Ship overwater shafting center line irradiation type inspection method

Abstract

The invention discloses a ship overwater shafting center line irradiation type inspection method, and belongs to the technical field of ship shafting construction, the method is used for inspecting the center line of a tail pipe and a shafting, and comprises the following inspection steps: step 1, in an overwater floating state, carrying out preparation work before irradiation inspection; 2, checking whether the process requirements of irradiation meet necessary conditions or not; step 3, carrying out irradiation inspection and measurement; fourthly, a boring datum point is made for the tail shaft tube; and 5, measuring the crank arm difference to determine the correctness of the axis. According to the method, rapid detection of the center line of the tail pipe and the shaft system is achieved through the irradiation measurement technology in the water floating state, dependence on dock / slipway resources is reduced, and the construction period is shortened.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ship shafting construction technology, in particular to a ship waterborne shafting center line light inspection method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The ship shafting is a key transmission system connecting the main engine and the propeller, and the accuracy of the center line directly affects the ship navigation performance and the service life of the shafting equipment. At present, the concentricity inspection of the stern tube usually needs to be completed in the dock or on the berth, and the ship needs to be lifted or supported, and the traditional methods such as laser centering and line measurement are used for detection. However, such methods have the following problems: The dock / berth resources are limited, and the ship needs to be docked or supported for a long period of time (usually several days to a week), which seriously affects the construction plan of other ships; The ship needs to be adjusted several times during the inspection process, which is complex and time-consuming; If the inspection finds deviation, it needs to be reworked (such as stern tube boring), and needs to be re-docked or supported, further prolonging the period. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a ship waterborne shafting center line light inspection method which can be quickly completed in the floating state of the ship. Through the light measurement technology in the floating state, the fast detection of the tail pipe and the shafting center line is realized, the dependence on the dock / berth resources is reduced, and the construction period is shortened.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: A ship waterborne shafting center line light inspection method, which is used to inspect the center line of the tail pipe and the shafting, comprising the following inspection steps: Step one, in the floating state, the preparation work before light inspection is carried out, and the preparation steps are as follows: S1, the propeller shaft is pulled out in the dock, a sealed work box with a length of 1.5 meters, a width of 1.8 meters and a height of 0.8 meters is welded at the rear end of the propeller shaft tube, the box body plate thickness is 10mm, and the safety of the person and the ship should be ensured to ensure the safety of the person and the ship; S2, a telescope support is customized according to the diameter of the main engine flywheel and the intermediate shaft connecting flange, the bolt hole center distance and the bolt hole diameter; S3, a temporary dial gauge support is welded on site according to the height of the shafting; S4, 3 groups of light targets, 3 groups of targets with scales and small center holes, one collimating telescope, one 0.5mm thick wire, special measuring cards and internal diameter top rulers, magnetic dial gauges and table seats, 36 volt lamp lines and other commonly used tools are prepared according to the size of the propeller shaft tube.

[0005] Step two, check the process requirements of light whether meet the necessary conditions, the inspection steps as follows: S1, the main machine before the light must meet the specification; S2, the large equipment in the cabin must be fixed installation, after the light, there is no large equipment and other concentrated load migration, welding work in the cabin, stern cabin and near the rudder arm must be completed; S3, the light must be carried out in the water, sea waves should not exceed 4, and conditions are best in the dry dock put water floating; S4, the ship ballast water should not be less than 75%, the ship water line basic level; S5, the light and the inspection should avoid the direct sunlight on the ship, should be carried out between 6 pm and 6 am the next morning or in the rainy day, there should be no knocking and vibration in the cabin.

