Angle-adjustable inclined hole machining tool applied to three-axis machining center

Abstract

The invention discloses an angle-adjustable inclined hole machining tool applied to a three-axis machining center, and belongs to the technical field of three-axis machining tools. Comprising a base, a first-stage ball seat and a first-stage plate rotationally connected are arranged on the base, a first-stage clamping plate, a second-stage ball seat and a second-stage plate rotationally connected are arranged on the first-stage plate, and a second-stage movable window, a second-stage clamping plate and a station are arranged on the second-stage plate; a first-stage screw rod is arranged between the first-stage ball seat and the first-stage plate, and the first-stage screw rod penetrates through the first-stage clamping plate with the first-stage ball seat as a fulcrum and then acts in an open groove in the first-stage plate; the technical problem that a three-axis machining center cannot machine inclined holes is successfully solved through the tool design, on the premise that machining quality is guaranteed, equipment investment and production cost are remarkably reduced, machining efficiency and flexibility are improved, and the tool has important application and popularization value. According to the tool, the inclined hole machining function close to that of a five-axis machining center can be achieved on a common three-axis machining center, and expensive five-axis equipment does not need to be purchased.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of angle-adjustable inclined hole machining tooling applied to three-axis machining center, belong to three-axis machining tooling technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of numerical control machining technology, three-axis machining center is widely used in manufacturing industry due to its relatively low cost and simple operation. However, three-axis machining center only has the movement ability of X, Y and Z three linear axes, and cannot realize the rotary motion of spindle or worktable, which makes it have significant technical bottleneck in machining inclined hole.

[0003] Inclined hole machining is a common requirement in mechanical manufacturing, and is widely used in automobile parts, mold manufacturing or aerospace fields. When machining inclined hole by traditional three-axis machining center, the workpiece is adjusted to a specific angle by special fixture, so that the inclined hole axis is perpendicular to the spindle. However, this method has many problems. First, the position accuracy of the hole cannot be guaranteed, and the centering accuracy of the drill depends entirely on the guide device, which can easily cause deviation of the machining product center. Second, various angles need to be converted for calculation during numerical control programming, which is complex and has high error rate. Third, the tolerance of the face hole or side hole becomes larger after turning, which is difficult to meet the design requirements of the workpiece. Finally, when using unstable fixture, the overall cutting vibration is large, which can cause large machining error.

[0004] In contrast, five-axis machining center can directly adjust the relative angle of tool and workpiece through the linkage of X, Y, Z axes and two rotary axes (such as A / C axes), so that the tool axis is consistent with the inclined hole axis, thereby realizing high-precision inclined hole machining. Five-axis machining center has the advantages of completing complex machining after once clamping, high machining precision and good surface quality, but its equipment investment cost is two to three times higher than that of ordinary three-axis machine tool, and the technical level of the operator is required to be higher, the maintenance cost is expensive, which limits its popularization and application in small and medium-sized enterprises.

[0005] In view of the above problems, although some fixtures for inclined hole machining have appeared in the prior art, these fixtures mostly have the problems of poor universality, low adjustment accuracy and complex operation. For example, some fixtures can only fix a single angle and cannot realize continuous angle adjustment; some fixtures can adjust the angle, but the adjustment process is complicated and the positioning accuracy is difficult to guarantee; some fixtures have complex structure and high manufacturing cost, which is not conducive to popularization and application. Therefore, it is necessary to design an inclined hole machining tooling that can realize angle adjustment, simple operation and reliable precision on three-axis machining center. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides an angle-adjustable inclined hole machining tooling applied to three-axis machining center to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A tooling for machining oblique holes with adjustable angles applied to a three-axis machining center, comprising a base, wherein a primary ball seat and a primary plate rotatably connected are provided on the base, a primary clamping plate, a secondary ball seat and a secondary plate rotatably connected are provided on the primary plate, and a secondary movable window, a secondary clamping plate and a work station are provided on the secondary plate; a primary lead screw is provided between the primary ball seat and the primary plate, the primary lead screw passes through the primary clamping plate with the primary ball seat as the fulcrum and moves in the slot of the primary plate; a secondary lead screw is provided between the secondary ball seat and the secondary plate, the secondary lead screw passes through the secondary clamping plate with the secondary ball seat as the fulcrum and drives the secondary clamping plate to move in the secondary movable window.

