Underground sewage plant odor collaborative treatment method and system suitable for adverse meteorological conditions

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground sewage plant odor collaborative treatment method and system suitable for unfavorable meteorological conditions, and belongs to the field of environmental protection, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting odor in different areas according to the concentration, and implementing differential pretreatment of ion deodorization and whole-process deodorization; after the concentration of the mixed odor is stabilized through intelligent control, the odor enters a biological filter for treatment; key points are that the system intelligently recognizes adverse diffusion meteorological conditions such as temperature inversion and calm wind and automatically switches to a recharge mode, partial purified gas is recharged into a biochemical pool, and deep purification of odor and biological fixation of carbon dioxide are synchronously realized by utilizing chemical energy autotrophic microorganisms in the pool; and the residual gas is discharged after emergency treatment. According to the invention, near-zero emission of odor, stable operation of a main process and cooperation of carbon emission reduction are realized, and a reliable solution is provided for an underground sewage plant in an environment sensitive area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of environmental protection and carbon emission reduction, and in particular relates to a method and system for the synergistic treatment of odor from underground sewage treatment plants that is suitable for adverse meteorological conditions. Background Technology

[0003] When the plant boundary is extremely close to sensitive targets (e.g., less than 100 meters), existing technologies reveal systemic shortcomings in addressing the challenges of the coupling of the "NIMBY effect" and complex meteorological conditions. First, the traditional linear "treatment-emission" model, under unfavorable diffusion conditions such as calm winds and temperature inversions, can easily lead to localized high-concentration accumulation of exhaust gases near the plant boundary, even if emissions meet standards, posing environmental risks. Second, different concentrations of odorous gases (such as high-concentration gases from the pretreatment zone and low-concentration gases from the biological treatment tank) are often treated together, creating a conflict between treatment efficiency and energy costs, and high-load shocks may affect the stability of the biological treatment unit. Furthermore, existing methods lack the ability to intelligently adjust operating modes based on real-time meteorological conditions and fail to effectively couple the odor control process with the biological carbon sequestration potential of the wastewater treatment system, making it difficult to achieve low-carbon operation while ensuring near-zero emissions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for the synergistic treatment of odor from underground wastewater treatment plants under unfavorable meteorological conditions, comprising: The wastewater treatment plant is divided into high-concentration and low-concentration zones based on odor concentration, and odor is collected separately from each zone. Based on the collected odor source areas, odors from high-concentration areas are treated with ion deodorization as a primary treatment, while odors from low-concentration areas are treated with full-process deodorization as a primary treatment. Based on the odor concentration and air volume of each branch after primary treatment, the mixing ratio is dynamically adjusted to keep the odor concentration after mixing within a preset range. The mixed odorous gas is then passed into a biological filter for secondary biological purification. Acquire real-time meteorological data and determine whether the current weather conditions are unfavorable for diffusion based on the meteorological data; If the weather conditions are deemed unfavorable for diffusion, the gas after secondary biological purification will be divided into two streams. The first stream will be reinjected into the biochemical pool in the low-concentration zone for further treatment and biological carbon sequestration, while the second stream will be discharged after emergency treatment. If the weather conditions are deemed normal, the gas after secondary biological purification will be discharged directly.

[0005] Optionally, the process of dividing the wastewater treatment plant into high-concentration and low-concentration zones based on odor concentration specifically involves designating the pretreatment room, sludge tank, and dewatering room as high-concentration odor zones, and the biological treatment tank as a low-concentration odor zone. The primary treatment of odor from high-concentration areas using ion deodorization also includes: after ion deodorization, performing ozone destruction treatment on the treated exhaust gas to decompose the ozone generated therein.

[0006] Optionally, it further includes: monitoring the ozone concentration in real time along the path of the gas after ozone destruction treatment being reinjected into the biological treatment tank; and controlling the opening and closing of the reinjection path according to whether the monitored ozone concentration exceeds a safety threshold.

[0007] Optionally, the mixing ratio is dynamically adjusted based on the odor concentration and air volume of each branch after primary treatment. Specifically, this includes: monitoring the gas volume and odor concentration of each branch in real time; calculating the instantaneous mixing concentration based on the air volume and concentration; comparing the instantaneous mixing concentration with a preset optimal treatment concentration range; and adjusting the opening of the air valves of each branch based on the comparison results, so as to stabilize the mixed odor concentration within the preset range in a closed-loop control manner.

[0008] Optionally, the step of collecting odor from the high-concentration area further includes: real-time monitoring of the internal micro-negative pressure value of the key space in the high-concentration area; and automatically adjusting the fan frequency of the collection system according to the monitored micro-negative pressure value so that the key space is maintained within a preset micro-negative pressure range.

[0009] Optionally, the step of reinjecting the first gas into the biological treatment tank for deep treatment and biological carbon fixation further includes: real-time monitoring of the dissolved oxygen concentration and pH value of the aerobic section of the biological treatment tank; if the dissolved oxygen concentration is lower than a first preset threshold, automatically increasing the aeration rate of the tank section; if the pH value is lower than a second preset threshold, automatically adding an alkaline agent to the tank section.

