Mine living quarter sewage treatment method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mine sewage discharge, and discloses a mine living quarter sewage treatment method. Comprising the following steps: guiding sewage generated in a living quarter to a pretreatment tank for pretreatment; the pretreated sewage is guided into a grating adjusting tank, and a water quality judgment node outputs a sewage flowing path based on a pre-input mining shift and collected rainfall intensity water quality parameters; the sewage is guided, residual sludge generated in the sewage treatment process enters a sludge tank, and the treated sludge is conveyed to a mine goaf for filling; the paths include high-pollution paths, medium-pollution paths, and low-pollution paths. According to the optimized process, dynamic treatment paths adaptive to different working conditions are triggered by combining mining shift rules with scene association type water quality judgment nodes of rainfall intensity, shift adjustment is responded in advance according to a production scheduling system, and it is ensured that sewage reaches the standard and is stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine wastewater discharge, and specifically to a method for treating wastewater in mine living areas. Background Technology

[0002] Existing wastewater treatment processes are basically fixed. Some suspended solids and organic matter are removed in the pretreatment tank. After the water quality and quantity are equalized in the bar screen equalization tank, the water enters the anaerobic tank, anoxic tank, and aerobic biological contact oxidation tank for biochemical degradation in sequence. Then, the mud and water are separated in the MBR tank to ensure the clarity of the effluent. Finally, the water is discharged after ultraviolet disinfection.

[0003] Mine wastewater has significant characteristics that distinguish it from wastewater from conventional residential areas. On the one hand, in addition to conventional pollutants, the wastewater also carries heavy metal ions and a large amount of mine silt due to surface runoff from mine slag heaps and dust deposition from mining operations. Conventional wastewater treatment processes lack dedicated removal units for heavy metals, and conventional bar screens can only intercept a small amount of floating matter, failing to efficiently separate mine silt, which can easily lead to blockage of subsequent biological treatment units and the risk of heavy metal contamination. On the other hand, the quality and quantity of wastewater are strongly correlated with the mine's production conditions. Peak water usage occurs after the morning and evening shifts, causing a surge in wastewater load. During the rainy season, the leaching of silt and heavy metals from mine slag heaps increases, further exacerbating water quality fluctuations. The fixed processes of conventional technologies cannot dynamically adapt to such fluctuations, easily leading to decreased efficiency of the biological treatment system and unstable effluent indicators. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for treating sewage in mining living areas to solve the above problems.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for treating wastewater in mining living areas, comprising: Wastewater generated in the living area is diverted to a pretreatment pond for pretreatment; The pretreated wastewater is diverted into a bar screen regulating tank, which integrates a slag heap sediment interception component. A water quality assessment node is set at the outlet of the bar screen regulating tank. The water quality assessment node outputs the wastewater flow path based on the pre-input mining shift and collected rainfall intensity water quality parameters. According to the output path, the diverted sewage sequentially enters the corresponding anaerobic tank, anoxic tank or aerobic biological contact oxidation tank, and then the sewage enters the MBR tank for sludge-water separation. The excess sludge generated during the wastewater treatment process enters the sludge pond, and the treated sludge is transported to the mining subsidence area for filling. The wastewater flow path is achieved by switching the water flow through an intelligent valve system. The intelligent valve system is connected to the bar screen equalization tank, pretreatment tank, and subsequent anaerobic tank, anoxic tank, and aerobic biological contact oxidation tank. The path includes a high-pollution path, a medium-pollution path, and a low-pollution path.

[0006] As an optional approach, the water quality assessment node, based on pre-input mining shifts and collected rainfall intensity water quality parameters, outputs the wastewater flow path, including: When the rainfall intensity in the mine slag yard area is greater than or equal to the preset value at a preset time after the end of the morning or evening mining shift, it is determined to be a high-pollution condition in the mine during the rainy season, triggering the high-pollution path in the mine during the rainy season. When the mining is in a regular operation period and the rainfall intensity is less than the preset value, it is determined to be a regular mining period condition, triggering the pollution path during the regular mining period; When mining is in its off-season and there is no rainfall, it is considered a mining off-season operating condition, triggering the mining off-season low-pollution pathway.