[0006] Step three, light inspection and measurement, the steps as follows: S1, the telescope support fixed flywheel, the shaft concentric fixed on the telescope support, the telescope into the sleeve hole in the shaft, the upper end of the shaft is installed with dial gauge; S2, the disc machine disc main machine, check the two sets of dial gauge on the shaft, using 6-8 groups of circumferential array distribution of the top silk to adjust the shaft to make it concentric with the main engine crankshaft, wherein the maximum dial gauge runout should not exceed 0.015 mm; S3, the shaft is extracted from the sleeve, and replace the collimator telescope, and disc again, check the runout of the telescope, confirm that the dial gauge runout is not more than 0.015 mm, then put a group of light target in front, middle and back of the tail shaft tube, light on each light target in turn; Adjust the target center, disc check 90, 180, 270, 0 degrees, so that the target center and the light point coincide, the deviation should not exceed 0.3 mm; S4, the QC, shipowner, ship inspection confirmation; S5, after the inspection, the target with scale is extracted, and the measuring target with center hole is replaced. The distance between the center hole and the upper, lower, left and right of the tail shaft tube is measured by the card. The four measurement points are 90 degrees from each other. From the upper and lower difference and the left and right difference, the center difference of the tail shaft tube can be determined; S6, the target is extracted again, and the deviation value of other positions can be detected by the same method; S7, the measurement results are submitted to the shipowner and the ship inspection, and whether the tail shaft tube needs to be light boring is determined by the shipowner and the ship inspection.

[0007] Step four, the tail shaft tube is made of boring reference point, the steps are as follows: S1. When the axis deviation is too large and it is necessary to bore the inner hole of the tail shaft tube to solve the axis deviation, the optical target should be moved to the outside of the tail shaft tube. First, weld a set of optical target brackets of appropriate height at 500mm on the front and rear ends of the tail shaft tube. Support the optical target and illuminate the front and rear optical targets of the tail shaft tube to find the axis center of the front and rear ends of the tail shaft tube on the optical target. S2. Pull out the graduated target and replace it with a measuring target with a 0.5mm hole. Pull out a 0.5mm thick steel wire through the two holes. Fix one end of the wire to the bracket and hang a 30kg weight on the other end according to the thickness of the steel wire. S3. Weld four sets of reference points at 90-degree angles to each other at the front and rear ends of the tail shaft, on each side. Adjust the reference points according to the steel wire so that the distance between the four sets of reference points at each end and the steel wire is equal, with an error not exceeding 0.05mm. Finally, the reference points should be welded firmly with electric welding. However, when adjusting the distance of the reference points, the amount of steel wire sinking should be considered. That is, the distance between the steel wire and the upper reference point should be reduced by the sinking Δ value, and the distance between the steel wire and the lower reference point should be increased by the sinking Δ value. The formula for calculating the steel wire sinking is as follows: Yn=P*Xn(L-Xn) / 2G; Note: In the formula, P is taken as 1.54 and G is taken as 30kg.

[0008] Step 5: Measure the difference in the curved arm. The measurement steps are as follows: S1. Use a dial indicator to check the runout of the plane and end face of the main unit output flange or large flywheel. The error shall not exceed 0.10mm. After S2 and S1 are confirmed to be qualified, the shafting system will be inspected by sunlight. When inspecting the shafting, the effects of sunlight on hull deformation should be considered and eliminated. Its requirements for phototherapy examination: 1) Conduct the inspection and examination at night or on a cloudy or rainy day; 2) Major equipment on board the ship (such as main engine, boiler, etc.) must be installed on board, and there should be no relocation of concentrated loads after the ship is inspected; S3. Set a dedicated illumination telescope bracket at the flywheel end of the main unit, install the dummy shaft and telescope, and use two sets of dial indicators to check and adjust the dummy shaft and telescope so that the runout of the two sets of dial indicators does not exceed 0.015mm. After S4 and S3 are confirmed to be qualified, the tail bearing bushing is illuminated and the target center is adjusted so that the light spot coincides with the target center. The deviation of the bearing bushing is measured and recorded using a caliper to determine the correctness of the axis.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Reduce dock / slippage occupation time: The inspection process is completed while the ship is floating on the water, without the need to enter the dock or sit on the pier, freeing up dock / slippage resources and significantly improving shipbuilding efficiency. 2. Convenient operation and high precision: Non-contact measurement is achieved through illumination technology (collimating telescope + optical target), avoiding the complicated operation of traditional wire or laser alignment. The deviation of key measurement points is controlled to ≤0.3mm, meeting the accuracy requirements of ship shafting. 3. High adaptability: It can be carried out at sea (waves ≤ level 4) or in a floating dock, without being limited by the site; 4. Cost reduction: Reduce labor, equipment and time costs for docking operations, while avoiding additional costs caused by multiple docking trips. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the sealed operation box; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the telescope support structure; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of stern shaft illumination; Figure 4 A schematic diagram for drawing lines and creating reference points for boring holes; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of the interior of the optical target; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram for measuring the difference in the curved arm.

