Laminated assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a laminated assembly and a vehicle. A shielding area is arranged on the edge of a dimming function layer causing the optical distortion phenomenon, the setting width of the shielding area is in positive correlation with the optical distortion degree, namely, the setting width of the shielding area is in positive correlation with the maximum height difference of electrode positions on the edge of the dimming function layer, and the optical distortion level Z for constraining and representing the optical distortion degree of the edge of the dimming function layer is smaller than 9%. According to the laminated assembly based on the design, the edge of the dimming function layer generating the optical distortion phenomenon is basically covered by the shielding area, the optical distortion of the edge of the laminated assembly is not obvious or invisible under the condition that naked eyes see the edge, and the optical distortion visual presentation problem of traditional dimming glass is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicle light control glass, in particular to a laminated assembly and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of light control technology in recent years, light control glass is applied to more vehicle models. The function of light control film is realized by the transmission of electrical signals of electrodes. However, there is a height difference in the design of electrodes. Therefore, after the light control film and the glass are combined, the unevenness of the edge where the electrode is located will cause the refractive index to be inconsistent when the light passes through, resulting in optical distortion and visual appearance defects of the light control glass. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a laminated assembly and a vehicle capable of improving the appearance defects of optical effects.

[0004] In an exemplary embodiment, a laminated assembly is provided, comprising a laminated first transparent substrate, a light control functional layer, and a second transparent substrate.

[0005] An electrode is arranged at the edge of the light control functional layer, and the light control functional layer has a height difference at different positions of the electrode. The edge of the target side of the laminated assembly is provided with a shielding area, and the target side includes the side provided with the electrode.

[0006] The light distortion level of the laminated assembly is less than 9%, and the light distortion level of the laminated assembly is:

[0007] Z=△h / △d*100%,

[0008] Wherein, Z is the light distortion level, △h is the maximum height difference of the electrode at different positions of the same side, △d is the width of the electrode on the edge of the light control functional layer covered by the shielding area, and the units of △h and △d are mm.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate have the same area and are arranged in alignment, the light control functional layer is recessed in the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate to form a edge-filling area around the light control functional layer, and the edge-filling area is provided with a bonding edge-filling layer.

[0010] Wherein, △d=w-d, and △d>0.

[0011] w is the distance between the edge of the shielding area close to the light control functional layer and the edge of the first transparent substrate, and d is the width of the bonding edge-filling layer covered by the shielding area.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, the width of the shielding area is greater than the width of the adhesive edge-filling layer covered by the shielding area, and the width of the shielding area ranges from 15 mm to 70 mm, and the width of the adhesive edge-filling layer covered by the shielding area is greater than 5 mm.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment, the maximum height difference between different positions of the electrode on the same side is less than or equal to 0.25 mm.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, at least one set of opposite edges of the light control functional layer is provided with an electrode, and the width difference of a set of adhesive edge-filling layers opposite and provided with an electrode is less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment, 1.5d≤w≤3d.

[0016] In an exemplary embodiment, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are glass plates.

[0017] In an exemplary embodiment, the laminated assembly is a side window, and the edge of the laminated assembly in the area above the water tangent line is provided with the shielding area.

[0018] In an exemplary embodiment, the two symmetrical sides of the laminated assembly correspond to the same Z.

[0019] In an exemplary embodiment, a vehicle is provided, comprising the laminated assembly described above.