[0010] Optionally, the step of acquiring real-time meteorological data and determining whether the current weather conditions are unfavorable for diffusion specifically includes: acquiring multiple meteorological parameters, including ground friction wind speed, albedo, dry bulb temperature, solar radiation, and cloud cover; inputting the meteorological parameters into a pre-trained meteorological recognition model, and having the model output a classification result indicating whether the weather conditions are unfavorable for diffusion; The second path is handled in an emergency manner, specifically by subjecting the gas in the second path to condensation and dehumidification followed by activated carbon adsorption before being discharged.

[0011] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention also provides a system for the coordinated treatment of odor from underground wastewater treatment plants under unfavorable meteorological conditions, comprising: The odor zone collection subsystem is used to collect odors from designated high-concentration and low-concentration zones separately. A graded pretreatment subsystem, connected to the odor zone collection subsystem, is used to perform ion deodorization and ozone destruction treatment on odors from high concentration zones, and to perform full-process deodorization treatment on odors from low concentration zones. The intelligent and stable mixing concentration control unit is used to monitor the gas parameters of each branch after being processed by the staged pretreatment subsystem, and dynamically adjust their mixing ratio. The main treatment subsystem of the biological filter is used for secondary biological purification of the mixed gas; The intelligent identification and early warning subsystem for adverse meteorological conditions is used to acquire meteorological data and determine whether adverse diffusion meteorological conditions are present. The aerated biochemical tank reinjection carbon fixation subsystem is used to reinject part of the purified gas back into the biochemical tank when the unfavorable meteorological conditions intelligent identification and early warning subsystem determines that the conditions are unfavorable. Emergency treatment branch is used to treat and discharge unreinjected gas under adverse conditions.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method when executing the computer program.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: This invention first divides odorous gases into zones based on concentration, and then employs differentiated pretreatment methods, including ion deodorization and full-process deodorization, balancing treatment efficiency, cost, and system stability. Crucially, the system intelligently identifies unfavorable meteorological conditions such as temperature inversion and calm winds, automatically switching to a "reinjection" mode. This reinjects a portion of the purified gas into a biochemical tank rich in chemoautotrophic microorganisms, achieving deep odor purification while simultaneously driving carbon dioxide biological fixation, transforming the treatment process into a carbon sequestration process. Furthermore, an intelligent and stable control unit for mixed concentrations ensures a constant load on the main biological treatment process. Ultimately, this invention achieves near-zero odor emissions in extremely sensitive areas and under unfavorable meteorological conditions, significantly reducing environmental risks and operating costs, and providing wastewater treatment plants with a comprehensive solution for synergistic pollution control and carbon reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of odor zone collection and intelligent control of micro-negative pressure in high-concentration areas according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the graded pretreatment and ozone safety process according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the intelligent recharge and buffer control process of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system layout and connection according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent recharge buffer control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0018] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for the synergistic treatment of odor from underground wastewater treatment plants under unfavorable meteorological conditions, including: The wastewater treatment plant is divided into high-concentration and low-concentration zones based on odor concentration, and odor is collected separately from each zone. Based on the collected odor source areas, odors from high-concentration areas are treated with ion deodorization as a primary treatment, while odors from low-concentration areas are treated with full-process deodorization as a primary treatment. In this embodiment, the whole-process deodorization refers both to the technology of adding functional microorganisms to the biological treatment tank to reduce the generation of malodorous substances at the source, and to the technical unit of pretreating the low-concentration odor gas collected from the biological treatment tank. Based on the odor concentration and air volume of each branch after primary treatment, the mixing ratio is dynamically adjusted to keep the odor concentration after mixing within a preset range. The mixed odorous gas is then passed into a biological filter for secondary biological purification. Acquire real-time meteorological data and determine whether the current weather conditions are unfavorable for diffusion based on the meteorological data; If the weather conditions are deemed unfavorable for diffusion, the gas after secondary biological purification will be divided into two streams. The first stream will be reinjected into the biochemical pool in the low-concentration zone for further treatment and biological carbon sequestration, while the second stream will be discharged after emergency treatment. If the weather conditions are deemed normal, the gas after secondary biological purification will be discharged directly.

[0019] First, the method in this embodiment is mainly implemented by an odor zone collection subsystem, a graded pretreatment subsystem, a biological filter main treatment subsystem, an aerated biochemical tank reinjection carbon fixation subsystem, and an intelligent control and emergency subsystem.

[0020] The process of sorting, collecting, and identifying concentrations includes: Based on the odor generation characteristics within the plant, it is clearly divided into: High-odor concentration zone: pretreatment room (bar screen, etc.), sludge tank, and dewatering room. The initial average hydrogen sulfide concentration in this zone is 41.835 mg / m³. Low-odor concentration zone: two sets of biological treatment tanks. This zone generates trace amounts of odor due to the wastewater biological treatment process, with an initial average hydrogen sulfide concentration of 0.222 mg / m³.