[0012] Attached reference numerals: 1-Entry / exit hole; 2-Entry / exit ladder; 3-Fixing angle steel; 4-Sealed weld joint; 5-Working box; 6-Horizontal plane; 7-Stern bearing optical target; 8-Bracket; 9-Dial indicator; 10-Telescope; 11-Main engine flywheel; 12-Temporary indicator base; 13-Intermediate bearing seat; 14-Line adjustment disc; 15-Front reference point; 16-Front optical target; 17-Steel wire; 18-Rear reference point; 19-Rear optical target; 20-Counterweight. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a method for inspecting the centerline of a ship's shafting system by illumination is used to inspect the centerline of the stern tube and shafting system, and includes the following inspection steps: Step 1: Preparatory work for the light inspection while floating on water. The preparation steps are as follows: S1. Pull the stern shaft out of the dock and weld a sealed working box 5 with dimensions of 1.5 meters long, 1.8 meters wide, and 0.8 meters high to the rear end of the stern shaft tube (see...). Figure 1 As shown), its dimensions can be determined according to the available space. The box panel thickness is 10mm, and it should be ensured that there is no water leakage after it is launched to ensure the safety of people and boats. S2. Customize a telescope 10 bracket 8 according to the diameter of the flange connecting the main flywheel 11 and the intermediate shaft, the center distance of the bolt holes, and the diameter of the bolt holes (see...). Figure 2 (as shown) S3. Based on the shaft height, weld 9 temporary dial indicator supports on site; S4. Prepare 3 sets of optical targets, 3 sets of two types of target cores with scales and small center holes, 10 collimating telescopes, one dummy axis and one 0.5mm thick steel wire, a special measuring card and a box of inner diameter rulers, 9 magnetic dial indicators and two sets of indicator bases, 2 sets of 36V lamp wires and a set of other commonly used tools in accordance with the size of the stern tube.

[0015] Step 2: Check whether the illumination process meets the necessary conditions. The inspection steps are as follows: S1. The difference in the angle of the main unit before illumination must meet the requirements specified in the instruction manual of this machine; S2. Large equipment in the engine room must be fixed and installed. After the light is applied, no large equipment or other concentrated loads shall be moved. Welding work in the engine room, tail tip, and near the rudder arm must be completed. S3. Lighting must be carried out while floating on water. The sea waves must not exceed level 4. If possible, it is best to carry out the lighting by floating in a dry dock. S4. The ballast water of the vessel shall not be less than 75%, and the waterline of the vessel shall be basically leveled. S5. Inspection and scouting should be conducted in a manner that avoids direct sunlight on the vessel. It should be carried out between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. the following day or on a cloudy or rainy day. There should be no knocking or vibration inside the cabin during inspection.