[0020] The laminated assembly and the vehicle described above have at least the following beneficial effects: by providing a shielding area at the edge of the light control functional layer causing light distortion, the setting width of the shielding area is positively correlated with the degree of light distortion, that is, positively correlated with the maximum height difference of the electrode position at the edge of the light control functional layer, and the light distortion level Z representing the degree of light distortion at the edge of the light control functional layer is less than 9%. Based on the laminated assembly designed in this way, the edge of the light control functional layer causing light distortion is basically or completely covered by the shielding area, and the light distortion at the edge of the laminated assembly is not obvious or invisible to the naked eye, which improves the visual presentation problem of light distortion of traditional light control glass. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a stacked assembly of an embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of electrode distribution of an EC dimming function layer of an embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a shielding area design of a stacked assembly of an embodiment;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a shielding area design of a stacked assembly of another embodiment;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of optical test results of a stacked assembly in a test example;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of optical test results of a stacked assembly in another test example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] For the purposes of this application, reference will be made to the accompanying drawings in which embodiments of the application are illustrated. The application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and fully convey the scope of the application to those skilled in the art.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0030] As such Figure 1Taking the stacked component structure shown as an example, the stacked component includes, from top to bottom, a first transparent substrate 1, a first adhesive layer 2, a dimming functional layer 3, an adhesive edge-filling layer 4, a second adhesive layer 5, and a second transparent substrate 6. Both the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 6 are glass plates. The dimming functional layer 3 includes a dimming film, which is generally a dye liquid crystal layer (LC), a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (PDLC), a nano-dimming layer (SPD), or an electrochromic layer (EC), etc. The first adhesive layer 2 and the second adhesive layer 5 can be the same size and aligned with the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 6. The adhesive edge-filling layer 4 fills the area of ​​the dimming functional layer 3 that is smaller than the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 6 (the edge-filling area), sealing the dimming functional layer 3 and preventing it from being contaminated by moisture, dust, etc., in the air, thereby improving the service life of the dimming functional layer 3. The thickness of the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 6 ranges from 1.0 to 4.0 mm, preferably from 1.6 to 2.5 mm. The thickness of the first adhesive layer 2 and the second adhesive layer 5 ranges from 0.38 to 1.14 mm, preferably from 0.38 to 0.76 mm. The materials of the first adhesive layer 2 and the second adhesive layer 5 can be PVB (polyvinyl butyral), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), PU (polyurethane), POE (polyolefin elastomer), etc. The materials of the first adhesive layer 2 and the second adhesive layer 5 can be the same or different; preferably, the materials of the first adhesive layer 2 and the second adhesive layer 5 are the same. The electrodes of the dimming film in the dimming functional layer 3 are adjusted according to the different dimming types.

[0031] Taking EC dimming as an example, the electrode structure of EC is (taking a 300*300mm film as an example) (e.g.) Figure 2 As shown): A half-cut is made at each corner of the diaphragm M, and right-angled electrodes E1 are manually attached. Notches C are designed at intervals on the diaphragm M. Then, the upper and lower halves of notches C are further half-cut on the left and right sides respectively. Interval tape is applied to notches C, and then straight electrodes E2 are attached around the perimeter, partially covering the positions of the right-angled electrodes E1. Therefore, a height difference exists, with a maximum height difference Δh = h1 - h3. As described in the background section, due to the height difference between the electrodes (including E1 and E2), severe optical distortion occurs in the visible dimming area of ​​the dimming diaphragm.

[0032] Based on this, in an exemplary embodiment, a stacked component is provided, such as... Figure 1As shown, the laminated assembly includes a first transparent substrate 1, a light-adjusting functional layer 3, and a second transparent substrate 6. As shown Figure 2 As shown, the edge of the light-adjusting functional layer 3 is provided with an electrode, and the light-adjusting functional layer 3 has a height difference at different positions of the electrode; as shown Figure 3 As shown, the edge of the target side of the laminated assembly is provided with a shielding area, and the target side includes the side provided with the electrode. The light distortion level of the laminated assembly is less than 9%, and the light distortion level of the laminated assembly is:

[0033] Z = △h / △d*100%,

[0034] Wherein, Z is the light distortion level, △h is the maximum height difference of the electrode at different positions of the same side, △d is the width of the shielding area covering the edge of the electrode on the light-adjusting functional layer, the units of △h and △d are mm, and Z is a percentage.