[0008] Furthermore, the primary clamping plate is located on the front side of the primary plate and its lower end face is flipped onto the bottom surface of the primary plate. The primary clamping plate on the primary plate is U-shaped, and there are elongated through holes on both sides of the U-shape.

[0009] Furthermore, the slot is located on the primary plate at a position corresponding to the U-shape of the primary clamping plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower end of the primary lead screw is a ball head, and the upper end is provided with a connecting primary nut. The primary nut connected to the upper end of the primary lead screw after passing through the slot of the primary plate can slide within the long through hole of the primary clamping plate, and the lower end of the ball head is connected to the primary ball seat.

[0011] Furthermore, a primary connecting shaft is horizontally fixed at the lower end of the primary plate. One end of the primary connecting shaft is connected to the shaft hole on the base, and the other end is connected to the fixed shaft cover. The fixed shaft cover is connected to the base by a locking pin.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower right end face of the secondary plate is provided with two opposing secondary connecting shafts, which are rotatably connected to two hinge seats fixed on the right side of the primary plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower end of the secondary lead screw is a ball head, and the upper end is provided with a connecting secondary nut; Furthermore, the secondary clamping plate has a three-layer structure, with the uppermost layer and the middle layer clamped on the secondary plate, the middle layer having an upper hole, and the lowermost layer having a lower hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the diameter of the lower hole is greater than the diameter of the secondary lead screw and less than the diameter of the secondary nut, and the diameter of the upper hole is greater than the diameter of the secondary nut.

[0015] Furthermore, the workstation is composed of several baffles located at the left end of the secondary plate. A valve block is provided on the workstation, and a clamping screw is provided on both the front and rear baffles. The clamping screw is connected to the baffle through a matching nut, and a through hole is provided at the nut position on both the front and rear baffles.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are: This tooling design successfully solves the technical problem that three-axis machining centers cannot process inclined holes, and can realize the inclined hole processing function close to that of a five-axis machining center on a regular three-axis machining center. While ensuring processing quality, it significantly reduces enterprise equipment investment and production costs, improves processing efficiency and flexibility, can greatly reduce enterprise production costs, and at the same time reduce equipment maintenance and operator training costs, and has important promotion and application value. This fixture uses a high-precision angle adjustment mechanism and locking device, which can achieve precise angle positioning, ensure the positional and dimensional accuracy of the inclined hole machining, and complete the machining of multiple angled holes in one clamping, avoiding the accumulation of repeated positioning errors caused by multiple clamping, thus improving the consistency, reliability and overall machining accuracy of the machining. This fixture can quickly achieve angle adjustment and precise positioning, significantly shortening the angle adjustment time. Operators can complete the processing of inclined holes at different angles with simple adjustment operations. The fixture has good versatility, reducing the number of special fixtures to be manufactured and lowering the fixture management cost. It eliminates the need for frequent fixture changes or workpiece re-clamping, greatly shortening the production preparation time. The fixture supports continuous multi-angle adjustment, which can adapt to the processing needs of products of different specifications, improving the processing flexibility and applicability of the equipment. This tooling features a user-friendly design, with intuitive and simple angle adjustment. Operators can complete the machining of inclined holes without complex mathematical calculations or professional programming skills, reducing the technical requirements for operators and minimizing human error. The overall modular design is compact and space-saving, making it suitable for various sizes of three-axis machining centers. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another angle.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the diagram.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another angle.