[0016] Step 3: Perform light examination and measurements (see...) Figure 3 (As shown), the steps are as follows: S1. Fix the telescope 10 bracket 8 on the flywheel, and fix the dummy shaft concentrically on the telescope 10 bracket 8. Insert the telescope 10 into the inner sleeve hole of the dummy shaft. Dial gauges 9 are installed on the top of both ends of the dummy shaft. S2. Use a turning machine to turn the main unit and check the two sets of dial indicators 9 on the dummy shaft. Use 6-8 sets of circumferentially arrayed set screws to adjust the dummy shaft so that it is concentric with the main unit crankshaft. The maximum runout of the dial indicator 9 should not exceed 0.015mm. S3. Remove the dummy shaft from the sleeve and replace it with the collimating telescope 10. Rotate the shaft again to check the runout of the telescope 10. After confirming that the runout of the dial indicator 9 does not exceed 0.015mm, attach a set of light targets to the front, middle and rear of the tail shaft tube, and illuminate each light target in turn. When illuminating, adjust the target center and rotate the shaft to check 90, 180, 270 and 0 degrees respectively, so that the target center coincides with the light spot and the deviation does not exceed 0.3mm. S4. Submit to QC, shipowner, and ship inspection agency for confirmation and acceptance; S5. After the inspection is passed, remove the graduated target and replace it with a measuring target with a small central hole. Use a measuring card to measure the distance from the center of the small hole to the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the inner wall of the tail shaft tube. The four measuring points are at 90 degrees to each other. From the measured upper and lower differences and left and right differences, the center difference of the tail shaft tube can be determined. S6. Then, extract the target and use the same method to detect the deviation values ​​at other positions. S7. Submit the measurement results to the shipowner and ship inspector, and the shipowner and ship inspector shall consult and decide whether to perform surface boring on the stern tube.

[0017] Step 4: Establish boring reference points for the tail shaft tube (see...) Figures 4 to 5 As shown in the image, the production steps are as follows: S1. When the axis deviation is too large and it is necessary to bore the inner hole of the tail shaft tube to solve the axis deviation, the optical target should be moved to the outside of the tail shaft tube. First, weld a set of optical target brackets 8 of appropriate height at 500mm on the front and rear ends of the tail shaft tube. Support the optical target and illuminate the front and rear optical targets 19 of the tail shaft tube to find the axis center of the front and rear ends of the tail shaft tube on the optical target. S2. Pull out the graduated target and replace it with a measuring target with a 0.5mm hole. Pull out a 0.5mm thick steel wire 17 through the two holes of the target. Fix one end of the wire to the bracket 8 and hang a counterweight 2030kg on the other end according to the thickness of the steel wire. S3. Weld four sets of reference points at 90-degree angles to each other at the front and rear ends of the tail shaft, on each side. Adjust the reference points according to wire 17 so that the distance between the four sets of reference points at each end and the wire is equal, with an error not exceeding 0.05mm. Finally, the reference points 18 should be welded firmly with electric welding. However, when adjusting the distance between the reference points, the amount of sinking of the wire should be considered. That is, the distance between the wire and the upper reference point should be reduced by the sinking Δ value, and the distance between the wire 17 and the lower reference point should be increased by the sinking Δ value. The formula for calculating the steel wire sinking is as follows: Yn=P*Xn(L-Xn) / 2G; Note: In the formula, P is taken as 1.54 and G is taken as 30kg.

[0018] Step 5: Measure the difference in the curved arm. The measurement steps are as follows: S1. Use a dial indicator (9) to check the runout of the main unit's output flange or large flywheel's plane and end face (see...). Figure 6 As shown), the error must not exceed 0.10 mm; After S2 and S1 are confirmed to be qualified, the shafting system will be inspected by sunlight. When inspecting the shafting, the effects of sunlight on hull deformation should be considered and eliminated. Its requirements for phototherapy examination: 1) Conduct the inspection and examination at night or on a cloudy or rainy day; 2) Major equipment on board the ship (such as main engine, boiler, etc.) must be installed on board, and there should be no relocation of concentrated loads after the ship is inspected; S3. Set a dedicated light-illuminating telescope 10 bracket 8 at the flywheel 11 end of the main unit, install the dummy shaft and telescope 10, and use two sets of dial indicators 9 to check and adjust the dummy shaft and telescope 10 so that the runout of the two sets of dial indicators 9 does not exceed 0.015mm. After S4 and S3 are confirmed to be qualified, the tail bearing bushing is illuminated and the target center is adjusted so that the light spot coincides with the target center. The deviation of the bearing bushing is measured and recorded using a caliper to determine the correctness of the axis.

