Shaded pole motor with self-adaptive heat dissipation regulation and control

Abstract

The invention discloses a shaded pole motor with self-adaptive heat dissipation regulation and control. Comprising a shell, the shell is provided with a coil winding and a rotor, the rotor is covered with a heat dissipation ring, the heat dissipation ring is used for heat dissipation of the rotor, the heat dissipation ring is communicated with a heat dissipation channel, the heat dissipation channel penetrates through the coil winding and is used for heat dissipation of the coil winding, and the heat dissipation channel is communicated with a liquid storage bin. The liquid storage bin is provided with a liquid discharge port, the liquid discharge port is connected with a control unit, the liquid discharge port has a closed position, the control unit controls the liquid discharge port to be closed for internal circulation heat dissipation of the shaded pole motor, the liquid discharge port has an open position, and the liquid discharge port is communicated with an external circulation machine. The control unit controls the liquid outlet to be opened for external circulation heat dissipation of the shaded pole motor. The shaded pole motor can solve the inherent problem of low heat dissipation efficiency of the shaded pole motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of single-phase AC induction motor technology, specifically to a shaded-pole motor with adaptive heat dissipation regulation. Background Technology

[0002] Shaded-pole motors, also known as shaded-pole electric motors, are single-phase asynchronous motors characterized by their simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and reliable operation. A typical structure includes a stator, a squirrel-cage cast aluminum rotor, and end covers. Stator structures are mainly divided into salient-pole and non-salient-pole types, with the salient-pole type being more widely used. In a salient-pole stator, a portion of each magnetic pole is surrounded by a shaded-pole ring. The function of this ring is to generate a precessing magnetic field in the air gap magnetic field, which lags behind the main magnetic field, thus producing starting torque and enabling the rotor to start automatically. Due to its unique starting principle and low cost, shaded-pole motors are widely used in applications where starting torque and efficiency requirements are not high, such as various fans, blowers, heating and air conditioning equipment, electric models, and small instruments. However, as modern electronic and electrical equipment develops towards miniaturization, high power density, and long lifespan, the inherent weakness of shaded-pole motors in heat dissipation performance has become increasingly prominent, becoming a key bottleneck restricting their reliability improvement and application expansion.

[0003] For reasons of dust prevention, moisture prevention, electric shock prevention, and safety regulations, the vast majority of civilian and commercial shaded-pole motors adopt a fully enclosed, non-ventilated structure. This structure means that the inside of the motor forms a sealed cavity, with the stator, rotor, and other heat-generating components completely enclosed within the housing. From a thermodynamic perspective, this structure severely hinders the effective exchange of internal heat with the external cooling medium. The heat generated in the high-temperature areas inside can only be dissipated through two inefficient paths. The heat passes sequentially through the stator core, the stator-housing interface, the housing body, and finally reaches the outer surface. In this path, there is contact thermal resistance between the mating surfaces of the stator and the housing, and the limited thermal conductivity of the cast iron or low-carbon steel housing material itself, together forming a significant thermal conduction impedance. The air inside the confined space of the motor, after being heated, can only transfer heat to the inner wall of the housing through weak natural convection and thermal radiation, resulting in extremely low efficiency. This design essentially creates a thermal barrier between the high-temperature area inside the motor and the external cooling environment, causing internal heat to accumulate and form hot spots that are much hotter than the outer casing temperature. This results in a persistently high internal temperature rise when the motor is running under rated load.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of the present invention, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art. Application content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application discloses a shaded-pole motor with adaptive heat dissipation regulation, which can solve the inherent problem of low heat dissipation efficiency of shaded-pole motors.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: A shaded-pole motor with adaptive heat dissipation control includes a housing, a coil winding and a rotor disposed within the housing, a heat dissipation ring covering the rotor for heat dissipation, a heat dissipation channel passing through the coil winding for heat dissipation, a liquid storage tank connected to the liquid storage tank, a drain port connected to the drain port, a control unit connected to the drain port, the drain port having a closed position controlled by the control unit for internal circulation heat dissipation of the shaded-pole motor, and an open position connected to an external circulation unit controlled by the control unit for external circulation heat dissipation of the shaded-pole motor.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the drain outlet includes an inlet and an outlet. In the closed position of the drain outlet, the inlet and outlet are closed simultaneously, and in the open position of the drain outlet, the inlet and outlet are opened simultaneously.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, an inlet valve is provided at the inlet, which is connected to a control unit, and an outlet valve is provided at the outlet, which is connected to a control unit.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid storage tank is configured as a flat structure with a cavity, the liquid storage tank has an upper surface for passive heat dissipation, and a first temperature sensor is provided on the upper surface of the liquid storage tank. The first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the upper surface of the liquid storage tank and send a temperature signal to the control unit.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the heat dissipation channel is configured as a flat structure with a cavity, and a second temperature sensor is provided in the heat dissipation channel. The second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the heat dissipation channel and send a temperature signal to the control unit.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the heat dissipation channel includes a first channel located in the lower half of the heat dissipation channel. The lower surface of the first channel is connected to a coil winding. The first channel connects a liquid storage tank and a heat dissipation ring. The first channel is used for liquid to flow from the liquid storage tank to the heat dissipation ring.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the heat dissipation channel includes a second channel located in the upper half of the heat dissipation channel. The second channel connects the liquid storage tank and the heat dissipation ring, and is used for liquid to flow from the heat dissipation ring to the liquid storage tank.