[0021] The process of differential classification preprocessing includes: Low-concentration zone (biological tank) primary treatment: The existing eight full-process deodorization incubators in the plant are retained and optimized, serving as the primary treatment unit. This technology reduces odorous substances at the source of wastewater biochemical reaction, performs preliminary carbon sequestration, and reduces the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the biological tank space from 0.222 mg / m³ to below 0.111 mg / m³.

[0022] First-stage treatment and safety assurance in high-concentration areas: For the pretreatment and sludge treatment areas (originally designed for odorous gases with an air volume of 17,000 m³ / h), a new ion deodorization unit was constructed as the first-stage treatment unit, significantly reducing the hydrogen sulfide concentration from 41.835 mg / m³ to 4 mg / m³. A creative improvement lies in integrating an ozone destruction device at the outlet of this ion deodorization unit to ensure that the ozone concentration in the exhaust gas remains below the safety limit, protecting the subsequent biological treatment units. Simultaneously, an online ultraviolet photometric ozone analyzer was added before the reinjection pipeline leading to the biological treatment tank. Its signal interlocks with the central controller and the pneumatic shut-off valve of the pipeline, enabling automatic shut-off and alarm activation when the ozone concentration exceeds the standard.

[0023] The process of intelligent collection and hybrid control includes: Micro-negative pressure protection: Micro-negative pressure sensors are installed at key points such as the bar screen channel and sludge discharge port in the high-concentration area and interlocked with the main frequency converter fan of the system. Through closed-loop control, these points are stably maintained at a micro-negative pressure of -10Pa to -15Pa to ensure that the high-concentration odor collection efficiency is ≥98%.

[0024] Intelligent and stable mixed concentration: An online hydrogen sulfide analyzer and an airflow meter are installed on the main pipe before the high- and low-concentration odor gases converge into the biofilter. The central controller dynamically calculates the mixed concentration based on real-time monitoring data (high-concentration branch: concentration 4 mg / m³, airflow 17000 m³ / h; low-concentration branch: concentration 0.111 mg / m³, airflow 40000 m³ / h). By adjusting the branch air valves, the mixed hydrogen sulfide concentration is stably controlled within the optimal range of 1-10 mg / m³ (e.g., 1.26 mg / m³), providing a stable load for the biofilter.

[0025] Second-stage biological purification: The mixed gas enters the existing biofilter, where it is degraded by microorganisms, further reducing the hydrogen sulfide concentration to 0.1-0.2 mg / m³ (e.g., 0.126 mg / m³).

[0026] The intelligent identification and reinjection carbon sequestration process includes: Intelligent identification of adverse meteorological conditions: In this embodiment, the intelligent meteorological identification method collects ground friction wind speed, albedo, dry bulb temperature, solar radiation and cloud cover in real time as input parameters, and inputs them into a pre-trained gradient boosting tree intelligent identification model for calculation. The model finally outputs a classification decision value: if the result is "1.0", it is determined to be an adverse diffusion meteorological condition and an early warning is triggered; if the result is "0.0", it is determined to be a normal meteorological condition and the monitoring status is maintained.

[0027] Closed-loop reinjection and advanced treatment: Under unfavorable weather conditions, the gas treated by the biological filter (H2S ~0.126 mg / m³), at a rate of 20,000 m³ / h, is reinjected into the aerobic section of the biological treatment tank, which has been dosed with deodorizing bacteria throughout the process, via a microporous aeration system. The abundant sulfur-oxidizing / chemoautotrophic microorganisms in the tank completely oxidize the residual H2S and utilize the reaction energy to fix CO2 in the liquid phase, achieving advanced deodorization and biological carbon sequestration. Ultimately, the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the gas is reduced to below 0.01 mg / m³, achieving near-zero emissions.

[0028] Under unfavorable meteorological conditions, part of the gas treated by the biological filter (H2S concentration approximately 0.126 mg / m³) is reinjected into the aerobic section of the biological treatment tank. This utilizes the existing sulfur-oxidizing / chemoautotrophic microorganisms in the tank to further degrade residual hydrogen sulfide and simultaneously achieve bio-fixation of carbon dioxide. The 20,000 m³ / h reinjection rate is not fixed; it refers to a "partial" reinjection.

[0029] Intelligent buffer control: Online DO and pH meters are installed in the aerobic section of the recharge target biological treatment tank. When the DO level drops below 2.0 mg / L due to recharge gas consumption, the system automatically increases the aeration rate in that area to ensure nitrification. When the pH level drops below 6.8 due to acidic products, the system automatically starts the sodium carbonate dosing system for neutralization to ensure that the main biological treatment process of the wastewater is not impacted.