[0035] As described above, the area where the light-adjusting functional layer 3 is provided with the electrode has a height difference, which will affect the angle of light incident to the edge area of the light-adjusting functional layer 3. The difference in incident angle leads to the light distortion phenomenon of the edge area of the light-adjusting functional layer 3. To solve this problem, the laminated assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application sets a shielding area on the edge of the electrode that causes the light distortion phenomenon. The setting width of the shielding area is positively correlated with the degree of light distortion, that is, it is positively correlated with the maximum height difference of the electrode position of the edge of the light-adjusting functional layer 3. The light distortion level Z representing the degree of light distortion of the edge of the light-adjusting functional layer 3 is less than 9%. Based on this design, the edge of the light-adjusting functional layer 3 that causes the light distortion phenomenon is basically covered by the shielding area. The light distortion of the edge of the laminated assembly is not obvious or invisible to the naked eye, which improves the visual presentation problem of the light distortion of the traditional light-adjusting glass.

[0036] In addition, the laminated assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application can be as narrow as possible under the condition of meeting the above light distortion level requirement, so as to ensure a large visible area and provide a large visible field of view and a large lighting range for users in a vehicle-mounted scene. The formation of the shielding area can be realized by printing a shielding material.

[0037] Wherein, the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 6 can be integrally formed, or can be bonded together with the light-adjusting functional layer 3 through a bonding layer.

[0038] Wherein, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate refer to substrates with light transmission and can provide certain support. For example, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate can be, but are not limited to, glass plates or polycarbonate (PC) plates.

[0039] In one embodiment, if the laminated component is automotive glass, the laminated component provided in this application does not require the use of the shielding area setting as described in the above embodiment in the area where the automotive glass is embedded in the vehicle sheet metal.

[0040] To address the problems in the background art, in an exemplary embodiment, a stacked component is provided, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the stacked assembly includes a first transparent substrate 1, a dimming functional layer 3, and a second transparent substrate 6, all stacked together. Figure 2 As shown, electrodes are provided along the edge of the dimming functional layer 3, and there is a height difference at different positions of the electrodes in the dimming functional layer 3; the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 6 have the same area and are aligned, and the dimming functional layer 3 is recessed within the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 6 to form a patching area around the dimming functional layer, and the patching area is provided with an adhesive patching layer 4. Figure 3 As shown, the target side edge of the stacked component has a shielding area, and the target side includes the side where the electrode is located. Where Z = △h / △d*100%, Z is the optical distortion level, △h is the maximum height difference between different positions of the electrode on the same side, and △d is the width of the shielding area covering the edge of the electrode on the dimming functional layer 3. △d = wd, which is the distance between the edge of the shielding area near the dimming functional layer 3 and the edge of the first transparent substrate 1, and d is the width of the adhesive patch layer 4 covered by the shielding area. △d > 0, meaning that in addition to covering the adhesive patch layer 4, the shielding area has remaining width to cover the area of ​​the dimming functional layer inside the adhesive patch layer 4, thus shielding the optical distortion phenomenon in that area and visually weakening or eliminating the optical distortion phenomenon.

[0041] The dimming layer 3 can be sealed by bonding the edge patch layer 4, protecting it from external contaminants and corrosion, and extending its service life. In this stacked assembly structure, the factors affecting the edge optical distortion of the dimming layer 3 mainly include the width of the shielding area covering the edge of the dimming layer 3, i.e., wd. The number of target sides can be one or more, depending on the electrode arrangement. For example, such as... Figure 4 As shown, electrodes are set on all four sides of the dimming functional layer 3. At this time, all four sides are the target side, and the masking area is set on these four sides (the width of the masking area is as shown). Figure 4 The widths of the adhesive patching layer 4 corresponding to each of the shielding areas, w1, w2, w3, and w4, are d1, d2, d3, and d4, respectively.