[0013] A preferred technical solution further includes a bridging channel, which includes a main connection port and sub-connection ports. The main connection port is used to connect to the liquid storage tank, and the multiple sub-connection ports are used to connect to the heat dissipation channels of multiple shaded-pole motors.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the axial position of the main connection port along the rotor is set higher than the axial position of the sub-connection port along the rotor, and the axial position of the sub-connection port along the rotor is set higher than the axial position of the heat dissipation channel along the rotor.

[0015] This application discloses a shaded-pole motor with adaptive heat dissipation regulation, which has the following advantages: This invention, by incorporating a control unit, a temperature sensor, and a controllable drain port, enables the motor to seamlessly switch between an efficient internal circulation cooling mode and a powerful external circulation cooling mode based on its real-time temperature. This design completely changes the passive and singular cooling method of traditional shaded-pole motors, avoiding the waste of cooling capacity under light loads and ensuring timely activation of efficient cooling under harsh conditions such as heavy loads and high temperatures. This prevents the motor from burning out due to overheating, significantly extends the motor's service life, and improves the reliability and safety of system operation.

[0016] Under normal operating conditions, the system only needs to run in a low-power or zero-power internal circulation mode, and only activates the higher-power external circulation mode when the temperature exceeds a threshold. This on-demand cooling strategy significantly reduces average energy consumption compared to traditional solutions that always run forced air cooling or water cooling. It allows the motor system to operate in a highly efficient and energy-saving manner for most of its working time, which aligns with the current industrial development trend of energy conservation and emission reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0018] Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a side view of an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this application, but not all embodiments.

[0021] Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the shaded-pole motor with adaptive heat dissipation control described in this application mainly includes a housing 1, a stator core, coil windings 2 and a rotor 3 mounted thereon, and a core adaptive heat dissipation system. The core of the adaptive heat dissipation system is a fluid circulation path based on phase change heat transfer. This system includes a heat dissipation ring 4 tightly covering the outer surface of the rotor 3. The heat dissipation ring 4 is preferably made of a copper alloy or aluminum alloy with high thermal conductivity, and its inner wall is in good contact with the surface of the rotor 3 to efficiently absorb the heat generated during rotor operation. The heat dissipation ring 4 is connected to a liquid storage tank 6 through a heat dissipation channel 5, thus forming a complete circulation loop. In this embodiment, the heat dissipation channel 5 is designed as a flat structure with a cavity, tightly attached to the end face of the coil windings 2, so that it can effectively remove the Joule heat generated by the coil windings 2 when fluid flows through it.