[0030] The emergency support system works as follows: Under adverse weather conditions, not all gas is reinjected; the remaining 37,000 m³ / h enters the emergency branch line, passing sequentially through a condensation dehumidification device (to remove moisture and prevent white smoke) and an activated carbon adsorption device (to further ensure removal efficiency), before finally being discharged through a 15-meter exhaust stack. This system is only activated as needed under extreme conditions.

[0031] Example 2 This embodiment provides a system for the coordinated treatment of odor from underground wastewater treatment plants suitable for adverse weather conditions, including: The system includes: an odor zoning collection subsystem for dividing odor sources in the wastewater treatment plant into high-concentration and low-concentration odor zones for collection; a graded pretreatment subsystem connected to the odor zoning collection subsystem for differentiated primary treatment of odors from different concentration zones; a biological filter main treatment subsystem connected to the graded pretreatment subsystem for secondary biological purification of the odors after primary treatment; an aerated biological treatment tank reinjection carbon fixation subsystem connected to the biological filter main treatment subsystem for reinjecting a portion of the purified gas into the aerated biological treatment tank in the low-concentration odor zone for further purification and biological carbon fixation; and an intelligent identification and early warning subsystem for unfavorable meteorological conditions for monitoring and identifying meteorological conditions unfavorable to pollutant diffusion and controlling the system's operating mode based on the identification results.

[0032] Furthermore, in the odor zone collection subsystem, the high-odor concentration zone includes a pretreatment room, a sludge tank, and a dewatering room; the low-odor concentration zone is mainly a biological treatment tank.

[0033] Furthermore, the graded pretreatment subsystem includes: a full-process deodorization unit for treating odor from the low-concentration odor zone; an ion deodorization unit for treating odor from the high-concentration odor zone; and an ozone destruction device disposed at the outlet of the ion deodorization unit.

[0034] Furthermore, it also includes an online ozone detection device, which is installed on the path of the gas treated by the ozone destruction device to the main treatment subsystem of the biological filter or the carbon fixation subsystem of the aerated biochemical tank, for monitoring ozone concentration and having an interlock control function.

[0035] Furthermore, it also includes a mixed concentration intelligent stabilization control unit, which is set before the main odor confluence pipe of the high concentration zone and the low concentration zone, including an air volume monitoring device and an odor concentration online monitoring device respectively installed on each odor pipe; the control unit dynamically adjusts the mixing ratio of each odor according to the monitoring data, so that the mixed gas concentration entering the main treatment subsystem of the biological filter is stabilized within a preset range.

[0036] Furthermore, the odor zone collection subsystem also includes: a micro-negative pressure online detection device installed in the key space of the high odor concentration zone, and a variable frequency fan installed on the main collection duct; the micro-negative pressure online detection device and the variable frequency fan form an interlock control to maintain the key space in a set micro-negative pressure state.

[0037] Furthermore, the aerated biological treatment tank reinjection carbon fixation subsystem includes an intelligent buffer control unit, which includes: a dissolved oxygen concentration monitor and a pH monitor installed in the aerobic section of the reinjection target biological treatment tank; an aeration rate adjustment device interlocked with the dissolved oxygen concentration monitor; and an alkaline agent dosing device interlocked with the pH monitor.

[0038] Furthermore, the intelligent identification and early warning subsystem for adverse meteorological conditions includes an array of temperature sensors deployed at different vertical heights to acquire atmospheric vertical temperature gradient data in real time, and to identify inverted and stable meteorological conditions based on preset temperature gradient and wind speed conditions.

[0039] Furthermore, it also includes an emergency treatment branch, which is activated when the unfavorable weather conditions intelligent identification and early warning subsystem determines that the weather conditions are unfavorable; the emergency treatment branch is equipped with a condensation dehumidification device and an activated carbon adsorption device in sequence, and the treated gas is discharged through an exhaust pipe.

[0040] The system works collaboratively according to the following process: (1) Categorized Collection and Concentration Identification: The main odor sources of the underground wastewater treatment plant are divided into high-odor concentration zones and low-odor concentration zones. The high-odor concentration zone includes the pretreatment room, sludge tank, and dewatering room, with an initial hydrogen sulfide concentration ranging from 30 to 50 mg / m³ (e.g., 41.835 mg / m³). The low-odor concentration zone mainly consists of the biological treatment tank, with an initial hydrogen sulfide concentration below 0.5 mg / m³ (e.g., 0.222 mg / m³). (2) Differentiated and graded pretreatment: For the low-odor concentration area, the biological treatment tank adopts a full-process deodorization technology as the first stage of treatment. This reduces the generation of odorous substances at the source of the wastewater biochemical reaction while completing preliminary carbon sequestration, reducing the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the odorous gas in this area to below 0.05 mg / m³ (e.g., 0.02 mg / m³). For the high-odor concentration area, ion deodorization technology is adopted as the first stage of treatment. This utilizes active oxygen ions to rapidly oxidize and decompose odorous substances, significantly reducing the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the odorous gas in this area to the range of 1~10 mg / m³ (e.g., 4 mg / m³).