[0019] The total deviation of the shaft should not exceed the following requirements (according to CB / T3420--92). Since the intermediate shaft is directly connected to the main crankshaft, the calculated value should be reduced by half, i.e.: 1.975 / 2=0.99mm; where the formula for calculating the total tortuosity of the shaft centerline is: δ=0.0052*L ² / d; where: δ--total tortuosity of the shaft centerline (mm); L--length of the bent part of the shaft after being affected by the connection misalignment (L=13m); d--minimum shaft diameter (0.445m).

[0020] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for inspecting the centerline of a ship's shafting system by illumination, the method being used to inspect the centerline of the stern tube and shafting system, characterized in that, The inspection steps include the following: Step 1: Preparations for the light inspection while the device is floating on water; Step 2: Check whether the lighting process meets the necessary conditions; Step 3: Perform light-based checks and measurements; Step 4: Establish boring reference points for the tail shaft tube; Step 5: Measure the difference in the crank arm to confirm the correctness of the axis.

2. The method for inspecting the centerline of a ship's waterborne shafting by illumination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps for conducting a light inspection while the object is floating on water are as follows: S1. Pull the stern shaft out of the dock and weld a sealed working box at the rear end of the stern shaft tube; S2. Customize a telescope bracket according to the diameter of the flange connecting the main flywheel and the intermediate shaft, the center distance of the bolt holes, and the diameter of the bolt holes. S3. Based on the shaft height, weld a temporary dial indicator support on site; S4. Prepare 3 sets of optical targets, 3 sets of two types of target cores with scales and small center holes, one collimating telescope and one dummy axis with a 0.5mm thick steel wire, a special measuring card and a box of inner diameter rulers, two sets of magnetic dial indicators and bases, and two sets of 36V lamp wires in order according to the size of the stern tube.

3. The method for inspecting the centerline of a ship's waterborne shafting by illumination according to claim 2, characterized in that: The work box has a length of 1.5 meters, a width of 1.8 meters, and a height of 0.8 meters, and the box body plate is 10 mm thick.

4. The method for inspecting the centerline of a ship's waterborne shafting by illumination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inspection steps for verifying whether the illumination process meets the necessary conditions are as follows: S1. The difference in the angle of the main unit before illumination must meet the requirements specified in the instruction manual of this machine; S2. Large equipment in the engine room must be fixed and installed. After the light is applied, no large equipment or other concentrated loads shall be moved. Welding work in the engine room, tail tip, and near the rudder arm must be completed. S3. Lighting must be carried out while floating on water. The sea waves must not exceed level 4. The process must be carried out by floating in water in a dry dock. S4. The ballast water of the vessel shall not be less than 75%, and the waterline of the vessel shall be basically leveled. S5. The inspection and presentation of the vessel should be conducted in a manner that avoids direct sunlight. There should be no knocking or vibration inside the cabin during the inspection.

5. The method for inspecting the centerline of a ship's waterborne shafting by illumination according to claim 4, characterized in that: The illumination and inspection should be conducted between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. the following day, or on a cloudy or rainy day.