[0023] To achieve intelligent control of the heat dissipation mode, a drain port is provided at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 6. This drain port preferably includes an inlet 7 and an outlet 8. Both the inlet 7 and the outlet 8 are electrically connected to a control unit. In this embodiment, the control unit can be a PLC, a microcontroller, or a dedicated control circuit. The control unit can drive the inlet valve 71 located at the inlet 7 and the outlet valve 81 located at the outlet 8, causing them to open or close synchronously.

[0024] When the motor is starting, under light load, or in a low ambient temperature state, the control unit issues a command to close the inlet valve 71 and the outlet valve 81. At this time, the entire heat dissipation system forms a closed internal circulation loop. The deionized water, coolant, and other cooling media in the reservoir 6 exchange heat with the rotor through the heat dissipation ring 4 and the coil through the heat dissipation channel 5. As a result, their density decreases and they rise, while the cooler media sinks to replenish them. Through natural convection, they continuously circulate within the loop, evenly dissipating internal heat and partially dissipating it through the upper surface of the reservoir 6. This mode has low energy consumption and can meet basic heat dissipation requirements.

[0025] When the motor enters a heavy-load, long-term operation, or high-temperature environment, its internal temperature continuously rises. At this time, the control unit issues a command to simultaneously open the inlet valve 71 and the outlet valve 81. The drain port then connects to an external circulation system. In this embodiment, the external circulation system can be a forced cooling system including a pump, radiator, and fan. The external circulation system pumps externally cooled working fluid into the inlet 7, driving the working fluid to flow through the entire loop, forcibly removing heat, and then draws the heated working fluid back into the external circulation system from the outlet 8 for further cooling. This mode provides high heat dissipation power and can quickly cope with the high-temperature conditions of the motor.

[0026] A first temperature sensor 11 is disposed on the upper surface 61 of the liquid storage tank 6. The liquid storage tank 6 itself is designed as a flat structure with a cavity, and its wide upper surface 61 is conducive to passive heat dissipation. The first temperature sensor 11 is used to monitor the overall temperature of the liquid storage tank 6, and its temperature signal is sent to the control unit. When the temperature is below a first threshold, for example, 60°C, the system maintains internal circulation; when the temperature reaches or exceeds the first threshold, the control unit can determine that internal circulation alone is insufficient and prepare to start external circulation.

[0027] To further improve response speed, a second temperature sensor 12 is installed on the heat dissipation channel 5 to directly monitor the temperature of the coil winding 2 area. Its signal is also sent to the control unit. When the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 12 reaches a higher second threshold, such as 80°C, the control unit will immediately activate the external circulation mode to ensure that critical components are not damaged by overheating.

[0028] Regarding the internal flow channel design of the heat dissipation channel 5, in a preferred embodiment, the heat dissipation channel 5 is internally divided into a first channel 51 and a second channel 52. The first channel 51 is located in the lower half of the heat dissipation channel 5, and its lower surface is in direct contact with the coil winding 2. The first channel 51 connects the lower outlet of the liquid storage tank 6 and the bottom inlet of the heat dissipation ring 4, and mainly undertakes the task of conveying the cooling working fluid from the liquid storage tank 6 to the heat dissipation ring 4. The second channel 52 is located in the upper half of the heat dissipation channel 5, and it connects the top outlet of the heat dissipation ring 4 and the upper return port of the liquid storage tank 6. The working fluid, whose temperature rises and density decreases after being heated, will naturally flow back from the second channel 52 to the liquid storage tank 6. This flow channel design utilizing thermodynamic principles can significantly enhance the flow driving force of the fluid and improve the heat dissipation efficiency in the pump-free internal circulation mode.