[0021] In the diagram, 1. Base; 11. Fixed shaft cover; 12. Locking pin; 4. Primary plate; 41. Primary clamping plate; 42. Primary ball seat; 43. Primary lead screw; 44. Primary nut; 45. Primary connecting shaft; 5. Secondary plate; 51. Secondary clamping plate; 52. Secondary ball seat; 53. Secondary lead screw; 54. Secondary connecting shaft; 55. Secondary nut; 56. Secondary movable window; 57. Lower hole; 58. Upper hole; 6. Hinge seat; 7. Clamping lead screw; 8. Valve block; 9. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0023] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the adjustable-angle inclined hole machining fixture of this embodiment, applied to a three-axis machining center, includes a base 1. The base 1 has a primary ball seat 42 and a rotatably connected primary plate 4. The primary plate 4 has a primary clamping plate 41, a secondary ball seat 52, and a rotatably connected secondary plate 5. The secondary plate 5 has a secondary movable window 56, a secondary clamping plate 51, and a work station. A primary lead screw 43 is provided between the primary ball seat 42 and the primary plate 4. The primary lead screw 43 passes through the primary clamping plate 41 with the primary ball seat 42 as its fulcrum and moves within a slot on the primary plate 4. A secondary lead screw 53 is provided between the secondary ball seat 52 and the secondary plate 5. The secondary lead screw 53 passes through the secondary clamping plate 51 with the secondary ball seat 52 as its fulcrum and drives the secondary clamping plate 51 to move within the secondary movable window 56.

[0024] The primary clamping plate 41 is located on the front side of the primary plate 4 and its lower end face is flipped onto the bottom surface of the primary plate 4. The primary clamping plate 41 is U-shaped on the primary plate 4 and has long through holes on both sides of the U-shape.

[0025] The slot is located on the primary plate 4 at a position corresponding to the U-shape of the primary clamping plate 41.

[0026] The lower end of the primary lead screw 43 is a ball head, and the upper end is equipped with a connecting primary nut 44. The first-stage lead screw 43, after passing through the slot of the first-stage plate 4, is connected to the first-stage nut 44, which can slide within the long through hole of the first-stage clamping plate 41, and the ball head at the lower end is connected to the first-stage ball seat 42.

[0027] A primary connecting shaft 45 is horizontally fixed at the lower end of the primary plate 4. One end of the primary connecting shaft 45 is connected to the shaft hole on the base 1, and the other end is connected to the fixed shaft cover 11. The fixed shaft cover 11 is connected to the base 1 by a locking pin 12.

[0028] The lower right end face of the secondary plate 5 is provided with two opposing secondary connecting shafts 54, which are rotatably connected to two hinge seats 6 fixed on the right side of the primary plate 4.

[0029] The lower end of the secondary lead screw 53 is a ball head, and the upper end is provided with a connecting secondary nut 55. The secondary clamping plate 51 has a three-layer structure, with the uppermost layer and the middle layer clamped on the secondary plate 5. The middle layer has an upper hole 58, and the lowermost layer has a lower hole 57.

[0030] The diameter of the lower hole 57 is greater than the diameter of the secondary lead screw 53 and less than the diameter of the secondary nut 55, and the diameter of the upper hole 58 is greater than the diameter of the secondary nut 55.

[0031] The workstation consists of several baffles 9 located at the left end of the secondary plate 5. A valve block 8 is provided on the workstation. A clamping screw 7 is provided on both the front and rear baffles 9. The clamping screw 7 is connected to the baffle 9 through a suitable nut. A through hole is provided at the nut position on both the front and rear baffles 9.