[0042] To address the problems in the background art, in an exemplary embodiment, a stacked component is provided, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a first transparent substrate 1, a dimming functional layer 3, and a second transparent substrate 6, all stacked together.Figure 2 As shown, electrodes are provided along the edge of the dimming functional layer 3, and the dimming functional layer has a height difference at different positions of the electrodes; the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 6 have the same area and are aligned, and the dimming functional layer 3 is recessed within the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 6 to form a patching area around the dimming functional layer 3, and the patching area is provided with an adhesive patching layer 4. Figure 3 As shown, the target side edge of the stacked assembly has a shielding area, and the target side includes the side where the electrode is located. The width of the shielding area is greater than the width of the adhesive patch layer 4 covered by the shielding area, and the width of the shielding area ranges from 15mm to 70mm, while the width of the adhesive patch layer 4 covered by the shielding area is greater than 5mm.

[0043] When the width of the adhesive patch layer 4 is greater than 5mm, the sealing effect of the adhesive patch layer 4 on the dimming functional layer 3 can be guaranteed. In addition, during the pressing of the stacked structure, it is beneficial to ensure the stability of the stacked structure. Furthermore, the width of the shielding area of ​​the stacked component is in the range of 15-70mm. At this time, the width of the shielding area is large enough, the denominator of the optical distortion level Z={△h / (wd)}*100% is large enough, and Z is small enough. At this time, the shielding area can cover the optical distortion range, making the optical distortion invisible. While ensuring that the dimming functional layer 3 is not invaded by moisture, the stacked component provided in this application embodiment can make the optical distortion at the edge of the stacked component invisible to the naked eye, effectively improving the visual presentation problem of optical distortion in traditional dimming glass.

[0044] In one exemplary embodiment, the maximum height difference between different positions of the electrodes on the same side is less than or equal to 0.25 mm. When the height difference exceeds 0.25 mm, the laminated assembly is prone to cracking. That is, the maximum height difference between different positions of the electrodes on the same side is less than or equal to 0.25 mm, which can ensure the structural stability of the laminated assembly.

[0045] Furthermore, the height difference between different positions of the electrodes on the same side of the dimming functional layer 3 should not be too large. As shown by the formula Z={△h / (wd)}*100%, if △h is too large, a wider shielding area is needed to solve the optical distortion problem when the width of the bonding patch layer 4 is constant, further compressing the visible area of ​​the stacked component. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, the maximum height difference between different positions of the electrodes on the same side of the dimming functional layer 3 is less than or equal to 0.25mm. Taking a width of 5mm for the bonding patch layer 4 as an example, a shielding area width of 7.8mm is sufficient to meet the 9% optical distortion level design requirement. That is, a narrow shielding area can be used to reduce or eliminate the optical distortion visual defects of the stacked component, balancing the improvement of optical distortion visual defects and the design requirements of a large visible area.

[0046] Taking a shading area width w equal to 15mm, an adhesive patch layer 4 width of approximately 5mm, and a maximum height difference of 0.25mm as an example, the optical distortion level is only about 2.5%. At this time, due to the existence of the shading area, the optical distortion phenomenon at the edge of the dimming function layer 3 is slight and not obvious to the naked eye.

[0047] Taking a shading area width w equal to 70mm, an adhesive patch layer 4 width of approximately 5mm, and a maximum height difference of 0.25mm as an example, the optical distortion level is only about 0.38%. At this time, the optical distortion phenomenon at the edge of the dimming function layer 3 is covered by the shading area and is not visible to the naked eye.

[0048] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the wider the width of the shading area covering the edge of the dimming functional layer 3, the better the improvement effect on optical distortion visual defects. However, the shading area will also compress more of the visible area. Therefore, those skilled in the art can make adaptive selections within the range of the above embodiments according to the application scenario.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment, at least one set of opposing edges of the dimming functional layer 3 are provided with electrodes, and the width difference of a set of adhesive patch layers 4 that are opposite to each other and all provided with electrodes is less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0050] In one exemplary embodiment, the Z-axis of the two symmetrical sides of the stacked component is consistent. In this case, the dimming functional layer exhibits good light consistency across different sides, improving the visual presentation. It should be noted that Z-consistency includes both completely equal Z-axis values ​​and Z-axis values ​​that are infinitely close to each other.