[0041] (3) Detection device to ensure slight negative pressure: A slight negative pressure online detection device is installed in key spaces of the high-odor concentration area (such as the bar screen channel and sludge discharge port) to monitor the pressure value of this area relative to the external environment in real time. This detection device is interlocked with the variable frequency fan on the main duct, and automatically adjusts the fan frequency through feedback control to ensure that the key points in the high-concentration area always maintain a stable slight negative pressure state of -5Pa to -20Pa. Through the above intelligent control, the odor collection efficiency in the high-concentration area is guaranteed to be no less than 98%, thereby effectively capturing and transporting odors with an initial hydrogen sulfide concentration (30-50 mg / m³, such as 41.835 mg / m³) to the treatment unit. The low-concentration area (biological tank), due to its relatively uniform space, uses conventional full ventilation for collection.

[0042] The lower limit (-5Pa) ensures the minimum power required to overcome minor disturbances and prevent odor leakage; the upper limit (-20Pa) avoids problems such as energy waste caused by excessive negative pressure, difficulty in opening doors and windows, and excessive intake of disordered fresh air from unexpected paths.

[0043] (4) Ion Deodorization Tail Gas Ozone Destruction Device: For gases in high-concentration odor areas that have been efficiently collected, ion deodorization technology is used as the first stage of treatment. The outlet of this ion deodorization unit is equipped with an ozone destruction device to efficiently decompose ozone (O3) that may be generated during the ion reaction process, ensuring that the ozone concentration in the pretreated tail gas is below the safety limit, thereby protecting the microbial activity of subsequent process units and the environmental safety of the final emissions.

[0044] (5) Online Ozone Detection Device: An online O3 detection device is added to the path of reinjecting the gas after ion deodorization treatment (even after ozone destruction) back to the biological treatment tank. An online ozone analyzer using ultraviolet photometry can be used. Interlocking equipment: The detection signal is connected to the system central controller (PLC / DCS) and interlocked with the pneumatic shut-off valve of the reinjection pipeline and the switching valve of the emergency discharge branch.

[0045] (6) Intelligent and Stable Mixing Concentration Control Unit: A real-time airflow monitoring device and an online odor concentration monitoring device (such as an online hydrogen sulfide analyzer) are installed before the main odor confluence pipe connecting the high-concentration and low-concentration zones. Based on the real-time concentration and airflow data of the two odor streams, the instantaneous mixing concentration is dynamically calculated using a built-in algorithm and compared with the preset optimal treatment concentration range for the biofilter (such as 1-10 mg / m³ H2S). Closed-loop feedback control of the mixing ratio is achieved by automatically adjusting the opening of the dampers in each branch or the fan frequency of the pretreatment unit, ensuring that the concentration of the mixed gas entering the biofilter remains stable within the optimal range.

[0046] (7) Mixing and Second-Stage Purification: The low-concentration odor from the first-stage treatment zone is mixed with the high-concentration odor from the second-stage treatment zone. After mixing, the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the odor is reduced to the range of 1-2 mg / m³ (e.g., 1.26 mg / m³). Subsequently, the mixed odor is passed into a biological filter for second-stage biological treatment, where it is further degraded by the microbial film attached to the filter media, reducing the hydrogen sulfide concentration to the range of 0.1-0.2 mg / m³ (e.g., 0.126 mg / m³).

[0047] (8) Intelligent identification and early warning subsystem for adverse meteorological conditions: Under normal meteorological conditions, the mixed odorous gas is treated by the biological filter and then discharged through a 15m exhaust stack. Under adverse meteorological conditions, part of the gas is reinjected into the aeration biochemical tank, and the part of the gas that is not reinjected is discharged through the dehumidification and activated carbon emergency system through a 15m exhaust stack.

[0048] Unfavorable atmospheric diffusion conditions refer to environmental states where atmospheric physical processes inhibit the dilution, transport, and dissipation of pollutants. Their main characteristics are stable atmospheric stratification and weak turbulent exchange. Specifically, this manifests as low or even calm winds near the ground, the presence of temperature inversion stratification in the vertical direction, weak thermal convection, and a low mixing layer height. These conditions collectively severely limit the horizontal and vertical diffusion capacity of pollutants, making them prone to accumulation near emission sources and near the ground, thus leading to high concentrations of pollution.

