output gas volume reaches a preset switching threshold, or when the real-time pressure of the currently operating independent gas storage unit drops to a preset pressure switching threshold, the switching of the gas storage unit is completed by closing the solenoid valve of the currently operating independent gas storage unit and opening the solenoid valve of another independent gas storage unit.

6. The operation adjustment method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment rules specified in step S4 include: when the real-time output air pressure is lower than the lower limit of air pressure and / or the real-time output flow rate is lower than the lower limit of flow rate, the adjustment is performed in the following priority order: a. Prioritize increasing the opening of the first throttle valve; b. If the parameters do not return to the normal range after step a, then open the control valve to replenish the air. c. If the parameters are still not restored after step b, control the opening of one or more solenoid valves of the currently unused independent gas storage units to supply gas.

7. The operation adjustment method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step a, the opening of the first throttle valve is first increased to the maximum opening.

8. The operation adjustment method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment rules specified in step S4 include: when the real-time output air pressure is higher than the upper limit of the air pressure and / or the real-time output flow rate is higher than the upper limit of the flow rate, the adjustment is performed in the following priority order: A. Prioritize reducing the opening of the first throttle valve; B. If the parameters do not return to the normal range after step A, the solenoid valve is controlled to switch from the currently operating independent gas storage unit to one or more independent gas storage units with lower pressure for gas supply.

9. The operation adjustment method according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure balancing step: when the pressure of one or more of the independent gas storage units is detected to be higher than a preset high pressure threshold, the solenoid valve is controlled to isolate it from the main inlet and outlet pipes of the gas storage structure, and the connecting valve is controlled to connect the high-pressure independent gas storage unit to a standby independent gas storage unit with a pressure lower than a preset low pressure threshold, so as to perform pressure balancing.

10. The operation adjustment method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The opening adjustment of the first throttle valve and the second throttle valve is a dynamic adjustment based on the monitored values ​​of the real-time output air pressure and the real-time output flow rate.

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