6. The method for inspecting the centerline of a ship's waterborne shafting by illumination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for conducting phototherapy examinations and measurements are as follows: S1. Fix the telescope bracket to the flywheel, fix the dummy shaft concentrically to the telescope bracket, insert the telescope into the inner sleeve hole of the dummy shaft, and install dial indicators on the top of both ends of the dummy shaft respectively. S2. Use a turning machine to turn the main unit and check the two sets of dial indicators on the dummy shaft. Adjust the dummy shaft to make it concentric with the crankshaft of the main unit. The maximum runout of the dial indicator should not exceed 0.015mm. S3. Remove the dummy axis from the sleeve and replace it with a collimating telescope. Rotate the telescope again to check its runout. After confirming that the dial indicator's runout does not exceed 0.015mm, attach a set of light targets to the front, middle, and rear of the tail shaft tube. Illuminate each light target in turn. When illuminating, adjust the target center and rotate the telescope to check at 90, 180, 270, and 0 degrees respectively, so that the target center coincides with the light spot. The deviation should not exceed 0.3mm. S4. Submit to QC, shipowner, and ship inspection agency for confirmation and acceptance; S5. After the inspection is passed, remove the graduated target and replace it with a measuring target with a small central hole. Use a measuring card to measure the distance from the center of the small hole to the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the inner wall of the tail shaft tube. The four measuring points are at 90 degrees to each other. From the measured upper and lower differences and left and right differences, the center difference of the tail shaft tube can be determined. S6. Then, extract the target and use the same method to detect the deviation values ​​at other positions. S7. Submit the measurement results to the shipowner and ship inspector, and the shipowner and ship inspector shall consult and decide whether to perform surface boring on the stern tube.

7. The method for inspecting the centerline of a ship's waterborne shafting by illumination according to claim 6, characterized in that: The concentricity between the dummy shaft and the main crankshaft is adjusted using 6-8 sets of set screws arranged in a circumferential array.

8. The method for inspecting the centerline of a ship's waterborne shafting by illumination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for creating a boring reference point for the tail shaft tube are as follows: S1. When the axis deviation is too large and it is necessary to bore the inner hole of the tail shaft tube to solve the axis deviation, the optical target should be moved to the outside of the tail shaft tube. First, weld a set of optical target brackets of appropriate height at 500mm on the front and rear ends of the tail shaft tube. Support the optical target and illuminate the front and rear optical targets of the tail shaft tube to find the axis center of the front and rear ends of the tail shaft tube on the optical target. S2. Pull out the graduated target and replace it with a measuring target with a 0.5mm hole. Pull out a 0.5mm thick steel wire through the two holes. Fix one end of the wire to the bracket and hang a 30kg weight on the other end according to the thickness of the steel wire. S3. Weld four sets of reference points at 90-degree angles to each other at the front and rear ends of the tail shaft. Adjust the reference points according to the steel wire so that the distance between the four sets of reference points at each end and the steel wire is equal, and the error shall not exceed 0.05mm. Finally, the reference points shall be welded firmly with electric welding.

9. The method for inspecting the centerline of a ship's waterborne shafting by illumination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measurement steps for measuring the difference in the curved arm are as follows: S1. Use a dial indicator to check the runout of the plane and end face of the main unit output flange or large flywheel. The error shall not exceed 0.10mm. After S2 and S1 are confirmed to be qualified, the shafting system will be inspected by sunlight. When inspecting the shafting, the effects of sunlight on hull deformation should be considered and eliminated. S3. Set a dedicated illumination telescope bracket at the flywheel end of the main unit, install the dummy shaft and telescope, and use two sets of dial indicators to check and adjust the dummy shaft and telescope so that the runout of the two sets of dial indicators does not exceed 0.015mm. After S4 and S3 are confirmed to be qualified, the tail bearing bushing is illuminated and the target center is adjusted so that the light spot coincides with the target center. The deviation of the bearing bushing is measured and recorded using a caliper to determine the correctness of the axis.

10. The method for inspecting the centerline of a ship's waterborne shafting by illumination according to claim 9, characterized in that: The requirements for the S2 contrast light examination are as follows: 1) Conduct the inspection and examination at night or on a cloudy or rainy day; 2) Major equipment on board must be installed on board, and there should be no relocation of concentrated loads on the ship after inspection.

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