[0007] As an alternative approach, the high-pollution pathway in mines during the rainy season involves wastewater passing through a screen equalization tank and then entering the tailings modification and adsorption section, followed by the anaerobic tank and the anoxic tank, and finally the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank. During the conventional mining period, the pollution pathway is that wastewater passes through a screen equalization tank and then directly enters an anoxic tank. The anoxic tank contains biological carriers prepared from mine tailings, which then enter an aerobic biological contact oxidation tank. During the off-season, the low-pollution pathway for wastewater in mines involves passing it through a screen equalization tank and then directly into an aerobic biological contact oxidation tank.

[0008] As an alternative approach, the adsorbent material in the modified adsorption section of mine tailings is prepared by activating mine tailings at high temperature.

[0009] As an alternative, the sludge interception component in the bar screen regulating pool is an inclined settling plate.

[0010] As an alternative approach, the biological carrier prepared from mine tailings in the anoxic pond is a porous carrier formed by granulation and sintering of mine tailings, with the surface of the carrier used to attach denitrifying microorganisms.

[0011] As an alternative, the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank is equipped with wound heat exchange tubes as a waste heat recovery component in the mine. The heat source for the heat exchange tubes comes from the cooling wastewater of the mining equipment, and the heat exchange tubes are used to regulate the temperature of the wastewater in the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank.

[0012] As an alternative, the intelligent valve system is electrically connected to the production scheduling system of the mine area to receive scheduling shift information.

[0013] As an alternative, after the adsorption material in the modified adsorption section of mine tailings is saturated, desorption is performed using the treated tailings of mine beneficiation wastewater.

[0014] As an alternative, a temperature sensor is installed at the outlet of the heat exchange tube of the mine waste heat recovery component to adjust the suitable temperature for microorganisms in the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The optimized method of this invention triggers dynamic processing paths adapted to different working conditions by combining the mining shift pattern with the rainfall intensity scenario-related water quality judgment node, and links the mining area production scheduling system to respond in advance to shift adjustments, ensuring that the sewage meets the standards and remains stable. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wastewater treatment method for mining living areas according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been presented in the various embodiments of the present invention to enable the reader to better understand the present invention. However, the technical solutions claimed in the present invention can be implemented even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment uses a vanadium-titanium mine as an example to describe the solution. Various types of domestic wastewater generated in the mine's living area, such as kitchen washing wastewater, bathing wastewater, laundry wastewater, and toilet flushing wastewater, are uniformly diverted to a pretreatment tank through a pre-installed wastewater pipeline network within the plant. The pretreatment tank can be a septic tank, configured with a conventional three-stage sedimentation structure. Suspended solids larger than 1mm in diameter are removed from the wastewater through gravity sedimentation, while anaerobic microorganisms within the tank preliminarily decompose easily degradable organic matter such as starch and grease.

[0019] After pretreatment, the wastewater enters the bar screen regulating tank by gravity. In this embodiment, the bar screen regulating tank is equipped with sedimentation plates as a sediment interception component, based on the original process. As an optional method, the sedimentation plates are installed at an angle of 30-45 degrees in the middle of the bar screen regulating tank, with a plate spacing of 5-8mm. This not only intercepts the sediment from the mine slag heap mixed with the wastewater, but also guides the sediment to slide down the plates to the sand collection trough at the bottom of the tank. The bottom of the sand collection trough is equipped with an electric sand discharge valve, which is opened at regular intervals each day to discharge the intercepted sediment into a dedicated sand hopper. After being rinsed with clean water to remove attached organic matter, the sediment can be directly used for paving temporary roads in the mining area, realizing the resource utilization of sediment. At the same time, the bar screen regulating tank retains the original process's level sensor and stirring device. The level sensor monitors the water level in the tank in real time. When the water level is higher than the design upper limit, the stirring device is automatically activated to accelerate water quality homogenization and avoid water quality stratification caused by concentrated water use during mining shifts.