[0051] Specifically, by symmetrically designing the width of the bonding and patching layer 4 and symmetrically setting the shading areas on both sides, combined with the parameter range in the above embodiment, the light consistency of the dimming function layer on different sides can be improved, thereby improving the visual presentation effect.

[0052] The parameter limitation that the width of the adhesive patch layer 4 provided in this application embodiment is less than or equal to 1 mm can be arbitrarily combined with the above embodiments to achieve the following: the appearance of the stacked component is free of optical distortion defects and has optical consistency; the appearance of the optical distortion defects is slight to invisible and has optical consistency; or the appearance of the optical distortion defects is slight and has optical consistency.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment, at least one set of opposing edges of the dimming functional layer 3 are provided with electrodes, and the width difference of a set of adhesive patch layers 4 with opposing edges and electrodes is less than or equal to 1 mm, and 1.5d≤w≤3d. Taking the width w of the shielding area as 1.5 times the width d of the adhesive patch layer and the maximum height difference as 0.25 mm as an example, when the width of the adhesive patch layer 4 is greater than 5 mm, the optical distortion level is close to 9%. At this time, the optical distortion defect of the stacked component is slight and has optical uniformity.

[0054] Taking the width w of the shielding area as 3 times the width d of the adhesive patch layer 4 and the maximum height difference as 0.25mm as an example, when the width of the adhesive patch layer 4 is greater than 5mm, the optical distortion level is less than 2%. At this time, the optical distortion defect of the stacked module is slight to invisible and has optical consistency.

[0055] Therefore, the stacked components provided in this application embodiment, within the parameter range provided in this application embodiment, can achieve an appearance of stacked components with no optical distortion defects, slight and invisible optical distortion defects, or slight optical distortion defects but with consistency.

[0056] Furthermore, taking the EC dimming film used in the dimming functional layer 3 as an example, the electrodes of the EC dimming film have a certain width (approximately 7mm). If d is too small, moisture will penetrate, causing a 3-10mm failure in the inward area of ​​the electrodes. For EC, a width d greater than 10mm in the bonding and patching layer 4 can effectively prevent moisture intrusion. When 1.5d≤w≤3d, taking d as 10mm as an example, w is greater than 15mm, which can at least cover approximately 7mm of the electrodes and the 8mm failure area inwards, effectively shielding the electrodes and the failure area. When the laminated assembly is automotive glass, the width of the shielding area can cover the electrodes and the failure area, solving the problem of optical distortion in visual presentation.

[0057] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 6 are glass plates. In this case, the laminated assembly is a laminated glass product, which can provide dimming function and improve the optical distortion visual defects caused by the electrode height difference.

[0058] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the laminated assembly is a side window glass, and the target side of the laminated assembly has the shielding area at the edge of the region above the water tangent.

[0059] For the side window glass, the area below the water tangent is also obscured by the vehicle body when the side window glass is completely closed. Therefore, this visually invisible portion is not subject to the aforementioned shielding area design requirements. The shielding area can be created by creating a shielding area at the edge of the area above the water tangent on the target side of the laminated component, as described in the above embodiments (e.g., as...). Figure 3 The settings shown (w1, w2, w3) are used to ensure the improvement of visual defects caused by optical distortion in the visible area.

[0060] In one exemplary embodiment, omitting the shielding area below the waterline can save shielding material and improve processing efficiency.

[0061] In an exemplary embodiment, the dimming functional layer 3 includes a dimming film, which is a dye liquid crystal layer, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, a nano dimming layer, or an electrochromic layer.