[0032] During operation, this fixture can perform inclined hole machining on a three-axis machining center, and the angle is adjustable. The base 1 is fixed on the machining platform. The primary plate 4 can rotate relative to the base 1 along the primary connecting shaft 45, and the secondary plate 5 can rotate relative to the primary plate 4 along the secondary connecting shaft 54. The workpiece valve block 8 is placed on the workstation formed by the secondary plate 5 and the baffle 9. The workpiece can rotate relative to the base 1 around the two axes. The primary connecting shaft 45 welded to the lower end of the primary plate 4 is hinged to the base 1 through the shaft holes at both ends. One end is integrally connected to the shaft hole on the base 1, and the other end is connected to the shaft hole in the fixed shaft cover 11. The fixed shaft cover 11 is fixed by the locking pin 12. The relative rotation angle between the primary plate 4 and the base 1 is controlled by the primary screw 43 and the primary nut 44. One end of the primary screw 43 is a ball head connected to the primary ball seat 42, which is fixed to the base 1; the other end is connected to the primary nut 44. The primary clamping plate 41 is slotted, and the primary nut 44 can slide back and forth in the long through holes on both sides of the U-shape on the primary clamping plate 41. It cannot rotate relative to the primary plate 4. The primary clamping plate 41 is fixed to the primary plate 4. By rotating the primary screw 43, the primary nut 44 can be moved in the direction of the axis of the primary screw 43, thereby adjusting the angle. When adjusting the angle, the primary screw 43 is always perpendicular to the primary plate 4. The primary screw 43 slides in the slot of the primary plate 4, and the sliding plane is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the primary plate 4. The secondary plate 5 is hinged to the primary plate 4 via two opposing hinge seats 6. The two hinge seats 6 are fixed to the primary plate 4. The relative rotation angle between the secondary plate 5 and the primary plate 4 is controlled by the secondary lead screw 53 and the secondary nut 55. One end of the secondary lead screw 53 is a ball head connected to the secondary ball seat 52, which is fixed to the primary plate 4. A secondary movable window 56 is opened on the secondary clamping plate 51. The secondary nut 55 cannot rotate relative to the secondary clamping plate 51. The secondary clamping plate 51 can slide with the secondary nut 55 in the secondary movable window 56. By controlling the secondary lead screw 53, the secondary nut 55 can slide in the direction of the axis of the secondary lead screw 53, thereby adjusting the angle. When adjusting the angle, the secondary lead screw 53 is always perpendicular to the secondary plate 5. The secondary lead screw 53 slides in the secondary movable window 56 of the secondary plate 5, and the plane of motion is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the secondary plate 5. Nuts are fixedly connected to the baffles 9 on both sides of the secondary plate 5. The nuts are threadedly connected to the clamping screw 7 and pass through the baffles 9. The clamping screw 7 can be adjusted to clamp the valve block 8. The primary screw 43 and the secondary screw 53 do not have additional locking. They are fixed after angle adjustment by the contact friction between the corresponding ball head and ball seat at their bottom. The screw itself is not easy to bear force and the corresponding nut cannot rotate. Then, the workpiece to be processed is subjected to oblique hole processing operation.