[0020] A water quality assessment node is installed at the outlet pipe of the bar screen equalization tank. Its hardware composition and operating logic are as follows: The node integrates a multi-parameter sensor group, a data processing module, and a communication module. The multi-parameter sensor group includes a COD sensor and a suspended solids sensor installed at the outlet of the bar screen regulating tank, and a tipping bucket rain gauge installed around the mine slag yard. It connects to the mine production scheduling system via an RS485 communication interface, enabling real-time acquisition of pre-input mining shift information (morning and evening shifts, off-season shutdowns, statutory holidays, and annual maintenance periods). The data processing module uses a PLC controller, receiving and analyzing data collected by the sensors every 5 minutes. Preset judgment thresholds are set based on the characteristics of mine wastewater: in a selectable vanadium-titanium mine, rainfall intensity ≥5mm / h is the high rainfall threshold, COD ≥500mg / L and suspended solids ≥300mg / L are the high pollution water quality thresholds, and 1-2 hours after the end of the morning or evening mining shift is the concentrated water usage period threshold. The communication module uses a wireless module, which can convert the judgment results into path commands and send them to the intelligent valve system in real time. Simultaneously, the current operating status, real-time parameters, and output path are displayed on the node's local touchscreen, facilitating real-time monitoring and manual intervention by maintenance personnel.

[0021] The switching of the wastewater flow path is achieved through an intelligent valve system, which is electrically connected to the original process piping system. The intelligent valve system consists of an electric butterfly valve assembly, a valve controller, and a status feedback module.

[0022] The electric butterfly valve assembly consists of five core valves, installed on the pipelines from the bar screen equalization tank to the mine tailings modification and adsorption section, from the bar screen equalization tank to the anoxic tank, from the bar screen equalization tank to the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank, from the mine tailings modification and adsorption section to the anaerobic tank, and from the anoxic tank to the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank. The valves are made of stainless steel, with nominal diameters matched to the corresponding pipelines. The controller is connected to the PLC controller at the water quality assessment node via wired communication to receive three types of commands: high-pollution path, medium-pollution path, and low-pollution path. The controller completes valve action within 10 seconds of receiving the command. For example, when receiving a high-pollution path command, the controller opens the valves from the bar screen equalization tank to the mine tailings modification and adsorption section, from the mine tailings modification and adsorption section to the anaerobic tank, from the anaerobic tank to the anoxic tank, and from the anoxic tank to the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank, while simultaneously closing the valves from the bar screen equalization tank to the anoxic tank and from the bar screen equalization tank to the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank. The status feedback module has a built-in position sensor; after each valve action, it feeds back the fully open / closed or fault status to the water quality assessment node. In addition, the intelligent valve system is also directly electrically connected to the mining area production scheduling system via a wireless module. As an optional method, when the scheduling system issues a mining shift adjustment instruction, the valve controller is pre-programmed to adjust the valve's standby state in advance, reducing the water flow impact during path switching and ensuring seamless connection with changes in mining conditions.