[0062] When the dimming film is a dye liquid crystal layer, the dimming functional layer 3 also includes transparent conductive electrodes (such as ITO, silver nanowires, etc.) covering both sides of the dimming film. A low-frequency AC voltage is applied to the transparent conductive electrodes on both sides, and the resulting electric field acts on the liquid crystal molecules, driving them from disordered to ordered arrangement, and simultaneously driving the dye molecules to orient, thereby achieving transmittance adjustment.

[0063] When the dimming film is a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layer, the dimming functional layer 3 also includes a flexible transparent conductive film (such as PET-based ITO, AZO, etc.) covering both sides of the dimming film. An AC voltage is applied to generate an electric field, causing the molecules in the liquid crystal microdroplets to align in an oriented manner, matching the refractive index with the polymer, and eliminating scattering. This realizes the transition of the stacked component from a transparent to an opaque state, thereby achieving dimming control.

[0064] When the dimming film is a nano dimming layer, the dimming functional layer 3 also includes transparent conductive electrodes covering both sides of the dimming film. The transparent conductive electrodes on both sides are connected to a voltage to drive the nanoparticles to arrange themselves from disorder to order. When the particle arrangement direction is parallel to the light, the light transmittance is the highest; when disordered, the light transmittance is the lowest. Adjusting the voltage can achieve multi-level dimming.

[0065] When the dimming film is an electrochromic layer, the dimming functional layer 3 includes a first transparent electrode, an electrochromic layer, an ion conductor layer, an ion storage layer, and a second transparent electrode arranged in a stacked manner. A DC voltage is applied between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode. Under the voltage drive, electrons enter the electrochromic layer from the cathode through the transparent electrode, while ions are injected into the electrochromic layer from the ion storage layer through the ion conductor layer, causing the material to color. When the voltage is applied in the opposite direction, electrons and ions are extracted, and the material fades, thereby achieving the adjustment of light transmittance.

[0066] It should be noted that the stacked components provided in this application embodiment are also applicable to other dimming functional layers with electrodes, and will not be listed exhaustively here.

[0067] Within the parameter range provided in the above embodiments, in the application scenario of the laminated component as automotive glass, the laminated component can achieve the beneficial effects of no optical distortion visual defects, slight and invisible optical distortion defects, or slight optical distortion defects with consistency.

[0068] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the stacked assembly further includes a first adhesive layer 2 and a second adhesive layer 5. The first adhesive layer 2 is located between the first transparent substrate 1 and the dimming functional layer 3, and the second adhesive layer 5 is located between the second transparent substrate 6 and the dimming functional layer 3. The optional thickness and material of the adhesive layers can be found in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here. The first transparent substrate 1, the first adhesive layer 2, the dimming functional layer 3, the adhesive patch layer 4, the second adhesive layer 5, and the second transparent substrate 6 can be bonded together using a lamination process to form a stable stacked assembly structure.

[0069] Among them, the first adhesive layer 2 and the second adhesive layer 5 are transparent adhesive layers with light transmittance.

[0070] To better illustrate the beneficial effects of the stacked components provided in the embodiments of this application, examples are given below.

[0071] For example Figure 1 Taking the stacked component structure shown as an example, the dimming film is an electrochromic layer, and the first adhesive layer 2, the second adhesive layer 5, and the adhesive edge layer 4 can be PVB (polyvinyl butyral), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), PU (polyurethane), POE (polyolefin elastomer), etc. An "L" shape is cut out and printed on the shielding layer of the shielding area of ​​the first transparent substrate 1 (which can be an outer glass plate close to ambient light). Figure 3 The perforated printing shown in the figure is used to assist in the positioning of the film of the dimming functional layer.