[0049] The formation mechanism of unfavorable dispersion meteorological conditions during typical temperature inversion moments: Unfavorable dispersion meteorological conditions exhibit a clear pattern in diurnal variation. After sunset, the ground radiative cooling process begins, and the atmospheric stratification starts to shift towards a stable state, marking the beginning of unfavorable conditions. At this time, near-surface wind speeds weaken, turbulent activity decreases, and a vertical inversion stratification gradually establishes itself from the ground upwards, forming a "lid" that closes the vertical dispersion channels for pollutants. During this stage, pollutants continuously emitted at night are confined to the near-surface, and their concentration begins to accumulate continuously. After a whole night of cooling and the development of a stable stratification, unfavorable conditions reach their peak before sunrise. At this time, the intensity and thickness of the radiative inversion reach their maximum, the atmospheric stratification is most stable, often accompanied by the lowest wind speeds or even calm winds of the day, as well as the lowest mixing layer height. The pollutants accumulated at night, combined with the emissions from traffic and other sources that begin to emerge in the early morning, are firmly suppressed within a very shallow near-surface space, causing pollution concentrations to often peak during this period, forming the worst air quality time of the day. This accumulation process only begins to improve after sunrise. As solar radiation intensifies, the ground heats up, and the near-surface air temperature rises. The inversion layer is gradually broken down from bottom to top, turbulent activity becomes active again, and the mixing layer height increases. The atmospheric vertical exchange capacity is restored, allowing pollutants to diffuse upwards and outwards, thereby alleviating or eliminating unfavorable dispersion meteorological conditions. Therefore, pollution processes often exhibit a diurnal cycle of "nighttime accumulation, morning peak, and afternoon improvement," with the core driving force being the synchronous evolution of the formation and dissipation cycle of radiation inversion and unfavorable dispersion conditions.

[0050] ① Obtaining atmospheric stability: To determine the atmospheric stability level, the following steps are required: First, calculate the solar tilt angle based on the observation date. Then, calculate the solar altitude angle based on the local latitude, longitude, and Beijing time. Next, find the solar radiation level from Table B1 based on the total cloud cover, low cloud cover, and solar altitude angle. Finally, find the corresponding atmospheric stability level from Table B2 based on the ground wind speed (10-minute average wind speed at a height of 10 meters above the ground) and solar radiation level. The level is divided into six levels: A (strongly unstable), B (unstable), C (weakly unstable), D (neutral), E (relatively stable), and F (stable), as shown in Table 1.

[0051] Table 1 ② Calculate the ground friction wind speed based on atmospheric stability, ground 10m wind speed, and the ratio of ground friction wind speed to ground 10m wind speed.

[0052] ③ Intelligent identification method for unfavorable diffusion meteorological conditions (creativity) Step 1: Construct a sample database of "ground friction wind speed - albedo - dry bulb temperature - solar radiation - cloud cover - unfavorable meteorological decision factors".

[0053] This study integrates routine meteorological observation data (including wind direction, 10-meter wind speed, total cloud cover, low cloud cover, and dry-bulb temperature) from 8:00 AM and 8:00 PM daily (typical inversion periods) for a specific location throughout the year, as well as pollution source emission parameters under normal operating conditions (covering exhaust stack height and inner diameter, flue gas temperature, and pollutant emission rates). This data is input into the AERMOD4.6 software from Huan'an Technology to simulate the pollutant concentration distribution in the near-surface area downwind of the emission source. The simulation results are then compared with environmental standards. If a standard is exceeded, the unfavorable meteorological decision factor is recorded as 1; otherwise, it is recorded as 0. Simultaneously, the software outputs the corresponding ground friction wind speed, albedo, and solar radiation core parameters from the AERMOD4.6 software. These data are then integrated to form a training sample database of "ground friction wind speed - albedo - dry-bulb temperature - solar radiation - cloud cover - unfavorable meteorological decision factor".

[0054] Step 2: Construct an intelligent identification model for adverse weather conditions based on Gradient Boosting Tree (GBDT) and verify its performance.

[0055] Using ground friction wind speed, albedo, dry-bulb temperature, solar radiation, and cloud cover as key features, and "unfavorable meteorological decision factors" (0 or 1) as the prediction target, a gradient boosting tree classification model was constructed. Model performance validation showed that in real-time identification, the recall rates on the training set, cross-validation set, and test set were 1, 0.974, and 0.973, respectively; when making predictions one time period in advance, the recall rates were 1, 0.97, and 0.959, respectively, indicating that the model perfectly fits the training set and possesses strong discriminative ability and good generalization performance on the cross-validation and test sets. Feature importance analysis clarifies the contribution of each meteorological parameter to decision-making, providing support for mechanistic explanations. The trained model can be used for real-time classification and prediction of newly input meteorological data, outputting a result of "0.0" (normal) or "1.0" (unfavorable), thus serving as an intelligent decision support tool for deciding whether to activate emergency response plans.

[0056] (9) Closed-loop reinjection and deep biological carbon sequestration: Part of the gas treated by the biofilter is reinjected into the biochemical tank in the low-odor concentration zone. This biochemical tank employs a full-process deodorization technology, and its mixed liquid contains a large number of active microorganisms with sulfur oxidation and chemoautotrophic functions. The reinjected gas diffuses into the tank in the form of microbubbles, where residual trace amounts of hydrogen sulfide are used as electron donors, and carbon dioxide in the tank liquid is used as an inorganic carbon source. Under the action of chemoautotrophic microorganisms, the following synergistic reactions occur: Deep purification: Trace amounts of hydrogen sulfide are completely oxidized. Biological carbon sequestration: Microorganisms utilize the energy generated by this biochemical reaction to fix carbon dioxide (CO2) in the system, synthesizing their own cellular material, thus achieving carbon sequestration. Ultimately, the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the gas is reduced to below 0.02 mg / m³ (e.g., 0.01 mg / m³), achieving near-zero odor emissions and simultaneous carbon sequestration.