[0023] Based on the instructions from the water quality assessment node, the wastewater enters three treatment paths adapted to the mining conditions: When the node determines that it is 1-2 hours after the end of the morning or evening mining shift, the rainfall intensity is ≥5mm / h, and the COD is ≥500mg / L, the high-pollution path for the mining rainy season is triggered. After passing through the bar screen regulating tank, the wastewater first enters the mine tailings modification and adsorption section—this adsorption section is a cylindrical adsorption column, and the adsorption material filled inside is prepared from the mine beneficiation tailings. This water conservancy facility provides a preparation process as follows: crushing the beneficiation tailings to a fineness of 200 mesh, activating it in a high-temperature furnace at 800℃ for 2 hours, and then cooling it and reacting it with 5% calcium hydroxide. Solution mixing and granulation significantly improve the adsorption capacity of this modified adsorbent material for vanadium and titanium ions in wastewater. Wastewater flows through the adsorption column from top to bottom, with a contact time controlled at 30 minutes to ensure a vanadium and titanium ion removal rate of ≥90%. The adsorbed wastewater then sequentially enters an anaerobic tank and an anoxic tank. The anaerobic tank maintains the original anaerobic environment design, with dissolved oxygen controlled below 0.2 mg / L. Methanogenic bacteria degrade organic matter into carbon dioxide and water, while releasing phosphorus from the wastewater. The dissolved oxygen in the anoxic tank is controlled at 0.5-1 mg / L, where denitrifying bacteria convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrogen gas. When the node determines that it is during the regular mining operation period, with rainfall intensity <5mm / h and COD 300-500mg / L, the pollution path during the regular mining period is triggered. Wastewater directly enters the anoxic tank after passing through the bar screen equalization tank. In this embodiment, a biological carrier prepared from mine tailings is added to the anoxic tank, and its surface is covered with denitrifying microorganisms such as Pseudomonas, which can significantly improve denitrification efficiency. The treated wastewater then enters the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank. When the node determines that it is during the off-season of mining, with no rainfall and COD <300mg / L, the low-pollution path during the off-season of mining is triggered. Wastewater directly enters the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank after passing through the bar screen equalization tank, without passing through the anaerobic tank and the anoxic tank, reducing treatment steps and lowering energy consumption.

[0024] The aerobic biological contact oxidation tank is also equipped with spiral heat exchange tubes, which are spirally wound around the outside of the packing layer inside the aerobic tank. The inlet end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the cooling wastewater discharge port of mining equipment such as crushers and ball mills through a pipe, and the outlet end is connected to the mining area's circulating water pool. The temperature of the cooling wastewater from the mining equipment is usually 40-50℃. It is pumped to the heat exchange tube to exchange heat with the wastewater in the aerobic tank and regulate the wastewater temperature. A temperature sensor is installed at the outlet of the heat exchange tube. When the temperature is lower than the lower limit suitable for microorganisms, the temperature sensor sends a signal to the pump controller to increase the pump flow rate to improve heat exchange efficiency. When the temperature is higher than the upper limit suitable for microorganisms, the pump flow rate is reduced to ensure that the microorganisms in the aerobic tank are always in the optimal activity state.

[0025] Wastewater treated in the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank is diverted into the MBR tank for sludge-water separation. The MBR tank can be set up in a conventional manner, but the effluent from the MBR tank needs to be transported to an ultraviolet disinfection unit through pipelines. After disinfection, if the effluent quality meets the standards, it will be directly discharged into the receiving water bodies around the mining area.

[0026] During wastewater treatment, excess sludge from anaerobic tanks, anoxic tanks, aerobic biological contact oxidation tanks, and MBR tanks is uniformly pumped to a sludge tank. The sludge in the sludge tank is first dewatered using a plate and frame filter press. Mining tailings powder is added to the dewatered sludge as a solidifying agent, and after thorough mixing, the mixture is allowed to settle in a solidification tank. Finally, the solidified sludge blocks are transported by mining trucks to the mining goaf area for harmless treatment. This utilizes the goaf filling needs to achieve sludge resource utilization, replacing the original method of transporting sludge for external disposal and reducing disposal costs.

[0027] Furthermore, if the adsorption section of the tailings modification adsorption unit becomes saturated, desorption treatment can be performed using the tailings from the mine beneficiation wastewater. The desorption liquid is the sulfuric acid tailings from the vanadium and titanium recovery process after the beneficiation wastewater is extracted. It is sprayed from top to bottom into the adsorption column using a spray device. The desorbed adsorption material is rinsed with clean water, dried, and then refilled into the adsorption section for recycling. The vanadium-titanium-containing desorption liquid generated during the desorption process is transported through pipelines to the extraction section of the mine beneficiation workshop, where it is mixed with fresh beneficiation wastewater for vanadium and titanium recovery, thus realizing the recycling of mineral resources.