[0072] The optical distortion level Z = {△h / (wd)} * 100%, Z ≥ 0, when Z is 0, there is no optical distortion; the larger Z is, the stronger the optical distortion, Z ≥ 9% is unacceptable, that is, severe distortion, therefore, the optical distortion level in this application test example is required to be less than 9%. Since the area below the water tangent is not visible to the user when loaded on a vehicle, in the test example, we constrain the width range of at least the remaining three-sided shading area and the adhesive patch layer. Where: d1±0.5mm=d3±0.5mm, w1±1mm=w3±1mm; d2±0.5mm=d4±0.5mm, w2±1mm=w4±1mm, d1=1 / 3w1~2 / 3w1, d2=1 / 3w2~2 / 3w2, d3=1 / 3w3~2 / 3w3, d4=1 / 3w4~2 / 3w4 (when all four sides are visible, such as Figure 4 As shown, the same dimensional constraint is applied to the edge containing d4. Table 1 lists specific implementation examples (including Examples 1 to 4) and comparative examples (including Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2) within this parameter range. Both the specific implementation examples and the comparative examples were evaluated under indoor lighting (at least 20 40W fluorescent tubes) with an intensity of 1000 lux or higher.

[0073] Table 1

[0074]

[0075] The test results for z3=2.62% in Example 1 are shown in the following figure. Figure 5 As shown, a slight optical distortion visual defect can be seen at the edge position indicated by the dotted line. The test effect of z3=1.21% in Example 2 is presented in the figure below. Figure 6 As shown, at the edge location indicated by the dashed line, the optical distortion is not visible to the naked eye. It is evident that the visual optical distortion at the edges of the stacked component provided in this application embodiment is effectively improved.

[0076] In one exemplary embodiment, a vehicle is provided that includes the aforementioned stacked components.

[0077] In vehicles equipped with the aforementioned stacked components, the edges of the stacked components as seen by the user exhibit no optical distortion, or only slight optical distortion that is not visible, or slight optical distortion with good consistency. For details on the implementation process, please refer to the description in the above-described stacked component embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0078] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments," "other embodiments," and "ideal embodiments" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples.

[0079] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0080] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A stacked component, characterized in that, It includes a first transparent substrate, a dimming functional layer, and a second transparent substrate stacked together; The dimming functional layer has electrodes at its edge, and the dimming functional layer has a height difference at different positions of the electrodes; the target side of the stacked component has a shielding area at its edge, and the target side includes the side where the electrodes are located; The optical distortion level of the stacked module is less than 9%, and the optical distortion level of the stacked module is: Z = △h / △d * 100% Where Z is the optical distortion level, Δh is the maximum height difference between different positions of the electrode on the same side, and Δd is the width of the shielding area covering the edge of the electrode on the dimming functional layer. The units of Δh and Δd are both mm.

2. The stacked component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate have the same area and are aligned. The dimming functional layer is recessed within the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate to form a patching area around the dimming functional layer. The patching area is provided with an adhesive patching layer. Where △d = wd, and △d > 0; w is the distance between the edge of the shielding area near the dimming functional layer and the edge of the first transparent substrate, and d is the width of the adhesive patch layer covering the shielding area.

3. The stacked component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The width of the shielding area is greater than the width of the adhesive patch layer covered by the shielding area, and the width of the shielding area ranges from 15mm to 70mm, while the width of the adhesive patch layer covered by the shielding area is greater than 5mm.

4. The stacked component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The maximum height difference between different positions of the electrodes on the same side is less than or equal to 0.25 mm.

5. The stacked component according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least one set of opposite edges of the dimming functional layer are provided with electrodes, and the width difference of a set of adhesive patch layers that are opposite to each other and all provided with electrodes is less than or equal to 1 mm.

6. The stacked component according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, 1.5d≤w≤3d.

7. The stacked component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are glass plates.

8. The stacked component according to claim 7, characterized in that, The laminated assembly is a side window glass, and the target side of the laminated assembly has a shielding area at the edge of the region above the water tangent.

9. The stacked component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Z-axis of the two symmetrical sides of the stacked component is the same.

10. A means of transportation, characterized in that, The stacked component includes any one of claims 1-9.

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