[0057] (10) Closed-loop reinjection and intelligent buffer control subsystem: The gas treated by the biological filter is reinjected into the aerobic section of the biological treatment tank through a dedicated gas distribution system. To mitigate the impact risk of reinjected gas on the main wastewater treatment process (nitrification), this system integrates an intelligent buffer control unit: In the aerobic section of the target biological treatment tank, dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and pH value are monitored in real time. DO compensation control: When the DO concentration is detected to be lower than the preset safety threshold (e.g., 2.0 mg / L) due to the oxidation reaction of the reinjected gas, the central controller of the system automatically increases the aeration rate of that section to prioritize the needs of aerobic microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria. pH stabilization control: When the pH is detected to drop to the lower limit of the preset range (e.g., 6.8) due to acid production from hydrogen sulfide oxidation, the controller automatically starts the alkaline agent dosing system (e.g., adding sodium carbonate solution) to neutralize the acidity and maintain the optimal growth environment for microorganisms.

[0058] (11) Emergency system for partial emission of gas under unfavorable weather conditions: The emergency branch is equipped with a condensation dehumidification device and an activated carbon adsorption device connected in sequence; the condensation dehumidification device cools the airflow to below its dew point temperature, separates and discharges liquid water to reduce the absolute moisture content of the airflow, prevent visual pollution and ensure the efficiency of the subsequent adsorbent.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The focus is on zoned odor collection and intelligent micro-negative pressure control in high-concentration areas. The key lies in clearly defining the zones; installing online micro-negative pressure detection devices in key spaces of high-concentration areas (such as bar screens); this device is interlocked with the variable frequency fan, forming a closed loop through the central controller to maintain a micro-negative pressure of -5 to -20 Pa, ensuring efficient collection.

[0060] Figure 2 The focus is on showcasing differentiated pretreatment pathways and ozone safety interlocks. The key is the two independent pretreatment pathways: "ion deodorization + ozone destruction" for high-concentration areas and "full-process deodorization" for low-concentration areas. In the ion deodorization pathway, an online ozone analyzer is installed, and its signal is interlocked with the reinjection valve and emergency valve to form proactive safety protection.

[0061] Figure 3 The focus is on showcasing the deep purification process during reinjection and the intelligent buffering mechanism that ensures the stability of the main processes. Key points include the deep purification and synergistic biological carbon sequestration reaction of the reinjected gas within the biological treatment tank; the installation of online DO and pH monitors within the tank; and the use of monitoring signals to trigger interlocking controls: automatic aeration compensation or automatic chemical dosing to ensure the stability of the main processes such as nitrification.

[0062] In this embodiment, the key point of the stable control logic of the biofilter inlet concentration is that air volume monitoring (F) and H2S concentration online monitoring (C) devices are set in both high and low concentration branches; the monitoring data is sent to the controller, and the algorithm dynamically calculates and compares the data with the preset range; the controller outputs instructions to dynamically adjust the opening of the regulating air valve (V) of each branch, realizes closed-loop feedback control, and stabilizes the biofilter inlet load.

[0063] Figure 4 It clearly distinguishes between high-concentration odor zones (such as the pretreatment room) and low-concentration zones (biological tank); it shows two independent pretreatment paths: the high-concentration zone path passes through the ion deodorization unit and the ozone destruction device in sequence, while the low-concentration zone path is the whole-process deodorization unit; ③ it shows three possible paths after the main treatment: direct discharge, reinjection into the aerobic section of the biological tank, and discharge after passing through the emergency treatment unit.

[0064] Figure 5The demonstration showcased an intelligent control mechanism to ensure the stability of the main process during reinjection. Key features included the installation of dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH monitors in the aerobic section of the target biological treatment tank; the connection of these monitoring signals to a central controller (PLC / DCS); interlocking between the controller and the aeration rate regulator to automatically increase aeration when DO is too low; and interlocking with the alkaline chemical dosing device to automatically add chemicals when pH drops.

[0065] Among all key sensor signals, the central controller (PLC / DCS) is the decision-making core. Its primary logic is to identify the operating mode based on meteorological signals. The controller outputs corresponding interlocking control actions according to different inputs, including: adjusting the fan frequency, interlocking the ozone safety valve, adjusting the mixing valve, switching operating modes, and executing reinjection buffer control. This diagram comprehensively illustrates the intelligent and integrated control of the system.