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for treating wastewater in a mining residential area, characterized in that, include: Wastewater generated in the living area is diverted to a pretreatment pond for pretreatment; The pretreated wastewater is diverted into a bar screen regulating tank, which integrates a mine slag yard sediment interception component. A water quality judgment node is set at the outlet of the bar screen regulating tank. The water quality judgment node outputs the wastewater flow path based on the pre-input mining shift and collected rainfall intensity water quality parameters. According to the output path, the diverted sewage sequentially enters the corresponding anaerobic tank, anoxic tank or aerobic biological contact oxidation tank, and then the sewage enters the MBR tank for sludge-water separation. The excess sludge generated during the wastewater treatment process enters the sludge pond, and the treated sludge is transported to the mining subsidence area for filling. The wastewater flow path is switched through an intelligent valve system, which is connected to the bar screen regulating tank, pretreatment tank, and subsequent anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic biological contact oxidation tanks. The path includes a high-pollution path, a medium-pollution path, and a low-pollution path.

2. The method for treating wastewater in a mining residential area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water quality assessment node, based on pre-input mining shifts and collected rainfall intensity water quality parameters, outputs the wastewater flow path including: When the rainfall intensity in the mine slag yard area is greater than or equal to the preset value at a preset time after the end of the morning or evening mining shift, it is determined to be a high-pollution condition in the mine during the rainy season, triggering the high-pollution path in the mine during the rainy season. When the mining is in a regular operation period and the rainfall intensity is less than the preset value, it is determined to be a regular mining period condition, triggering the pollution path during the regular mining period; When mining is in its off-season and there is no rainfall, it is considered a mining off-season operating condition, triggering the mining off-season low-pollution pathway.

3. The method for treating wastewater in a mining residential area according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-pollution pathway in the mine during the rainy season is as follows: wastewater enters the tailings modification and adsorption section after passing through the bar screen equalization tank, then enters the anaerobic tank and the anoxic tank in sequence, and finally enters the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank. During the conventional mining period, the pollution path is that the wastewater enters the anoxic tank directly after passing through the bar screen equalization tank. The anoxic tank is equipped with a biological carrier made from mine tailings, and then enters the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank. The low-pollution pathway during the off-season in the mine involves wastewater passing through a bar screen regulating tank and then directly entering an aerobic biological contact oxidation tank.

4. The method for treating wastewater in a mining residential area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption material of the modified adsorption section of the mine tailings is prepared by high-temperature activation of mine tailings.

5. A method for treating wastewater in a mining residential area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag heap sediment interception component in the grid regulating pool is an inclined sedimentation plate.

6. A method for treating wastewater in a mining residential area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biological carrier prepared from the mine tailings in the anoxic pool is a porous carrier formed by granulation and sintering of the mine tailings, and the surface of the carrier is used to attach denitrifying microorganisms.

7. A method for treating wastewater in a mining residential area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aerobic biological contact oxidation tank is equipped with a spiral heat exchange tube as a waste heat recovery component in the mine. The heat source of the heat exchange tube comes from the cooling wastewater of the mining equipment. The heat exchange tube is used to regulate the temperature of the wastewater in the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank.

8. A method for treating wastewater in a mining residential area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent valve system is electrically connected to the production scheduling system of the mine area and receives scheduling shift information.

9. A method for treating wastewater in a mining residential area according to claim 3, characterized in that, After the adsorption material in the modified adsorption section of the mine tailings is saturated, desorption is performed using the treated tailings of the mine beneficiation wastewater.

10. A method for treating wastewater in a mining residential area according to claim 7, characterized in that, A temperature sensor is installed at the outlet of the heat exchange tube of the waste heat recovery component in the mine to adjust the suitable temperature for microorganisms in the aerobic biological contact oxidation tank.

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