[0029] For applications involving multiple motors working in tandem, this invention also includes a bridging channel 13. The bridging channel 13 has a main connection port 131 and multiple sub-connection ports 132. The main connection port 131 is connected to the liquid storage tank 6 via a pipeline. The multiple sub-connection ports 132 are connected to the heat dissipation channels 5 of multiple shaded-pole motors via pipelines. With this structure, a single external circulation system can provide centralized cooling for multiple shaded-pole motors, significantly saving cost and floor space.

[0030] To ensure that the cooling medium within the bridging channel 13 can be smoothly distributed to each sub-motor by gravity, the main connection port 131 is positioned axially above the axial positions of all sub-connection ports 132 along the rotor 3. Simultaneously, the axial position of each sub-connection port 132 is positioned above the highest point of the heat dissipation channel 5 of each shaded-pole motor it connects to. This liquid level design ensures smooth flow of the working medium, avoids air blockage, and guarantees the uniformity and reliability of cooling throughout the multi-motor system.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0032] Moreover, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0033] In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0034] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A shaded-pole motor with adaptive heat dissipation control, comprising a housing, wherein coil windings and a rotor are disposed within the housing, wherein, The rotor is covered with a heat dissipation ring for cooling the rotor. The heat dissipation ring is connected to a heat dissipation channel that passes through the coil winding and is used for cooling the coil winding. The heat dissipation channel is connected to a liquid storage tank with a drain port. The drain port is connected to a control unit. The drain port has a closed position, which the control unit controls to close for internal circulation cooling of the shaded-pole motor. The drain port also has an open position, which is connected to an external circulation machine. The control unit controls to open the drain port for external circulation cooling of the shaded-pole motor.

2. The shaded-pole motor with adaptive heat dissipation control according to claim 1, wherein, The drain outlet includes an inlet and an outlet. When the drain outlet is closed, the inlet and outlet are closed simultaneously. When the drain outlet is open, the inlet and outlet are opened simultaneously.

3. The shaded-pole motor with adaptive heat dissipation control according to claim 2, wherein, An inlet valve is provided at the inlet, and the inlet valve is connected to a control unit. An outlet valve is provided at the outlet, and the outlet valve is connected to a control unit.

4. The shaded-pole motor with adaptive heat dissipation control according to claim 1, wherein, The liquid storage tank is configured as a flat structure with a cavity. The liquid storage tank has an upper surface for passive heat dissipation. A first temperature sensor is provided on the upper surface of the liquid storage tank. The first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the upper surface of the liquid storage tank and send a temperature signal to the control unit.

5. The shaded-pole motor with adaptive heat dissipation control according to claim 1, wherein, The heat dissipation channel is configured as a flat structure with a cavity. A second temperature sensor is provided in the heat dissipation channel to detect the temperature of the heat dissipation channel and send a temperature signal to the control unit.

6. The shaded-pole motor with adaptive heat dissipation control according to claim 1, wherein, The heat dissipation channel includes a first channel located in the lower half of the heat dissipation channel. The lower surface of the first channel is connected to the coil winding. The first channel connects the liquid storage tank and the heat dissipation ring. The first channel is used for liquid to flow from the liquid storage tank to the heat dissipation ring.

7. The shaded-pole motor with adaptive heat dissipation control according to claim 1, wherein, The heat dissipation channel includes a second channel, which is located in the upper part of the heat dissipation channel. The second channel connects the liquid storage tank and the heat dissipation ring, and is used for liquid to flow from the heat dissipation ring to the liquid storage tank.

8. The shaded-pole motor with adaptive heat dissipation control according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes a bridging channel, which includes a main connection port and sub-connection ports. The main connection port is used to connect to the liquid storage tank, and the multiple sub-connection ports are used to connect to the heat dissipation channels of multiple shaded-pole motors.

9. The shaded-pole motor with adaptive heat dissipation control according to claim 8, wherein, The position of the main connection port along the rotor axial direction is set higher than the position of the sub-connection port along the rotor axial direction, and the position of the sub-connection port along the rotor axial direction is set higher than the position of the heat dissipation channel along the rotor axial direction.

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