[0066] The key feature of the core control unit is that air volume monitoring devices (F1, F2) and odor concentration online monitoring devices (C1, C2) (such as hydrogen sulfide online analyzers) are installed on the high and low concentration branches respectively; each branch is equipped with regulating air valves (V1, V2); all monitoring data are input into the control unit, whose built-in algorithm dynamically calculates the instantaneous mixing concentration and compares it with the preset range, and outputs a signal to dynamically adjust the opening of the air valves, thereby realizing closed-loop feedback control of the mixing ratio.

[0067] On the other hand, this embodiment also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method when executing the computer program.

[0068] On the other hand, this embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method.

[0069] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for synergistic odor management of underground sewage plants suitable for adverse weather conditions, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: According to the odor concentration, the sewage plant is divided into high concentration area and low concentration area, and the odor in each area is collected respectively; According to the collected odor source area, the odor from the high concentration area is treated by ion deodorization for primary treatment, and the odor from the low concentration area is treated by whole process deodorization for primary treatment; According to the odor concentration and air volume of each branch after the primary treatment, the mixing ratio is dynamically adjusted to stabilize the mixed odor concentration in the preset range; The mixed odor is introduced into the biological filter tank for secondary biological purification; Real-time meteorological data is obtained, and whether the current is in adverse diffusion weather condition is judged based on the meteorological data; If it is judged that the adverse diffusion weather condition exists, the gas after the secondary biological purification is divided into two paths, wherein the first path is backfilled into the biochemical tank in the low concentration area for deep treatment and biological carbon fixation, and the second path is discharged after emergency treatment; if it is judged that the normal weather condition exists, the gas after the secondary biological purification is directly discharged.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The sewage plant is divided into high concentration area and low concentration area according to the odor concentration, specifically, the pretreatment room, sludge tank and dewatering room are divided into high odor concentration area, and the biochemical tank is divided into low odor concentration area; The odor from the high concentration area is treated by ion deodorization for primary treatment, which further comprises: after the ion deodorization treatment, the tail gas is treated by ozone destruction to decompose the ozone generated therein.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, Further comprising: Real-time monitoring of ozone concentration on the path of backfilling the gas after the ozone destruction treatment into the biochemical tank; And according to whether the monitored ozone concentration exceeds the safety threshold, the on-off of the backfilling path is controlled.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, According to the odor concentration and air volume of each branch after the primary treatment, the mixing ratio is dynamically adjusted, specifically including: the air volume and odor concentration of each branch are monitored in real time respectively; the instantaneous mixing concentration is calculated according to the air volume and concentration; the instantaneous mixing concentration is compared with the preset optimal treatment concentration interval, and the air valve opening degree of each branch is adjusted according to the comparison result, so that the mixed odor concentration is stabilized in the preset range in a closed loop control mode.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, In the step of collecting the odor in the high concentration area, further comprising: real-time monitoring of the internal micro-negative pressure value of the key space in the high concentration area; and according to the monitored micro-negative pressure value, automatically adjusting the frequency of the fan of the collection system to maintain the key space in the preset micro-negative pressure range.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, In the step of backfilling the first path gas into the biochemical tank for deep treatment and biological carbon fixation, further comprising: real-time monitoring of the dissolved oxygen concentration and pH value of the aerobic section of the biochemical tank; if the dissolved oxygen concentration is lower than the first preset threshold, the aeration amount of the tank section is automatically increased; if the pH value is lower than the second preset threshold, alkaline agent is automatically added to the tank section.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The real-time meteorological data is obtained, and whether the current is in adverse diffusion weather condition is judged based on the meteorological data, specifically including: obtaining multiple meteorological parameters including surface friction wind speed, albedo, dry bulb temperature, solar radiation and cloud amount; inputting the meteorological parameters into a pre-trained meteorological recognition model to output a classification result representing whether it is an adverse diffusion weather condition; The second branch is used for emergency treatment, specifically, the second branch gas is sequentially subjected to condensation and dehumidification and activated carbon adsorption treatment, and then discharged.

8. An underground sewage plant odor co-management system suitable for adverse weather conditions for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The odor partition collection subsystem is used for collecting the odor in the high concentration area and the low concentration area respectively; The hierarchical pretreatment subsystem is connected with the odor partition collection subsystem, and is used for ion deodorization and ozone destruction treatment of the odor from the high concentration area, and full-process deodorization treatment of the odor from the low concentration area; The mixed concentration intelligent stable control unit is used for monitoring the gas parameters of each branch after the hierarchical pretreatment subsystem treatment, and dynamically adjusting the mixing ratio; The biological filter main treatment subsystem is used for secondary biological purification of the mixed gas; The adverse weather condition intelligent identification and early warning subsystem is used for obtaining meteorological data and judging whether it is in an adverse diffusion weather condition; The aeration biochemical pool recirculation carbon fixation subsystem is used for recirculating part of the purified gas to the biochemical pool when the adverse weather condition intelligent identification and early warning subsystem judges that it is in an adverse condition; The emergency treatment branch is used for treating and discharging the unrecirculated gas under the adverse condition.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to realize the method of any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 9. The computer program is executed by the processor to realize the method of any one of claims 1-7.

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