[0033] This tooling design successfully solves the technical problem that three-axis machining centers cannot process inclined holes. It can achieve inclined hole processing functions close to those of five-axis machining centers on ordinary three-axis machining centers. While ensuring processing quality, it significantly reduces enterprise equipment investment and production costs, improves processing efficiency and flexibility, greatly reduces enterprise production costs, and also reduces equipment maintenance and operator training costs. It has important value for promotion and application. This fixture uses a high-precision angle adjustment mechanism and locking device, which can achieve precise angle positioning, ensure the positional and dimensional accuracy of the inclined hole machining, and complete the machining of multiple angled holes in one clamping, avoiding the accumulation of repeated positioning errors caused by multiple clamping, thus improving the consistency, reliability and overall machining accuracy of the machining. This fixture can quickly achieve angle adjustment and precise positioning, significantly shortening the angle adjustment time. Operators can complete the processing of inclined holes at different angles with simple adjustment operations. The fixture has good versatility, reducing the number of special fixtures to be manufactured and lowering the fixture management cost. It eliminates the need for frequent fixture changes or workpiece re-clamping, greatly shortening the production preparation time. The fixture supports continuous multi-angle adjustment, which can adapt to the processing needs of products of different specifications, improving the processing flexibility and applicability of the equipment. This tooling features a user-friendly design, with intuitive and simple angle adjustment. Operators can complete the machining of inclined holes without complex mathematical calculations or professional programming skills, reducing the technical requirements for operators and minimizing human error. The overall modular design is compact and space-saving, making it suitable for various sizes of three-axis machining centers.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tooling for machining oblique holes with adjustable angles, applicable to a three-axis machining center, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a primary ball seat (42) and a primary plate (4) rotatably connected. The primary plate (4) is provided with a primary clamping plate (41), a secondary ball seat (52), and a secondary plate (5) rotatably connected. The secondary plate (5) is provided with a secondary movable window (56), a secondary clamping plate (51), and a workstation. A primary lead screw (43) is provided between the primary ball seat (42) and the primary plate (4). The primary lead screw (43) passes through the primary clamping plate (41) with the primary ball seat (42) as the fulcrum and moves in the slot on the primary plate (4). A secondary lead screw (53) is provided between the secondary ball seat (52) and the secondary plate (5). The secondary lead screw (53) passes through the secondary clamping plate (51) with the secondary ball seat (52) as the fulcrum and drives the secondary clamping plate (51) to move in the secondary movable window (56).

2. The oblique hole machining fixture with adjustable angle applied to a three-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-level clamping plate (41) is located on the front side of the first-level plate (4) and its lower end face is flipped onto the bottom surface of the first-level plate (4). The first-level clamping plate (41) is U-shaped on the first-level plate (4) and has long through holes on both sides of the U-shape.

3. The adjustable-angle oblique hole machining fixture for a three-axis machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slot is located on the primary plate (4) at a position corresponding to the U-shape of the primary clamping plate (41).

4. The oblique hole machining fixture with adjustable angle applied to a three-axis machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the primary lead screw (43) is a ball head, and the upper end is provided with a connecting primary nut (44). The first-stage screw (43) is connected to the first-stage nut (44) after passing through the slot of the first-stage plate (4) at its upper end. The nut (44) can slide in the long through hole of the first-stage clamping plate (41), and the ball head at its lower end is connected to the first-stage ball seat (42).

5. The oblique hole machining fixture with adjustable angle applied to a three-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the first-level plate (4) is horizontally fixed with a first-level connecting shaft (45). One end of the first-level connecting shaft (45) is connected to the shaft hole on the base (1), and the other end is connected to the fixed shaft cover (11). The fixed shaft cover (11) is connected to the base (1) through a locking pin (12).

6. The oblique hole machining fixture with adjustable angle applied to a three-axis machining center according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lower right end face of the secondary plate (5) is provided with two opposing secondary connecting shafts (54), which are rotatably connected to two hinge seats (6) fixed on the right side of the primary plate (4).

7. The oblique hole machining fixture with adjustable angle applied to a three-axis machining center according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the secondary lead screw (53) is a ball head, and the upper end is provided with a connecting secondary nut (55). The secondary clamping plate (51) has a three-layer structure, with the uppermost layer and the middle layer clamped on the secondary plate (5). The middle layer has an upper hole (58), and the lowermost layer has a lower hole (57).

8. The oblique hole machining fixture with adjustable angle applied to a three-axis machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that: The diameter of the lower hole (57) is greater than the diameter of the secondary lead screw (53) and less than the diameter of the secondary nut (55), and the diameter of the upper hole (58) is greater than the diameter of the secondary nut (55).

9. The oblique hole machining fixture with adjustable angle applied to a three-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The work station is composed of several baffles (9) located at the left end of the secondary plate (5). A valve block (8) is provided on the work station. A clamping screw (7) is provided on both the front and rear baffles (9). The clamping screw (7) is connected to the baffle (9) by a suitable nut. A through hole is provided at the nut position of the front and rear baffles (9).

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